land reforms : an overview
TRANSCRIPT
LAND REFORMS
GROUP 2
André MüllerElsa Ouvrard
Ieva BriceIpsit Dash
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CONTENT
– Land Grabbing– What is Land Reform?– Why Land Reform is needed?– Guidelines Sustainable Land Reforms– Insight into Land Reforms in India and Latvia- Conclusion
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LAND GRABBING
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DEFINING LAND GRABBING
Investment in large-scale areas of arable land Food Security
PROCESS
MOTIVES
THE HOWcontentious
WHODomestic and transnational companies
scale and frequency
DRIVERS
Population Life Styles Biofuel
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Livelihoods of Smallholders, the landless, Indegenous people
Cheap promises
Exclusion and Expropriation
Vicious Cycle of Poverty
Environmental Degradations
Developing Countries PROBLEMS
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THE NEED FOR LAND REFORMS
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WHAT IS LAND REFORM?
Two different approaches:
- Property Rights Theory
- Evolutionary Theory of Land Rights
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GUIDELINES FOR A SUSTAINABLE LAND REFORM
- Government to facilitate- Participatory and transparent design- Flexibility in implementation- Decentralised and locally managed reforms- Measures to improve access- Monitoring- Post-reform structures
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QUICK FACTS
India Latvia
Area vs Population Index
0,00271 0,0311
GDP per capita ($) 3.851 18.140
Income Category( World Bank Income Categories)
Low Upper Middle
Poverty Share Index Ranked 1; (41 % of world’s poverty)
Ranked 78
Landuse – Agriculture (%)
51,63 28,64
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LAND REFORM IN INDIA
Pre Independence-Land Reform
Post Independence-Land Reform- Land for the tiller and Growth with Equity
Voluntary Land Reform Movements
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LAND REFORM IN INDIA
COMMENTS
Abolition of Intermediaries and Land Ceiling Acts
Land Grabbing instances common after Globalization and Industrialization.
Problems of Landless labour situation
Benami Transactions, Redistributed Land are mostly fallow and waste land.
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LATVIAN LAND REFORMS
Peasant Reform (1861)
Post WW1 Reform (1920)
Post WW2 Reform (1945)
Post Disintegration of USSR Reform (1991)
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PROBLEMS
PROBLEMS
Problems with Restoring Property Rights
No Access to Own Property
Fragmentation of the Land
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CONCLUSION
- Prioritizing the poor
- Participation
- Awareness
- Framework - Regulation and Legislation
- India and Latvia
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Thank you for listening!
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PICTURESLand Grabbing: http://dapa.ciat.cgiar.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/spooner_1504_main-420x01.jpgLand Grabbing Sketch:http://elface.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/ellen-li-elface-land-grabs-in-africa.jpghttp://www.thebrokeronline.eu/var/broker/storage/images/blogs/a-new-agriculture-Scalefor-food-security/the-myths-of-global-land-grabbing-untangled/131607-2-eng-GB/The-myths-of-global-land-grabbing-untangled_full_view.jpgHayhttp://4.bp.blogspot.com/_YI7ppcKmicc/TB3PK-BBkfI/AAAAAAAAGRk/FSjIks5i1iA/s1600/6132.jpgWherehttp://trendreport.betterplace-lab.org/media/usr/000/003/067/Auswahl_002_1.pngFarmershttp://www.hakinetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Download1.jpgIFAD.http://www.ifad.org/english/land/women_land/ Fronthttp://blog.worldagroforestry.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/african-agriculture1.jpg