Learning aims:

1 to learn what first aid is

2 to understand the passage “First Aid for Burns”

3 to know how to give first aid for burns

Read the new words and say their meanings:

1.temporary: (adj.)

2.essential: (adj.)

3.organ: (n)

4.layer: (n)

5.barrier: (n)

6.complex: (adj.)

7.variety: (n)

8. heal: (v)

9.swollen:(adj)

10. blister: (n)

11.vital:(adj)

12.bandage:(n)

13.char:(v)

14.infection:(n)

15.label:(v)

16.in place

临时的不可缺少的

器官层

屏障，障碍

复杂的多样化

康复

肿胀的水泡

至关重要的绷带烧焦

传染，感染

标记，分类在适当的位置

What’s first aid?

Warming up:

1 … a temporary form of help

According to scientific research, the first 4 minutes after an accident is the golden time to save one’s life, so proper first aid sometimes can save someone.

2 …who suddenly falls ill or gets injured

3 … before a doctor can be found.

Ex. 1

1.The functions of the skin

2.How we get burns

3.The three types of burns

4.The symptoms of burns

5.What to do if someone gets burned

The text can be divided into 5 parts.

Part 1

Part 2

Part 3

Part 4

Part 5

the three layers of skin act as a barrier against

①__________________

②__________________

③__________________

the functions of skin

①__________________

②__________________

③__________________

④__________________

disease

poisons

the sun’s harmful rays

keep warm or cool

prevent from losing water

feel cold, heat or pain

your sense of touch

Part 1 functions/importance of skin (3 mins)

What’s the purpose of para.1?To tell us the skin is essential, and once burned, it

can be serious.

Part 2 What can cause burns? (2mins)

hot liquids steam fire

the sun electricity chemicals

radiation

effect recovery time examples

the top layer

the top and the second layer

all three layers, tissue and organs under the skin

within a day or two

mild sunburn a hot pan, stove or iron

a few weeks

severe sunburn, hot liquids

electric shocks, burning clothes , severe petrol fires

types

first degree burns

second degree burns

third degree burns

Part3 types of burns (3mins)

Part4 characteristics of burns (3mins)

blisters, swollen

mildly swollen

tissue can be seen.

First degree burns

second degree burns

third degree burns

Degree Reason

picture A

Picture B

Picture C

Part 5 First aid treatment Ex. 4--discussion

1.Wrong: Sam should not have broken the blisters because the burns could become infected. He should have poured cool water, not icy water on the burn. The correct treatment for a second degree burn like Sam’s is described in No 2 of the exercise.

2.Right

3.Wrong: Mr Casey was right to take his wife’s blouse off but he should not have picked bits of blouse off the burn. This is because if you pull material that is stuck off a third degree burn like

Mrs Casey’s, you would pull the tissue under the material off too. This would cause more damage to the burn. He should not have put butter on the burn because it would have stopped the heat from escaping and it might also cause the burn to become infected. He should not have put a wet bandage on the burn. The correct first aid treatment for a third degree burn is to remove clothing and jewellery near the burn but not if the clothing is stuck to the burn. Do not put cold water on the burn. Place clean, dry cloths over the damaged area. Get the person to a hospital at once.

4. Right

Ex. 3

1.Because the cold water stops the burning process, stops the pain and reduces the swelling.

2.Because in a third degree burn the nerves have been damaged. It there are no nerves, there is no pain.

3.Because bacteria from the clothes and jewellery could infect the burns.

4.Because all the layers of the skin have been burnt showing the tissue underneath.

1. ________ clothing and jewelry near the burns.2. ______ the burns with cool but not icy water.3. ______ cool, clean wet cloths on the burns.4. ______ the burned area gently.5. ______ the burned area with a dry clean ban

dage.6. ______ the burned area ______ than the hear

t, if possible.7. ______ the victim ____the doctor or hospital,

if the injuries are second or third degree burns.

Take off

Cool

Place

Dry Cover

Keep higher

Get to

Summary: Dos and don’ts of treatment for burns

Don'ts

1. Do not ________ the clothing that is stuck to the burns.2. Do not cool the burns with _____ water.3. Do not ____ butter, oil, ointment on burns.4. Do not ____ the burns violently. It will break the blisters.

remove

icyput

rub

Phrases ：

1. get/be injured 受伤

2. give/perform first aid 实施急救

3. if possible 如果可能的话 if necessary 如果必要的话

4. sth happen to sb 某人发生某事

5. make a list of… 列一个……的清单

6. act as 充当；扮演

7. a barrier against… 抵抗……的屏障

8. prevent/stop/keep … from doing… 阻止……做某事

9. sense of touch 触觉

10 as you can imagine 正如你所想象的

11 a variety of : various 各种各样的

12 be/get close to 靠近

13 depend on 依靠；依赖；取决于

14 by doing 通过做……

15 take some time to do 做某事需要多少时间

16 be caused by 由……导致的 / 引起的

17 stick to 粘到……上面；坚持 stick--stuck--stuck

stick to one’s opinion 坚持己见

a walking stick 手杖

18 take off 脱下

19 running water 流动的自来水

20 stop the burning process 组织烧伤的进程

21 put…on…= place… on… 把……放到……上面

22 get/be infected 受到感染 cause infection 导致感染

23 cover… with … 用……覆盖……

24 hold … in place… 把……固定（在适当的位置）

25 sit up 坐起来

26 get sb to sp 把某人送到某地

Sentence patterns:

1.Examples include…

2.It is best to do…

3.It is vital (for sb) to do…

Skimming (3mins)Read the title, the first paragraph, and the subtitle ( 副标题 ) of each paragraph

The passage can be divided into ____parts

Part 1.

Part 2.

Part 3.

Part 4.

Part 5

the functions/importance of skin

causes of burns

types of burns

characteristics of burns

first aid treatment

5

Tip: While reading for main idea, focus on the topic sentence and the subtitle of each paragraph.

Part4 characteristics of burns (3mins)

blisters, swollen

mildly swollen

tissue can be seen.

First degree burns

second degree burns

third degree burns

A

B

C

Degree Reason