Landscapes

Landscape Development

• Landscapes:• A region on Earth’s surface in which

various landforms are related by a common origin.

Factors That Impact Landscape Development

• Climate

• Local Bedrock

• Geologic Structures

• Human Activities

Types of Landscape Regions• Mountains:• Has the greatest relief between the highest peak and the

deepest valley.• Relief: (change in elevation from the highest point to the

lowest point)• RELIEF:

10m

0m

10m - 0m = 10m

HOW ARE MOUNTAINS CREATED?

• A daddy mtn and a mommy mtn fall in love and because they love each other so much…….

•MR. O’D!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Hey Mama!!!!

HEHEHE• Tectonic forces push Earth up to create a

mtn.

• Convergent plate boundary

Plateau

• A plateau landscape is often relatively flat or rolling uplands that streams have cut valleys into.

• Rock structure:• “It’s sedimentary my dear Watson” • Smaller relief than mtns• Larger than plains• Examples of plateaus: • Colorado Plateaus near the Grand Canyon

Plains

• Plains are generally flat and are at a lower elevation.

• Rock Structure: flat layers of sedimentary rocks.

• Midwest and Florida

Landscapes and Culture

• Landscapes help shape the culture of an area.

• Physical boundaries can help bring together communities for a common need or shut off a community.

Climate and Landscapes• Landscapes in moist environments are

generally rounded.

• (Chemical Weathering, Good Soil)

• Those is arid environments show sharp angles and steeper slopes.

• (Physical Weathering, Not Enriched Soil)

Drainage Patterns

• Drainage Patterns: The way water runs off of a landscape.

• Rule of thumb:

• Streams will tend to follow zones of weaker rocks.

Four Types of Drainage Patterns1. Dendritic:

• Branching

• Usually found on flat laying rock or uniform rock.

• Ex. Appalachian Plateau near Oneonta

2. Radial• Rolls off of a dome

• Usually found by a circular volcano or dome mountain.

• Ex. The rim of the Adirondacks

3. Rectangular• Follows zone of weaker rocks in

rectangular patterns.

• Usually found in faulted, tilted or folded rock layers.

• Ex. Finger Lakes and the Central Adirondacks.

4. Annular• Circles, then down, circles, then down.

• Usually found when you have a dome with upturned layers.

• Ex. Esopus Creek near Phoenicia, NY.

New York and the Ice Ages• New York was covered with glaciers

• Alpine glaciers: valley glaciers, these are the ones that make U shaped valleys and move due to their weight and the slope of the land they are on.

• Continental glaciers: ice sheets that move solely on their own weight.

• The Finger Lakes were created by advancing glaciers.

Erosion and Deposition by Glaciers

• Erosion: takes away from the land

• Ex. Finger Lakes

• Deposition: adds to the land

• Ex. Drumlin: tear shaped hills created in front of the advancing glacier.

• Ex. Moraines: plies of unsorted soil and rocks left where the glacier stopped advancing. (Long Island shows this)

Drumlin

Terminal Moraine

Kettle Lakes• : when buried blocks of ice cause a

depression in the ground and it fills with water.