learning about language. meaning for multi- words multicultural multicolored multinational...
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Learning about language Learning about language
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Meaning for multi- words
multicultural
multicolored
multinational
multimedia
multistory
multichannel
including many cultures
made of many colorsincluding many nationsusing many mediahaving many stories
having many channels
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More words formed using multi-
multiform
multitrack
Multifaith
Multimember
existing in many formsmade of many tracks
including many religions/faithsmade of many members/people
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Meaning for -wards words
eastward(s)
forward(s)
upward(s)
outward(s)
downward(s)
backward(s)
to the east
ahead, to the frontto higher position/level out, in a direction awayto lower position/level
to the rear, to the back
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Meaning for -wards words
westward(s)
southward(s)
northward(s)
inward(s)
toward(s)
to the west
to the southto the north
to the insidein a direction to
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Answer key for Exercise 2:
1. baggage 2. minister
3. quiz 4. chat
5. aboard 6. scenery
7. slightly 8. surround
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同位语从句
1. 同位语从句一般跟在某些名词如 idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order 等的后面,用以说明或解释该名词的具体内容。如 :The news that his heath is failing made us sad. I have no idea where they are spending their holidays.
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2. 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开,以使整个句子结构显得平衡。如: He got the news from Mary that the
meeting was put off.
Word came that Hussein had been
captured.
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3. 同位语从句通常由 that 引导,但that 不在从句中充当成分,也不能省略;同位语从句也可以由whether, when, where, how 等引导。如:They raised the question where we
should go.
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4. 引导同位语从句表示“是否”时,只能用 whether 而不用 if 。
5. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别:① 从词类上区别:同位语从句前面的名
词只能是 idea, fact, news, hope,
belief, suggestion 等;而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词,也可以是整个句子。
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②从性质上区别:同位语从句是名词性从句,其作用相当于一个名词,是对前面的名词作进一步解释、说明;定语从句的作用相当于一个形容词,用来修饰前面的名词、代词或句子。
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③从引导词及其在句中的成分上区别 : 有些引导词如 how, whether 等可以引导同位语从句 , 但不能引导定语从句。定语从句的引导词均在从句中充当特定的句子成分。如 :I won’t believe the fact that he lied to his mother. (that 引导同位语从句,对 fact 进行说明 , that 不充当句子成分。 )I won’t believe the fact (that) he told me. (that 引导定语从句 , 对 fact 进行限定, that 在从句中充当宾语。 )
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I. 在空格处填上适当的词,使下列定语从句和同位语从句完整。1. This is the mountain village _____ I
stayed last year.
2. I’ll never forget the days _____ I
worked together with you.
3. Please pass me the book _____ cover is
green.
where
when
whose
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4. Is this the reason ____ he refused our
offer?
5. The person to _____ you spoke is a
famous actor.
6. She sat on the corner of the table near
the door by _____ her husband always
entered.
7. The white flower is the only one ____ I
really like.
why
whom
which
that
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8. The news was very exciting ___ our
class had won the football match.
9. They are familiar with the opinion ____
all matter consists of atoms.
10. The question ___________________
we shall have a meeting hasn’t been
decided.
11. They told the policeman the fact ___
they had nothing to do with the
murder.
that
that
where / when / whether
that
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12. All agreed to his suggestion ___ a
bridge across the river be built.
13. The question ____ should do the
work requires consideration.
14. This is our only request ___ this
(should) be settled as soon as possible.
15. Word came ___ our Chinese women
team had beaten Japanese.
that
who
that
that
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1. 我不知道怎样到达火车站。 I have no idea how I can get to the
railway station.
2. 我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。 The news that our team has won the
final match is encouraging.
II. 用同位语从句翻译下列句子。
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3. 人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。 People used to hold the opinion that
the earth was the center of the
universe.
4. 没有人对他将成为他们的老板这一事实感到高兴。
No one is happy with the fact that he
will become their boss.
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5. 我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。 The question when we will start the
work is not decided .
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1. The fact ____ she works hard is well
known to us all.
A. that B. what C. why D. which
2. The fact ____ he was successful
proves his ability.
A. that B. what C. which D. why
A
A
III. Choose the correct answer.
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3. The news ____ he was kidnapped
surprised us greatly.
A. what B. that C. why D. when
4. His suggestion ____ the meeting be
delayed was turned down.
A. which B. that C./ D. it B
B
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5. I have no idea ____ he will start.
A. when B. that C. what D./
6. I've come from the government with
a message ____ the meeting won't be
held tomorrow.
A. if B. that C. whether D. which B
A
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7. The thought ____ he might fail in the
exam worried him.
A. when B. which
C. what D. that
8. The order ____ the prisoner be set
free arrived too late.
A. which B. whether
C. that D. what
D
C
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9. The nurses are trying their best to
reduce the patient's fear ____ he
would die of the disease.
A. that B. as
C. of which D. which
A
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10. He often asked me the question
____ the work was worth doing.
A. whether B. where
C. that D. when
11. The other day, my brother drove
his car down the street at ____ I
thought was a dangerous speed.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
A
B
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11. Along with the letter was his promise
____ he would visit me this coming
Christmas.
A. which B. that
C. what D. whether
B
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13. Luckily, we'd brought a road map
without ____ we would have lost
our way.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
14. Do you have any idea ___ is
actually going on in the
classroom?
A. that B. what C. as D. which
D
B
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15. One of the men held the view ___ the
book said was right.
A. that B. what that
C. that what D. whether
that 引导同位语从句,补充说明view; what 引导主语从句并在同位语从句中作主语。
C
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16. A story goes ____ Elizabeth I of
England liked nothing more than
being surrounded by clever and
qualified noblemen at court.
(04, 上海 )
A. when B. where
C. what D. thatD
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17. Along with the letter was his
promise ____ he would visit me
this coming Christmas. (04, 上海 )
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. whether
B
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18. There is a new problem involved in
the popularity of private cars ___
road conditions need ____. (03, 上海 )
A. that; to be improved
B. which; to be improved
C. where; improving
D. when; improving
A
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19. There is a feeling in me _____ we’ll
never know what a UFO is—not
never.
A. that B. which
C. of which D. what
A
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20. I have no idea ____ we can
spend our holiday.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. what
A
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21. The news ____ he told us
yesterday is not true, but the
news ____ our team has won the
match is true.
A. /; that
B. that; /
C. that; which
D. that; who
A
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22. The question occurred to me ____
the book was worth reading.
A. what
B. whether
C. which
D. if
B
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Thank you!