l21 games
DESCRIPTION
The first computer games go back to the 50s when a nought and crosses game was created using an EDSAC computer. An effort at MIT ten years later led to a the multiplayer Spacewar game developed in a PDP-1. Even though these games were primitive, a game industry was born with the first games available in special locations – arcades. Today’s games are produced with modest Hollywood budgets and some are selling more than box-office hits. he Internet is becoming a practical platform for the games. The growth is in both on-line games and connectivity of games. A new genre of games has appeared – casual games. These are simple and short games that people can play for short sessions. In this lecture we look at computer games and the gaming market. Also we cover the impact of gaming and the trends.TRANSCRIPT
Lecture L21 GAMES
Games are the one of the most powerfulforce in the world
Games are universal
Games areeverywhere
Games are played by anyone
Games are part ofgrowing up
Computer Game History
Early GamesCathode ray tube amusement device, 1947
Analog game, purely electromechanical
Controlled by control knobs which influences the trajectory of the CRT's light beam
Player controls a reticle and aligns it to an airplane to shoot down
Early Games
Noughts And Crosses, 1952 !
A Tic-Tac-Toe game
Ran on EDSAC!
Used the tank display CRT as 35 x 16 pixel screen for displaying his game!
Game did not get well known
Early GamesSpaceware! 1961
Early GamesSpaceware! 1961
Programmed on PDP-1 in MIT in 1960!
One of the first time-sharing computers!
Space game where two players try to shoot each others without being drawn to the sun in the center!
Arcades
Special purpose machines!
Most popular game was PONG!
Arcades became popular amongstyoung in 1971-1974!
2-D boards and movementof objects!
Special controls and buttons
Pong 1974
Atari VCS 2600 1977
Game ConsolesIn 1974 game consoles start to appear!
Computer games market emerges!
Atari became the industry leaderVCS – Video Computer System 1974 – 1984Discontinued in 1991
The Video Game CrashIn 1983 the computer game market crashed !
Throughout the 1984 and 1985, the home video game industry was nearly dead Too much supply of similar games Low quality The public lost interest!
Atari did not want to credit developers
Game Consoles Come BackNintendo Entertainment System, 1986!!
Started the second computer console revolution !
Changed the way games were marketed Strict control of what games were produced and sold Instituted quality standards Instituted content standards
Enter the Personal ComputerIn the 80s Personal computers become more wide spread Games slowly appear in the PCs
Interactive fictionIn the 80s Interactive fiction games became popular!!
Role-playing game in which the player moves around in imaginative adventure world and solves mysteries !
Early games where text games with simple commands !
Slowly graphics was added
Enter CD-ROM
With CD-ROM new types of games became possible!!
More graphic !
The 7th guest from 1992 !
Myst from 1993 became an unexpected huge success
Multiplayer and 3-D GamesEarly games were multiplayer games!!
Pong and Spacewar! were multiplayer !
Most games after that were single player games where player plays against the computer or players take turn !
In the late 80s and early 90s networks start to appear Ethernet LANs, then the Internet
DOOM introduced 3-D graphics and multiplayer capabilities in 1993 !
3D game where the player moves around in a 3-D world!
Breakthrough graphicsMultiplayer capability on a LAN
Multiplayer and 3-D Games
Timeline
Addiction!!
Some games are highly addictive !
!
Role playing games, MUD (Multiple User Dialog) Example: EverQuest !
Games with progression, construction and commands Examples: WarCraft, CounterStrike, Sims
Impact of Computer Games
Really simple game, but highly addictive
Released on May 24, 2013, discontinued Feb 8, 2014
Violence!!
Some games are violent, made for matureadult audience !
Most games are not violent !
!
Impact of Computer Games
“In twenty years, games will have taken over the world and everything will be virtual reality.”
-- Ray Kurzwiel
The Gaming Market
Who plays computer and video games?
51%of US households have a dedicated game console
Source: ESA Essential facts, US data
Average Game Player Age
30
The Gaming Market
The Gaming Market
The Gaming Market
The Gaming Market
The Gaming Market
1990
$10 bn
2000 2010
$20 bn
$50 bn
Games
2014
The Market
PlayStation 2 is still on top
The Market
Nintendo
• Products – GameCube – GameBoy – Wii – DS
• Appeal to families – Apply strict standards
• Do most of the games themselves – Difficult for others to enter
– Wii got a very good start – Wii Remote
Sony
▪ Products – PlayStation, PlayStation2 – PlayStation Portable ▪ Have the broadest market
– Has most of the games ▪ PlayStation3
– With IBM’s Cell and Blue-‐ray Optical Disk – Movie and TV show downloads
XBox
• Products – XBox, XBox 360, XBox 720
• Appeal to hard-‐core games – Most powerful console – Xbox Live – online gameservice
– Microsoft is promotingxbox as entertainment device
Games Drive Technology
Source: Economist: Play to Win
Graphics
Bjarni Þór Árnason: Evolution of Physics in Video Games
Physics Processor
Source: When looks are no longer enough, Play to win Hannes Högni Vilhjálmsson
Artificial Intelligence
Virtual Worlds
Characters that behave human