landforms e.8.c.5 students know how geologic processes account for state and regional topography....
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LandformsLandforms
E.8.C.5 Students know how geologic processes account
for state and regional topography. E/S (DOK 2)
What are Landforms?
Cornell Notes in your Journal
Title/Questions Details/answers
Brown Blue
Mountain A mountain is a very tall high, natural place on
Earth - higher than a hill. The tallest mountain on Earth is Mt. Everest.
Ex: Mt Charleston, &Boundary Peak
Mountain Range Is a series of Mountains formed about the same
time and from similar rock. Ex: Sierra Nevada, Rocky Mts., & Spring Mts.
• Definition: An opening in the earth, through which lava, rock, and gases are forced out
• There are more than 500 active volcanoes in the world
• Mount St. Helens
Valley
A valley is a low place between mountains cut by water or ice.
U-Shaped by Glacier
V-Shaped by River
Glacier A glacier is a slowly moving river of ice. They
cut “U” shaped valleys.
Cliff A cliff is a steep
face of rock and sediment.
Desert
A desert is a dry area that receives little to no precipitation.
Ex: Sahara, Mohave
Canyon A canyon is a deep valley with very
steep sides - often carved by a river. Ex: Grand Canyon
Alluvial fan Fan shaped area of sediment
Mesa
A mesa is a land formation with a flat area on top and steep walls - usually occurring in dry areas
PlateauA plateau is a
large, flat area of land that is higher than the surrounding land
Ex: Colorado Plateau
Plains Plains are flat lands that have only
small changes in elevation. Ex: Great Plains
Prairie A prairie is a wide, relatively flat area
of land that has grasses and only a few trees.
Karst
Karst is a sinkhole formed by water erosion under the surface and then collapsing.
Sea Level Sea Level is the
average height, or elevation, of the sea surface.
Ocean Large body of
salt water. Pacific Ocean
Bay
A bay is a body of water that is partly enclosed by land (and is usually smaller than a gulf).
Ex: San Francisco Bay
Cape
A cape is a pointed piece of land that sticks out into a sea, ocean, lake, or river.
Ex: Cape of Good Hope & Cavo De Haronos
Harbor A naturally or
artificially protected basin on an ocean, lake, or river where ships may be anchored or docked without danger.
Island
An island is a piece of land that is surrounded by water.
Ex: Guam
Marsh A marsh is a type of
freshwater, brackish water or saltwater wetland that is found along rivers, pond, lakes and coasts. Marsh plants grow up out of the water.
Ex: Florida Everglades
Swamp
A swamp is a type of freshwater wetland that has spongy, muddy land and a lot of water. Many trees and shrubs grow in swamps.
Floodplain
Levee
Floodplain is a flat region of a valley floor located on either side of a river channel.
Man made area of land to hold back a river.
Delta
A delta is a low, watery land formed at the mouth of a river. It is formed from the silt, sand and small rocks that flow downstream in the river and are deposited in the delta.
Ex: Mississippi Delta
Great Barrier Reef
Area formed by Coral in warm tropical ocean, it may extend above the Ocean .
Great Barrier Reef
Topographical Maps
A 2D map using lines to represent the elevation change of the land.
3D view
2D view
Contour linesContour lines are the curved lines on a topographical map that represent the change in elevation.
Topographic ProfileIs a cross-section of a topographical map.
Scale
1:24,000 scale 1:100,000 scale 1:125,000 scale
The scale of a map is the ratio of a distance on the map to the corresponding distance on the ground.