lec 1-introduction (1)

8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)

1/20

Last Updated:February 10, 2015

SEPARATION PROCESS 1

LECTURE 1

INTRODUCTION


2/20


ECE 3223

Book: Transport Processes and Separation Process principles, 4 t Edition, C!"! #eankoplis, Unit operation o$ c e%icalen&ineerin& '())*+, !L!-cCa.e, "!C!S%it and P! /arriott

0ssess%ent: inal E2a% 3)Co5rse6ork 4)

Test 1, Test (, 0ssi&n%ent


3/20


Chemical engineering

7 C e%ical en&ineerin& is to, on an ind5strialscale, c an&e c e%icals into a %ore 5se$5l and8al5a.le $or%, appl9in& p 9sical, c e%icaland or .iolo&ical sciences!


4/20


Learning objectives

7 To introd5ce t e $5nda%ental o$ separation processes and an o8er8ie6 o$ t e s9lla.5s o$t e s5.;ect!


5/20


Learning o tcomes

7 On co%pletion o$ t is topic, st5dents s o5ld .ea.le to list do6n all .asic separation processesand t eir applications in t e ind5stries!


6/20


Se!aration Processes I

7 0s one o$ t e essential 5nit operation, se!aration !rocesses are applied in %ost o$t e %odern c e%ical, p ar%ace5tical and ot er process plants!

7 Con8entional separation processes incl5de distillation, a.sorption, adsorption, etc!7 Ne6er separation processes are like %e%.rane .ased tec ni


7/20Last Updated:February 10, 2015

Chemical Engineering $aterials

7 In all processes, %aterials are essential! or instance,

7 Nat5rall9 occ5rrin& ra6 %aterials

7 Plant or ani%al %atter

7 C e%ical inter%ediates

7 aste prod5cts

7 0ll o$ t e %aterials %entioned on a.o8e are mi%t res !7 In &eneral processes condition, minim m or ma%im m re& irement

re&ardin& one or %ore o$ t e co%ponents in t e %i2t5re is ine8ita.le!


8/20

Se!aration !rocesses

7 To ac ie8e t e p5rit9 de%ands, re%o8al o$ one or%ore o$ t e %aterials present in t e %i2t5re isnecessar9!

7 S5c a re%o8al is re$erred to as a Se!arationProcess !




E%am!le o' se!aration !rocesses

7 -i2t5res are a co%.ination o$ solids, lisolid %i2t5re!7 I%%isci.le li


10/20

Se!aration an( $ass Trans'er

7 In separation process, at least one o$ t eco%ponents %o8in& o5t o$ t e ori&inal s9ste%'%i2t5re+!

7 S5c a %otion is ter%ed as mass trans'er)7 -ass trans$er is t e dri8in& $orce .e ind %ost

separation processes!




*ail" $ass Trans'er Phenomenon


12/20


$ass trans'er in Se!aration !rocesses

7 -ass trans$er in separation processes is 6 en%ass is trans$erred $ro% one p ase to anot erand t e principle is t e sa%e 6 et er &ases,solids or li


13/20


Classi'ication o' Se!aration Processes

1! E8aporation7 @aporisation o$ one li


14/20



A! Distillation7 Partial 8aporisation o$ a %i2t5re, separation

ac ie8ed .9 8olatilit9 di$$erences7 Cr5de oil Petrol, diesel, LP# etc7 -et anol> ater %i2t5re7 Li


15/20



4! #as a.sorption7 0 co%ponent is re%o8ed $ro% a &as strea% .9

treat%ent 6it a li


16/20



*! Lili


17/20



! LiSolid leac in&7 0 sol5te is re%o8ed $ro% a solid .9 contactin& it

6it a li


18/20



! -ec anical p 9sical separations7 iltration7 Sedi%entation7 Centri$5&ation


19/20

+in( o t,

7 Relati8e 8olatilit97 Rao5ltFs la67

DaltonFs la67 @apor press5re



20/20


Re'erences

C! "! #eankoplis, Transport Processes and Separation Process

Principles, 4t Ed!, Prentice /all ())A! Sections 1)1-1)./.)1/.)2

! L! -cCa.e, "! C! S%it and P! /arriott: Unit Operations o$C e%ical En&ineerin&, t Ed!, -c#ra6 /ill, ())4!Cha!ters 1/ 10

Seader and /enle9, Separation Process Principles, (nd Ed!,ile9, ())3!

Sections 1) -1)3 3)1

lec 1-introduction (1)

Documents