lecture 1 introduction to anatomy nursing level 1
TRANSCRIPT
Nursing College
Ms.Elham Saad
- Human anatomy : study of the structure of the human
body and the relationship of its constituent parts to
each other.
- Histology : study of tissues [including the cells] by means
of a microscope.
- Neuroanatomy : study of the nervous system, both by
gross anatomy and microscopically.
Introduction to Anatomy
Terms Definit ion
Anatomicalposition
the person is standing erect, with the upper
limbs by his sides and the face and palms
of the hands are directed forward.
Median sagittal plane
It is a vertical plane passing through the
center of the body, dividing it into 2 equal
halves right and left.
Para median plane
Any plane that lies parallel to the median
plane on the right or left sides.
Terms Definit ion
Coronal planes: vertical planes at right angles to the median plane.
Horizontal (transverse) planes
at right angles to both the median and coronal planes.
Terms Meaning Median on the midline.
Medial nearer to the median plane.
Lateral away from the median plane.
Anterior near to the front of the body.
Posterior near to the back of the body.
In the hand: Palmar:Dorsal:
anteriorposterior
In the foot:Plantar:
Dorsal:
anterior posterior
Paramedian plane medial
lateral
median
Proximal
Distal
Terms Meaning Proximal near to the root of the
limb.Distal Far away from the root
of the limb.
Superficial near to the surface of the body.
Deep far away from the surface of the body.
Superior near to the upper end
of the body.
Inferior far away from the upper end of the body.
Terms of movements
Joint: the site where 2 or more
bones meet.Movements in the sagittal plane:
1.Flexion: usually approximating
two anterior surfaces together
but sometimes two posterior
surfaces as in the knee joint.
2. Extension: straightening the joint
and usually takes place in a
posterior direction.
Movements in the coronal plane:1. Lateral flexion: movement of the
trunk or the head in the coronal plane.
2. Abduction: movement of the limb away from the midline of the body.
3. Adduction: movement of the limb toward the body.
In the hand: Abduction and adduction of fingers are
movements away from and toward the middle finger (the axis).
In the foot: Abduction and adduction of fingers are
movements away from and toward the second toe (the axis).
Terms Definit ions Rotation movement of a part of the body around its
long axis.
Medial rotation anterior surface of the part faces medially.
Lateral rotation anterior surface the part faces laterally
Pronation of the forearm
medial rotation of the forearm where the palm of hand faces posteriorly.
Supination of the forearm
the lateral rotation of the forearm where the palm of hand faces anteriorly.
Terms Definit ion
Circumduction
combination of flexion, abduction,
extension, and adduction in sequence.
Protraction forward movement Retraction Backward movement Inversion movement of the foot so that the sole
faces medially.Eversion movement of the foot so that the sole
faces laterally.
Movements of the thumbTerms Definit ion
Flexion movement of the thumb medially across the palm in the coronal plane.
Extension movement of the thumb laterally away from the palm in the coronal plane.
Abduction movement of the thumb anteriorly away form the palm in the sagittal plane.
Adduction movement of the thumb posteriorly toward the palm in the sagittal plane
THANK YOU