Learning Style and Intelligence Chapter 3

What is learning style?

Your learning style is your learning preference.

How do you like tolearn?

Knowing about your learning style helps you to:• Be more productive at school and

on the job• Increase achievement• Be more creative• Improve problem solving• Make better decisions• Learn more effectively

Learning Style

• Visual• Auditory• Kinesthetic/Tactile

Learning Style Memory Exercise• 15 items will be passed around. Can

you remember them?

How did you remember the items?

Did you remember what you could see, feel, hear or touch?

What is your strongest preference?

Learning Style Exercise: The Paper Airplane

What worked best for you?

• Auditory• Visual• Or kinesthetic?

Visual Learners• Learn through seeing and reading• Prefer written directions• Often good readers

Visual Learners Learn Best With:• pictures• illustrations• photos• graphs• diagrams• maps

Visual Learning Techniques• Mental photograph or video• Flash cards• Highlighting• Draw pictures to remember• Use pictures or symbols in the

margin to remember• Draw a map or outline

Auditory Learners

• Learn through listening and talking• Remember what they hear better

than what they see

Auditory Learners: • Prefer to listen to instructions• Often like to talk on the phone

or listen to music• Learn best if they can hear and

see the assignment

Auditory Learning Techniques

• Discuss what you have learned withothers

• Participate in study groups• Recite aloud• Teach others what you have learned• Use flash cards and say the items• Use music in the background if it does not

distract you or use it as a break from studying

Kinesthetic/Tactile Learners

• Learn through doing• Remember hands on activities• Use their hands to build, create,

plant, draw or decorate

Kinesthetic/Tactile Learners:

• Learn the assignment best by using physical activity

Kinesthetic/Tactile Learning Techniques

• Read while walking or pacing• Study outside when practical• Take notes on lectures• Highlight or underline• Write summaries• Outline chapters• Think of practical applications

How does learning style affect career choice?

For example, an architect would probably have a strong preference for visual learning.

What would be the common learning preferences for most athletes?

Activity: Complete the Learning Style Quiz in the Textbook

Brainstorm: Learning Techniques

• Four groups:– Auditory– Visual– Tactile/kinesthetic– Combination types

• What learning techniques match these preferences? Write them on the board.

Productivity Environmental Preference Survey (PEPS)• Elements of learning style

– Environmental– Emotional– Sociological– Physical

Notice how these factors affect productivity at school as well as on the job.

Environmental• Sound• Light• Temperature• Design (formal or informal)

Emotional• Motivation• Persistence• Structure

Sociological• Alone/peer• Authority

Independent learningOnline learning

Instructor guided learningFace to face courses

Physical• Auditory• Visual• Tactile• Kinesthetic• Intake• Time of day• Mobility

How do these factors affect productivity at school and on the job?

Written Exercise• Understanding your Peps Learning

Style Inventory • What is your ideal environment for

learning and working?

Your Personality and Your Learning Style

For review, what is your personality type?

• Extravert or Introvert?• Sensing or Intuitive?• Thinking or Feeling?• Judging or Perceptive?

Learning Strategies for Different Personality Types

Extraverts

• Learn best when in action• Value physical activity• Like to study with others

Extravert• Learn by talking. • Discuss what you have learned with others.• Like variety and action. Take frequent breaks

and do something active.

Caution!

• Extraverts can get so distracted by activity and socialization that the studying does not get done.

Introverts

• Learn best by pausing to think• Value reading• Prefer to study individually• Need quiet for concentration

Introvert• Find a quiet place to study by

yourself.• Plan to study for longer periods of

time so you can concentrate.• Find places with minimal distractions

such as the library.• Turn off the phone.

Caution!

This type may miss out on sharing ideas with others and the fun and social life of college.

Sensing • Seeks specific information• Memorizes facts• Values what is practical• Follows instructions• Likes hands-on experience• Wants clear assignments

Sensing

• Good at mastering facts and details.• Think about practical applications to

motivate yourself. • Ask, “How can I use this.”

Caution!

This type may miss the big picture or general outline by focusing too much on the facts and details. Make a general outline to see the relationship and meaning of the facts.

INtuitive• Seeks quick insights• Uses imagination to go beyond the

facts• Values what is original• Likes theories• Reads between the lines• Independent thinkers

INtuitive• Good at learning concepts and

theories• Ask yourself, “What is the main

point?”

Caution!

• Since this type focuses on general concepts and theories, they are likely to miss the details and facts. To learn the details, organize them into broad categories that have meaning for you.

Thinking• Wants objective material to study• Logic guides learning• Likes to critique new ideas• Finds flaws in an argument• Learns by challenge and debate• Wants logical presentations

Thinking

• Thinking types are good at logic. • Ask yourself, “What do I think of

these ideas?”• Debate or discuss your ideas with

others.• Allow time to think and reflect on your

studies.

Caution!

• These types construct logical arguments and defend them. They may need to learn to respect the ideas of others, especially feeling types.

Feeling• Wants to be able to relate to the material

personally• Personal values are important• Likes to please instructors• Learns by being supported and appreciated• Wants faculty who establish personal rapport

with students

Feeling

• Search for personal meaning to motivate yourself.

• Help others to learn.• Whenever possible, choose classes

that relate to your personal interests.• Find a comfortable environment for

learning.

Caution!

• This type may neglect studies because of time spent in helping others.

• They may find it difficult to pay attention to material that is not personally meaningful.

Judging• Find ways to organize the material to

learn it easier.• If possible, select instructors who

present material in an organized way.• Set goals and use a schedule to

motivate yourself.• Use a daily planner or to-do list.

Caution!

• This type tends to be structured and controlled which can limit creativity.

• They may be in conflict with others who are less organized.

• They may be overachievers who get stressed easily.

Perceptive• Good at looking at the possibilities

and keeping the options open.• Allow time to be thorough and

complete your work.• Have fun while learning.• Study in groups with a mixture of

perceptive and judging types.

Caution!

• This type may work on too many projects at once.

• Work on managing your time to meet deadlines.

Personality

ANOTHER LOOK

USE 2 LETTERS

ARE YOU:

Group Activity: Divide into 4 GROUPS

SJ NTSP NF

Group Activity: Make a list of adjectives that describe your favorite teacher. Have the recorder write your responses on the board.

Here are some typical responses. Are yours similar?

SJ

SJ• Responsible Dependable• Fair Practical• Role model Prepared• Dedicated In Control • Experienced Organized • Take Charge Step by step • Specific Precise• To the Point Rewards for Good Work

SP

SP

Unpredictable Laid BackOpportunities ExplorationFun! EntertainingSense of Humor FlexibleInteresting VarietyOn the Go PatientDifferent Perspectives Try New Things

NF

NF

Open CreativeCalm HonestEmpathic PersonalMentor TutorCompassionate EnablerTolerant HelpfulRole Model Supportive

NT

NT

Knowledgeable ClearLogical Thinking CreativeCompetent FreedomAnalytical InquisitiveProblem Solving PreciseLab Experiences Praises IngenuityChallenging ThoroughAuthoritative Intelligent

What if your personality does not match the teacher’s personality?

Choose a different teacher..

What else?

• Adapt• Tolerate• Appreciate• Understand• Communicate

Group Activity: Adapting to Different Teaching Styles

Free Write• Describe your learning style.• How does your personality affect your

learning style?• How does learning style affect career

choice? For example, if you are a judging type who is good at details and organization, what career would match this type?

Multiple Intelligences

Multiple Intelligences• Developed by Howard Gardner• Defined as the human ability to solve

problems or design or compose things valued in at least one culture

• Broadens the scope of human potential

Learning Style• Intelligences put to work• Measured by your performance• You can develop these areas and

become competent in each one

MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES•Verbal/Linguistic•Logical-Mathematical•Musical•Visual/Spatial•Bodily/Kinesthetic• Intrapersonal• Interpersonal•Naturalist•Existential

Three Factors

• Heredity• Personal Life History• Cultural and historical background

Key Idea: You can develop your multiple intelligences.

Life History

• Crystallizers promote the development of the intelligence.

• Paralyzers inhibit the development of the intelligence.

What are some factors that affected your intelligences early in life?

Your textbook provides an opportunity to explore your multiple intelligences. Use the access code to take the MI Advantage.

Choose Your Career with Multiple Intelligence in Mind

Build on Your Strengths

MusicalListening to musicSinging or playing an instrumentRecognizing musical patterns

Musical Smart

CareersDisc JockeyMusic TeacherMusic RetailerMusic TherapistSingerSong WriterMusic CriticMusic Lawyer

Build on Your StrengthsInterpersonalCommunicationSocial skillsHelping othersResolve conflicts

People Smart

CareersCruise DirectorMediatorHuman ResourcesDental HygienistNursePsychologistSocial WorkerMarketerCounselor

Build on Your StrengthsLogical-MathematicalMath aptitudeInterest in scienceProblem solvingLogical thinking

Number Smart

CareersEngineerAccountantComputer AnalystPhysicianDetectiveResearcherScientistEconomist

Build on Your StrengthsSpatialVisualizationNavigationReadingWriting

Picture Smart

CareersArchitectArtistFilm animatorMechanicPilotWebmasterInterior decoratorGraphic artistPhotographer

Build on Your StrengthsBodily- KinestheticHand and eye coordinationAthleticsDanceDramaCookingLearning by doingBody Smart

CareersAthleteCarpenterCraftspersonMechanicJewelerComputer game designerFirefighterForest rangerPhysical therapist

Build on Your Strengths

LinguisticReadingWritingVocabularySpellingGood listenerGood memory

Word Smart

CareersJournalistWriterEditorAttorneyCuratorNewscasterPoliticianLibrarianComedian

Build on Your StrengthsIntrapersonalSelf-awareUnderstand emotionsIndependentSelf-motivated

Self Smart

CareersCareer counselorWellness counselor TherapistCriminologistIntelligence officerEntrepreneurResearcherActorArtist

Build on Your Strengths

NaturalistAware of natural surroundings

Preserve the environment

Nature Smart

CareersPark rangerDog trainerLandscaperMeteorologistVeterinarianAnimal health technicianEcologistWilderness guideEnvironmental lawyer

Build on Your Strengths

ExistentialQuestioningPurpose of lifeReligious beliefs

Curiosity Smart

CareersCounselorPsychologistPsychiatristSocial workerMinistryPhilosopherArtistScientistResearcher

Emotional Intelligence

Interpersonal + Intrapersonal

The ability to recognize, control, and evaluate your emotions while realizing how they affect other people

Emotional IntelligenceTwo Parts:

1. Understanding yourself, your goals, intentions, responses and behavior

2. Understanding others and their feelings

Emotional Intelligence

Emotional Intelligence

• Express yourself• Work as part of a team• Concentrate• Remember• Make decisions• Deal with stress• Overcome challenges• Deal with conflict • Empathize with others

How Can You Develop Emotional Intelligence?

Developing Emotional Intelligence• Use empathy.• Think about how your actions affect

others.• Be intellectually curious.• Give others credit for their

accomplishments.• Work on stress management.• Take a college course on verbal and

nonverbal communication.• Take responsibility for your actions.

These intelligences work together in complex ways to make us unique individuals.

Textbook Activity:Learning Style Applications

Keys to Success:Create Your Success

Create Your Success

• We make decisions and choices that create the future.

• Our behavior leads to our success or failure.

Sometimes we blame others

• My parents did it to me.• My teacher gave me a poor grade.• My boss gave me a poor evaluation.

When we take responsibility for our actions, we create our success.

Ask these questions:• How did I create this situation?• How can I make the best of it?• What can I do about it now?• If I didn’t create it, how do I choose to

react to it?

Caution!

• Sometimes you do not create it all. • You can still choose your attitude and

reaction to what has happened.

Steven Covey

• Author of Seven Habits of Highly Effective People.

• Chooses to use the word: response-ability

• Suggests that we use resourcefulness and initiative to create the future we want

5 Minute Quick Write Create Your Success