lar cryogenic system for near detector

Min Jeong Kim

ArgonCube Collaboration Meeting

21-23 March 2019

LAr Cryogenic System for Near Detector

• Introduction of team at Fermilab

• Current proposal for the design of LAr cryogenic system

– Key design requirements (ArgonCube & PRISM)

– Design strategy

– Process flow diagram (PFD)

– Components for LAr cryogenic system

– Determination of refrigerator capacity

• LAr recirculation scheme proposed

• Topics currently working on

• Summary and comments

• Backup slides

Outline

3/21/2019 Min Jeong Kim | LAr Cryogenic System for ND (Presented in ArgonCube Collaboration Meeting)2

• Team consisting of people from Neutrino Division (ND), Technical Support Department (TSD), LAr Detector Engineering Group.

• Min Jeong Kim ([email protected]): Leading engineering team.

– Engineering Physicist (Ph. D. in Physics).

– Prior experience in Neutrino Experiments (since 2015):

• LBNF/DUNE: Conceptual design for Far Detector Cryogenic System.

• SBN/SBND: Served as cryostat and interface managers, and worked as a member of installation/integration coordination team.

• Mechanical Engineers (with a good skill set in Cryogenic Engineering):

– Kathrine Cipriano ([email protected])

– Fritz Schwartz ([email protected])

– Michael Zuckerbrot ([email protected])

– Sai Manohari Kancharla ([email protected])

• Electrical Engineer (working on cryogenic control system):

– Trevor Nichols ([email protected])

• Same team also working on the ArgonCube 2x2 test stand in MINOS hall (See presentation by Ting Miao).


Introduction of Team at Fermilab

mailto:[email protected]







Key Design Requirements (ArgonCube & PRISM)• Cryostat design with a window-like wall at downstream to reduce the

radiation length/thickness along the beam direction.

• A set of cryogenic equipment moving (continuously or discretely) with the cryostat and detector.

• Minimum space requirement between modules inside membrane cryostat: very challenging.

• ArgonCube module support from cryostat top and bottom.

• Ability to isolate a contaminated module (it will also depend on the success of work associated with the ArgonCube module design and construction), not only the design of cryogenic system.

• No cold extraction/insertion of modules at Fermilab due to the Fermilab safety regulations.

→ We have been making a good progress since September 2018 via working group meetings with University of Bern. But, there are still many topics and parameters to clarify to complete a list of requirements for the design of cryostat and cryogenic system.

• Strategy:

‒ Use of proven technology from the prior experiments:

Reliability

Carrying lessons learned into designs

Operational experience with this type

Potential cost savings in design

‒ Use of the 2x2 test stand as a test bed for choosing technology and features for DUNE Near Detector.

‒ Keep the link between the 2x2 test stand and Near Detector for the ArgonCube module design and try out before production as much as possible.

• Next slide shows a design with consideration of current constraints on the ND hall size (see presentation by Alan Bross).

Current Proposal for LAr Cryogenic System Design


Current Proposal for LAr Cryogenic System Design


Process Flow Diagram (PFD)

• Components at surface (on a hardstand of 8 m x 14 m size, close to the surface building):

– 30,000 Liter LAr storage dewar:

Buffer for filling; vacuum jacketed transfer line to cavern.

Need for cryogenic process such as regeneration, makeup gas, etc.

– 70,000 Liter LN2 storage dewar:

Refrigerant deliveries with vacuum jacketed transfer line to cavern.

Sized for about a week of inventory.

• Components in cavern:

– Condenser and LN2 phase separator for cooling

– Purification system: use of proven technology through the prior experiments at Fermilab, such as LAPD, 35-ton, and MicroBooNE.

– LAr re-circulation system: an external pump with cryostat side penetration if possible

– Pressure relief valves

– Purity monitors

– Regeneration system: It can be put at surface.

– Gas analyzer system

– Cryogenic process control system

Components for LAr Cryogenic System


• Estimation of total heat load: 15-20 kW

– Heat leak though the cryostat wall and cryostat floor: 1.8 kW

Estimation with 60 cm cryostat foam insulation

(K = 0.0283 W/m-K)

– Heat load from ArgonCube Modules: 9.5 kW for 35 modules

• Field Shaping Cell (with 100 mΩ/sq sheet; under electric field of 500 V/cm): 225 W / module

• Pixel Readout: 40 W / module

• Light Detection: 5 W / module

– Heat leak through module roof: under estimation

Adding vacuum insulation to minimize heat leak

– Cryogenic system, miscellaneous: 4.2 kW


Determination of Refrigerator Capacity

• With successful tests at the 2x2 test stand, the scheme using a connection at the bottom of module could be adopted for DUNE Near Detector (Goal).

• Prerequisite/assumption: ArgonCube modules and these connections can be designed and constructed leak tight.

LAr Recirculation Scheme Proposed


• Our engineering team is working on cryogenic system designs for both DUNE Near Detector and the 2x2 test stand.

• DUNE Near Detector:

‒ We have a conceptual design.

‒ Working on the equipment sizing and P&ID.

‒ Determination of pipe chase cross section (sizing for argon and nitrogen supply and vent lines) to provide input for the conventional facility.

• The 2x2 test stand:

‒ We have a conceptual design.

‒ Working on the equipment sizing and P&ID.

‒ Determination of gas ullage space depth in consideration of cryogenic operation and requirements from high-voltage probe.

‒ Performing FEA analysis (details on the next slide)


Topics Currently Working On

• FEA thermal analysis to determine the parameters associated with ArgonCubemodule design

– Optimization of vacuum insulation space for the reduction of heat leak through the cryostat roof and for keeping the outer surface of the module above dew point

– For the 2x2 test stand, determination of additional (foam) insulation needed to cover the top of cryostat (perimeter around modules) to reduce the total heat leak further.

• FEA analysis to define the condition of pressure tests on Bern cryostat at FNAL (proof test required by engineering standards and codes).


Topics Currently Working On (continued)

vacuum insulation

spaceperimeter

around modules

• We made a good progress on the conceptual design of cryogenic systems.

• We are moving toward more detailed design for the 2x2 test stand as a test bed for Near Detector.

• Going forward, we need to agree on the key design requirements for the design of cryostat, cryogenic system and ArgonCubemodules.

• We would like to reduce the total heat load from ArgonCubemodules. This will help us to reduce the space requirements for cryogenic infrastructure as well as capital investment on the cryogenic system and cost associated with operations.

• We plan to work closely with detector design team to understand clearly the interfaces.

Summary and Comments


• Near Detector cryostat drawings and images from a simple 3D model

• Cryogenic system design for the 2x2 test stand in MINOS hall

• SBND Hardstand

Backup Slides

3/21/2019 Min Jeong Kim | LAr Cryogenic System for ND (Presented in ArgonCube Collaboration

Meeting)

13

Membrane Cryostat


ArgonCube Modules in 5 x 7 Configuration

Cryogenic System Design for 2x2 Test Stand in MINOS


SBND Hardstand


lar cryogenic system for near detector

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