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    Copyright 2011, , . . .

    , ,

    ,

    .

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    1. ..............7 ..............................................................................................9 1. ......................................................................11 2. .........................................................17 3. .....................................22

    ...........................................................................................................................26 2. ............................................................27 ............................................................................................29 1. ............................................................30 2. ..................................................................33 3. , ................44

    ...........................................................................................................................55 3. ..............................57 ............................................................................................59 1. ..................................................................60 2. ..............................................65

    ...........................................................................................................................69 4. ...............................................................71 ............................................................................................73 1. ........................................................................................74 2. ..................................................................78 3. ...................................................80

    ...........................................................................................................................85 5. .....................................................87 ............................................................................................89 1. ..................................................................................90 2. ..........................................................98 3. ...............................104

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    491 - ......................................................................................................111

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    1.

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    ,

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    1.

    :

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    .

    1.1

    .

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    -

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    1.2

    ,

    .

    Atkinson Shiffrin (1968) .

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    : ATKINSON, R.C. & SHIFFRIN, R.M.(1968). Human Memory: A proposed System and itsControl Processes, The psychology of learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and

    Theory, 2. New York: Academic Press.

    1.

    ,

    .

    (short term memory) 1

    , (long term

    memory) .

    1 , ,

    .

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    : Vellutino, F.R. (1979). Dyslexia: Theory and Research. Cambridge, Mass: The MIT Press, .57.

    2.

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    1.3

    ,

    . ,

    . Orton

    . Vellutino (1979)

    :

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    2 WISC-III3,

    .

    2 , .3 WISC-III , WechslerIntelligence Scale for Children. 1991 (WISC-III) 1992 (WISC-III) , David Wechsler. Wechsler, . WISCIII 13 (10 , 2 1 ) (, ,

    , ..) , , WISCIII 6 16 , .

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    2.

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    2.1

    4

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    (phonemes).

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    (grapheme), .

    .

    4 (phonological deficit hypothesis) (phonological processing)

    (phonological awareness) ,()... ///

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    18

    3.

    2.2

    .

    , .

    (phonological

    awareness) :

    (alphabetic mapping), (phonological decoding), (verbal short memory) (name encoding and retrieval).

    (.. ) (.. )

    .

    , ,

    , 5.

    .

    Grigorenko

    , ,

    , . ,

    5 , , , ( y) (yellow try).

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    . ,

    6

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    ()

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    .7 .. , .

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    20

    .

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    Uta Frith (1981)

    ,

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    Frith

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    Frith (1997)

    (1998)

    4.

    Frith

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    3.

    :

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    3.1

    (metacognition)

    (, , , , ),

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    23

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    24

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    25

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    , . ,

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    1.

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    1.2

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    1.3

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    32

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    2.

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    35

    .

    2.3

    ,

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    2.3.1 WISC III

    .

    .

    .

    WISC III (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for

    Children),

    1991 1992,

    Wechsler. ,

    . WISC III 13 12

    12 10 , 2 1 .

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    36

    ,

    ,

    . WISC III

    6 16

    - :

    13 ( - ).

    (scaled score)

    (test age). 13

    , 13 10

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    . 100 15 -

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    1. WISC III

    * **

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    85 115.14 11 (.. .. > 11).

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    (visual association).

    .

    (verbal expression). .

    (manual expression). .

    (auditory memory).

    .

    (visual memory).

    .

    (grammatic closure).

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    . (visual closure).

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    (sound blending).

    .

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    2.3.3

    ,

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    , - .

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    3. ,

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    3.2

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    3.3

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    (. 2)

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    48

    2.

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    49

    5.

    3.3.3

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    ( download link )

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    24,

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    . ,

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    53

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    , ,

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    491 -

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    61

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    , ,

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    64

    1.6 Orton Dyslexia Society

    Orton Dyslexia Society

    .

    :

    (multidisciplinary approach),

    (meaningbased approach),

    (structured and sequential teachingsystem),

    (alphabeticphonic approach),

    (systematic learning procedure),

    (individualized teaching),

    (multisensory approach),

    (cumulative approach) (positive

    reinforcement).

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    2.

    ,

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    66

    .

    2.1.1

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    33

    .

    1.

    ( download link )

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    33 , , , , .34 . (), () ().

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    67

    35

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    36,

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    ( download link

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    ).

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    69

    :

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    Orton DyslexiaSociety,

    ,

    .

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    70

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    491 -

    4.

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    1.

    (process)

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    75

    1.2

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    76

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    41.

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    39 (hyperlexia). , ,

    .40 3.41 .

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    77

    .

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    42

    :

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    42 () ( ). (graphemes) (phonemes) , . , (

    ) () ( ).

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    78

    2.

    (phonological awareness)

    .

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    .

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    43

    ,

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    43 , , , : / /-// -// -//.

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    , ,

    , .

    , ,

    .

    1.

    //-//

    // - //

    -- =

    ----=

    -

    (,

    , )

    () ()

    () ()

    +=

    +=

    =

    =

    - -

    - -

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    80

    3.

    .

    .

    3.1

    . 44

    .

    ,

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    .

    , 45

    46.

    .

    , :

    44. // .

    45, , .46, ,, , .

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    81

    ,

    , 47

    .

    3.2

    ,

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    48

    ,

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    49.

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    47 , . , (,), .48 (). , (, , ) (, , ) (, ,).49

    . , //// + //. //, // .

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    82

    3.3

    ,

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    50,

    51

    52 .

    50 , , , ,, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , .51, () ().

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    83

    53

    .

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    3.4

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    53 . , ,

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    84

    ,

    54.

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    85

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    491 -

    5.

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    , , ,

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    Kosc

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    90

    1.

    .

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    )

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    .

    55

    (Acquired Dyscalculia) ,

    . , ,

    .

    1.1

    Gerstmann

    55, ,

    . , , .

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    91

    .

    Gerstmann (Gerstmann syndrome)

    : (finger agnosia),

    (left right disorientation),

    (dysgrafia/ agrafia) (dyscalculia56/ acalculia).

    Gerstmann (1957) (Gerstmann syndrome)

    .

    1968

    R. Cohn Archives of Neurology,

    . ,

    ,

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    , . (1996), , , ,: , ,

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    , . & . , (.),

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    Symposium of Theoretical and Applied Linguistics selected papers, (. 491

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    , .. & , .., (2003), , .

    ..,

    2000 - 2006 :

    , .

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    , , 43: 41-49. , ., (2003),

    , , 56.

    , . (2002), . . , , .

    , .. (1998),, 4, , . , ., (2004), , , . , ., (1999),

    , ..., .

    , .,(2000), , , .

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    , .., (2002), , . , . , .., (2003),

    ( ,

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    , . & . , (.),

    , (. 128 141), ,

    .

    , . & , .,(2003),

    , E. Mela Athanasopoulou, (.), The 15th International

    Symposium of Theoretical and Applied Linguistics selected papers, (. 491

    509), , , .

    , ., (1999), , ..., .

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