lecture 2 title: computer software
DESCRIPTION
By: Mr Hashem Alaidaros MIS 101. Lecture 2 Title: Computer Software. Objective. To know what are the computer software types To be familiar with virus, hacker, spyware . Software Types. Software: Consists of a series of instructions that tells the computer what to do. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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By: Mr Hashem AlaidarosMIS 101
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Main Topics• Computer software types• 32 bit vs. 64 bit• Malware
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Software TypesSoftware: It is a group of programs that tells the computer
hardware what to do.Programs: is a group of commands written in a specific
programming language to solve a specific problem.Programming Language: is a group of instructions and rules
that perform operations on data processingSince computer doesn’t understand human language,
programming language is inventedHigh level language (understandable by human): Java, C++Low level language (understandably by computer
hardware): Assembly language
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ذ
Example of Java Language
04/22/23 © Mr Hashem Alaidaros 4
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Software TermsOpen Source Software: It is software that its
programming language is able to be read and customized.More flexible
Freeware Software: It is a copywrited software, available to use for free forever.Close Source
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Types of SoftwareThere are three main types of
software:1. System software (Operating System)2. Utility software 3. Application software
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1. System SoftwareSystem Software: It is software that controls and
manages the operations that deal directly to the computer hardwareOperating System (OS)
Operating System (OS) functions: 1. Allow users to run application software2. Manages the computer processes3. Functioning as interface that connects the user, the
application and the hardware. How?
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System Software Examples Basic Input / Output System (BIOS) Disk Operating System (DOS) Windows (Microsoft product) Most targeted by hackers and Malwares iOS (Apple product) More suitable for graphics design Linux: (Unix family) Open source Android (Google product) Designed for smart phones
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MultitaskingThe execution of two
or more programs by one user concurrently on the same computer with one central processor
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2. Utility SoftwareUtility Programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type
tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs
• Types of utility softwareo Disk imageo Disk optimization o Encrypt datao File and data recovery o Text protecto Preventative security o Spywareo Uninstaller
-Msconfig -Restore -Page file
-Task Manager -System log
-Control Panel -Remote Acces
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3. Application Software• Application software are programs that perform specific
tasks for users (It is the reason that one wants to buy a computer).
• Types of application softwareo Bowsero Communicationo Data managemento E-mailo Presentation graphicso Programmingo Spreadsheeto Word processing
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Application SoftwareIncludes many executable files and data files:
Installer program (eg: setup.exe)Uninstaller program (why important?)Main executable file (eg: winword.exe)Support modules (eg: .dll files)
Called by the PROGRAM, not by the userData modules (eg: MS Word
dictionary)
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Application SoftwareTwo types of Application software:
1. Prewritten application software2. Custom application software
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1. Pre-written• Pre-written application: It is ready application that is designed and
developed for public use.
• For this type of application: Users only need to install (with a little modification if need) the software on their hardware
• Available on the hand
• Examples of pre-written software may include:• MS Word• Skype• Second Live
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2. CustomCustom Software: It is software that is designed for specific purpose
and to meet organization’s needs.
In these cases, the business may have its own programmers to create a software to meet their needs
Programmer: Someone who develops application or system software
Examples of custom application software may include: Payroll Accounting Project Management
What are the differences between pro-written and custom software?
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32 bit vs. 64 bitCPU, OS, and Software can be 32 bit or 64 bitCPU-32 bit
CPU processes 32 bit of data per one cycleCPU-64 bit
CPU processes 64 bits of data per one cycleWhich one has better speed? Why?OS- 32 bit
Support up to 4 GB of RAMOS-64 bits
Support more than 4 GB of RAM With CPU-32 bit, only OS-32 bit with Software-32 bit is supported In CPU-64 bit, OS-32 bit with Software-32 can be supported OS-32 bit only supports Software-32 bit
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MalwareMalware or MALicious softWARE: is a program that is written to
attack or harm systems and files.
Malware can:• Delete files• Slow down computer and network• Send emails automatically• Control the computer remotely or open backdoor on the
victim computer
Malware main types: Virus Worms Trojan horse
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Malware• Virus: is a program that repeat itself into files and systems.
• It has to attach itself to a program or a file (exe files)• It has to be clicked to activate the virus
• Worm: is type of virus that spread itself into other computers via networks.• It doesn’t attach itself to a program or a file• It activate itself with human intervention
Trojan horse: is type of malware that attach itself to a program or a file and open backdoor on the victim computer Used for spying and controlling the victim computer
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Spyware• Spyware is a small computer program that
monitors what you are doing with your computer resources.
• Mostly come from advertisement pop-up
• Auntispyware software: adware, microsoft antispyware
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Software Updates• Operating system and application software must
be always up to date (update)
• How often should be updated?
• Benefits of updates:• Security• Efficiency