Learning Outcomes (Paediatrics for training MQE students)

A child presenting with developmental DelayLearning Outcomes

Describe the factors influencing normal development

Enumerate the causes of developmental delay

Describe developmental screening by history taking and physical examination

Describe the differentiating points of cerebral palsy, Down’s syndrome and cretinism

in history and physical finding

Describe and interpret the investigations to be performed to get to the diagnosis of

each condition

Discuss the management of cerebral palsy, Down’s syndrome and cretinism according

to the Malaysia protocol

A child presenting with convulsions

Learning Outcomes

Define convulsions

Briefly describe the pathophysiology of convulsions

Describe causes of convulsions in children (Afebrile and febrile)

Describe history taking and physical examination of a child with fever and

convulsions

Discuss the investigations and their findings in common conditions causing fever with

convulsions (febrile convulsions, acute pyogenic meningitis, TB meningitis, cerebral

malaria)

Discuss the detailed management of febrile convulsions, acute pyogenic meningitis,

TB meningitis

Describe history taking and physical examination of a child with afebrile convulsions

(Epilepsy)

Describe the management of epilepsy according to Malaysia protocol

A bleeding child

Learning Outcomes

Describe the normal mechanism of haemostasis

List the causes based on the changes in haemostatic mechanism

Describe history taking and physical examination of a child with bruises to arrive at

the diagnosis

Recognise the differentiation points (clinical features, investigation findings) of ITP,

aplastic anaemia, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and haemophillia

Describe the management of ITP, aplastic anaemia, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

and haemophillia

A child presenting with anaemia

Learning Outcomes

Define anaemia

Briefly describe the pathogenesis of anaemia

List the causes based on pathophysiology

Describe history taking and physical examination of a child with anaemia to arrive at

the diagnosis of common causes of anaemia in children

Describe investigations needed and their findings in common causes of anaemia in

children

Discuss the detailed management of thalassaemia

A child presenting with oedema

Learning Outcomes

Discuss the pathophysiology of oedema

Enumerate the causes of oedema based on pathophysiology

Describe history taking and physical examination on a child with oedema

Describe the differentiating points in history, physical findings and investigation

findings of acute glomerulonephrtitis and nephrotic syndrome

Describe the detailed management of acute glomerulonephritis

Describe the detailed management of nephrotic syndrome

A child presenting with failure to thrive

Learning Outcomes

Define failure to thrive

Describe the factors influencing growth of a child

Enumerate the (common) causes of failure to thrive according to the influencing

factors

Describe the history taking, physical examination and investigation of a child with

failure to thrive

Acute Gastroenteritis

Learning Outcomes

Define and classify diarrhoea

Describe history taking, physical examination and assessment of dehydration

Describe the complications of diarrhoea

Describe the investigations and interpretation of results

Describe management (Plan A,B,C)

A dyspnoeic child

Learning Outcomes

Briefly describe the pathophysiology of dyspnoea

Enumerate the causes of dyspnoea based on pathophysiology

Describe history taking and physical examination to arrive at the diagnosis of common

respiratory and cardiac causes

Describe the management of heart failure

Describe the management of ventricular septal defect, patent ductusarteriosus, TOF

Describe the management of rheumatic vulvular heart diseases

A child presenting with cough an difficult breathing

Learning Outcomes

Describe the causes of cough and difficult breathing in a child

Describe the history taking and physical examination to arrive at the diagnosis of

common causes of cough with difficult breathing

Describe the investigations and their findings in common diseases causing cough with

difficult breathing

Describe the management of pneumonia and bronchiolitis according to the Malaysia

protocol

A child with recurrent wheeze

Learning Outcomes

Enumerate the causes of recurrent wheezing in children based on pathogenesis

Describe history taking and physical examination to differentiate the common causes

of recurrent wheezing

Describe history taking and physical examination and investigation in a child with

asthma

Describe the detailed management of asthma according to Malaysia protocol

DHF/DSS

Learning Outcomes

Explain the pathophysiology of dengue shock syndrome

Describe the diagnosis (clinical features, investigations) of DHF/DSS

Describe the management of DHF/dengue shock syndrome

A child presenting with jaundice

Learning Outcomes

Briefly describe the pathophysiology of jaundice in children

Enumerate the causes of jaundice based on pahthophysiology

Describe history taking and physical examination of a child with jaundice to arrive at

the diagnosis of common diseases

State the investigations and findings of common causes of jaundice

Describe the detailed management of viral hepatitis

A child presenting with fever with rash

Learning Outcomes

Describe the causes of fever with rash

Identify the types of rashes

Describe history taking and physical examination to arrive at the diagnosis of Measles,

Chickenpox, Rubella and Kawasaki’s disease

Describe the investigations and their findings in Measles, Chickenpox, Rubella and

Kawasaki’s disease to confirm diagnosis

Describe the management of Measles Chickenpox and Kawasaki’s disease

A neonate presenting with respiratory distress

Learning Outcomes

Define respiratory distress in newborns

Briefly describe the pathogenesis of respiratory distress in newborns

Describe the causes of respiratory distress in newborns

Describe the diagnosis of common causes of respiratory distress in newborns

Discuss the investigations and their findings in common conditions causing respiratory

distress

Prolonged neonatal jaundice

Learning Outcomes

Define prolonged jaundice

Classify prolonged jaundice

Enumerate the causes based on classification

Discuss differential diagnosis

Neonatal jaundice

Learning Outcomes

Describe the bilirubin metabolism

Discuss the pathophysioly of neonatal jaundice

List the causes of jaundice based on pathophysiology

Describe history taking and physical examination to arrive at the diagnosis of common

conditions causing neonatal jaundice

State the investigations and their findings in common conditions causing neonatal

jaundice

Describe the management of neonatal jaundice

Infants of diabetic mother

Learning Outcomes

Define infants of diabetic mother

Describe the features of IDA

Describe the complications of IDA