lect 2 what is clinical psychology posting.ppt
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
What is Clinical Psychology
Introduction to Clinical Psychology
Lecture 1
Dr. Reem Ibrahim AhmedDr. Reem Ibrahim Ahmed
1
![Page 2: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Clinical Psychology….Clinical Psychology….
Definition of clinical psychology According to the APA Division of Clinical Psych (Division 12):
The field of Clinical Psychology integrates science, theory, and practice to understand, predict, and alleviate maladjustment, and personal development.
2
![Page 3: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Clinical Psychology focuses on the intellectual, emotional, biological, psychological, social, and behavioral aspects of human functioning across the lifespan, in varying cultures, and at all economic levels.
3
![Page 4: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is Clinical Psychology?
What does all that mean? What does all that mean? In essence, we:• Work to understand why people have
psychological distress• Work to prevent emotional
disturbance/distress• Work to relieve emotional
disturbance/distress• Promote psychological well-being*• Promote personal development and
growth*
![Page 5: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What do you need to become a What do you need to become a clinical psychologists?clinical psychologists?
Most important aspect: Personal Attributes• Clinical Attitude/Approach -- use of
knowledge from research on human behavior and mental processes, along with individual assessment, in efforts to alleviate personal/emotional distress
• Deep interest and compassion for people• Integrity, emotional stability, and honesty• Sound judgment
![Page 6: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Training of a Clinical Psychologist• Undergraduate (typical): focus on
psychology• 4 (or more) years of graduate course work• Masters’ thesis or equivalent• Practicum training• Qualifying exam• Dissertation• Internship (typically one year)• State Licensing exam
6
![Page 7: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Activities and Work Settings Of Activities and Work Settings Of Clinical PsychologistsClinical Psychologists
• Research• Teaching• Psychotherapy• Assessment • Consultation• Administration
7
![Page 8: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What exactly does a clinical What exactly does a clinical psychologist do?psychologist do?
• Assessment—• collect information about people to in
essence diagnose problematic behavior, • describe a person’s personality
characteristics, • enhance personal well-being, determine
possible career options, • select employment candidates,
![Page 9: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• provide legal decisions (criminal responsibility, commitment to an institution, family reunification, fitness to return to society, etc.),
• determine readiness and effectiveness of treatment
9
![Page 10: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Treatment – • offer various interventions to resolve
emotional distress and psychological problems (psychotherapy); most commonly used therapeutic approaches are cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, and humanistic.
• Goals of treatment vary from person to person and are determined by clients and their therapists.
![Page 11: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• Treatment can be performed on an in-patient basis (psychiatric hospital) or out-patient basis (community mental health center, offices, etc.)
11
![Page 12: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• ResearchResearch -- conduct research to determine effectiveness of assessment and treatment procedures; understand etiology of psychological disorders in children and adults.
![Page 13: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• Teaching -- provide educational activities at universities, colleges, etc.. Provide supervision for student practicum sites.
• Consultation -- provide advice to organizations, health care providers, school systems, and governmental agencies
![Page 14: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Activities and Work Settings of Clinical Psychologists
Distinguishing Clinical Psychology from Related Professions
General Characteristics
14
![Page 15: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Clinical Psychology: General Characteristics
Emphasizes:ScienceMaladjustmentIndividual
15
![Page 16: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Emphasis on Science
Clinical psychology, as a subdiscipline within the science psychology, adheres to two important assumptions of science:
• Determinism-events have determinable causes
• Empiricism-events must be observable and measurable
16
![Page 17: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Emphasis on Maladjustment
• The concern is with the scientific understanding of abnormal behavior and emotional suffering
17
![Page 18: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Emphasis on the Individual
Clinical psychology uses research information gathered in groups of people to guide their work with individuals
18
![Page 19: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Emphasis on Helping
• Clinical psychologists help people in psychological distress
• Historically, helping was not the first emphasis of clinical psychology.
• Any guesses about the first emphasis of clinical psychology?
19
![Page 20: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Psychiatry• Undergraduate: focus on biology or chemistry• Medical school (one year)• Internship (one year)• Residency, specialty in psychiatry• (three years)• Board exams
20
![Page 21: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Overlap of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry
Both…• Diagnose• Treat using therapy (although training in
psychotherapy is more heavily emphasized for clinical psychologists)
21
![Page 22: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Clinical Psychology vs. PsychiatryClinical Psychology vs. Psychiatry
Clinical Psychologists
• Learn to think as researchers
• To evaluate findings
• To defend their views by citing data
Psychiatrists….• Learn facts and
use this knowledge to understand and treat patients
22
![Page 23: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Distinguishing Clinical Psychology from Distinguishing Clinical Psychology from Related ProfessionsRelated Professions
Last step in training in Clinical Psychology : Defend the dissertation
Last step in training in becoming a physician: Take the Hippocratic oath
23
![Page 24: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Distinguishing Clinical Psychology from Distinguishing Clinical Psychology from Related ProfessionsRelated Professions
Counseling Psychology• Most similar to clinical psychology• Training about the same• Counseling psychologists tend to deal
with problems of adjustment in healthy individuals
• Historically counseling psychologists worked within university counseling centers
24
![Page 25: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
• In last few decades, they have expanded their work setting to include private practice
• The valid distinction between the two fields is fading
25
![Page 26: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
School Psychology• Typically have a masters level of training• Typically work in school settings• Significant emphasis on
testing/assessment• Consultation with schools to improve
learning environments
26
![Page 27: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Social Work• 2 years of post B.A. training emphasizing
clinical work• Typically focus on working with the poor and
disenfranchised segments of the population• Work in settings dealing with many aspects of
a patient’s life and care such as social security, housing, food stamps, Medicare, arrangements for nursing homes, and foster care placement
• Emphasis on therapy, but not diagnostic training or emphasis on research
27
![Page 28: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Employment Settings for Clinical PsychologyEmployment Settings for Clinical Psychology• Psychiatric Hospitals 4%• General Hospitals 3%• Outpatient Clinics 4%• Community Mental Health Clinics 2%• Medical School 8%• Private Practice 39%• University, Psychology 18%• University, Other 4%• VA Medical Center 3%• Other 15%
![Page 29: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Summary: What is Clinical Psychology
• The field of Clinical Psychology integrates science, theory, and practice to understand, predict, and alleviate maladjustment, and personal development.
29
![Page 30: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
![Page 31: lect 2 What is Clinical Psychology posting.ppt](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022020217/55405f5d4a7959960d8b4a34/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31