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http://courses.csail.mit.edu/6.849/tokyo16/

Hiden Senbazuru Orikata1797

Presenter
Presentation Notes
Scan of 1797 book
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Figure 16.2 from GFALOP
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Figure 12.1 of GFALOP
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Figure 12.9 of GFALOP
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Figure 12.12 of GFALOP
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Figure 12.7 of GFALOP
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Figure 12.13 of GFALOP
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Figure 12.16 of GFALOP

Flat Folding of Box-Pleated Crease Pattern is NP-complete

[Akitaya, Cheung,

Demaine, Horiyama, Hull,

Ku, Tachi, Uehara 2015]

Not-All-Equal 3SAT

• Given triples• Assign binary

values to variables so that every triple has both values

Not-All-Equal 3SAT

• Given triples• Assign binary

values to variables so that every triple has both values

Not-All-Equal 3SAT

• Given triples• Assign binary

values to variables so that every triple has both values

Not-All-Equal 3SAT

• Given triples• Assign binary

values to variables so that every triple has both values

Not-All-Equal 3SAT

• Given triples• Assign binary

values to variables so that every triple has both values

Graph Orientation

Graph Orientation

[Bern & Hayes 1996]

Presenter
Presentation Notes
Figure 13.3 of GFALOP

[Akitaya, Cheung, Demaine, Horiyama, Hull, Ku, Tachi, Uehara 2015]

Flat Folding of Box-Pleated Crease Pattern is NP-complete

[Akitaya, Cheung,

Demaine, Horiyama, Hull,

Ku, Tachi, Uehara 2015]

Flat Folding of Box-Pleated Crease Pattern is NP-complete

[Akitaya, Cheung,

Demaine, Horiyama, Hull,

Ku, Tachi, Uehara 2015]

[Akitaya, Cheung, Demaine, Horiyama, Hull, Ku, Tachi, Uehara 2015]

Flat Folding of Box-Pleated Assigned Crease Pattern is NP-complete

[Akitaya, Cheung,

Demaine, Horiyama, Hull,

Ku, Tachi, Uehara 2015]

Flat Folding of Box-Pleated Assigned Crease Pattern is NP-complete

[Akitaya, Cheung,

Demaine, Horiyama, Hull,

Ku, Tachi, Uehara 2015]

SODA 1996

[Akitaya, Cheung, Demaine, Horiyama, Hull, Ku, Tachi, Uehara 2015]

true

true

true

true

[Bern & Hayes 1996]

Crossover is Broken

Electrabrake Manual FolderPress & Shear

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Presentation Notes
Frames from video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l_stw54dfZ4

Luxury and Elegant Home Design In The World / designinteriorart.comJuly 2011

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Presentation Notes
http://designinteriorart.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/unique-wall-decorating-with-various-functions.jpg and http://designinteriorart.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/wall-decorating-ideas-with-various-functions.jpg from http://designinteriorart.com/all-posts/decorating-wall-with-various-functions/

“Sheetseat”Ufuk Keskin & Efecem Kutuk2009

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http://www.ufukkeskin.com/storage/sheetseat4.jpg from http://www.ufukkeskin.com/sheetseat/

“Flat-Pack Furniture” dornob

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http://cdn.dornob.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/transforming-all-in-one-room-design3.jpg & http://cdn.dornob.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/transforming-fold-out-room-design2.jpg & http://cdn.dornob.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/transforming-modular-cardboard-room1.jpg from http://dornob.com/flat-pack-furniture-for-an-all-in-one-interior-design/

“Folded Steel Design Furniture Ideas: Unique Coffee Table”Home Gallery Design October 2010

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Presentation Notes
http://homegallerydesign.com/wp-content/uploads/Modern-Furniture-Ideas-Unique-Coffee-Table.jpg & http://homegallerydesign.com/wp-content/uploads/Unique-Coffee-Table-Design-Furniture-Ideas.jpg & http://homegallerydesign.com/wp-content/uploads/Unique-Coffee-Table-Design-Folded-Steel.jpg & http://homegallerydesign.com/wp-content/uploads/Unique-Coffee-Table-Design-Home-Furniture.jpg from http://homegallerydesign.com/folded-steel-design-furniture-ideas-unique-coffee-table/

SimpleFolds

[Akitaya, Demaine, Ku 2015]

ModelAssigned Unassigned

One-layer NP-hard open poly open open poly

Some-layers NP-hard

NP-hard poly open NP-

hard poly

All-layers NP-hard

NP-hard poly open NP-

hard poly

InfiniteOne-layer

NP-hard open poly NP-

hard open poly

InfiniteSome-layers

NP-hard open poly NP-

hard open poly

InfiniteAll-layers open open poly open open poly

[Akitaya, Demaine, Ku 2015]

[Arkin, Bender,

Demaine, Demaine, Mitchell,

Sethia, Skiena2000]

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Figure 14.5 of GFALOP

[Arkin, Bender,

Demaine, Demaine, Mitchell,

Sethia, Skiena2000]

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Figures 14.5 and 14.6 of GFALOP

3-Partition

• Given 𝑛𝑛 integers 𝑎𝑎1, 𝑎𝑎2, … , 𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛, can you partition into 𝑛𝑛/3 triples with the same sum? 𝑡𝑡 = ∑𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎𝑖𝑖

⁄𝑛𝑛 3

This problem is strongly NP-complete:NP-complete even if 𝑎𝑎𝑖𝑖 numbers are 𝑛𝑛𝑂𝑂(1)

…?

𝑡𝑡

𝑛𝑛/3 triples

[Akitaya,Demaine,Ku 2015]

Reduction from3-Partition

Reduction from3-Partition

[Akitaya, Demaine, Ku 2015]

[Akitaya, Demaine, Ku 2015]

[Akitaya,Demaine,Ku 2015]

[Demaine, Demaine, Mitchell 1999]3D model byBitmapworld

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3D model from http://www.turbosquid.com/3d-models/3d-horse-animals-lightwave-model/269712 and rendered by Erik. Other drawings by Erik.
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Figure 15.4 of GFALOP
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Figure 15.2 from GFALOP
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Figures 15.2 and 15.3 from GFALOP

Tomohiro Tachi

Origamizer[Tachi 2006;

Demaine & Tachi2009–2016]

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Photos from http://graphics.stanford.edu/data/3Dscanrep/bunny-scanalyze-sh.jpg and http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/1003649096/ and http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/1002688931

Demaine & Tachi 2010

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From unpublished Origamizer paper by Erik Demaine & Tomohiro Tachi

http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/

“Origamizer Screenshots for Hypar”Tomohiro Tachi, 2007

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Top image http://farm2.staticflickr.com/1208/1420669885_e335a62591_o.jpg from http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/1420669885/ distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 License. Bottom image http://farm2.staticflickr.com/1018/1421577530_49be0f2b12_o.png from http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/1421577530/ distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 License.

“3D origamibell shape”

Tomohiro Tachi2007

http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/

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Image http://farm2.staticflickr.com/1144/913624865_c0c90c4dbf_o.jpg from http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/913624865/ distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 License

“Mouse”Tomohiro Tachi

2007

http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/

Presenter
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Image http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2399/2330200221_6b0f364462_o.jpg from http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/1476518003/ distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 License

“3D mask”Tomohiro Tachi

2007

http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/

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Image http://farm2.staticflickr.com/1251/1476518003_1a816a5e0d_o.jpg from http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/2330200221/ distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 License

“Tetrapod”Tomohiro Tachi

2008

http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/

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Left image http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3003/2653269033_6fb887c21c_o.jpg from http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/2653269033/ distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 License. Right image http://freeassociationdesign.files.wordpress.com/2010/09/2802993534_2de3ba2d37_b.jpg from http://freeassociationdesign.wordpress.com/2010/09/18/tetrapods-entropy-and-excess/

“Leaf of Kajinoki(BroussonetiaPapyrifera)”

Tomohiro Tachi2007

http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/

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Image http://farm2.staticflickr.com/1261/1426795877_e4a33a5617_o.jpg from http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/1426795877/ distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 License
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Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GAnW-KU2yn4

“OrigamiStanfordBunny”

Tomohiro Tachi2007

http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/

Presenter
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Image http://farm2.staticflickr.com/1284/1002688931_e2b6af10ab_b.jpg from http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/1002688931/ distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 License

Metal Bunny

[Cheung, Demaine, Demaine, Tachi 2011]

Presenter
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Video http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/5473218888/ distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 License

Metal Bunny

[Cheung, Demaine, Demaine, Tachi 2011]

Presenter
Presentation Notes
Photo http://farm6.staticflickr.com/5292/5473218708_44294474ec_b.jpg from http://www.flickr.com/photos/tactom/5473218708/ distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 License

Tree Method of Origami Design[Fujimoto, Kamiya, Kawahata, Lang, Maekawa, Meguro, Yoshino]

[Lang, Demaine, Demaine 2006–2016]

• Algorithm to fold optimal origami “base” with desired stick-figure projection

headforeleg

hindleg

tail

Tree Method of Origami Design[Fujimoto, Kamiya, Kawahata, Lang, Maekawa, Meguro, Yoshino]

[Lang, Demaine, Demaine 2006–2016]

• Algorithm to fold optimal origami “base” with desired stick-figure projection

headforeleg

hindleg

tail

“Scorpion varileg, opus 379”Robert Lang, 2002

Presenter
Presentation Notes
Top colored figure is Figure 11.35 from Origami Design Secrets (1st edition), page 406. Tree is drawn by Erik. Bottom image http://www.langorigami.com/image.php?image=/art/arachnids/scorpion_varileg.jpg from http://www.langorigami.com/art/gallery/gallery.php?name=scorpion_varileg

“Flying Grasshopper, opus 382”Robert Lang, 2003

Presenter
Presentation Notes
Top colored figure is Figure 11.36 from Origami Design Secrets (1st edition), page 407. Tree is drawn by Erik. Bottom image http://www.langorigami.com/image.php?image=/art/insects/flying_grasshopper.jpg from http://www.langorigami.com/art/gallery/gallery.php?name=flying_grasshopper

“Alamo Stallion, opus 384”Robert Lang, 2002

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Presentation Notes
Top colored figure is Figure 11.37 from Origami Design Secrets (1st edition), page 408. Tree is drawn by Erik. Bottom image http://www.langorigami.com/image.php?image=/art/mammals/alamo_stallion.jpg from http://www.langorigami.com/art/gallery/gallery.php?name=alamo_stallion

Nazgul 7.3Jason Ku, 2007

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Images and design by Jason Ku. http://scripts.mit.edu/~jasonku/index.php?id=2007&model=nazgul2

Shrimp 1.8Jason Ku, 2006

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Images and design by Jason Ku. http://scripts.mit.edu/~jasonku/index.php?id=2006&model=shrimp1

Butterfly 2.2Jason Ku, 2008

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Presentation Notes
Images and design by Jason Ku. http://scripts.mit.edu/~jasonku/index.php?id=2008&model=butterfly1

Disk Packing for Origami Design

Disk Packing is NP-hard +𝑎𝑎𝑖𝑖

+𝑎𝑎𝑗𝑗

+𝑎𝑎𝑘𝑘

𝑎𝑎𝑖𝑖 + 𝑎𝑎𝑗𝑗+𝑎𝑎𝑘𝑘 = 𝑡𝑡

[Demaine, Fekete, Lang

2010]−𝑡𝑡

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Presentation Notes
Figures 10, 11, 2 of http://erikdemaine.org/papers/DiskPacking_Origami5/ (covered under MIT Faculty Open-Access Policy)

Wakoku Chiyekurabe — Kan Chu Sen, 1721

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Presentation Notes
“Wakoku Chiyekurabe” by Kan Chu Sen, published in 1721. Out of copyright. Scans by Erik Demaine. See http://erikdemaine.org/foldcut/sen_book.html

Wakoku Chiyekurabe — Kan Chu Sen, 1721

Presenter
Presentation Notes
“Wakoku Chiyekurabe” by Kan Chu Sen, published in 1721. Out of copyright. Scans by Erik Demaine. See http://erikdemaine.org/foldcut/sen_book.html

Kan Chu Sen (1721)

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Earliest known reference Precedes earliest origami reference!

“Betsy Ross 1777”Jean Leon Gerome

Ferris, 1932

Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, 1873

1922

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Where Martin Gardner heard of the problem

1955

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Where Martin Gardner heard of the problem
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Figure 17.2 of GFALOP. See also http://erikdemaine.org/foldcut/examples/
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Figure 17.2 of GFALOP. See also http://erikdemaine.org/foldcut/examples/
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Figure 17.2 of GFALOP. See also http://erikdemaine.org/foldcut/examples/
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Figure 17.2 of GFALOP. See also http://erikdemaine.org/foldcut/examples/
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Drawing by Erik Demaine & Martin Demaine. http://erikdemaine.org/foldcut/examples/

Jie Qi2010

Sarah Eisenstat2010

Jason Ku2010

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Figure 17.15 of GFALOP
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Figure 1 of http://erikdemaine.org/papers/SimpleFoldCut_CGGA2010full/
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Figure 4 of http://erikdemaine.org/papers/MazeFolding_Origami5/ (covered under MIT Faculty Open-Access Policy)

[Demaine, Demaine, Ku 2010]

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Figure 2 of http://erikdemaine.org/papers/MazeFolding_Origami5/ (covered under MIT Faculty Open-Access Policy)

[Demaine, Demaine, Ku 2010]

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Made with http://erikdemaine.org/fonts/maze/

[Demaine, Demaine, Ku 2010]

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Figure 4 of http://erikdemaine.org/papers/MazeFolding_Origami5/ (covered under MIT Faculty Open-Access Policy)

folding by Christopher Chin

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Figure 4 of http://erikdemaine.org/papers/MazeFolding_Origami5/ (covered under MIT Faculty Open-Access Policy)

http://erikdemaine.org/fonts/

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http://erikdemaine.org/fonts/maze/
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Class poster from http://courses.csail.mit.edu/6.849/fall12/poster_letter_lowres.pdf . Make your own make folding here: http://erikdemaine.org/fonts/maze/

Yes/No

Demaine,Demaine,

Stengle2011

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http://erikdemaine.org/prints/YesNo/

Science/Art Demaine & Demaine, 2011

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Presentation Notes
http://erikdemaine.org/prints/ScienceArt/

MartinGardner

Demaine,Demaine

2012

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Presentation Notes
http://erikdemaine.org/prints/MartinGardner/

“Ralf Konrad'sRubik's Cube Tessellation”

Jorge Jaramillo/ georigami

January 2007

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Presentation Notes
Photo from http://www.flickr.com/photos/georigami/374615107/ distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 license

AndyWilson

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Presentation Notes
Images http://www.spundreams.net/~andy/origami/tessellations/purple-octagons-merlin-uriel.jpg & http://www.spundreams.net/~andy/origami/tessellations/green-6-4-3-4-full.jpg & http://www.spundreams.net/~andy/origami/tessellations/orange-star-medium.jpg & http://www.spundreams.net/~andy/origami/tessellations/green-octagons-full.jpg & http://www.spundreams.net/~andy/origami/tessellations/orange-dark-detail-corner.jpg from http://www.spundreams.net/~andy/origami/tessellations.html

TessAlex Bateman

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Presentation Notes
Software: http://www.papermosaics.co.uk/software.html Image: http://www.papermosaics.co.uk/Images/gui.gif