Landscape Plans

By: Johnny M. JessupAgriculture Teacher/FFA

Advisor

Sequential Plans

• Types of Sequential Plans• Functional Diagrams• Preliminary Designs• Final Plans

• Each is increasingly more specific and detailed.

Functional Diagrams

• They begin the arrangement of the client's program on the site.

• Are called “bubble diagrams” because….• They use loosely drawn freeform

shapes to represent areas or shapes.• Help the designer make decisions

concerning layout and sizes and the use of each area.

Functional Diagrams

Preliminary Designs

• They break the “bubbles” to show first draft vision of how each landscape area will be shaped.

Preliminary Designs

• The landscape is given its….• Form.• Type of materials to be used.• Application of landscape design

principles.

• Are simple without real details, but….• The horizontal & vertical relationships

between objects and areas are now included.

Preliminary Designs

Preliminary Designs

• A number of preliminary designs may be shown to a client before the final plans are made.

Final Plans

• Use suggestions & reactions of the client to make a master drawing that is graphically detailed & completely specific in its intent for the landscape.

Final Plans

• They include….• Precisely identified plants & other

materials.• Paving patterns.• Other specific & detailed information

such as construction drawings for the landscape contractor & subcontractors.

Final Plans

• Graphics are designed to impress.

Landscape Plans

• Computer assisted or drawing board.

Graphics

• Is the lettering & numbers.• Types include….

• Free-hand lettering• Mechanical• Computer

Landscape Principles & Procedures

Principles of Design

• Balance• Materials are distributed evenly on

opposite sides of a central axis.

• There are 3 types of balance:• Symmetric• Asymmetric• Proximal/Distal

Types of Balance

• Symmetric• One side is a reflective mirror image of the

opposite side.• Most formal type of balance.

Types of Balance

• Asymmetric• Each side has as much interest as the other,

but is not a duplicate of the other side.

Types of Balance

• Proximal/Distal• Balances right and left as well as near and

far.

Balance

• Macro-Range• The viewer sees the landscape from

the most distant vantage point.

• Closer Range• The views from other locations not as

distant.

Principles of Design

• Focalization of Interest• Selects & positions visually strong items in the

landscape composition to create focal points.• Draws the eye of the viewer to one major feature

in each use area such as a corner building.

Principles of Design

• Simplicity• Seeks to make

viewers comfortable within the landscape.

• Excludes any unnecessary changes in….

• Shape• Color• Direction• Etc.

Principles of Design

• Rhythm & Line• Repeating something at a standard interval or

pattern creates rhythm.• Lines establish the shape & form of

landscape.

Rhythm & Line

• Replicating strong existing lines such as the lines of the house or pool.

• Functions of line plantings include….• Foundation plantings.• Block a view.• Frame a View.• Provide Privacy

Principles of Design

• Proportion• The size relationships between all the

features of the landscape including vertical, horizontal, and spatial relationships.

OUT OF SCALE/PROPORTION

Proportion

• Maintains proper proportional relationships in a landscape between….• Buildings & people.• Buildings & plants.• Plants & people.• Plants & plants.• Masses & soils.

Principles of Design

• Unity• All the separate parts contribute to the

creation of the total design.

Unity

• Ties together the individual parts of each use area by….• Repeating prominent colors.• Repeating construction materials.• Continue interior design themes to

outdoor rooms.• Repeat plant species.• Raise patios, decks, and porches to door

level.

Landscape Process

• Process is a sequence of steps to reach a goal.

Landscape Process

• Project development process goes from….• Need or objectives.• Design process.• Accepting the design.• Contracting & subcontracting.• Actual landscaping.• Acceptance.• Billing & payment.

Landscape Process

• Project maintenance process starts with….• Need or desire.• Moves to selecting landscape

maintenance company.• (They assess the needs & presents a proposal.)

• If proposal is accepted….• Company schedules & does work & then bills

the customer.

Landscape Process

• Design process includes….• Site analysis• Program analysis

Designed By:

• Johnny M. Jessup; FFA Advisor• Hobbton High School