Landscape Ecology for Sustainable Society

Sun-Kee Hong • Nobukazu NakagoshiEditors

Landscape Ecologyfor Sustainable Society

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EditorsSun-Kee HongInstitution for Marineand Island Cultures

Mokpo National UniversityMokpo, JeonnamKorea (Republic of)

Nobukazu NakagoshiGraduate School for InternationalDevelopment and Cooperation

Hiroshima UniversityHigashi-HiroshimaJapan

ISBN 978-3-319-74327-1 ISBN 978-3-319-74328-8 (eBook)https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74328-8

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Preface

Landscape ecology is a sub-subject of ecology; however, it covers wide range ofecosystems and landscapes on their structures, function, and spatiotemporal chan-ges. It has been contributing to the human life and the shifts of socio-economicparadigms in the changing modern world. Global warming has been influencing theuniversal life patterns of mankind in the past several hundreds of years of havingbeen maintained. It has also been having influences on international social problemsas well as economic problems. The diverse plannings outlined for adapting toclimate changes have been the topic of conservations not only ecologists but alsoadministrators internationally. Unfortunately, it is the reality that the speed of theenvironmental changes including loss of biodiversities has been quicker than thetime it takes to complete outline and implement the solutions.

In order to maintain the sustainable earth environments and sustainable societies,the role of landscape ecology has been coming to the fore. The theories andmethodologies of the landscape ecology have been applied to multidisciplinaryresearch by going beyond the general/scientific research categories of ecology.These include the maximization of efficiencies of land spaces, management ofecosystems in where biological diversity can be maintained, utilization of vitalnatural and cultural resources necessary to human beings such as water, energy,foods. It is considered that the utilizations and the applications of landscape ecologyare very much needed for the diagnoses and evaluations of global environmentalproblems which have been rapidly processing in the modernity.

This volume is not comprised of general remarks that explain the theories andmethods of the landscape ecology. Based on the basic theories of landscape ecol-ogy, the contributors have already conducted investigations on farm villages, cities,and coastal ecosystems where they have to suggest certain plans. Through spaceanalyses and interpretations, the structures and function of the landscapes addressedwere analyzed. The varied ecosystems and landscape ecological methodologiesregarding land use have been presented here. The core of this book, however,focuses more on what role landscape ecology must play for materialization of asustainable society at the present and for future. Sustainable agriculture will bepresented regarding in farm villages, and on the contrary in the cities the

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discussions on the naturalized green stocks and the renewal energies will be pro-ceeded in relation to the urban infrastructures. A thesis on the safety of the lifezones of residents adjacent to the sea and on the conservation of the islandecosystems complex/landscapes is hopefully presented here.

The sustainable society is a system that is formed by having sustainabledevelopment as a basis. It is considered to be one aspect within a sustainableprocess. This is in regard to how the natural world and the human world coexist,and are in a harmonious symbiotic relationship. In order to maintain biodiversity interms of ecosystem services, the reasonable adjustments of human activities, suchas use of the resources, are absolutely necessary. Without biological resources, thecultural diversity of human beings can not exist. Consequentially, there are manyexamples internationally that have been put forth recently that express the biocul-tural diversity by linking biological diversity with cultural diversity. In this pub-lication, the role of landscape ecology as an academic link which connects thesetwo sets of diversities is highly expected. It can be named a combined-term “bio-culture” and then the significant landscape is inevitably a biocultural landscape. Itcan also be said that this concept is the interconnection of multidisciplinary spacesthat must be dealt with in modern landscape ecology.

All the editors are researchers who have developed landscape ecology and theenvironmental planning study discipline based on ecology. The second editor of thebook, in particular, is an international leader on the landscape ecological researchesin Asia. The researchers who participated with regard to this book are his colleaguesand students who carried out the research with him. Even these researches haveowned strong fortes of ecology (see in Chap. 1), and they have to work on the reallandscape issues. It is intended, through this volume, to present a new directionalitywhich can contribute to a sustainable society and at the same time uphold theorganization of the theories and methodologies of landscape ecology.

Mokpo, Korea (Republic of) Sun-Kee HongHigashi-Hiroshima, Japan Nobukazu NakagoshiMarch 2018

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Acknowledgements

Our thanks are due to all members of Nehira & Nakagoshi Lab. at HiroshimaUniversity. The second editor deeply acknowledged to Profs. K.Nehira, F. Takahashi,and S. Kuraishi of Hiroshima University for their help and encouragement ondeveloping his research system during the initial stage of his professorship in the sameuniversity.

This work was supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation ofKorea (Korean Government; MEST; NRF-2009-361-A00007) to Sun-Kee Hongof the first editor.

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Contents

Part I Concept and Approaches

1 Guiding Young Scholars in Order to Integrate Their VariousResearch into Landscape Ecology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Nobukazu Nakagoshi

2 Island Biocultural Diversity Initiative for Sustainable Society inAsia-Pacific Island Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Sun-Kee Hong, Jae-Eun Kim and Tae Ho Ro

3 Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) Technique forEvaluating Health Status of Landscape Ecology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Byomkesh Talukder

4 Investigating Impacts of Major Events on Land Use Developmentof European and Asiatic Landscapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Laura O. Petrov and Laur Ivan

5 Developing Strategies for Landscape Sustainability: AnIndonesian National Strategic Plan of Action in the Heart ofBorneo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Rachmad Firdaus, Prabianto Mukti Wibowo and Yanto Rochmayanto

Part II System Management and Conservation

6 Satoyama Landscape of Japan—Past, Present, and Future . . . . . . . 87Mahito Kamada

7 Change of Landscape and Ecosystem Services of Semi-naturalGrassland in Mt. Sanbe, Shimane Prefecture, Japan . . . . . . . . . . . 111Masahito Inoue

8 Diverse Patterns of Vegetation Change after Upland FieldAbandonment in Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123Yoshinori Tokuoka and Nobukazu Nakagoshi

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9 Traditional Ecological Knowledge Determined Tree SpeciesChoice in the Construction of Traditional Folk Houses in a SnowyRural Landscape in Central Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139Hideyuki Ida

10 Priorities Mapping in Landscape: Spatial Decision Support of theIndonesian Forest Landscape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Beni Raharjo and Nobukazu Nakagoshi

11 Forest Management Based on Site Suitability: A Case Study ofOdai Town, Mie Prefecture, Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181Keiko Nagashima

12 Participatory Wetland Management: A Case Study of XeChamphone Wetland, Lao PDR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197Thienthong Sopha, Choni Zangmo and Alice Sharp

13 Resident-initiated Practice of a Habitat of Iris rossii, a NationalNatural Monument in the Rural Landscape of Japan . . . . . . . . . . . 217Kazuaki Naito

14 Arthropod Diversity in Conventional Citrus Orchard at SelorejoVillage, East Java . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231Zulfaidah Penata Gama

Part III Community Development for Sustainable Society

15 Management of Landscape Services for Improving CommunityWelfare in West Java, Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251Regan Leonardus Kaswanto

16 Using Vegetation Greenness as a Criterion in Multi-criteriaAnalysis of Recreational Land Suitability in Protected Area: ACase Study of Krau Wildlife Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia . . . . . . 271Saiful Arif Abdullah and Nur Hairunnisa Rafaai

17 Green Open Space Demand and Community Place Attachment inBatu, East Java . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285Amin Setyo Leksono, Dina Poewoningsihand Nur Wiwit Puji Mahastiti Ika

18 Perception of Citizens toward Implementation of Urban Forestry:Case of a Local City in the Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295Nonillon M. Aspe, Jhonamie A. Mabuhay-Omarand Nobukazu Nakagoshi

19 Forest Ownership Patterns Impacting on Landscape Structure ofVegetation in a Mountainous Farm Village, Western Japan . . . . . . 309Atsushi Yamaba, Sonoko Watanabe and Shuji Wada

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20 Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Groundwater Quality inSelangor, Malaysia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321Shazwin Mat Taib, Mohd Nur Farhan Bin Abdul Wahab,Shahabaldin Rezania and Mohd Fadhil Md Din

21 Cultural Landscape Preservation and Ecotourism Developmentin Blambangan Biosphere Reserve, East Java . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341Luchman Hakim

Part IV Remarks

22 Bridge and Islandscape: Questions for Sustainabilityand Resilience of Island Societies in Korea and Japan . . . . . . . . . . 361Sun-Kee Hong

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379

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About the Editors

Sun-Kee Hong (Mokpo, Republic of Korea) is cur-rently Humanities Korea Professor of the Institution forMarine and Island Cultures (MIC) of Mokpo NationalUniversity. He obtained a master’s degree in PlantEcology at Chungnam National University (1985).He obtained a Ph.D. degree in Landscape Ecology andEnvironmental Planning at Hiroshima University,Japan, in 1994; his thesis dealt with vegetation ecologyand human impact in Asian cultural landscapes. He hasorganized 20 international symposia on global issues,landscape ecology and biocultural diversity relating“islandscapes” and urban–rural landscapes issues dur-ing IUCN, IALE, INTECOL, and EAFES. He pub-lished international books of Ecological Issues in aChanging World (Kluwer, 2004), LandscapeEcological Applications in Man-influenced Areas:Linking Man and Nature Systems (Springer, 2007),Landscape Ecology in Asian Cultures (Springer,Tokyo, 2011), Biocultural Landscapes (Springer,2014), and 70 papers. He was secretary general of the8th INTECOL (2002, Seoul) and the chairperson of thelocal organizing committee of the 55th IAVS confer-ence (2012, Mokpo). He is the Founder and Editor inChief of the Journal of Marine and Island Cultures. Heis a board member of INTECOL (The InternationalAssociation for Ecology). He is the Director of theCenter for Island Sustainability (CIS) at MokpoNational University.

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Nobukazu Nakagoshi (Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan) isProfessor Emeritus of Hiroshima University (HU) andlecturing at Graduate School for InternationalDevelopment and Cooperation, HU, as a SpecialAppointed Professor from 2017. He is InvitedProfessor of Ecology at Capital Normal University,Beijing, from 2004 and Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot, China, from 2008. He obtained a master’sdegree in Plant Ecology at HU (1976) and a degreeDoctor of Science (Botany) in Plant Ecology at HU(1979); his thesis dealt with soil seed banks intemperate forests. He has organized scores internationalsymposia on community and landscape ecologiesduring INTECOL, IAVS, IALE (InternationalAssociation for Landscape Ecology), Eco-Summit,ICB, and EAFES. He published international booksConiferous Forest Ecology, from an InternationalPerspectives (SPB Academic Publishing bv, 1991)with Frank B. Golley, Designing Low Carbon Societiesin Landscapes (Springer, 2014) with Jhonamie A.Mabuhay, and 298 papers. He was President of JapanAssociation for Landscape Ecology (2000–2007) and aVice President of IALE (2003–2007). His currentscientific interests are ecotourism in natural landscapes,sustainable managements of cultural landscapes, andgreen infrastructures associated with resilience in urbanlandscapes.

xiv About the Editors