. C X X X V I. No. 3522 M AY 25, 1945 9d. W E E K L Y

L e i it be x i

n : i t k w h

PO U T eC H N W

F.T.85a

Il E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w M ay 25, 1945

TYPE 759

“ B L O C K ” PU SH B U T T O N«

Built to endure, because it must have the lasting reliability of the control gear it operates.

O ther noteworthy features : The contacts in the unit block are sturdy, silver faced and self-cleaning, and are visible through a mica inspection window.

Flush mounting or surface mounting models are available either of suds and oil-proof construction as illustrated, or dust-protected. The ‘ s to p ’ point may be plain (w ith shroud) or with mushroom head, or with stop-lock feature.

The terminals are shrouded and readily accessible for easy wiring under all normal conditions. W h ere the unit is flush mounted in a confined space, terminal adaptors can be provided at the back or the front of the unit b'ock for external cable connection.

W R IT E FOR LEAFLET 504.C.

B R O O K H I R S T S W I T C H G E A R L T D . , C H E S T E R

M ay 2 5 , 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w

The greater the time spent beforehand in improving and simplifying a product—the greater the time (and cost) saved ultimately. Time is a quantitative factor, and any overdrafts on it by Heatrae in progressive design represent ultimate “ cred its” to subsequent Maintenance costs.

As the Latins once said

TIM E PRO VES A LL T H IN G S

LEADERS IN ELECTRIC WATER HEATING

H E A T R A E LTD ., N O R W IC H P H O N E : N O R W IC H 25131 G R A M S : H EA TRA E , N O R W IC H

IS IT ALIVE?THE

“ PARTRIDGE ” P R E S S U R E D E T E C T O R

(Regd. T.M. No. B.5BI955) will Infallibly tell you, giving visible and audible Indication

(No earth connection required)

Type Range up to

Length of handle

C Volta11,000 36'

E 60,000 8 VF 15,000 48*H 11.000 36'L 33,000 72'

Also makers of “ W estm ins­te r ” Vacuum Tube Detector

and H.T. Earthing RodsP a te n t No. 519919

The WESTMINSTER ENG. Co. UVictoria Road, Wllletden Junction, N.W.IO

T elephone: Telegram s:W illesden 1700-1 “ Regency, Phone, L o ndon ."

FOR W IR ELESS AND S I M I L A R C O N N E C T I O N S

A W ID E RANGE OF S IZES IN STOCK

ROSSCOBRTNEY&Co.Ltd.A S H B R O O K RO AD , L O N D O N , N.I9

JAW ENDSt o t h e s p e c ­i f ic r e q u i r e ­m e n t s o f o u r

o u s t o m e r s

M a k e r s o f a ll t y p e s off r e ­p e t i t i o n p r o ­d u c t s f r o m t h e b a r in a l l

m e t a l s

M CLand R E P E T I T I O N LTD.P o o l L a n e L a n q le q B i r m in q h a m .

A

E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w M ay 25 , 1945

BIFURCATED TUBULAR & SOLID RIVETSSAW SCREWS • UPHOLSTERY NAILS DRAWING PINS ETC................

ON ADMIRALTY, AIR M IN ISTRY AND M IN ISTRY OF SUPPLY LISTS.

—S.& D. R IVET COM PAN Y(P R O P .,S T E E L S 6 B U SK S LTD.)

ARIEL WORKS TEM PLE ROADLEICESTER

Today we can supply only those products which are authorised as Essential so that your valued patronage must be forfeited temporarily to enable us to make our contribution to the W ar Effort.We look forward to the time when we shall once more be able to give you the service for which we have long been noted and we apologise for our inability to serve many o f our numerous friends until existing trade restrictions are withdrawn.

ÛuXêm atôc//1ac/u*T&d

- M .

7 & vetd

650 B .H .P. 1435 r. S te e l- C la d S lip - Induction M otor

A complete range of self-contained A.C. Motors in sizes up to 1600 B.H.P. at 1000 r.p.m. possessing extremely robust features for hard service conditions.

BRUCE PEEBLES & CO. LTD. ENGINEERS, EDINBURGH3673

M ay 2 5 , 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 3

Made For 30,60.100.160.200.300 & 500 Amps.. 600 Volfs: Double.Triple and four pole and tuifh neufral links.Firre d fo r C o nduir, b u s b a r cham ber flan g e o r cable g la n d s .

Wiring, minimum maintenanceL O N D O N : A W Z E L L E Y 7 3 . G R E A T P E T E R ST., W E S T M I N S T E R .SW.I

B / R C H F / E L D S - S O U ( 4 L I N E S )

BILL SWITCHGEAR LTD BIRMINGHAM-20

A I C H O B I R M I N G H A M

Brass, Aluminium Bronzes & High Strength Brass Rods, Stampings & Non-Ferrous Ingot Metal Manufacturers

McKechnie Non-Ferrous Ingots are uniform in composition and therefore easier to melt and handle Produced by a perfect p l a n t u n d e r c o n s t a n t supervision to the correct analysis, the McKechnie range of Non-Ferrous Ingots covers the entire need of the Brass Foundry. McKechnie Chill Cast Bars are closer in structure than Sand Cast Bars and possess greater homo­geneity and resistance with an absence of segre­gation. They are clean, concentric and sound.

A p a r t f r o m th e s a v in g on to o l c o s ts and la b o u r w h ic h n a t u r a l ly fo l lo w s th e u se o f C h i l l C a s t a s a g a in s t S a n d C a s t B a r s th e s a v in g in s c ra p and t u r n in g s is v e ry c o n s id e r a b le .

M£?E M 9KECHHIE BROS. LtdRO TTO N PA R K STREET , B IRM IN G H A M 16 » McKSefBiimTngham’ '

4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w M ay 2 5 , 1945

X I• • •

ELECTRICAL STEEL SHEETS

&

L A M I N A T I O N S

Brands :

ST A LLO Y ,” "M E D IU M R ES IST A N C E.” "S P E C IA L LO H Y S ,” " LO H YS ”

JOSEPH SA N KEY & SONS L td . , BILSTONLO N D O N : 168 Regent Street, W .l

M ay 2 5 , 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w

SWITCHGEARO I L - B R E A K • A I R - B R E A K • A I R - B L A S T

TH E BR IT ISH .THOMSON-HOUSTON COM PANY^LIM ITED . W ILLESD EN ..EN C LA N D ,'A3432

A L L RANKS - A L L SER V IC ESThank them NOW,

by a gift or legacy toHAIG’S FUNDRICHMOND-SURREY

6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w M ay 2 5 , 1945

C R o m P T o n ^ P R R K in s o nL I M I T E D

E L E C T R A H O U S E , V I C T O R I A E M B A N K M E N T , L O N D O N . W . C . 2 a n d B r a n c h e s

For accuracy that varies

Specify

CROMPTON

METERS

M ay 2 5 , 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 7

u s rZl

r " ™fS ■*"! 1-* / ' V^ j V* ¡J

W v Pu y j p ^ s i <s/ i x ,

IttROUGHOUr THE WO*

W\cyEVeG RIN DERS

• F a s te r grinding.

• Less w heel w ear per m e ta lrem oved.

• E conom y in ab rasiv e w heels.

• Low pow er costs

T h e co m b in a tio n o f such desirab le qu a litie s h a s m a d e W\cy€te G rinders th e first choice o f g rind ing equ ipm en t. Sizes are ava ilab le fo r all classes of w ork , i.e ., 2*, 3", 4", 6" and 8" w heel d iam ete rs, in c lud ing rig h t • angle m odels.

The Wg/SVe ran g e of m ach ines also inc ludes D rills, R eam ers , T a p p e rs ,

¡ i l u -

I p t epfm ^ *I LL.:-v**5'

C O N T R A C T O R S * E Q U I P M E N T • H O C K D R I L L S • D I A M O N D D R I L L S • Oi l . W E L L T O O L S

Robtrt Sharp & Partntrt C33

E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w M ay 2 5 , 1945

M ay 2 5 , 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 9

Specialists in the manufacture of Alternating Current Motors in Squirrel Cage and Slip Ring types from I/'3rd to 200 h.p. 20,000 h.p. speed types are listed for every industrial use, and thousands of these motors in all types have been supplied to the various countries of the world. W e are the largest Alternating Current Motor Manufacturers in the world.

ie Brook Motor factories, where 6,000 motors are made each month. M P R E S S • P R I N C E S S • D U C H E S S W O R K S

H U D D E R S F I E L D

APPLICATIONA self contained power unit used extensively in the Machine Tool. Electro-plating and Allied Indus­tries for Grinding and Polishing metal.The units can be fitted with false noses to allow for changes in the mops or grinding wheels.

CONSTRUCTIONTapering endshields enable work to be accommo­dated all round the wheels. Motor is totally enclosed and the massive shaft runs on specially large bear­ings. sealed in dust-proof caps.

SUPPLYSingle, Two or Three phase running at 1500 or 3000 r.p.m. synchronous. Ratings have outputs of y to 15 horse power.

TYPESTotally Enclosed only, with bench or floor stands as extras.

BROOK MOTORS LTD • Huddersfield

10 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w M ay 25, 1945

363,280,000YARDS OF ASHTON CABLEhave been supplied by A erialite Ltd. to

the Fighting Services to date.

C A B L E S F O R L IG H T IN G , H E A T IN G , T E L E V I S I O N , R A D IO , T E L E C O M M U N IC A T IO N , E T C .

AERIALITE LTDC a o t t e ¿t / c ru k ?

S T A L Y B R I D G E * C H E S H I R EW

<f> A I

Bij ALL meowc o fM e k v e m a te U a l i& k m b ceJ

FERRANTI LTD., HOLLINW OOD, LANCS.London O ffice : K ern H ou se . K in g sw a y , W .C .2.

FM79

M ay 2 5 , 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w

METERINGF E R R A N T I

A scientific and practical recognition of the require­ments of the USER and the NATION. Its compactness conserves material resources.

12 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w M ay 2 5 , 1945

E xecu tives in ch a rg e o f th e p ro d u c tio n o f e lec trica l a p p a ra tu s ca llin g fo r im p re g n a tio n , sh o u ld sen d fo r th e H Y -M E G B o o k le t “ S ta b ility in I n s u l a t i o n “ . I t d escrib es fu lly h ow H Y -M E G sc ien tifica lly o v e rco m es p ro b le m s a ris in g b o th in p ro d u c tio n a n d in o p e ra t io n . A p p ly o n B usiness H e a d in g o r C a rd a n d en c lo se 2d . to c o m p ly w ith th e C o n tro l o f P a p e r O rd e rs.

LEW IS BERGER & SONS, LTD. (Eslab. 1 760) LONDON, E.9. P h o n e: A M H e r s t 3 3 2 1

M A N U F A C T U R E R S OF I N V U t A T I N G V A R N I S H E S & E N A M E L S

M a y 2 5 , 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 13

M I m s m s w s m s o t

T h e overihrow of Nazism has been accom ­plished. This greai ach ievem ent has crow ned the gallant efforts of the fighting forces of the United Nations, backed up b y the tireless efforts of the workers. Industry has provided the tools for the job, tools of the finest quality, tools cu n nin g ly contrived and produced in stupendous quantities in an am azingly short space of time.

The w h o le of the resources of the H en ley O rgan­isation h ave been directed to the prodigious industrial effort w h ich has been the foundation of this great achievem ent.

¿ a b l e s

f a m o u s f o r o v e r a c e n t u r y

W. T. H E N L E Y ’S T E L E G R A P H W O R K S CO. LTD.M ILTO N C O U R T • W ESTC O TT • D O RK IN G • S U R R E Y p h o n e : d o r k / n g 3 2 4 / (/o u h e s )

TELEGRAM S: HENLETEL, DORK/NG

1 4 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w M a y 2 5 , 1945

^ W ith the addition of a small portable current transformer, the instrum ent m eets the requirem ents for a testing equipm ent for the engineer in charge of a works or any industrial plant.

Full description upon request.

ELLIOTT BROTHERS (London) Ltd-C E N T U R Y WORKS, LEWISHAM, S.E.I3. Phone : TlDeway 3232

M a y 2 5 , 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 15

PLANT MOTORISATIONUSING 'ENGLISH ELECTRIC MOTORS

AND OVERHEAD BUS-BAR SYSTEM

View in a factory c o n ta in in g 105 b e l t d r i v e n m ach ine too ls.

changed over to in­dividual motor drive, including all electrical connectionsand motor­isation of the machines.

This changeover is fully described in our publication entitled ‘ PLANT M O TO R IS A TIO N ’

W R ITE FOR YOUR COPY to Fusegear Dept. STAFFORD.

THE ENGLISH ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITEDLondon Office: QUEEN’S HOUSE. KINGSWAY, LONDON, W.C.2

W O R K S : S T A F F O R D - B R A D F O R D - R U G B Y - P R E S T O N

16 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 2 5 , 1945

I N F R A - R E D L A M P H E A T I N G

Stoving paint on large castings in 23 minutes.

G .E .C . In fra - R ed L am p H ea ting m ay be em ployed for pa in t d ry ing , coil d ry ing , foundry m ould dry ing , se tting syn the tic glues and soften ing plastics, etc. O p era ting tim es are drastica lly reduced and close con tro l is ob tained over quality . By in co rpo ra ting th e p lan t in the p ro d u c tio n line m uch han d lin g is avoided, o r it m ay be used in sm all un its ad jacent to ind iv idual m achines.

G .E .C . In fra -R ed L am p H eating specialists are available fo r g iving advice, and p rep arin g schem es, for special requ irem en ts.

INFRA-RED LAMP HEATINGWITH RHODIUM PLATED TROUGH REFLECTORS and Q s r a m INFRA - RED INDUSTRIAL LAMPS

A d v t . o f T h e G enera l E lec tr ic C o ., L td . , M a g n e t H ouse, K in g s w a y , L o n d o n , W .C .2 .

M ay 2 5 , 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 17

■

All steel construction ; enclosed active material for constant capacity ; chemically inert and thus free from deterioration when not in use ; can be installed in proxim ity to delicate apparatus ; unharmed by over-charging, rapid discharging or short-circuiting ; light in weight ; simple to operate ; long life—all these characteristics w ill doubtless meet your battery problem with

advantage.

N I iF E B A T T E R IE S—A. L I M I T E D ■

‘ HUNT EN b * REDDITCH • W O R C EST ER S H IR E

18 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M a y 2 5 , 1945

ATLAS LAMPSN oth in g hotter has com e to lig h t

TH O RN ELECTRICAL IN D U STR IES LTD., 105-109. JU D D ST., LO N D O N , W .C.1. 'Phone: Euston 1183 Northern Branch: 55, Blossom Street, Manchester. 'Phone: Central 7461N.E. Depot: 46, Sandhill, Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1. 'Phone: Newcastle 24068

. . . an d il w an ts A TLA S LAM PS because o f th e d em an d c re a te d bv o u r

la rge-sca le ad v e rtis in g a p p e a r in g in ev e ry m ain th o ro u g h fa re a n d re g u la r ly in

th e N ational an d P ro v in c ia l da ily an d even ing p ap e rs an d m agaz ines. I t p ays you to supp ly

th is d em an d : you get h ig h e r p ro fits , a ttrac tiv e sales aids, a n d p e rfec t

freed o m to stock w h a tev e r m ak e of o th e r good lam ps you like. W rite fo r te rm s to-day.

ELECTRICAL STEEL SHEETS"FO R T R A N SFO R M ER A N D D Y N A M O W O R K

ELECTRICAL STAMPINGSO F A LL D ESC R IPT IO N S

SPECIAL ALLOY SHEET FO R M A G N ET IC T EM PER A T U R E

C O M PE N SA T IO N - H IG H F R E Q U E N C Y W O R K - RELA YS

m rw A R n T H O M A S & B A LD W IN S LIM ITED

2 0 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 25 , 1945

W h a t h a p p e n s in C lo se d A s s e m b l i e s !

W hen the perform ance of electrical assem blies or com ponents is called into question i t m ay be extrem ely im portan t to be able to look right inside them . Are the internal parts properly arranged and suitablyspaced ? Are the h idden connections _ _ E Scorrectly m ad e ? * N

Y ou can assure yourself about th is, andm ore, by X -ray inspection. I R8 D I 1 R I A I

I t m ay well increase your confidence in I 1^1 U J I I M ■—your p roducts if you keep X -rays and C 11 M C‘ Kodak ’ industria l X -ray films working VV.“ Y r l L r l j

‘ IndustreX' Types D & S ‘ Crystal leX ’

K O D A K L T D . , ( X - R A Y S A L E S ) , K 1 N G S W A Y , W . C . 2

Equip your electrica lly driven machines with the “ r ig h t” control gear — IGR A N IC , which w ill give positive protection to m otor and machine and keep them working to secure maximum

production.

Illu stra tion shows IG R A N IC Contro l Panel fo r H o ist motion o f 6-ton Slab Charger

fo r S teel M ill.

IGRANIC ELECTRIC CRLTPBEDFORD & LONDON

OVERHEAD LINE FITTINGS

M ay 2 5 , 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 21

Cone Type Mid-span Tension Joint for Steel Cored Aluminium Con­ductors of • 15-'175 sq. in. copper equivalent section.

Cone Type Tension Clamps for Steel Cored Copper Conductors of 025- 075 sq. in. copper equivalent section.

Aluminium Repair Sleeve for Steel Cored Aluminium Conductors up to U75 sq. in. copper equivalent section.

Non Tension Joint for Steel Cored Aluminium Conductors from I up to 175 sq. in. copper equivalent section.

A small selection from the range of Overhead Line fittings of the well-known British Ropes design, which are now manufactured in our own shops. Quick deliveries of many cypes can be offered from components in stock. Prompt

quotations for standard or special designs.

O ur experience Is at your disposal.

LE PH ONE W W Æ I TE L E G R A M S

' H A M P T O N 1 . ^ " , 1 *% I " P I G E K A Y B E L

t,NES l l R E L L I - U E N E R A L southamtonC A B L E W O R K S , L td .. S O U T H A M P T O N .

E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 2 5 , 1945

c o w b i T '

F ir s t th o u g h ts , w h e re n a m e s a re c o n c e rn e d , a re o f te n w id e o f th e fa c ts . T h e re is o n e e x c e p t io n . I f y o u a re th in k in g o f co iT U gated cases , y o u r f irs t th o u g h t w ill b e M e d w a y , a s s o c ia te d w ith id eas o f se rv ice , s o u n d d e s ig n a n d g o o d w o r k ­m a n s h ip . Y o u w ill be r ig h t. T h o u g h w e a re n o t a lw a y s free , to -d a y , to se rv e y o u as w e w o u ld , w e s till p r id e o u rs e lv e s o n g iv in g y o u th e b e s t se rv ice th a t c ir c u m s ta n c e s p e rm it .

C O R R U G A T E D C A S E ST H E M E D W A Y C O R R U G A T E D P A P E R C O M P A N Y L I M I T E D

L ondon Sales O ffice - b l a o k f r i a r s h o u s e , n e w b r i d g e s t r e e t , k.« 4 . P ro v in c ia l Sa les O ffice .-•new h y t h e , n r . M a i d s t o n e , k e n t

M ay 2 5 , 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e m e w 2.1

STEADYy t f^ A .C . SUPPLY W I T H A

W E ST INC HO USE

S T A B I M S T O Rthe only constant voltage equipment giving a constant

U N D ISTO RTED output with changes in mains voltage and load

W rite for literature to Dept. E .R .

WESTINCHOUSE BRAKE&SICNAL CO.LTD.» Pew HIM House, Chippenham,Wilts.

E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 2 5 , 1945

iff EAT CAS'PTOH STREETIIRMII6IAM IS

byT H E G A L V A N A X PRO CESSis approved by the A.I.D. when a zinc coating is specified as a substi­tute for Cadmium plating owing to a shortage of the latter metal.For fast deposits on wrought iron and steel it is unequalled in colour, simple to operate, and has excellent throwing power besides providing efficient protection from rust.

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 25

L .D .C . F la m e p r o o f M o to r ? ( B u x t o n C e rt if ie d ) D r i v i n g B e n z o l P u m p s

■

LANCASHIRE DYNAMO A CRYPTO LTDT R A F F O R D P A R K . M A N C H E S T E R . 17 W I L L E S D E N . L O N D O N . N .W .I O

Associated C o rip o m ci FO STER TRAN SFO RM ERS A SW/TCHGEAR LTD . C RYPTO N EQ U IP M EN T LTD .

E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 2 5 , 1945

H \ \ o t o * $ i &

“ S U P E R IO R P E R F O R M A N C E ” sum s u p tlie u s e r ’s a tt i tu d e to his p re ference fo r B R U S H M o to r G e n era to rs .T h ey are fa v o u red because o f rugged an d ro b u s t c o n s tru c tio n and especially as ap p lied to th e B R U S H G ear an d C o m m u ta to r . F o r op era tin g a t very high speed w ith a h igh efficiency, these m achines fo r e lec tro ly tic d e p o s itio n w o rk can b e su p p lied in sizes w ith o u tp u ts ranging fro m 1 ,0 0 0 to 1 0 ,0 0 0 am peres.

M a n y R epea t O rd e r sd e m o n stra te co n clu sive ly th at o u r long e x p e rie n ce in the design of M o to r G e n e ra to rs for heavy c u rre n t w o rk is a p p re c ia te d .

T h e illu s tra tio n show s th ree o f an o rd e r fo r 26 sets su p p lied co m p le te w ith sw itchgear.

Send, us your enquiries :

8.20

TURBO-GENERATORS, TRANSFORMERS, E.H.T. and M.T. SWITCHGEAR, A.C. and D.C. MOTORS and GENERATORS, BATTERY ELECTRIC VEHICLES and TRUCKS, TRACTION EQUIPMENT, BUS and COACH BODIES L O U G H B O R O U G H

e m g l a n d

B R A N C H ES : London, B irm in gham . C a rd iff , M an ch este r, Leeds. N ew ca stle , G/asgow, B e lfa s t , Dublin

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 27

E ' S

M IC A WT U B E S : Round, Square or Rectangular, In M IC A for all Electrical Gear and Domestic

Mica o r Bakellte. Appliances.M IC A N IT E : In Moulding, Flexible and M IC A F O L IU M ■ M IC A PA PER S • M IC A

Com m utator qualities. C L O T H ■ STEEL T U B E S A N D BA RSH EA T ER M IC A N IT E for Dom estic and IN S U LA T E D W IT H M IC A O R BAKE-

other Electrica l Appliances. L ITE • L E A T H E R O ID • F IB R E B A K EL IT EM ICA : U n c u to rc u t to size and calibrated. SH EET . ETC.Contractors to Admiralty. A ir Ministry, W a r Oft”, cel and other Government Department lists.

H . C L A R K E & C O . / * \ a t l a s w o r k s, f m ß \ P A T R I C R O F T

(MANCHESTER) L T D . f ) M A N C H E S T E RTelephone : EC C LES 2001-2-3-4-5 J Gram? : Pirtoid, Phone, M ’chester

A

MICANITEO N

FOR IMPROVED FACTORY LIGHTINGwith Low Initial Cost—instal

DUAL

M ADE T H R O U G H O U T

IN E N G LA N D BY SIEM ENS

F u ll p a r t ic u la rs from our

I l lu m in a t in g E n g in e e r in g D ep t.

S I E M E N S , 38-9 U P P E R T H A M E S

ELECTRIC DISCHARGE LAMPS

No Choke Coil

No Condenser

No re-wiringD E L I V E R Y F R O M S T O C K

F O R E S S E N T I A L

IN D U ST R IA L IN ST A LLA T IO N SS T R E E T , L O N D O N , E . C . 4

28 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 2 5 , 1945

€3 UD'j 7'SâôfoL o.

P U M P SFOR WELLS &.

BOREHOLES OF EVERY DEPTH

T Y P E E.O .E. for Wells and Boreholes exceeding 25 ft. In depth. Totally enclosed self-oiling mechanism of Patented design. Precision workmanship throughout. Pump can be supplied complete with 4 h.p. Electric Motor or with fast and loose pulleys for belt drive. Capacities from 58 gallons per hour.

We invite Agents to write for illustrated literature, prices and discounts.

H. J. GODWIN LTQ U E N I N G T O N , G L O S .

\

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E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w

M ay 2 5 , 19-15 I i FCTRU \ i R e v i e w

The New Craftsmansh for post-war housing

ySift«8?< )«v{vw

T h e m illions o f new houses w hich are and will be needed in this coun try— “ prefab rica ted ” and brick bu ilt alike— will call for am ple supplies o f standard ised electrical p roducts o f good design, quality and durability .

T h e M .E .M . factory is fully equ ipped to tu rn ou t sw itches, fuseboards, and o ther electrical gear im m ediately the change over from w ar priorities to peacetim e p roduction becom es perm issible. By full m echanisation and skilled p lanning M .E .M . engineers have created the N ew C raftsm anship w hich m igh t be described as quality in quantities.

Q uality depends upon good design, good m aterials and tested construction . Q uan tity p roduction is the resu lt o f m echanisation and organisation. T h e M .E .M .

factory is self-contained and self-sufficient. I t produces good electrical gear from s ta rt to finish— good all through .

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32 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w A / u v 2 5 , 1 9 4 5

P R E M IS E S « ^ PLANT STOCK

protect them

this w ay. . .T hese vital assets cannot be replaced for a long tim e and should therefore be p ro tected m ost carefully from th e ravages o f fire. T o do so th e Pyrene H ire M aintenance P lan has been especially evolved.. N o t only does it provide th e best and m ost suitable F ire E xtinguishers, b u t tw ice a year inspection, supply o f spare parts , repairing , repain ting and, w hen necessary, replacing. Certificates are issued after inspection . . . A ll for an inclusive annual fee. Investigate th is plan now. P O S T T H I S T O D A Y

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M ay 2 5 , 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 3 3

YOUR VE-DAYTHANK-OFFERING

----

D u n k irk . . . B attle o f B rita in . . . E l A lam ein N orm an d y . . . A rnhem . . . and countless o th e r battlefields have know n the va lou r o f

B rita in ’s fighting m en. N ow th a t freedom fro m the N azi ty ranny is here, w e all have

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m aking a g ift o r le g a c y N O W

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M O R E L I G H T ON T H I N G S TO C O ME . . .

May 25, 1945 E le c t r ic a l Review 35

New Vistas^ V h en our minds turn to things other than war it will be under

brighter conditions — brighter if only for the progress that there

has been in lighting. Peace will release noteworthy advances in the

design, manufacture and application of Crompton Lamps.

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36 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 2 5 , 1945

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38 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w M a y 2 5 , 1945

BLOOD TO IL .TEARS.. . and SWEATW e have experienced th e m all. B u t do n o t fo rge t th a t , h a rsh th o u g h o u r o rdeal a t hom e, th e m ain w eigh t o f th e b u rd e n has been b o rn e by th e m en an d w om en o f th e figh ting services.

I t has been a p ro trac ted an d w eary fight. T h e road has been long , an d th e going ro ugh . M an y have given u s th e b e s t years o f th e ir lives. T h e present is an occasion fo r re jo icing , b u t rem em b er th a t the fu tu re , fo r m any , w ill be c louded by th e sacrifices w h ich they have m ade. N O W — before you have becom e ab so rbed in o th e r m a tte rs—

A S K YOURSELF THIS QUESTION—

“ C an I do an y th in g fo r th em in re tu rn ? ”

T h e answ er is a sim ple one. Y ou know ab o u t E arl H a ig ’s B ritish L eg io n A ppeal F u n d . Y ou know som eth ing o f th e task i t in h e rited from th e las t w ar. Y ou will n o t find it d ifficult to realise th a t it m u s t soon assum e new and g rea t responsib ilities— for a genera tion .

L e t your re lie f and g ra titu d e find exp ression in som e p ractica l g estu re , to -day . Be generous . M ake a thankoffering , by posta l g ift o r legacy, to :—

EARL HAIGS BRITISH LEGION APPEAL FUNDPlease send y o u r g ift to H a ig ’s F u n d , R ich m o n d , S u rrey

S p a ce fo r th is A p p e a l d o n a ted b y S t. H e len s C able &- R u b b er C o L td

E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie wManaging Ed ito r :

May 25, 1945 Hugh S. Pocock, M.I.E.E.Technical Ed ito r : Commercial Ed itor :

Contents :— C .O . Brettelle, M.I.E.E. J. H. Cosens

Page Contents contiuned :— PageEditorial. —Preparing for the W orst 739 Manufacturers’ W a r W o rk - IV . 765Opencast Coal Winning 741 Next W in te r ’s Load . 767Watt-hour Meters. By O. G. W . Electricity Supply . 768

Davis. Associate I.E.E. 747 Financial Section . 770Views on the News 750 Low-Voltage Switches . . 773Correspondence . . . . 7SI Crack Detection . 774Personal and Social 753 Argentine Overseas Trade . 775Unbalanced Resistance Star Net­ Forthcoming Events . 776

work. By R. L. Russell, M.Sc., New Patents . 777Graduate I.E.E. 755 Contract Information . . 778

Compression Cable 757Commerce and Industry 759

. 71New Books . . 762 Classified AdvertisementsMobile Railway Workshops . 763 Index to Advertisers 80

E D I T O R I A L , A D V E R T I S I N G & P U B L I S H I N G O F F I C E S : D o r s e t H o u s e , S ta m fo rd S t . , L o n d o n , S .E . ITelegraphic Address : “ Ageekay, Sedist, London.” Code : A BC . Telephone No. : W ate rloo 3333 (35 lines).

Registered at G .P .O . as a Newspaper and Canadian Magazine rate of postage. Entered as Second Class Matter at the N ew York, U .S.A ., Post Office.

Annual Subscription, Post free : British Isles, £2 7s. 8d. ; Canada, £2 3s. 4d. ; Elsewhere, £2 5s. 6d. Cheques and Postal O rders (on Chief Office, London) to be made payable to E L EC T R IC A L R E V IE W LT D .

and crossed ” Lloyds Bank.”

40 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w May 25 , 1945

N.B. N o lik e n e ss to a n y liv in g c h a r - a c te r is in te n d e d .

INTO THE

H R »

FUTURE

LO N D O N

CAMBRIDGE METER-TESTING

INSTRUMENTS

MAY W E SEND

YOUA COPY?

T H IS FO LD ER(No. 64-X)

contains useful information regarding a series of accurate and reliable Cambridge instruments which have been approved for use under the Electricity Supply (M eters) Act, 1936, including specifi­cations of complete meter-testing equipment and a list of over 100* SU PPLY U N D E R T A K IN G S in which Cambridge meter testing instruments are employed.

•Now over 200

C A M B RID G E IN STR U M EN T C O M P A N Y LIMITED13 G RO SVEN O R PI ACE

W O R K S : L O N D O N A N D C A M B R I D G E

[po litech niki

E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie wTHE OLDEST ELECTRICAL PAPER - ESTABLISHED 1872

Vol. CXXXVI. No. 3522. MAY 25, 1945 9d. WEEKLY

P rep a rin g * fo r t h e W o r stM eans o f A voiding Cuts in Supply

fW IH O SE who expected im m ediate relief H from stringency in food, clothes and

fuel w hen the E uropean w ar ended are finding th a t their hopes are unlikely to be realised. We shall still have to tighten our belts round our ragged apparel and still go easy with coal and its derivatives. The early release o f “ Class B ” men, including some m iners, will not have effect for a considerable tim e and in any event even if supplies o f coal to electricity supply authorities are increased and im proved in quality there will still be insufficient p lan t to cope with the anticipated dem and during next winter.

Unpredictable ConditionsIt is impossible a t present to judge w hat

that dem and may be. M uch depends, in the first place, on the nature o f the w eather, which, in spite o f students o f “ cycles,” still rem ains unpredictable. M ore under contro l, bu t still indeterm inable in m ag­nitude, is the industria l load. T hough there will be som e falling-off in the p ro ­duction and requirem ents o f w ar factories, it is to be hoped th a t the change-over to norm al w ork will be pursued rapidly enough to absorb displaced labou r and th a t will m ean no relief fo r supply authorities.

I t is therefore wise to be guided by the experiences o f last winter, when a com ­bination o f severe w eather, heavy industrial and dom estic dem and, and coal and p lan t shortage m ade it necessary on a num ber o f occasions and in m ost districts to cut off supplies fo r short periods.

As we have repeatedly said, consum ers

o f electricity look for a continuous un­lim ited supply and they are likely to be annoyed if the operation o f their switches produces no results. In short, it is a bad thing for the electrical industry and if it can be avoided it m ust be. The Electricity Com m issioners fully realise this and consequently have given some advice to electricity supply undertakings on ways in which the inconvenience and annoyance can be m itigated o r elim inated.

Reducing Industrial Peaks •Their first endeavour is to secure a

reduction o f the peak which calls fo r very close co-operation (one m ight alm ost say friendship) w ith large industrial consum ers. I f these can be persuaded (and are able) to arrange their w orks program m es to transfer som e o f their heavy dem and from the m orning to the afternoon it m ay be possible to avoid stoppages altogether. The Com m issioners po in t ou t th a t the excess o f the m orning over the afternoon dem and tow ards the end o f last year was870,000 kW , and during the sum m er m onths, w hen it is necessary to do all the overhauling possible, it will be greater. This las t consideration em phasises the need fo r transferring the lo ad from the m orning to the afternoon now.

A nother suggested m eans o f alleviating the situation is to take surplus pow er from private sources and to em ploy standby Diesel-engine plants. This subject was discussed in the E le c tr ic a l R e v ie w o f A pril 6th. There is som e difference o f opinion regarding the extent o f the aid to be secured from this source and there are

740 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 25, 1945

som e difficulties, as the C om m issioners realise. They say th a t where it is not possible o r desirable to paralle l these p lants w ith the public' supply system special sw itching arrangem ents m ay be necessary. There are no doub t a num ber o f cases, however, in w hich use can be m ade o f these p lan ts and they m ay be sufficient to reduce the necessity for the “ shedding o f lo ad .”

A n o t a b l e exam ple o f Fallacy o f the m isleading natu re o fAverages average figures, unless they

relate to units o f nearly sim ilar size, is provided by references tocoal stocks a t pow er stations. The three and a h a lf weeks’ to ta l reserves, which the M inistry o f Fuel and Pow er had expected w ould be the m inim um reached by the end o f A pril (after which it w ould be re­plenished, it was hoped, during the com ing sum m er) sounds m uch better than it really is. I f deliveries were short o r p lan t were ou t o f com m ission a t a large base-load station, the inroads on the stocks at small stations connected with it w ould, o f course, be far greater than those due to their norm al running.

E ach year probablyAsh nearly 3,000,000 tons o f

Handling ashes rem ain as p roductso f com bustion a t electric

pow er stations. The am ount o f a ttention given to the subject seems hardly com ­m ensurate w ith the appreciable increase in the costs o f generating electricityentailed in their disposal. Particulars o f operating and m aintenance costs o f ash- handling systems are no t easily available. Figures quoted by M r. T. H. C arr in the paper he read recently before the Institu tion o f M echanical Engineers, indicate the wide variations th a t exist between individual installations. There are, no doubt, sound local reasons for the discrepancies, bu t investigations in to the factors governing them w ould be facilitated if the costs o f coal and ash handling were segregated from those o f the coal itself in published statistics.

O ne im portan t section Lamp o f the H om e Office In-

Precautions dustrial M useum in L ondon is th a t relating to

industrial safety, a section w hich is given special m ention in the M ay “ P roduction and Engineering B ulletin .” A series o f photographs is reproduced o f electrical

appliances and accessories which have caused fatalities in and ab o u t industrial establishm ents. I t is notew orthy th a t out o f fourteen instances ten are faulty lam ps o r lam pholders. I t is p robab le th a t power appliances give the im pression th a t care m ust be taken w ith them , while electric lam ps are so simple and harm less-looking th a t p recautions are considered hardly necessary. W hatever the reason may be those responsible for the safety o f factory w orkers should im press upon their people tha t a 230-V shock is ju s t as possible and ju s t as bad with a handlam p as with a m otor.

A t a recent meeting of Free the Institu tion o f Electrical

F rance Engineers, the President,Sir H arry R ailing, reported

an exchange o f greetings w ith the Société Française des Electriciens. F u rther evi­dence o f the determ ination o f ou r opposite num bers in F rance to take the position due to them in the F o u rth R epublic has come to us in the form o f the Société’s Bulletin for January , F ebruary and M arch, 1945. Principal con ten ts relate to the work of M. G . D arrieus (who died early last year), electrolysis, fluorescent tubes, very-high- frequency heating, system stability, electro­m agnetic v ibrations and X -rays, the last by the Société’s new President, M. Hector Pilon. These publications are, we trust, harbingers o f an early renew al o f the form er close personal relations between French and British electrical engineers.

M any young engineers Colonial from th is coun try now inCareers the Forces are serving in

the C olonies. To some, no doub t, w ho are am bitious to make headw ay in the ir professions the oppor­tunities for establish ing a career for them ­selves in those m ore undeveloped parts of the E m pire will be a ttractive. The Colonial Office, w hich has ju s t taken over the arrangem ents for the recru itm ent o f en­gineers with professional qualifications from the C row n A gents for the Colonies, has p repared a m em orandum which tells o f the wide scope which exists and outlines the necessary qualities. M en are required whose ben t is tow ards the creative and practical ra th er than the academ ic and who are possessed o f a sp irit o f adventure. They should be prepared to take their share in the general developm ent o f the Colony in which they serve

May 25, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 741

s i C o a l W in n in g '

ONE of the most outstanding industrial developments during the war years, of

both general and electrical interest, is the winning of coal by opencast methods, i.e ., quarrying for the coal where the seams are comparatively near the ground surface. So that the new development may be seen in its correct perspective it must be said that this is not a serious challenge to the estab­lished method o f coal mining, for coal does not exist near the sur­face in sufficient quan­tities. There may be other reasons as well, economic, for instance, but it is not the intention to discuss them in the present article.

The few million tons of opencast coal produced in this country since 1942 when working was commenced by large civil engineering firms, under the direction of the Ministry of Works, are, however, a par­ticularly useful supplementation of the coal produced by mining—about 250 million tons in peacetime. And it is reasonable to assume that the new development will continue during, at least, the earlier years of re­

construction. The main electrical interest of the development, however, lies in the advances which have been made since the work was started, particularly in the course o f the past two years, in the efficiency of the site operations.

These advances have resulted from two major factors. First there is the influence of American general industrial production ex­

perience—“ of doing bigger things in bigger ways ” — which all right-minded men in this country now re­cognise and appreciate

and are keen to take advantage of. In the earlier days all the work was carried out by means of excavating machinery which, in view of the tremendously large quantities of material which have to be handled, was comparatively small and unsuitable. Since then American engineers have come over to place their valuable experience in “ strip mining ” at the disposal of those engaged in the new develop­ment in this country. Further, a consider­able quantity of American machinery for the unusual tasks has been brought here, and this has led the way to the production of

O n the site re fe rred to in this a rt ic le , w h ich inco rp o ra tes p a rt o f the B a rn s le y coa l seam , e le c tr ica l consum ption in a ty p ic a l w eek am ounts to 120,000 k W h

742 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 25, 1945

more suitable machinery at home. The ments we recently visited the opencastsecond influence is one with which we have coal-production site a t W entworth, York-all now become more accustomed in this shire, by the courtesy o f Sir Lindsay Parkinsoncountry, namely, the ready availability of & Co., Ltd., who are responsible for the

development o f this particular site. Coal production actually began at W entworth in February, 1944, although clearance and preliminary oper­ations were started well before that time. One can visualise the “ overall ” operations in four main groups. First there is the re­moval, storage and ultim ate replacement o f the fertile top soil and secondly the stripping and removal

of the m aterial overlying the mineral seam. The third group of operations involves the digging, loading and removal o f the exposed mineral, while fourthly there is the screening of the coal produced,' after

public electricity supply in the outlandish places where open­cast working usually takes place, i.e ., where the coal exists near the ground surface in sufficient quantities.

To gain an idea of the electrical side of these develop-

A b o v e : T h e 2 8 0 -H P , 300-R PM , f o u r -c y l in d e r e n g in e o n th e D ie s e l - e le c tr ic d r a g lin e e x c a v a ­t o r d ir e c t ly s e r v e s t h e t r a v e llin g an d d r a g lin e o p e r a t io n s , and in a d d i t io n d r iv e s a 7 5 -k W DC g e n e r a to r w h ic h s u p p l ie s th e

s le w in g m o to r L eft: T h e s le w in g m o to r o f th e e ? c.a y a to r w ^ ich is c o n n e c te d by p ih io n g e a r in g t o a c r o w n w h e e l

o n a v e r t ic a l sh a f t

T h is D ie s e l - e le c tr ic “ w a lk in g ” d r a g lin e e x c a v a to r w ith a b u c k e t c a p a c ity o f 6 cu . yd . w a s sh ip p e d

to t h is c o u n tr y fro m A m e r ic a

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 743

which3 it is 'read y for dispatch in the required grades.

The removal, transport to and from storage dumps, and replacement of the lop soil is done by high-power Diesel- engine-driven caterpillar tractors and scrapers which literally peel the tu rf and soil from the surface, mechanically load it into and from self-contained boxes and transport it to and from storage mounds.

The m ajor electrical interest in the whole production scheme lies in the stripping o f the overburden, for which a variety of very large Diesel- electric and all­electric excavators are employed. The site is worked in cuts, i.e ., huge trenches, which vary in depth up to 70 ft. to the bottom of the coal seams, which vary to a maximum of 20 ft. deep. A cut may be from 50 to 70 ft. wide, depending on

R igh t : A 5-cu . yd. w a lk in g t y p e d r a g lin e e x c a v a to r is “ a l l- e le c ­

t r ic ”B e lo w : H o is t andd r a g lin e 1 2 5 -H P m o to r f it te d w it h a s e p a r a te m o to r -d r iv e n c o o lin g

fan

T h e m .g . s e t o n th e a l l ­e le c t r ic “ w a lk in g ” d r a g lin e e x c a v a to r is a fo u r -u n it e q u ip m e n t w ith a 200-H P m a in m o to r , a 120-kW g e n e r a to r fo r h o is t in g and tr a v e l l in g , and tw o 4 0 -k W g e n e r a to r s

fo r s le w in g

the depth of the overburden, and up to a third of a mile long, depending on the site conditions. After the coal has been removed from one cut this is filled in with the over-

. . burden from the. next and adjacent

cut. The over- . burden at this site

's mainly sand­stone, and the rock

face of the next unworked cut presented to a previously worked cut is first drilled and blasted in preparation for the actual ex­cavation.

The norm al'method of excavat­ing the loosened overburden is by means of a dragline excavator which digs, transports and dumps the material where required and is, in fact, a combined excavator and conveyor with a boom length which determines the distance of transportation. Where the over­burden is too deep to permit the overall handling of the material by a particular dragline excavator,

744 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w M ay 25, 1945

a second one is employed to rehandle the forerunner of others of its special type, in material cast over by the first excavator, but that it is propelled by a “ walking ” motion, as the result of the influences referred to This excavator has a bucket capacity of

six cubic yards and a boom 150 ft. long. It has an overall weight of 310 tons and goes through a complete cycle of operations from the initial bucket loading to the return of the bucket in less than one minute. This is a Diesel-electric equipment and the main Diesel engine, which directly propels the machine as a whole and serves the hoist and dragline equipment is a 280-HP four- cylinder set which operates at 300 RPM .

When standing, the complete machine rests on a heavy circular base or tub 30 ft. in diameter, and the actual excavating opera-

S le w in g o f a l l- e le c tr ic w a lk in g e x c a v a to r is e f f e c te d by th e 4 0 -H P lions are effected when the v e r t ic a l m o to r sh o w n b e h in d t h e d r a g lin e an d h o is t w in d in g d r u m machine is in this position,

slewing being made possible by earlier, the trend now is to develop still larger means o f a revolving frame measuring 26 ft.machines which will do the work in a single by 43 ft. A t each side o f the main body ofoperation. Another dual operation is the the machine there is suspended from one end use as a team of the more positive mechanical of the main engine shaft extending from the shovel and the dragline excavator, but here central engine room , through an eccentricagain the trend is to develop the large equipment, a “ shoe ” which measures 5 ft.stripping shovel, with specially long arms, by 34 ft. For propulsion these shoes are

C o a l is c o n v e y e d fr o m th e fa c e t o f iv e s e lf -c o n ta in e d s c r e e n in g p la n ts , fo u r o f w h ic h a r e sh o w n

w hich will also carry out the overall task in lowered and raised by means o f the eccentrics,one operation. and when they are fully lowered they

Perhaps the most interesting dragline take the weight of the complete machine,excavator on the job is one which was shipped including the base tub, which is carriedfrom America and was, we believe, the forward or backward, as required and

May 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 745

according to the direction of the engine, with the continued operation of the eccentrics, thus moving the complete dragline excavator forward or backward in 6-ft. “ hops ” and giving a continuous propelling speed of about 0-2 mile per hour.

The hoist and dragline ropes operate round a hoist drum 32 in. in diameter and a dragline drum of 34 in. in diameter, and the hoisting speed is 168 ft. per minute. The slewing motion is electrically driven by means of a supply from a 75-kW, DC generator which is driven from the main engine shaft with a belt transmission scheme of 300 to 725 (actual) ratio. This generator is separately excited by a small unit carried on its shaft extension. The slewing motor is a 75-HP, 525-RPM machine which transmits power through pinion gearing to a crown wheel mounted on a vertical shaft which is directly responsible for the slewing operations.

As regards the excavating operations as a whole, the working area about the dragline excavator is illuminated for night working by means of five 500-W lamps secured to the dragline boom for downward projec­tion. Because of the voltage variation required from the main generator for W ard-Leonard control of the slewing m otor, a separate lighting generator is installed for the boom lamps. This 10-kW, 240-V machine is also driven from the main engine shaft.

All-Electric ExcavatorsAnother dragline excavator which operates

on the walking principle is a Ruston Bucyrus- Monaghan equipment with a 5-cu. yd. bucket capacity. This is an all-electric machine and it receives a supply from the workings distribution scheme at 3 kV, 3-phase, 50 cycles, by way of a trailing cable entering the rim of the base tub. The propelling motion is served by the 200-HP main motor of a m.g. set with three other units, namely, a 120-kW, 230-V generator which supplies the 125-HP, 460-RPM hoist motor and two (one at each end) 40-kW, 230-V generators serving the slewing motor. The hoist and dragline motor is forced-ventilated by means of a separate motor-driven cooling fan mounted upon the main unit. There is

straight pinion-gear transmission to the winding drum. The motors are Ward- Leonard controlled.

The hoist and drag clutch band and all the brakes are compressed-air operated and controlled by solenoid valves which are switch controlled from the driver’s platform.

These valves are supplied from a separate 110-V exciter which serves the generators of the m.g. set, and the exciter and compressor motors are supplied at 400 V from a trans­former which has 110-V tappings to provide for the lighting on the boom which is 135 ft. long.

A Ransomes & Rapier all-electric drag­line equipment with caterpillar propulsion has a 2-cu. yd. bucket capacity. The hoist and dragline drums and the travelling motion are operated by a 60-HP, 230-V motor supplied from a 55-kW, D C generator, and the 23-HP slewing motor receives its supply from a 20-kW, DC generator. These two generators, together with a third generator which is provided for a crowd shovel motor in the event of the machine-operation method being altered, are components of a m.g. set which has a main 100-HP, 3-3-kV motor drive. The scheme embraces the Ward- Leonard system of control.

The main motor is directly supplied and a 400-V transformer with 110-V tappings supplies the exciter motor for the m.g. set and thruster motors on the hoist and dragline clutch bands, and the lighting fittings on the boom, which is 85 ft. long. While the average demand for this machine in service

M ain c o n v e y o r s o n sc r e e n in g p la n ts a r e o p e r a te d by 2 0 -H P m o to r s

746 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w May 25, 1945

is about 60 kW, a peak demand o f about 200 kW, o f about two seconds’ duration, occurs in practically every working cycle. A Ruston-Bucyrus dragline excavator with caterpillar propulsion is similar in most respects to the equipment last described, except that the clutch bands are compressed- air operated, with switch and solenoid control, and that the lighting is at 110 V, 3-phase.

A Ransomes and Rapier crowd shovel with a bucket capacity of 3-fc cu. yd. is caterpillar propelled. Its main equipment embraces a W ard-Leonard m.g. set with a 200-HP 3-3-kV main m otor, a 120-kW 230-V generator serving the 125-HP hoist and travelling motor, a 31-kW generator the 40-HP slewing motor, and a 31-kW generator the 40-HP racking motor. Thruster motor braking is employed for the hoist, while the slewing and the racking motors are served by solenoid-operated brakes. Most of the driving motors and switchgear on the all­electric excavators are o f B.T.H. production, and the transformers were made by Johnson & Phillips.

Removal of CoalAfter the overburden has been removed,

the top surface of the coal seam is cleared by bulldozers and the coal is then removed by means of Diesel-engine-driven crowd shovels which operate directly on the complete coal face and load directly into waiting lorries which transm it the coal to the screening plant. There are some extremely large Diesel-engine-driven road vehicles (“ Mack ” transporters) for carrying the coal. These are o f American production and will accom­modate up to 20 tons each. Their steering gear is hydraulically operated.

For the screening operations there are five self-contained plants, each complete with a conveyor system from the coal inlet at ground level to the outlets from the elevated enclosed screening plant proper. In each case the filled lorries or transporters from the coal face deliver their loads into a below-ground hopper through a grid at ground level. In a pit which houses the hopper is the lower end o f the main coal-delivery belt conveyor to which the coal is fed by a motor-driven shaker feeder. This main conveyor, which is about 40 ft. long/raises the coal to a point about 15 ft. above ground level and inside the screen enclosure, where it feeds a mechanical- shaker screen with a 2-in. grid. The by­passed coal from this screen is carried on to

another conveyor running at right-angles to the main conveyor to the large-coal delivery outlet. The smaller coal passed by the screen falls on to a third conveyor immediately under the main conveyor and running in the opposite direction to the small coal-outlet delivery chute.

The main conveyor is driven by a 20-HP 720-RPM Brush m otor with transmission first through a Crofts reduction gear with a ratio of 722 to 24, and then directly to the shaft of the top end drum of the conveyor. The shaker screen is driven by a 10-HP 715-RPM English Electric motor with V-belt transmission to the central shaft on the shaker equipment in which the shaking m otion is produced by an eccentric. The small-coal conveyor is operated by a 7^-HP 720-RPM Brook motor with transmission similar to that o f the main-coal conveyor, i.e ., a 720 to 24 ratio reducing gear. A practically identical driving scheme exists for the large-coal conveyor.

Each screening unit has a total capacity of 150 tons per hour. The output o f the electrical portion of the site is estimated at about 12,000 tons per week, and the con­sumption for a typical week for the whole site, including the screening, is 120,000 kWh. Over a million tons of coal are available at this site, which incorporates a part of the famous Barnsley coal seam.

We are indebted to Mr. I. W. G. Freeman, chief agent to Sir Lindsay Parkinson & Co., Ltd., and to his staff, for their help in collect­ing the above inform ation and in taking photographs.

French R ailw ay E lectrification

A LTH O U G H the electrification of the French railway network was retarded

by the war, progress has been made on the Sete-Nimes, Paris-Lyons, and Bordeaux- M ontauban lines. The Sete-Nimes line is an extension of the electrification of the old Midi line. There is still 80 km. to be com­pleted. The most im portant line, however, is the long Paris-Lyons route, Which carries the heaviest traffic in the country. Final plans have been made and the work will be started shortly. The rolling stock for the line is already being built. It does not differ appreciably from that used on the Mans and Bordeaux lines, excepting that the locomotives will be more powerful. The weight per driving axle, for example, has been raised from 20 to 23 tons. The goods locomotives will total 2,400 HP, against 1,850 on other lines, and passenger locomotives will be of4,000 HP.

May 25, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 747

l l a t t - h o n r M ete rsM ethods o f C om pensating fo r T em perature E rrors

ByTHERE is no need to em­phasise the necessity

for the performance of a meter to remain unchanged with variation of seasonal shade temperature which, even in Britain, extends over an extreme range of 90 deg. F. In the experience of the Hamp­stead Borough Council’s Electricity D epart­ment some alleviation results from thermo­static control of room temperature and so its test room is maintained at 15 deg. C. Thus the need for calibration allowances is obviated and variation of accuracy is reduced when testing uncompensated meters, but there still remains the lengthy “ warm-up ” period, while it is impossible properly to estimate allowances suitable for calibrating instruments subject to abnorm al service conditions, e.g . in a boiler house or laundry.

Compensating devices, which are certain to assume increasing importance, were introduced as early as 1930 for test models, but were not applied to ordinary commercial grade meters until after the passage of the Electricity Supply (Meters) Act, 1936.

The rotational speed of an uncompensated AC watt-hour meter increases with tem­perature on loads of unity power factor and decreases on inductive loads of lagging p.f.

O . G. W. Davis,A ssocia te I .E .E ,

Equal increments of temper­ature cause equal increments o f registration (Fig. 1) over

the whole temperature range, which covers all normal operating conditions and can be shown by experiment to remain true for all practical purposes at all loads. The actual variation of the temperature c* efficient over the whole load range will never exceed, and is usually less than,± 10 per cent, of its own mean value and,

M r. D a v is is m e t e r s u p e r in te n d e n t w ith H a m p s te a d B o r o u g h

C o u n c il

therefore, can be ig­nored. These facts greatly simplify com­pensation, since they permit the application of devices which are equally effective over the whole normal load and temperature ranges. The ideal compensating device (Fig. 1) would bring curve A as nearly as possible to the horizontal and make the angles between

curves A and B, and

The temperature coefficient, meaning the percentage increment of registration per degree C., varies between different makes and types, but in the case of modern patterns (Clause 39, B.S. 37-1937) it does not exceed 0 1 per cent, per deg. C. at unity or 0-5 agging p.f.

A and C, as small as possible.

Assuming that a rise in temperature has occurred, expansion of the framework of the meter parts may cause changes in their re­lative positions and produce a positive, zero, or negative effect on the registration, depending on design. No general statement can be made which would be valid for all types and makes.

The voltage element will be affected by the resistance of the copper coil increasing (0-4 per cent, per deg. C.) this being accompanied by a rela­

tively small decrease of inductance. In thisway the current in the winding decreasesand the reduction of its phase angle causes the meter to slow up on all power factors. The permeability of the core remains practi­cally unchanged and, since the total reluctance of the magnetic paths is largely made up of

748 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w May 25, 1945

air gaps which are unaffected, the change in voltage flux will be negligible.

The main current element is controlled by load and cannot vary. Negligible change occurs in core perm eability; therefore, no tem perature effect is apparent.

The ro tor disc resistance will increase and the inductance will slightly decrease, causing a decrease in magnitude of the eddy currents and a slight reduction of their phase angle lag. This has two effects. In respect of that part of the disc moving in the electro­magnet gap, there is decreased registration at all p.f., whereas in that part moving in the brake-magnet gap there is increased registration at all p.f. The two tend to

Fig. 2 —A llo y f lu x -sh u n tin g d e v ic e

offset one another and the total effect is of a minor order. The brake magnet flux passing through the disc will decrease and there will be increased registration at all p.f.

A light load compensator of the magnetic type comprises a soft iron member which permits controlled shift in the distribution of the voltage flux ; it experiences no change due to temperature. In the shading vane type with adjustable copper or aluminium vanes there will be decreased registration at all p.f. due to the increase in resistance. The effect, however, is only of a minor order since the compensating torque represents only a small fraction of the main driving torque, even at 5 per cent. load.

With the quadrature compensator the resistance of the loop increases with resultant decrease of current and compensating flux. The meter will run slow at lagging p.f., w'ith zero effect at leading p.f. near unity, and fast at lower leading p.f.

This analysis shows that the various effects of temperature may be resolved into two groups. In the first fall those which, for a fixed increment o f temperature, are sources of fixed increments of error at all p.f., whereas in the second group fall those which only give rise to errors at p.f. other than unity, the magnitude o f the latter errors being relative to the phase angle. This group is confined solely to the quadrature compensator.

The total effect on a meter will be the algebraic sum of all the errors, some happily offsetting others. Thus, by accident or

design, it is possible to have a combination in an uncompensated meter resulting in a low temperature coefficient for either unity or for lagging power factor, or possibly a compromise between the two. In any event there is bound to be an unavoidable difference between them.

The problem of compensation then resolves itself into the design of controllable devices for reducing, or eliminating if possible, the total effect of temperature change on a meter’s performance. When applied to any of the components within the first group, they may have the desired effect at unity p.f., but they will at the same time affect the co­efficient for all other power factors in the same direction and to the same degree. Thus, if curve A (Fig. 1) is turned down to the horizontal position, curves B and C will turn with it, maintaining the same angular disposition with respect to A. Additional and independent means must, therefore, be sought to bring the B and C curves as nearly as possible to the horizontal. It is possible to do this by suitable modification of the component in the second group, the quadra­ture compensator, or lag winding, since it is affected by temperature only at p.f. other than unity.

To summarise, compensation can , be divided into Class A for unity power factor loads and Class B for inductive loads. The first counteracts the effect of temperature variation on the field strength o f the brake magnet, or, alternatively, of the driving torque; the second controls the angle o f the quadrature compensating flux. The methods used to achieve this in practice are briefly described.

For Class A compensation a mechanical method has been devised whereby a bi-metal member may move the brake magnet radially to the disc, or a similar type moves a magnetic shunting bar in the magnet gap. The effect is to control the magnet flux, so that with

Fig. 3 —C o m p e n s a t in g in d u c ta n c e in s e r ie s w ith p o le t ip

increasing temperature the proportion cutting the disc is increased and ro tor speed decreased. Mechanical devices have the disadvantage of being unstable and the better and more usual method is to use a

flux shunting device made o f some tempera­ture sensitive material. There are various arrangem ents; in one of them, Fig. 2, the soft iron member A is permanently across the poles of magnet B, adjacent to the path of disc C. It is separated from the poles by distance pieces D ' D ' made of a special alloy which has the property of varying its per­meability with temperature. Normally the permeability is quite low and it decreases with increase of temperature. Since the leakage flux traversing the shunting bar is parallel to the main flux, any tendency for the latter to weaken with increasing tem­perature can be counteracted by a propor­tionally larger decrease of the leakage flux. By suitable arrangement the main flux can be kept at a constant value and hence the disc speed will also be constant. It should be noted that while this device is concerned with the brake magnet, it is not intended only to correct for the varying flux of that member. Actually it corrects for the com­bination of all the errors arising from com­ponents in the first group.

Another method controls the driving torque. A lamination of the same alloy is embodied in the core of either of the driving elements and has the effect of reducing the flux cutting the disc when temperature rises, due to its increased reluctance.

Variable Inductance MethodClass B compensation consists essentially

of an inductance, the value of which varies with change in temperature. Inductance C having a core of temperature-sensitive material D (Fig. 3) is connected in series with the lag compensating turns A on p o le . tip B of the voltage element. The current in the lag winding traverses the coil C, its magnitude being dependent on the inductance and hence on the permeability of the special core. Now when the temperature increases and the potential flux of the voltage coil becomes under-compensated at lagging power factor the meter would normally run slow. However, as the permeability of the special core decreases the impedance in the lag circuit is lessened and allows a larger current to flow. The potential flux is thus com­pensated and the meter is caused to run at the correct speed.

The special alloy mentioned in the pre­ceding paragraphs may be chosen from the class known as “ thermo-magnetic ” materials. In general they have patented constitutions and are known by trade names. That specified as “ Jae ” metal (Fig. 4) is composed of 69-5-70-6 per cent, nickel, 0-3 per cent. max. iron, 0-1 per cent. max. carbon and the balance copper. The per­meability is very low, being about 120 at 15 deg. C. for a magnetising force H = 5 and decreasing to about 12 for H = 100. (“ Stalloy,” by comparison, has a per-

M ay 25, 1945 E le c tr ic a . R e v i e w 7 4 9•

meability of about 3,000 for H = 5.) Its reluctance increases with rising temperature, approximately doubling for a rise o f 20 deg. C. Over the operating range of temperature the curve follows a straight line law sufficiently closely to allow equal compensation at different temperature levels, since the alloy is required to deal with only a small fraction of the total flux whether from the permanent magnet or the electro-magnets. TThus by a suitable combination of the two classes of compensation it is possible to correct for varying temperatures at all loads. The amount of success achieved depends on

Fig. 4 —V a r ia tio n o f “ J a e ” m e ta l flux d e n s ity w ith t e m p e r a t u r e (for m a g n e tis in g fo r c e

e q u iv a le n t to H = 100)

design and adjustment; because a meter is temperature compensated, it does not necessarily follow that it will be free from errors. It should be remembered that the compensators have a definite time lag and cannot readily respond to rapid changes in temperature. This is unavoidable, since considerable masses of metal are involved.

The assistance of Mr. H. Brierley, borough electrical engineer and manager, Hampstead, is acknowledged in the preparation of this article.

Silver Jubilee OutingTo celebrate their silver jubilee and the end

of the war in Europe, Hirst, Ibbetson & Taylor, Ltd., are arranging a day in Southport for their staff and friends, including an informal luncheon and dinner at the Belle Vue Hotel, o n June 20th.

750 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 25, 1945

V ie w s o n t h e H ew «Reflections on C u rren t Topics

IN the lift engineering business there are many dangers and (literally) pitfalls

which the apprentice to the trade can discover by precept or experience. The latter method is likely to prove painful or fatal and so precept is to be preferred. For this reason I welcome a little booklet which M arryat & Place, Ltd., have produced as a guide to their apprentices. In this (“ Take the Right Road ”) the mechanical and electrical hazards to be encountered and the precautions to be taken are enumerated in a simple, practical fashion. The last few pages are in a lighter vein. They contain little sketches o f the dire —even gruesome—consequences of careless­ness or (what is perhaps worse) over-clever­ness. An impression may be given that the lift engineer’s life yields more kicks and shocks than ha’pence but the fact that there are lift engineers in being means that some at least survive their apprenticeship and these must be the very fittest.

* * *

Whatever views electrical contractors and retailers have about Government control they will certainly hope that the regulation imposed by the Location o f Retail Businesses Order will not be relaxed for some time. The willingness of the public to take any sort of appliances a t any prices is bound to attract to the electrical appliance retailing business many quick-profit snatchers whose interest in the appliances they sell disappears with the sale. Such business is injurious both to the established seller of electrical goods and to the reputation o f electricity. I see from the E lectrica l W orld that in the United States the same sort of thing is feared. They have a name for those who are more enterprising than reliable—“ in-and-outers.” In their case it is considered the duty o f the electrical utility to protect the purchaser against inferior products and deceptive sales methods.

* * *

Though I strongly favour a standard form of electricity tariff and think that a lot of ingenuity is put to a perverted use inventing novel systems of charging, there do seem exceptional cases in which there may be something to be said for offering special rates for the encouragement of some new applica­tion o f electricity. I came across a case in point when visiting Tyneside a few days ago. When Pyrotenax, Ltd., opened its factory for making mineral-insulated cables at Hebburn in 1937 the processes involved were to some extent untried and the characteristics o f the load, if all-electric, could not be determined

sufficiently to ensure that any normal tariff would be suitable. Instead, therefore, of a maximum-demand charge, the North-Eastern Electric Supply Co., Ltd., offered temporarily to charge a sum based on the output of the product, together with a very low rate per unit, and two years later, when the load was established and the methods of working satisfactorily evolved, a normal type o f tariff was agreed and has been in operation ever since. But for this scheme the heat treat­ment would almost certainly not have been carried out electrically, a load o f 600 kW would have been lost to the supply under­taking, and possibly the development of the cables might not have proceeded so success­fully. It is now proposed to increase considerably the output o f the factory, which will, o f course, mean a very considerable further use o f electricity.

* * *Among the many developments held up

by the war was the Gillott electro-steam cooker described in the E lectr ica l R eview of February 9th, 1940, which was claimed to be capable of meeting all the cooking and water heating requirements of the home. I was reminded o f this by Viscount Elibank’s statement last week that the Southern Areas Electric Corporation, Ltd., had acquired a controlling interest in G illott Electro-Steam Cookers, Ltd., and I had a word with the designer, Mr. W. A. G illott, who is very well known in the industry. He tells me that during the war he has been concentrating on the production of immersion heaters but his company will shortly be in a position to turn out electro-steam cookers embodying improvements on the 1940 model which can be regarded as a prototype.

* * *Although the model which was described

in the article referred to above was designed for domestic use it was stated at the time that larger sizes were in prospect. From a talk with the Southern Areas Cor­poration I gather that, although complete plans have not been made, it is likely that these larger sizes (for hotels and such estab­lishments) will be dealt in at first. The C orporation’s support should secure a footing for the new appliances—a difficult m atter for most novel departures. I am reminded by this last consideration of the heat-storage cooker which has many good points but has never secured favour here. Electricity has a good deal o f conservatism to overcome before it can reach its greatest heights—REFLECTOR.

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 751

CORRESPONDENCELetters should bear the w riters' names and addresses, not necessarily fo r publication.

R esponsibility cannot be accepted fo r correspondents' opinions.

Factory OrganisationWT was with very mixed feelings that I read ® in your issue of May 18th the review of my first book, “ Factory Organisation and Management.” On the whole, I am rather grateful to your reviewer for treating me with so much kindness. I only hope he will feel that the second edition, which is to follow hard on the heels of the first, is an improve­ment.

I notice he accuses me of ambiguity and unusaul grammatical expressions, but 1 must say I do not think it was very fair of him to misquote me. I was also disappointed to find that he considers my treatment of budgetary control too theoretical. This is precisely the accusation I have always levelled at other books, but this time I flattered myself the reader would be well served. 1 set out to give, in complete detail, the system which I have used with success for many years.

It was also rather unfortunate that he should say “ the examples of wage rates, i.e., Is. per hour for an operative, are some years behind.” Where I quoted labour rates I was most careful to employ the Federation figure ruling at the time, although, owing to the many months the book was in the hands of the printers, these rates are to-day slightly out-of-date. As a matter of fact, 1 had half a mind to use purely arbitrary figures for the sake of simplicity and it was in anticipation of this criticism that I decided in favour of Federation rates. N. F. T. S a u n d e r s ,

Wembley. b . s c . , m . i . e . e . , f . c . i . s .

Industrial LightingWARTIME experience of fluorescent

mercury-vapour lighting in the draw­ing office, general offices and some parts of the works o f one of the largest factories in the Midlands has been that, compared with tungsten lamps, the new lighting seemed first of all too much of a white glare, giving the impression of being outdoors in the summer. After some weeks one got used to this floodlight effect, but other peculiarities manifested themselves.

First, it was found that pencil drawings were more difficult to see, as the white light had a fading effect, dark lines becoming grey, even disappearing owing to reflection from so many different angles. Another trouble was caused by backlight throwing a thin shadow line along the edge of a T-square. This was cured by fixing paper-shade strips along the edge o f the lamp cases behind the sitter.

DS

1 1

The lamps were arranged in numerous rows about 6 ft. apart parallel to the rows of drawing boards. This is not the correct way according to the rules for studio lighting, which insist that daylight should come from the left. The rows of lamps should, in my view, have been placed at right angles to the boards.

Blue prints on the other hand showed up remarkably well but faded if left uncovered too long. Black and white prints and tracings showed up quite well, but anything with a shiny surface reflected badly.

The effect in machine shops and works, previously badly lighted, has been excellent and there has been no adverse criticism, as conditions of work are unlike those in the drawing office. The average effective life of the fluorescent tubes was six months, after which a marked decrease in candle-power was apparent. Need for lamp replacement was indicated by flickering. Renewal costs compare favourably with those for metal filament lamp installations.

The best effect is obtained by placing the lamps at a height of approximately 16 ft. from the ground. Little heat is given off and no eyestrain is felt when looking direct at the lamp. Generally speaking, fluorescent light is a vast improvement on older systems if the troubles outlined can be mastered by intelligent planning and arrangement of the lamp lines.

Birm ingham, 5. C. E. S. L a n e .

Too Many Catalogue Sizes■ N your issue of May 4th a correspondent

makes a plea for the standardisation of the sizes of catalogues and similar engineering publicity matter. It may therefore be of interest to many of your readers to know that, at the request of the Royal Institute of British Architects, a committee has been set up by the British Standards Institution to consider the standardisation of the sizes of sales literature issued by manufacturers connected with the building industry. The recommendations to be made in due course will, it is hoped, remove the source of irrita­tion to which architects and others have been subjected due to the multiplicity of sizes of the sales literature which come to their attention.

Should there be a clearly defined need, the terms of reference, of this committee could be widened to cover sales literature applicable to the engineering industry as a whole.

London, S . W A . P. G o o d ,Director, British Standards Institution.

7 52 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w M ay 25, 1945

m a g n e t ic M a te r ia lsSir Law rence Bragg’s Views

I N the annual lecture to the Measurements Section of the I.E.E. last Friday Sir Law­

rence Bragg (Cavendish Professor of Physics, University of Cambridge) dealt with the scientific development o f magnetic materials. Sir Harry Railing (President) was present at the meeting, over which Mr. W. G. Radley (chairman o f the Section) presided.

S i r L a w r e n c e B r a g g suggested that the whole field of magnetic materials was one in which pure and applied science should collaborate to place this country in a stronger position. He had been told that other people had got ahead of us in the making of good transformer steel and that they could make it with a lower hysteresis loss than we could. Regarding permanent magnets he did not see why the great “ brainwaves ” of the last twenty years or so should have come from Japan, of all places. One could trace the enormous development of electronics in America to the fact that O. W. Richardson went there a generation ago; perhaps the reason why Japan, with no very great scientific achievements to her credit, had yet produced exciting new magnetic materials was that Ewing went to Japan some forty years ago as a professor at the Imperial University.

Effects of OrientationSir Lawrence went on to discuss the theory

of magnetism, to show the lines along which one might effect improvement and those on which nature had set a barrier. He referred briefly to the theories of the orientation of the molecular magnets and said the difference between a para-magnetic and a ferro-magnetic body was not that one had weak and the other had strong molecular magnets. It was that in a para-magnetic body the magnets were not subject to discipline, but pointed in all directions, and that a field applied to them would turn them only slowly, although if one made the field strong enough one would arrive at something approaching the ferro- m agnet; whereas in the ferro-magnetic body the molecular magnets were an extra­ordinarily docile crowd waiting to be given a tip as to where to point.

Which of the fundamental properties could be altered, and which could not. Saturation was not influenced by the “ geo­graphy ” of the crystal. The elementary magnet was a property of the nature of the metal as a whole and, except within rather rigid limits set by nature, one could not do anything better than iron or cobalt, which had high saturation values, nickel having rather less.

As to remanence, one could not do very

m uch; it depended on the distribution of the easy axes. For instance, in cobalt, which had one easy and one bad axis, by applying a field one could swing the elemen­tary magnets into line. When the field was removed the best that could happen was that the magnets would all go back to the hexagonal axis. The remanence would be 0-5 of the saturation. In iron there were three cube edges and one of them was fairly sure to be in the direction required. If they all remained in the best direction, there would be about 0-83 of the saturation left as remanence; and for nickel it was about 0-86. A t any rate, one would get some 20 or 30 per cent, less than the saturation as remanence. The Curie point was another property it was very difficult to alter.

Initial PermeabilityTheoretically there was no reason why

initial permeability should not be infinite giving the condition where the magnetic field would completely turn over all the elementary magnets. The reluctance to change the direction o f the magnets was due to strains which occurred as the body cooled. The way in which to achieve very high initial permeability was to arrive at something with no magneto-striction, so that the strains were not locked up in the body when it cooled.

As to coercivity, there was no reason why a body should not hang on to all the magnetism remanent in it when the field was removed. That ideal had never been achieved, but we could go a long way towards it. The figure of merit (coercivity x remanence) of permanent magnets had been improved in recent years by an enormous factor; indeed, he had a magnet which would fit into his waistcoat pocket and would lift half a hundredweight.

In an ideal world there was no reason why there should be a hysteresis loop, or any energy wasted. Enormous improvement had in fact been achieved in that direction. Thus, the three factors which had been im­proved (initial permeability, coercivity and hysteresis loss) were just those in respect of which there were no natural limits.

Indicating some o f the ways in which those problems were being attacked on the theoretical side, Sir Lawrence mentioned some fundamental work on transformer sheet steel which had been undertaken at the request of the E.R.A. In the field of magnetic materials there could be very good collaboration between pure science labora­tories and those who needed the materials for various purposes.

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 753

PE R SO N A L a m i SOCIALNews o f M en and W om en o f the Industry

IT was announced in the annual report for 1944 of the Institution of Electrical Engineers

that a committee was being set up to advise the Council on matters connected with electrical research which affect the Institution, to assist in the selection of Institution representatives on external bodies connected with research, to help such representatives and when necessary to provide liaison between them and the Council on matters of policy. The members of the new Research Committee are the President (ex officio), Dr. P. Dunsheath (chairman), Sir Arthur Fleming, Mr. T. E. Goldup, Mr. P. V. Hunter, Mr. H. L. Kirke, Mr. C. W. Marshall, Dr. C. C. Paterson, Dr. W. G. Radley and Mr. R. S. J. Spilsbury.

Mr. Forbes Jackson has been nominated as the I.E.E. representative on the Registration Board of the N.R.E.l.C. in the place of Mr. W. R. Rawlings, whose term of service has expired.

The Professional Engineers’ Appointments Bureau is inviting applications from corporate members of the Institutions of Civil, Electrical and Mechanical Engineers for the post of secretary to the Bureau. Particulars can be obtained from the acting secretary, 8, Princes Street, London, S.W.l.

The Institute of Fuel has awarded the Melchett Medal for 1945 to Professor C. H. Lander,C.B.E., for his work in connection with fuel during the past thirty years. During the war he has turned his efforts, in collaboration with others, to many further developments, some of which he may be permitted to speak about when giving his Melchett Lecture in October next.

Mr. W. R. Elliott, Secretary to the Council of the British Electrical and Allied Industries Research Association, has sent us a photograph received from his son, Lieut.-Col. N. R. Elliott, showing the headquarters staff of the 163 Command Royal Engineers (Power), 21st Army Group, B.L.A., who are responsible for the electric power work for the 21st Army Group. Lieut.-Col. Elliott is in command and is seen in

the centre of the front row wearing a service cap. It will be recalled that Lieut.-Col. Elliott, who was borough electrical engineer of Gravesend, was recently appointed to succeed Mr. A. E. McKenzie as “ chief” at Wimbledon and is to take up duties there at a later date.

Upon his release from a German prisoner of war camp, it has been announced that Flying Officer Dennis Perrin has been awarded theD.F.C. After complet­ing over forty opera­tional flights he was shot down over Germany in January,1944, when serving in a “ Pathfinder” squadron.F/O Perrin was on the works office staff of George Ellison, Ltd., and was one of the first members of the F.llison Company Home Guard.The official citation states that the award of the D.F.C. has been made for the utmostfortitude, courage and devotion to duty during numerous operations against the enemy.

Major B. G. Drummond, jun ., T.D .,A.M.I.E.E., R.E.M.E., after having commanded a field workshop in N.W. Europe has been appointed D.A.D.M.E., H.Q., 30th Corps,B.L.A.

Mr. S. H. Mortensen, chief electrical engineer of the Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Co., Mil­waukee, Wisconsin, has been awarded the 1944 Lamme Medal of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers “ for his pioneer work in the development of self-starting synchronous motors and for his contributions to the develop­ment of large hydraulic and steam-turbine driven generators.”

In spite of the prevailing difficulties, the Metrovick Dramatic and Operatic Society has presented several full-scale plays in recent times

F ly in g O ff ic e r D. P e r r in , D .F .C .

T h e h e a d q u a r te r s s ta f f o f t h e 163 C o m m a n d R o y a l E n g in e e r s (P o w e r ) , 2 1 st A r m y G ro u p

754 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w M ay 25, 1945

and has just completed nine performances of the well-known musical play, “ 1066 and All That." With its twenty-four scenes, elaborate costumes, large cast and full orchestra complica­tions, this production is claimed to be somewhat of a record for an amateur company.

Mr. O. G. Cook, chief electrical engineer and manager to the Bingley Urban District Council, has been elected vice-chairman of the l.M.E.A. Mid-East England Centre. As already reported. Councillor C. A. Goodall, chairman of the Leeds Electricity Committee, is chairman.

Mr. F. H. Williams, B.Sc. Tech., M.Inst.C.E., M.I.E.E., manager of the Galloway Water Power Co. since it first started operating, has been elected a director of the company. He will continue to hold the position of manager.

Mr. H. N. Sporborg is retiring at the end of June from the position of chairman of the board of directors of the British Thomson- Houston Co., Ltd., after completing forty-three years’ service with the company.

Mr. Sporborg is also retiring from the positions of vice-chair­man of Associated Electrical Industries,Ltd., chairman of the Cosmos Manufacturing Co., Ltd., chairman of Lamp Caps, Ltd., director of the Metro- politan-Vickers Elec­trical Co., Ltd., and director of the Switch- gear Testing Co., Ltd.

At the request of Pilkington Bros., St. Helens, Mr. Oliver Lyttelton has agreed to the release of Mr. Lewis J. B. Forbes, who at present is Regional Controller of the Ministry of Produc­tion in Scotland and chairman of the Scottish Regional Board. Mr. Forbes will leave at the end of May.

Mr. W. F. F. Martin-Hurst has resigned from the board of the British Thermostat Co., Ltd., on his appointment as chairman and managing director of Teddington Controls, Ltd., a subsidiary company.

An exhibition of some of the latest electrical devices, electric cooking demonstration by Miss Eaves, London, and lighting demon­strations, were among the features of Dundee Civic Week. A lecture on “ Television ” was given by Mr. E. Allan, Dundee, and on “ The Lighting of the Future ” by Mr. J. Gavin, Glasgow.

Mr. H. S. Allpress, A.M.I.E.E., F.I.E.S., has rejoined the London branch of the Simplex Electric Co., Ltd. He will be responsible for the industrial and traction supplies department. During the war years he has served in the Ministry of Supply in the office of the Principal Lighting and Power Officer.

Mr. F. T. D. Meares, manager of the Mechani­cal Plant Department of Noyes Bros. (Sydney), Ltd., is arriving in England at the end of this month for a three-months’ visit. While he is here he is to discuss Jhe development of trading relationships with mechanical and electrical plant manufacturers and he would like to meet

others interested in the Australian market. Communications may be sent to him c/o Bank of New South Wales, 47, Berkeley Square, W.l.

Mr. James Morey, a departmental manager with the Electric Construction Co., Ltd., who has been in the service of the company for forty- two years, has been presented with a set of tubular chairs and a framed photograph of the subscribers on his recent retirement.

ObituarySergeant-Pilot R. H. Davies.—We are very

sorry to hear from Mr. J. H. Davies, district manager of the Shropshire, Worcestershire & Staffordshire Electric Power Co., that his only son, Sergeant-Pilot R. H. Davies, 'of a fighter squadron, is presumed to have lost his life in an air operation in Jugoslavia. He was twenty- two.

Sir Rayner Barker, whose death occurred on May 14th at the age of eighty-six, was educated at the Royal Indian Engineering College, Coopers Hill; in 1879 he joined the Indian Telegraph Department and was transferred to the Indo-European Telegraph Department in 1896 as engineer and electrician. Two years later he became director of the Persian section and when he retired in 1912 was made director- in-chief of Indo-European Telegraphs at the India Office, finally retiring in 1923. He was appointed C.I.E. in 1889 and knighted upon his retirement.

Mr. E. M. Pearson, A.M.I.E.E., deputy city electrical engineer of York, whose death we reported last week, was educated at Archbishop Holgate’s Grammar School, York, and was trained in the York Corporation Electricity Department, after which he occupied posts in the Electricity Departments of Stockton, Coventry, Fulham, Stepney and Lancaster. In 1925 he rejoined the York Corporation and was appointed deputy city electrical engineer a few years later. He was sixty-one.

Mr. W. R. S. Careless, whose death in Toronto is reported, was educated at Faraday House and went to Canada in 1913. For the past five years he had been production inspector for the Dominion Department of Munitions and Supply. From 1928 to 1936 he was sales engineer with the English Electric Co. of Canada.

Mr. W. A. Rudd, northern divisional mana­ger of Hoover, Ltd., died suddenly on April 27th, at the age of sixty-two. Mr. Rudd joined the Hoover organisation in 1927. He went to the north, with headquarters in Leeds, in 1935. For some time during the war in addition to his other duties he directed a small dispersal factory there.

I.E .E . Measurements Group

THE Council of the Institution of Electrical Engineers has sanctioned *the formation

of a Measurements Group in the North- Western Centre. An informal meeting is to be held on May 30th at the Engineers’ Club, Manchester (5.30 p.m.), with the object of acquainting members with the facilities offered and to ensure that nominations will be available for the election of officers and committee of the Group. Radio and Installations Groups have already been established by the N.W. Centre.

M r. H . N . S p o r b o r g

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 755

I i ib a la u c e d R e s i s t a n c e S ta r N e tw o r k

Proofs o f the G raphical S o lu tio n

THE graphical construction for finding the phase voltages in an unbalanced

resistance star network when connected to a balanced three-phase voltage supply, while much simpler than in the general case of the unequal impedance star is not o f the type usually encountered in such problems, and the electiical significance of the operations in­volved is not obvious.

An equilateral triangle By R. L. Russell,B2 C 3 is drawn to Scale tO M .S c . . G rad ua te i .e .e .represent the balanced line voltages as in Fig. 1. If the resistances of the network are R v R 2, and R 3 and A t B2 is divided in the ratio R j : R 2 at N, B2 C 3 in the ratio R 2 : R 3 at L, and C 3 A t in the ratio R 3 : R 3 at M, then the lines A x L,B2 M, and C 3 N will be found to meet in a point O. This last result is capable of theoretical proof and is often referred to in plane geometry as Ceva’s Theorem. The phase voltages across R I; R 2, and R 3 are then

that, OE = -p -4, OF = and OG =

is accepted, then it is at least necessary to show that these conditions are involved and satisfied.

Plainly, the vector representation of Fig. 1 satisfies the first condition (a) and only the second need be considered further. Suppose

OAi f-.p _ OB2RT* OF “ TT2O fV 5. Then OE, OF, and OG

3will represent the line currents in magnitude and phase and

the vector sum should therefore be zero. The condition is, OE + OF + OG = O . . (1) or numerically, OE . cos 8 + OF . cos « =O G ..........................................................(2).Consider the triangles A 2 ON and B2 ON

OA, = A jN OIF _ NBZsin , • A m sin a sin B2NO

A 2N .s in « _ R i . sin <x

sinOG

n b 2

In

so that

orsin j8 ~ R 2 . sin P’

a similar manner OE OF OG

represented in magnitude and phase by the lines OAj, OB2, and O C3 respectively. The same lines will, of course, also represent the phase relationships of the respective line currents.

The electrical conditions prescribed by the problem are two in number. These are (a) that the vector difference of any two phase voltages should be equal to the line voltage and (b) that the vector sum of the three line currents should be zero, and it is on these that any method of solution should be based. If, however, the construction described above

sin A xNO

That is, q B“ =OE OF

sin a OF =

sinjS ~ s i n s ’ sina sin p s in s= A, say . . . . . . (3).

This result expresses the fact that OE, OF, and OG can be represented as sides of a triangle, and hence that (1) is true. Other­wise, if values obtained in (3) are substituted in the condition (2) it reduces to sin a . cos p + sin p . cos a = sin s or sin (a + P) = sin S . Since a + P = 180 — S , this relationship is obviously true and therefore (2) is satisfied, and hence condition (b).

Another MethodAn alternative procedure, and one which is

logically more satisfactory, is to establish the electrical conditions imposed by the problem as in (a) and (b) and hence deduce the graphical construction.

As before, let A j B2, B2 C 3, and C 3 A! represent the line voltages, OAx, OB2, and OC3, the phase voltages, and OE, OF, and OG the corresponding line currents (see Fig. 2). The first condition (a) is satisfied immediately, and it is now necessary to express the second in geometrical form. It is not difficult to show that if any three vectors OE, OF and OG have a zero resultant, the point O is the intersection of the median lines of the triangle EFG formed by joiningtheir extremities. For if any two of thevectors OE and OF are resolved, the two

756 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w M ay 25, 1945

components OS must be together equal and Nowhere is it essential to the arguments toopposite to 0 (5 , whilst SE and SE must be assume that A x B 2 C 3 is an equilateral triangle; equal and opposite to one another for zero resultant. That is, OG = 2.OS, and ES =SF, and O is, therefore, the median point. Thus, C 30 bisects EF, A , O bisects FG, and B2 O bisects GE.

Now, OAj = R a . OE, and if OB! = R x . OF, the line A ^ will be parallel to EF. Similarly, if OA2 = R 2 . OE, the line A 2B2 will be parallel to EF and both A 2B2 and A ^ are bisected by C 30 at P and Q respectively.Also, since the triangles A 1 NQ

A Nand B2N P are similar, =AiQ _ AiQ = AjOp b 2 a 2p a 2oR! . OE R j c tu^ —Q g = and so on for theother sides B2 C 3 and Q A x.

Thus the result on which the construction depends is obtained as a geometrical development o f a figure which represents the electrical so that the construction would be equally problem in geometrical form. valid for an unbalanced supply.

Radio-frequency HeaterTHE compact radio-frequency heater, known

as the “ Redifon RH.2 ” model, is now available from Rediffusion, Ltd., Broomhill Road, Wandsworth, London, S.W.18.

The valve generator measures only 20 by 18 by 13 inches, weighs 112 lb., and delivers over 250 W output at a mean frequency of about

50 Mc/s, which suffices to plasticise up to 3 oz. of moulding powder preforms per minute, or to set 100 sq. in. of urea glue line in five minutes.

Other purposes for which it has been employed include welding p.v.c., vulcanising rubber,

drying latex, softening “ Perspex ” and other thermo-plastic substances, treating asbestos compounds and heating small steel articles.

The output is taken from a concentric plug- socket through not mqre than 6 ft. of screened concentric cable to a variable inductance trans­former, which enables almost any load to be

correctly matched. The trans­former is mounted in a screened box, or larger metal-mesh cage with an interlocking door, capable of accommodating specimens or holders up to some 8 in. cube. The optimum setting of the matching inductance is indicated by the anode current meter on the generator panel, there being a two- pin socket for remote meter indication when the “ work ” in hand is not adjacent to the generator.

Apart from the ironclad main switch with enclosed fuses there, is a three-way high-voltage switch with “ off,” “ quarter ” and “ full” positions in conjunction with variable adjustment of intermediate settings. There are green and red pilot lamps for the valve filament and anode circuits and a three-pin socket is provided in the high- voltage transformer primary

circuit for connection to distant control orheating chamber interlock. There are radio- frequency filters in the AC mains input circuit, taking about 650 W at 180 to 250 V and 50cycles.

R a d io - fr e q u e n c y p r o c e s s in g h e a t e r fo r n o n -c o n d u c t in g m a te r ia l s

May 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 757

C o m p r e s s io n C a b leExperim ental 132-kV Installation at York

■ ONG-TERM testing under service con- J ditions for an anticipated period of five

years of a new type of gas-compression cable commenced with its power loading on April 19th, 1945. The experimental three- phase circuit consists of three single-core 0-40-sq. in. cables laid in inverted pyramid formation direct in the ground round a field and connected between two pylons in series with one of the more im portant over­head national grid lines, which has a maxi­mum rating of 90 MVA at 132 kV, selected because the heavy load it normally transmits fluctuates rapidly. Mid-way along the route length of 500 yards (a total o f 1,500 yards of

cable) is one joint-bay containing three single core joints.

The Central Electricity Board has afforded site facilities at Osbaldwick, a few miles outside the City o f York, for enclosing the reinforced concrete supports of the six sealing-bell terminations of the cables and, between them, the three 132-kV, three-phase, rotating-post B.T.H. isolators for switching the cables in and out of circuit, provided by the Enfield Cable Works, Ltd., which manufactured the cables and carried out the experimental installation in a way that should minimise interference with the normal opera­tion of the associated overhead grid line.

The construction o f the cable and arrange­ment of terminal “ breather ” accessories

•

have already been fully described (E lectrica l R eview , October 20th, 1944), but it needs to be reiterated that the compression is applied externally, not within the dielectric. The core is insulated with impregnated paper in the accepted “ straight ” manner, but two lead sheaths are provided, both appropriately reinforced. Between the oval inner and circular outer sheaths are “ new moon ” cavities (on the minor axis) filled with inert nitrogen gas, the function of which is con­stantly to exert a pressure of 200 lb. per sq. in. on the inner sheath. Such compression enables expansion and contraction o f the dielectric during temperature fluctuation

caused by varying load to be evenly accom­modated, pressure ad- j u s t m e n t b e i n g effected by metallic bellows compensators attached to the por­celain sealing bells on cable terminal posts.

Thus the inner pure lead sheath acts essentially as an im­permeable diaphragm 0 08 in. thick, which is less than that of an ordinary paper-insu­lated cable, the outer lead sheath being 0-12 in. thick. The overall diameter of the cable is about 3 in. and its rating is 394 A, which is equivalent to 90 MVA three-phase.

After erection on site all appropriate fittings and the com­pleted installation

were subjected to gas pressure tests of 300 and 285 lb. per sq. in. respectively for 24 hours. The average resistance of the “ con­ductive ” glaze on the “ stabilised ” porcelain insulators forming the cable terminals was 160 megohms at 15 deg. C. measured with a1,000-V “ Megger ” tester and a routine test at twice line voltage (DC 264 kV) applied separately to each single-core cable and its accessories, between the conductor and the earth screen, for 15 minutes before the line was put into commission showed the average leakage current for each single-core cable and its two terminal insulators to be 5 mA at 15 deg. C.

It will be appreciated that the gas is utilised solely for mechanically maintaining an

G e n e r a l v ie w o f c o m p r e s s io n c a b le s i t e a t O sb a ld w ic k , s h o w in g in c o m in g 132-kV l in e to w e r s

758 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 25, 1945

I s o la t in g s w i tc h e s w i t h c a b le s e a l in g b e l ls a t 'e a c h en d

encompassing pressure. It is not in physical contact with the dielectric ; it does not circulate, remaining in a purely static state, so that the formation o f low-pressure spaces,

or voids, is minimised. Typical ionisation graphs are among the best we have seen.

Investigation o f the principles involved in the construction o f compression cables com­menced before 1927. Experimental 66-kV and 132-kV cables laid in the grounds o f the makers’ Brimsdown works from 1928 for long-time stability tests in some cases covered more than 100 heating cycles with loads producing conductor temperatures up to 90 deg. C.

N ot one o f the num ber o f 66-kV cables commercially laid by the Enfield Co.. which have been in regular service for several years, has so far failed in operation.

Visit of Indian Industrialists

\ TNE Indian industrialists are now visiting this country to discuss with British industrialists

how far the United Kingdom can supply capital equipment and otherwise assist them in their plans for post-war industrial expansion in India. They are accompanied by a number of technical advisers and are expected to remain here about two months before going on to the United States. At the invitation of H.M. Government, the Association of British Chambers of Com­merce and the Federation of British Industries are jointly responsible for facilitating any arrangements or contacts suggested by the Indian visitors during their stay in this country. The two organisations, on behalf of British industry and commerce, cordially welcome the opportunity' this visit affords of strengthening contacts between Indian and British industrialists and will render the fullest possible assistance in arranging such business meetings as the visitors may wish.

•

G a s p r e s su r e c o m p e n s a t io n o n c a b le s e a l in g b e ll s u p p o r t

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 7 5 9

COMMERCE a n d IMM S I IClG overnm ent and Severn Scheme. A lum in ium D evelopm ent.

Severn Barrage

I N the House of Commons on May 18th, Sir Stanley Reed raised the question of the Severn

Barrage scheme. He urged the Ministry of Fuel and Power to press forward with the examination of expert reports which had been made available.

Mr. Tom Smith, Joint Parliamentary Secretary, Ministry of Fuel and Power, replied that the Minister had not yet completed his consideration of the report of the panel of experts on the barrage scheme submitted to him last October, but the report suggested that as an engineering project it appeared clear that the barrage was feasible. It would involve an expenditure estimated by the experts of about £47,000,000— a considerable expenditure on one project during the next few years. The main economic justi­fication for constructing the barrage would be the saving of a million tons of coal. The experts came to the conclusion that with coal at a price of not less than 49s. Id. per ton the barrage would be economically justified for the first fifteen years of its operation. Though the price of coal to electricity undertakings had risen substantially it had not reached 49s. Id. per ton, and it was hoped that now they could look forward to a decrease in price. The Severn Barrage proposition had not been shelved. It had been considered very thoroughly and the Minister had consulted all those who could be helpful but at the moment no decision had been taken by the Government. The Government was very much alive to the general question of harnessing water power.

Action Against Battery M akersA “ world wide conspiracy ” in the distribu­

tion of electric storage batteries was alleged in an anti-trust civil action suit filed against the Electric Storage Battery Co. and the Willard Storage Battery Co. in the Federal Court at New York. The main charge was concerned with a high-grade battery the life of which was said to be ten or seven years greater than that of any other American battery. The Govern­ment contended that this battery was kept from the American market and caused substantial difference in the operation of American war equipment.—Reuter.

Aurora LampsIn his speech at the company’s annual meeting,

Mr. G. Leslie Wates, chairman of Johnson & Phillips, Ltd., mentioned that the company had acquired the whole of the issued capital of Aurora Lamps, Ltd., Old Kilpatrick, Glasgow. The purchase includes seven acres of land and not only will J. & P. continue the lamp factory but they will also use the land for their own purposes. The management of the Aurora concern is to remain in the hands of Mr. J. B. McGillivray (chairman), Mr. J. H. Cuthbertson, B.Sc. (managing director) and Mr. J. B. Jackson, who were the promoters of the company in 1932.

During the raids on Clydeside in March, 1941, the factory was destroyed, but in six months the

company was able to record 75 per cent, of full production and by the end of the year produc­tion reached its maximum. The works was the “ nucleus ” factory for the north and the company has produced all the general-service lamps required by the Forces, the G.P.O. and Ordnance factories, as well as continuing to serve its normal customers.

Boys in the Contracting IndustryThe National Federated Electrical Association

has now fixed the rate of pay for boys employed by its members in the electrical contracting industry. Boys employed for later registration under Category II are to be paid 15 per cent, of the journeyman’s basic rate at the age of 14 and 17£ per cent, at the age of 15. Those employed for subsequent recognition under Category IV are to receive 17J per cent, of the journeyman’s basic rate at 14 and 20 per cent, at 15. To these payments there will be added 2d. per hour cost-of-living (war) adjustment.

An Active Met.-Vick. BomberLast autumn the Metropolitan-Vickers-built

Lancaster “ Aries ” flew round the world while on a navigational mission to the Pacific, and toured the United States, Canada and South Africa. Back in this country some members of the crew visited the Works just before the naming of the 1,000th bomber produced in the Metropolitan-Vickers factory at Trafford Park last year. Now “ Aries ” has made another expedition to gather navigational data, this time over the North Pole. Wing Commander D. C. McKinley, D.F.C., A.F.C., a pioneer on the Atlantic service, is captain of the aircraft.

It was reported this week that the “ Aries ” left Iceland on Friday last and landed at Goose Bay on the North-East Canadian coast. On Saturday she reached the North Magnetic Pole and proceeded to Dorval, Montreal. She was expected to arrive back at her base towards the end of this week.

E.D.A. Exhibition at ManchesterThe North West Area Committee of E.D.A.

is organising an exhibition “ Electricity Looks Forward,” in the premises of Kendal Milne, Ltd., Deansgate, Manchester. The exhibition is to be opened at 2.30 p.m. on Tuesday next. May 29th, by Lord Brabazon, President ofE.D.A., who will be accompanied by Lady Brabazon. The exhibition will run until 19th June.

“ Look To Your Lights ”This is the title of a well-produced 12-page

booklet just issued by the British Electrical Development Association which, as will be guessed, deals with the restoration of public lighting. It is suggested that lighting authorities should not merely be content with a reversion to their pre-war systems unless these were of a high order; the opportunity arises for the planning of improved lighting—electric lighting, of course. Examples are illustrated of better­

760 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 25, 1945

ment achieved by properly-planned electric lighting and stress is laid on accident prevention. Other illustrations show the progressive reduc­tion in the cost of electric street lighting since 1926-27; the much-increased consumption of electricity for this purpose; arid examples of street lighting standards. Reference is made to the recommendations of the Ministry of Transport Committee on Street Lighting and the back cover shows an example of floodlight­ing. In this last connection we may say that the pictures of the Victory floodlighting of London buildings in last week’s issue were provided by E.D.A.

Plastics ControlThe Minister of Supply has made the Control

of Plastics (No. 3) (Revocation) Order, 1945 (S.R. & O. 1945 No. 539), revoking the Control of Plastics (No. 1) Order, 1940, and the Control of Plastics (No. 2) Order, 1941. Licences are no longer necessary for the acquisition, disposal, treatment, use and consumption of plastics in the form of moulding powder, in the production of which formaldehyde, phenol, cresol, urea, thiourea and cellulose acetate are involved, or synthetic resins in which formaldehyde, cresol, phenol, urea or thiourea has been used. Use of cellulose acetate moulding powders, however, must still be restricted and under arrangements with the producers releases for the time being will be on substantially the same basis as hitherto.

For the present there will be no change in the existing method of voluntary control of other types of plastics or of plasticisers.

Paper SalvageThe mobile exhibition “ Your Paper Goes to

War,” designed and presented by the Waste Paper Recovery Association and housed in a specially-constructed trailer, has been making an extended tour of industrial areas. It has now visited over 100 factories and nearly 100,000 people have seen it, both in factories and during afternoon public showings in various towns.

The exhibition has now been entirely revised, to stress the fact that, even with victory in Europe achieved, paper salvage must continue, both for the successful prosecution of the war against Japan, and in order to meet home needs. Even when unlimited shipping space is once more available, supplies of paper-making materials will be scarce all over the world, and the deficiency must still be made up by paper salvaged at home.

Queen Mary recently spent an hour inspecting the exhibition at Badminton, the country house of the Duke and Duchess of Beaufort, where Her Majesty lived during the war.

The A.O.E.C.The Association of Officers and Staff members

of Electricity (Power and Supply) Companies of Great Britain held its annual general meeting in London on May 17th. The chair was taken by the president, Brig.-Gen. R. F. Legge, C.B.E., D.S.O., who submitted the report of the Executive Committee and the accounts for 1944.

Brig.-Gen. Legge was unamimously re-elected president for the ensuing year, and all the vice- presidents were re-elected. Three retiring members of the Committee were re-elected and

three new members were elected: Messrs. W. C. Gould (Southern Areas Corporation), W. E. Budding (Edmundsons Corporation, Ltd.) andH. J. Tyler (London Electric Supply Corpora­tion) to fill vacancies caused by the retirement of Messrs. E. M. Kindersley and T. J. Smith. The hon. treasurer (Mr. F. Judge) and the secretary (Mr. E. J. Gibbons) were also re­elected.

In his address Brig.-Gen. Legge said that last year he explained that the existing provisions for compensation did not afford protection to employees of holding companies which con­trolled authorised undertakings but whose work was nevertheless in or about an authorised undertaking. The Executive Committee had been in communication with the Ministry of Fuel and Power generally on the subject and had secured an assurance that the points raised by the Association would receive consideration.

Purchasing Officers’ AssociationMembers of the Purchasing Officers’ Associa­

tion iLondon Branch) and visitors, numbering in all nearly 200, gathered in the private theatre of the British Gaumont Film Corporation at Wardour Street on May 14th, to see Guest, Keen & Nettlefold’s film “ From Ore to the Finished Product.” Mr. R. E. Wilkins com­pered the film after the introduction by Mr. Clyde Parson. Sir Samuel R. Beale, K.B.E., chairman of Guest, Keen & Nettlefold, gave a short address in the course of which he stressed the importance of having a representative body of professional buyers and urged the need for a comprehensive examination and educational scheme for the younger members of industry as outlined by the P.O.A.

After the film a development meeting of the P.O.A. was held, when Mr. W. H. Napper, branch chairman, presided. The president (Mr. F. L. Hart), the national chairman (Mr. P. T. Appleby) and other members of Council addressed the meeting on the growth, aims and activities of the Association.

Conditions in East AfricaTo assist manufacturers with their export

plans the Department of Overseas Trade is preparing a series of booklets reviewing com­mercial conditions in various countries. The latest of these, which deals with British East Africa, is obtainable, price 6d., from the Stationery Office or through booksellers.

Vactric Making Vacuum Cleaners AgainVactric, Ltd., which celebrates the twenty-

first anniversary of its formation this year, has commenced production in its new factory at Chapelhall, Airdrie, Lanarkshire. It is manu­facturing a cylindrical vacuum cleaner, the “ W.100 ” model, first introduced in 1938, as the forerunner of the range of appliances which it is planned to. produce at this factory. War restrictions have made it necessary to forgo the storage cabinet, de-mothing attachment and clip- on nozzle brush, but the cleaners will be more than welcome in many homes which have been cleanerless during war years. Hitherto, the company supplied both the wholesaler and the retailer, but in future it will supply direct to the retailer only. To achieve this object the country has been divided into sales areas, each

May 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 761with its own manager, and in due course it is planned to open premises centrally situated in each area, with showroom, warehouse and service facilities. Exports also play a prominent part in the Vactric programme, and preliminary inquiries indicate very much increased markets lor all types of appliances, as soon as restrictions are relaxed.

Aluminium Development AssociationThe president, the Hon. Geoffrey Cunliffe,

and the Council of the newly formed Aluminium Development Association gave an inaugural luncheon at Claridge’s on May 10th. In proposing the health of the guests, who included Sir Stafford Cripps, Minister of Aircraft Pro­duction, and Mr. Hugh Dalton, President of the Board of Trade, the president said that the new Association intended to carry out propa­ganda, but that this would be directed not simply to the sale of aluminium, which should be used only where it ought to be used. The three main objects of the new Association were to develop by practical means and not merely by old- fashioned sales talk, to encourage research, and to use propaganda and advertising in what it was hoped would be an intelligent manner.

An exhibition “ Aluminium—from War to Peace ” is to be held at Selfridge’s Store, Oxford Street, London, the opening ceremony being performed by Sir Stafford Cripps at 11.30 a.m. on May 30th. The exhibition will continue until June 30th.

Canadian Aluminium ContractBecause of man-power and fuel shortages in

the United States, the Aluminium Company of Canada has been asked to increase this year’s shipments of ingot aluminium by 250,000,000 lb., in addition to the 1,290,000 lb. ordered for delivery from Canada before July 1st. This action is taken despite the fact that half the United States aluminium production capacity is idle, the result of insufficient man-power and an under-estimate of the supplies necessary to prosecute the war in the Far East, and to meet civilian demands. The contract has been placed in Canada because American production will be inadequate to meet demands, due to a shortage of coal. In Canada, the electricity needed to produce aluminium is generated by the water power available at Shipshaw, Shawinigan and Beauharnois, whereas the power used in the United States is generated by coal-consuming steam plants.

U.S. Restrictions LiftedRestrictions on the manufacture and distribu­

tion of a group of products including electric motors, generators and electric safety-switches are being lifted by the United States War Produc­tion Board.—Reuter.

Trade PublicationsDe la Rue Insulation, Ltd., Imperial House,

84, Regent Street, London, W .l.—Data booklet setting out the physical and electrical properties of ” Delaron,” which is paper or fabric im­pregnated with phenol-formaldehyde and com­pressed into sheets, having excellent structural and dielectric characteristics ; it may be bonded to synthetic rubber to form " Delaprene.’ Also an illustrated machining manual containing

advice on how to work this laminated plastic to fine limits and in intricate forms.

Siemens Electric Lamps and Supplies, Ltd., 38. Upper Thames Street, London, E.C.4.— Priced and illustrated leaflets briefly specifying a weatherproof cast iron street lighting fuse box for mounting on a wall or post or inside a lamp standard (Z.158) and a metal-clad service switch- fuse box with detachable cable sealing chamber (Z.159).

Applicants for copies of these publications should write on business letter-headings.

Overseas Agents’ AgreementOver 500 applications have been received by

the Gauge & Tool Makers' Association, Stand- brook House, Old Bond Street, W.l, for copies of its specimen agreement for the employment of overseas agents. The list includes the names of a number of electrical concerns.

Trade AnnouncementThe head office of E. K.. Cole, Ltd., is once

again at Southend-on-Sea. The return from Aston Clinton, Bucks, was made on May 18th and all invoices, credit notes, statements and correspondence concerning purchases accounts should now be sent to the Ekco Works, Southend.

HolidaysBritish Insulated Cables, Ltd., are closing

their Prescot works from July 28th to August 6th and the Helsby works from July 30th to August 6th.

Change of NameIn view of their proposed post-war activities,

North London Toolmakers, Ltd., have been re­registered as N.L.T. Industries, Ltd.

TRADE MARKS* PPL1CATIONS have been made for the

-c*- registration of the following trade marks. Objections may be entered within a month from May 16th:—

L o n d e x .—No. 632,010, Class 11. Electrical installations and apparatus for heating, cooking, steam generation, refrigeration, drying, ventilat­ing, water supply and for sanitary purposes; and parts thereof not included in other classes.—• Londex, Ltd., 207, Anerley Road, London, S.E.20.

H a i l r a y , H a i l c r i s . Nos. 633,915-6 respec­tively, Class 11. Glassware for lighting; and lighting fittings. Also H a i l u x o . N o . 633,917, Class 11. Glassware for lighting; miners’ lamps; and lighting fittings.—Hailwood & Ackroyd. Ltd., Beacon Works, Texas Street, Morley, Yorks.

D u e ra m . N o . 630,017, Class 17. Electricalinsulating materials, and electrical insulatingparts made therefrom; electrical insulators.— South Shields Products, Ltd., 14, Berkeley Street, London, W.l.

A l o r i t e . No. 633,199, Class 17. Electricalinsulators and parts, all of porcelain.—Dorman & Smith, Ltd., Ordsal Electrical Works, Middle- wood Street, Salford, 5.

I n s u l o i d . No. 635,045, Class 17. Electricalinsulating materials.—Insuloid Mfg. Co., Ltd., Ford Street Mill, Chestergate, Stockport.

762 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 25, 1945

S E ł ł KOOKST he S tudy o f E lectronics

Experimental Electronics. By R alp h H. Muller, R. L. Garman and M. E. Droz. Pp. xv+ 330; illus. George Allen & Unwin, Ltd., Ruskin House, 40, Museum Street, London, W .C.l. Price 21s.

The authors of this book are professors of chemistry at New York University and, to quote their preface, their intention has been “ to supply definite practical information on the characteristics and non-communication applica­tions of electron tubes.” They have written chiefly for the benefit of students of chemistry, biology and engineering and their aim is to familiarise them with electronic apparatus by stimulating them to carry out numerous ex­periments.

With this end in view the book takes a rather unusual form, for it consists of descriptive text and illustrative experiments in roughly equal parts. The ground covered includes multi- electrode valves as well as triodes, photo­electric cells and gas-discharge tubes, power supplies and voltmeters for both DC and AC measurements. There are also chapters on photo-cell applications, untuned amplifiers, oscillators and the cathode-ray tube.

The treatment is sometimes rather sketchy, especially towards the end of the book where the subjects tend to greater complexity. In some cases the authors would have been wiser to omit all reference to complicated devices and to utilise the space to deal more fully with the simpler equipment. Thus, photo-cells are allocated thirty-three pages, of which twenty- four cover photo-emissive types and barrier- layer cells, while the remaining nine are descriptive of electron multipliers, iconoscopes and orthicons. These last are the province of the skilled electronic engineer and could well have been omitted. The practical side of the book is rather less good than the descriptive and would be improved by some expansion. The authors talk lightly about circuits using 100-megohm resistors without any mention of such practical difficulties as the avoidance of surface leakage.

Errors are few, but not entirely absent. On page 246 it is said that the replacement of the coupling resistance of an R.C. stage by an inductance of equal reactance will leave the stage gain unaltered. The authors have for­gotten that this is a case where vector addition is necessary, and in fact, the change increases the gain. Further, in discussing crystal oscillators on page 277, they say that the anode circuit of a tuned anode oscillator must be tuned to the crystal frequency for “ strong oscillations.” In fact, the circuit would not oscillate under this condition, for it requires an inductive load for oscillation. While a very serious error from

the theoretical point of view, it is unlikely to embarrass the experimenter, for he will auto­matically tune the anode circuit to provide the requisite inductive load.

There is a good bibliography and the book should be of value to the student who con­scientiously carries out the experiments and who has access to the necessary apparatus for doing so. It is advisable that he should already possess a good basis of fundamental electrical theory, however.—W.T.C.

An Introduction to Electronics. By R. G.Hudson. Pp. 97, figs. 72. The MacMillanCo., 60, Fifth Avenue, New York, U.S.A.Price, $3.

It has been said, with much truth, that the last war was a chemists’ war while this one is a physicists’. Why this statement has been made will be apparent to anyone who cares to take up the present book under review. Here he will find elementary descriptions of radar, radio compasses, iconoscopes, photons, electron orbits, cathode-ray tubes, thermionics, frequency modu­lation, atomic energy, electron microscope, and cyclotron. A host of other topics is lucidly touched on, with sufficient force to maintain the interest of the reader, and introduce him to the highly specialised field of electronics.

Our knowledge of the fundamental facts connected with the electron, both as particle and wave and the translation of these into practical devices has produced many good books on the subject. These, as a rule, are for the specialist, and a popular text set out in plain language and with a wealth of illustration is indeed welcome.

The book is divided into seven chapters, beginning with a review of our present concep­tions of the constitution of matter, in which the more modern aspects are dealt with. These include the Bohr model, isotopes, cosmic rays, positrons, mesotrons, cyclotron and transmu­tations. The second chapter enlarges on the electrical nature of matter and gives a modern picture of the conduction process under various conditions. The remaining five chapters deal mainly with applications built on these theories, in the fields of radio communication, reproduc­tion of sound and vision, and the very interesting work with the electron microscope.

The text is given emphasis by the very beauti­ful collection • of thirty-five plates interspersed through it, and which illustrate the large variety of applications. These are exceptionally good, and would constitute in themselves a “ liberal education ” in electronics. The work is non-mathematical, and, within the limitations imposed on the author, should help to stimulate interest in an increasingly important field.—L.J.

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 763

M o b ile R a ilw a y W o r k s h o p sAll-Electric V ans fo r Em ergency R epair W o rk

rBTO facilitate repairs on or near railways, regulator, voltmeter and under voltage M l particularly in connection with the device fuses, synchronising fuses, syn- restoration o f transport and other services chronising lamps and sockets, voltmeter on the Continent, the W ar .Department has resister (multiplier), “ S i lv e r s ta tv o l ta g e

regulator, and air cir- cuit-breaker control for the whole train.

From the alternator switch panel the supply is carried to metal- clad switch- and fuse- gear (Sanders) housed in a steel cupboard at the end of the van. A change-over switch is situated close to its base, which in its “ up ” position pro-

S ix -tr u c k m o b ile tr a in w o r k ­sh o p u n it and (r ig h t ) 3 0 -k W D ie s e l-d r iv e n a l t e r n a t o r , w ith b a t te r ie s f it te d u n d e r n e a th

t h e tr u c k

had several special engineer- .ing workshop trains con­structed. Each o f these consists o f six vans, 24 ft. long by 8 ft. wide, the first containing electrical gene­rating plant, the second and third workshop equipment, the fourth welding plant, the fifth air compressors, and the last stores.

The generating plant comprises an American “ International ” model 1M-30 four-cylinder Diesel engine (petrol starting) directly driving a 30-kW,AC generator at 1,000 RPM, the exciter being mounted a top o f the alternator. N ormally it produces a standard (British) 400 230-V, 3-phase, 50-cycle supply, though it can be adapted to the 220 127-V. 60-cycle American system. A 100-A four- pin Reyrolle plug and socket in the end of the generator van permits the supply to be fed out to neighbouring equipment, or, alter­natively, an outside mains supply can be connected up with the train.

In case it is found necessary to use the generator in parallel with a second generator in another van. synchronising gear is pro­vided on the switch panel (American G.E.) mounted on the end o f the machine. This switch panel also incorporates a voltage

vides for the supply to be taken from the alternator, the “ down ” position con­necting with the alternative outside supply. A 30-A double-pole switch enables the lighting (25-V) circuits to be run either from the generator through a G.E.C. 2-kVA transformer, or from twelve L.M.C. " C " type batteries (supplied by Pritchett & Gold), which are suspended in two containers under the generator van and are fitted with isolating links. The batteries are charged from the generator by means o f a G.E.C. trickle- charger.

The three-phase and neutral power supph

764 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w May 25, 1945

is taken through 60-A four-pin " N ip h a n ” water­tight plugs andsockets situated at the end of each van and coupled by means off l e x i b l e c a b l e .Single-phase sup­plies are alsoprovided for some o f the smaller machines. The two- wire 25-V lighting supply is available for the whole train, bulkhead fittings in the roof being supplemented by Benjamin adjust­able fittings overthe machines and benches and by portable “ gripper ” type hand-lamps.All the wiring, with the exception of the flexible couplings, is v.i.r. in conduit, which in the case of the power supplies is fitted to the under-frame of the vans and for the lighting, to the roof. Spare lighting and power inter-van leads are fixed to the roof cross bars.

Equipment of workshop No. 1 com­prises a Milford pedestal grinder (j-H P motor) a 15-in. sensitive vertical heavy duty Alfred Herbert pillar drill (f-H P m otor for

the drill, 1/10-HP unit for the sludge pump) and an 8+-in. D. Mitchell & Co. sliding surfacing and screw­cutting machine (3-HP). Installed in the second workshop are a f-in. sensitive “ Ajax ” ver­tical driller (i-H P) an Edward G. Herbert hacksaw (3-HP), a Her­bert screwing machine for piping, a .20-in. Joshua stroke shaper, and a 16-ton Tangye

E le c tr ic w e ld in g p la n t , th e m a in s w itc h an d fu s e sw itc h an d fu s e p a n e l ( to p ) a n d o n e o f t h e w o r k s h o p t r u c k s ( le ft)

hydraulic press. The local metal-clad switch-fuse units (Bill Switchgear, Ltd.) for the individual machines are grouped at the end of the vans, steel troughing (Power Centre Co.) being effectively employed here and else­where to avoid crossing conduits. Spare fuses are provided close to each fuse unit in screwed-down wooden boxes. In addition to a Murex electric welder (30-V, 300-A) fixed in the

M i ! 2 5 . 1 9 4 5 Electiuc al Remît» "65

n a s

S i

melding >em there is a portable x i r o k i r n e a » fc c n î un;: for outsrde » o ti_ Tbe c î g - n esso r -inn installed in tbe fifth is 3 Diesd-driv ea machine tw a fa c n m e d by Broom A W ide. Lsd.

Tbe via» themselves ¿re o f .Vdckse - uriKtv ~ nme ¿3d. brouaht across tbe

Atlantic in -c .'K 'nx have been s s a n b fe d b> \V G R-g- . - ' Lsd. Thorpe A Thorpe. L id . whose Stafford n ta m s x . M r G . F. Thome we thank for assessing as in the preparation o f das artide. h i '« acted as electrical con­tractors for this and nine similar workshop units.

M a n u fa c tu r e r s* W a r W o r k —IVE quipm ent fo r the Allied Forces

E r ^ t f s « « H e z r c w - ' s s i » ^ f o r *se «■ erajb s - rorra& le pow er seats csss ac^c *efe ae a

N a -ra i A i r S eae iea i

dockvard work, tbe company bas mar.u.- t œ k J shockproof w etem art switchgear.

M îSjoqs o f parts rave also beer prodaced for W hisky ¿ rd Lancaster bombers.Rediffwsjow. Lid.

To overcome tbe probiest o: uccustommg d r crews in g to tbe c o r i r o r s tbe>would meet t r o ro ra ro ra ! n r c without raving to serd tbe— oct over an actual

British N anosil Electrics. Lid.A > eaiiv as M i>. 1959. this company. in m a rrc tpa tion o f bosrrtses. opened a r air-

mar. departm ert a r c commenced m akirg tau- plare units for Hurricane tighter aircraft, and continued to do so aaiil S94A Mean­while other componeats were produced, m d rd trg many hundreds o f parrs o f 2W L- Icsag fmefage side fairings. as well ¿5 steer strader items as tbe rudder bar assembly, foe W dSagioo bombers. P ro d ac ro r was disc deveJoced o f the large overload fad ~ tn ts for the Halifax bomber, unc this T e re d tbe way for hm dreds o f K tuson a r i s for A merican Thunderbolt nghters.*iiw 1F1 1 components for m ary otber types o f aircraft w ere also handled, together with very large numbers o f tropical containers-

l r the sheet metal departments thousands o f -anils for bottle rack stowage o f H .V am m am boa were made for amcrart carriers, together with a co asta rt output o f lockets for mess. kit. and damage control purposes- A m -cordm cm rg apparums for radar ecaipm srt_ was also :;7vkTT-ker Meanwhile the com- rany 's norm al peacetime products o f ekctrsc cookmg ana beating appli­

ances were c o rd r re d to tbe r a \ m_~. poss.- ble. and all was performed with a high proportion o f unskilled labour

Erski»e. Heap A Co.. Ltd.In tbe mam Erskine. Heap A Co.. Lid.,

have neer. manufacturing sv.tchgear and m otor control gear fo r tbe Admiralty. Air M iasssy and Mtmstry o f Supply, as weD as a j|H l)M g a considerable amount o f similar gear to use L~.S-S.R_ and many hundreds o f switchboards for use in transportable row er stations. For tbe Admmaky. apart from a large number o f switchboards tor various sea docs a r home and abroad and for

766 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 25, 1945

target, the Rediffusion trainer has been in use since as early as 1940 and has helped in the training o f many thousands of bomber crews. The apparatus takes the form o f a cubicle or, in some cases, the fuselage o f a bomber, containing all the usual instruments found in an aeroplane. The compartm ent is connected to the instructor by wire, and it is possible to reproduce all the aural and visual effects the crew would experience.

Dynamo & M otor Repairs, Ltd.The production of motor generator sets

has been the principal war activity in the manufacturing section of Dynamo & M otor Repairs, Ltd. Typical o f the thousands made in wide and interesting variety are m otor alternators for anti-submarine detec­tion and scientific and testing establishm ents; frequency changers; motor generators for electricity supply conversion in factories, in the field, on the quayside, at home and overseas; motor generator sets for special and vital applications; and arm atures for aircraft generators. All this work has been superimposed upon much extended activity in the sphere o f electrical repairs, rewinding and reconditioning, consequent upon the heavy demands from the Ministries, the Forces and public utility undertakings.

Moffats, Ltd.For five weeks before the invasion of

France, the infra-red paint-drying plant at Moffats’ factory was in operation day and night fabricating hundreds of tons of steel sheets up to 10 gauge for use in making tanks waterproof.This type of drying plant has also proved most valuable in the speeding up o f production of the paint and oil drums, o f which the company has manufactured approximately 250,000, and also o f Bren magazine boxes and amm unition boxes, of which it has produced about 130,000. In addition the company has turned out several thousand 10-in. signalling pro­jector switches.

Universal Boilers & Engineering Co., Ltd.Well known before the war for its wash-

boilers and now busily engaged with post-w ar' plans for manufacturing the Poplar all­electric kitchen unit, a new type o f washing machine and probably an autom atic dish­washing machine too, the Universal Boilers & Engineering Co., Ltd., in 1938 established an associate firm, Burnley Aircaft Products, Ltd. Owing to the prom inent' part it has taken in aircraft manufacture and repair, this offspring has, if anything, become better known than its parent. A knock-off escape door, which has probably contributed much towards saving the lives o f airmen, was de­

veloped in its works. Jettison tanks and bomb doors are also items which have figured largely in the company’s production, while successive improvements in method have made for substantial man-hour economies. Much o f the old Blenheim programme was executed at the company’s works, as well as the production of Stirling heavy bombers. Jigs for gliders and tools for a multiplicity of war jobs have also been produced.

Yorkshire Electric Transformer Co., Ltd.Many hundreds of transformers for

R.A.F. airfields in the Far East, Middle East and at home were this company’s early contribution to the war programme. Several5,000-kVA, 33-kV transformers were supplied to the C.E.B. for the emergency A.R.P. scheme, and many 5,600-kVA, 35-kV units were manufactured for Russia, the first two of these being completed in only six weeks. O ther items include experimental work on airfield lighting control for the Fleet Air Arm,

5 ,0 0 0 -k V A , 33-k V“ Y o r k s h i r e " t r a n s f o r m e r s , e m e r g e n c y s p a r e s fo r t h e C .E .B .

large power station transformers for ordnance factories, and distribution and special trans­formers for Admiralty establishments in all parts of the Empire. Also under the relief and rehabilitation schemes “ Yorkshire ” transformers are playing their part in the restoration of power supplies in Europe.

Fabricated steel structures have formed a large part of the production, and bridging equipments have included many thousand panels for Bailey bridges, chord reinforce­ments for the Bailey pontoon bridges and sections of the “ V ” trestling railway bridge, totalling more than 50,000 separate parts. Mulberry H arbour was also contributed to in the shape of bombardon tanks for the outer breakwaters. M any parts have also been fabricated for the Sherman and other tanks.

May 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 767

^iext W in te r ’s L o a dPrecautions R ecom m ended by the Com m issioners

« EPETITION of the conditions which prevailed last winter is anticipated in a

letter which the Electricity Commissioners have sent to the chief engineers and managers of all authorised electricity undertakings. They say that although the extent to which the maximum electricity demand in the country generally may be affected by the conclusion of the war in Europe cannot be estimated with any certainty, some shedding of load may be unavoidable during the next two winters, especially in the event of a severe cold spell. The Minister of Fuel and Power has therefore asked the Commissioners to seek the co-operation of all electricity undertakings in minimising inconvenience and loss to consumers.

Arrangements with Industrial ConcernsA number of undertakings supplying large

power consumers have been able to make satisfactory arrangements by which, on receipt of a telephone message, the industrial load in certain factories is reduced by the amount required, and supplies to domestic consumers, shops, hospitals, and those factories, etc., engaged on continuous process work, have not been affected. Engineers and managers are asked to consider, if they have not already done so, how far such a procedure is feasible in the case of their undertaking. Such an arrangement is dependent upon the willing co-operation of the principal industrial consumers, and involves the preparation of a list of these consumers with the extent of possible load reduction in each case. The list should be divided into groups so that no one consumer is asked to curtail his demand more frequently than necessary.

In the case o f undertakings with no large industrial consumers, consideration should be given to the districts which, in emergency, must be disconnected (in rotation), avoiding, as far as possible, interruption of supplies to factories, etc., engaged on continuous process work, hospitals and similar establishments, especially without prior warning.

The Central Electricity Board, whenever possible, will notify undertakers before midnight when there are signs that load shedding is likely to be required during the following morning. Undertakers will then be in a position to pass on this information to those of their consumers who may be affected, so that they can take quick and effective action when a request for load shedding is issued by Central Board Control. Any undertakers receiving such a warning should immediately transmit it to any under­takers to whom they give a bulk supply.

The possibility of load having to be shed during the coming winters would be greatly reduced, if not eliminated, if arrangements could be made by industrial consumers for a more substantial transfer of load from the morning to the afternoon period, thereby reducing the peak load. In the Commis­sioners’ circular letter of December 1 st, 1944, it was shown that the difference between the morning and afternoon national load was of the order of 870,000 kW. The maximum possible transfer of load from the morning to the afternoon period is equally necessary during the summer months when it is neces­sary to overhaul and repair plant in order to ensure as far as possible adequate supplies during next winter. After the essential with­drawals of plant for repair and maintenance, the margin available for operation during the summer months is already dangerously low. The excess of the morning demand over the afternoon demand is now of the order of 1,190,000 kW.

The Regional Boards of the Ministries of Production and Food have been asked to co-operate and may ask for support in their discussions with large industrial consumers.

Surplus “ Private ” PowerRisk of load shedding may be further

reduced if undertakers can make any arrange­ments to supplement their supply at peak periods by taking surplus power from private plants in their areas. Undertakers should also investigate the possibility of coming to an arrangement with the owner of any stand-by Diesel-engine plant in their area for its operation so as to relieve the public supply system of the whole or part of the demand normally made by the owners of the plant. The Air Ministry has indicated that some of the plant at its establishments could be used for this purpose.

Unless some such arrangements have already been made, undertakings are asked to get into touch with the owners of Diesel plant in their areas with a view to making the best possible arrangements for its operation probably at short notice during emergency peak hours.

In some cases it may not be possible or desirable to run Diesel plant in parallel with the public supply system, and special switch­ing arrangements may have to be made.

In view of the oil supply position and of the necessity for the strictest economy in the consumption of fuel for power production, the operation of plant under the arrangements contemplated above should as far as practic­able be confined to any “ danger period.”

768 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w May 25, 1945

ELECTRICITY SU P P L YNew W est H am psh ire Tariff.

Aldershot.—E l e c t r i c i t y o n N e w E s t a t e s .— The Works Committee has recommended that electricity be used for cooking, wash boilers and lighting on the Bellevue Road Estate. It is proposed to use electricity for lighting only on the Lower Farnham Road estate.

S e r v i c e s .—It is recommended by the Elec­tricity Committee that mains be laid free of charge in the roads on the temporary housing estates.

I n c r e a s e in C o n s u m p t i o n .—During the year ended March 31st last the Electricity Com­mittee purchased 35,100,900 kWh as compared with 29,299,800 kWh during the preceding year—an increase of 19-79 per cent. Increased consumption, higher maximum demand and dearer coal have increased the cost of electricity purchased from £31,719 to £38,005. This represents an increase of 0-061d. in the cost per kWh purchased.

Bedford.—L o a n s .—The Electricity Committee has obtained sanction to borrow £3,028 for mains and equipment and £115,000 for the technical development of the undertaking.

Carlisle.—S u p p l y t o G r e t n a .—In order to provide an electricity supply to Guards Farm, Gretna, it is proposed to extend the high-voltage transmission cable from Black Bank substation via Mill Hill, Gretna Station and Sark Bank. The extension, which will include three sub­stations, will enable the Corporation to serve certain premises now being supplied by the Dumfriesshire County Council under Fringe Orders, and it is proposed to apply for the revocation of the Orders. Application is to be made for sanction to borrow £2,730 plus any sum agreed to be paid to the Dumfriesshire County Council.

Dingwall.—S t r e e t L i g h t i n g D e c i s i o n .—The Town Council a t its last meeting decided by seven votes to six to adopt electricity for street lighting in place of gas. It is estimated that this will involve a rate of 7Jd. in the £1.

Hastings.—A d d i t i o n a l S u p p l y .—The Elec­tricity Committee is to extend substation equipment at a cost of £1,575 to provide an additional supply to Gypsum Mines, Ltd., which is to install additional electric motors at its works for driving machinery to increase the output of plaster required for building works.

L o a n s .—Application is being made for sanction to borrow £5,000 for mains and services, £3,000 for meters, £3,000 for sub­stations and £3,000 for apparatus.

Hull.—C o s t o f C o a l .—In a report to the Electricity Committee the general manager (Mr. D. Bellamy) said that the increase of 3s. 6d. a ton in the price of coal which came into force on May 1st meant an additional £35,000 expenditure per annum to the Elec­tricity Department. Fuel costs were now 136 per cent, higher than before the war, which represented roughly £200,000 a year to them. He pointed out that coincident with each successive increase in price which had taken place, there had been a general fall in heating values, which represented an enormous sum

B ritish P lan t in N ew Zealand.of money apart from the extra cost of labour and transport. There were penalties for adulteration of other commodities but no account, he added, was taken in the coal industry of the question of quality. Percentage additions should maintain some relation between price and quality. He said that a letter embody­ing these views framed by the Mid-East Midland Coal Supplies Committee was being sent to the Minister of Fuel,and Power asking him to take such action as might be expedient. On the recommendation of Mr. Bellamy the Electricity Committee decided that copies of the terms of the letter should be sent to the local M.P.s.

Newport (Mon.).—P r o p o s e d P r ic e R e d u c ­t i o n .—In 1940 electricity charges were increased by 10 per cent. This addition has recently been halved, following a report by the borough electrical engineer, and it is now recommended that in the case of non-industrial consumers the remaining 5 per cent, addition shall be removed as from the June quarter meter readings. This is opposed by some members of the Council on the grounds that the time is not opportune for this further concession to be made.

Oswestry.—R e f u n d f r o m C o m p a n y .—At a recent meeting of the Town Council it was reported that after negotiations with the North Wales Power Co. and various electricity authorities in North Wales the company had decided to refund £40,000, of which about £3,000 would be received by the Oswestry undertaking. Councillor L. D. E. Turner said that half of this would go in taxes, and the remainder would be used to meet the cost of certain works out of revenue instead of raising a loan.

Stockton-on-Tees. — S u b s t a t i o n s . — The Town Council intends to start work without delay on new substations in West Row (£13,000), in Outram Street (£7,094), Norton High Street (£10,855) and Norton Road (£5,472). A supply of electricity is to be provided to Albany Road housing site at a cost of £8,140.

Swansea.—S u p p l y t o S t e e l w o r k s .—The Electricity Committee has arranged terms for the provision of a supply to the Upper Forest & Worcester Steel & Tinplate Works, Ltd.

Torquay.—D i s t r i b u t i o n W o r k s .—Mains and substations are to be provided by the Electricity Committee at Newton Abbot at a cost of £16,500 and in the central area (£2,200).

Permission has been given for the Urban Electric Supply Co. to afford a supply to consumers at Dittisham, in the Corporation’s supply area.

West Hampshire.—N e w B l o c k T a r i f f .—The West Hampshire Electricity Co., Ltd., and the Ringwood Electric Supply Co., Ltd., have announced reductions in charges which, it s stated, represent a saving to consumers of about £20,000 a year. One of the changes, according to the Bournemouth D aily Echo, is the intro­duction of new block rates, in place of the existing two-part tariffs. After a limited number of kWh at the primary rate of 7d. (or

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 769

6d. in the boroughs of Rornsey and Eastleigh and the parish of Eling) all supplies will be at the uniform rate of Id. per kWh; there will be no meter rents.

W e s t H a r t l e p o o l . — S u b s t a t i o n s .— The Town Council proposes to provide a new substation in Park Square, and external substations in Thornhill Gardens and Borrowdale Street.

OverseasB r a z i l . — W a t e r - P o w e r P l a n t .— According

to the Bulletin of the Brazilian Federal Council of Foreign Trade, the capacity of the hydro­electric power plants in Brazil in operation at the end of 1943 amounted to 176,000 kW or about 14-2 per cent, of the estimated total potential water power available in the country.

C a n a d a .— O n t a r i o F a r m S u p p l i e s .— TheOntario Hydro-Electric Power Commission has undertaken a five-year plan of rural electrifica­tion by which an expenditure of S22,439,875. will make the Commission's services available to nearly 85 per cent, of the farmers within the areas it serves, compared with 55 per cent, at present.

S h a w i n i g a n P r o g r a m m e .—The 1945 con­struction programme of the Shawinigan Water & Power Co. and its subsidiap^ and associated companies will involve capital expenditures approximating S7.000.000, according to a statement by Mr. James Wilson, president. The parent company has improvements under way which will require approximatelyS2.800.000 in connection with power plants, generating equipment, rural line extensions and substation arrangements. Similar expenditures for Quebec Power Co. are estimated at S 1.680.000.

I n d i a .— D e v e l o p m e n t i n t h e S o u t h .— Elaborate post-war plans tor industrial development in the States of Southern India, involving an expenditure of over £300.000.000 were outlined by Sir William Barton, former British Resident in Baroda, Mysore and Hyderabad. He was reading a paper before the India and Burma Section of the Royal Society of Arts last week.

In Hyderabad many new factories had been started as a result of the stimulus of war. Sir William stated. An industrial city was to be set up on the banks of the Godavari River, with an electrical scheme bringing water to nearly a million acres. Steel, coal, cement, textiles, vegetable oils, rayon, calcium, carbide, fertilisers and plastics would be produced in this city, to start which flS.000.000 would be required. The State grid would make possible the electrification of every village.

In Mysore, vegetable dye-stuffs, radio sets, bicycles, tractors and plastics were to be manu­factured, 10,000 houses were to be built in Bangalore, £3,000,000 was to be spent on railways, and electrification was being con­sidered. The States would generally look to Britain for the supply of the equipment and technique they would need for the carrying out of their industrial programmes, and they would be reluctant to conclude with British India an agreement that might in any way impede British co-operation.

New Z e a l a n d . — L a r g e S u b s t a t i o n .—A note in the New Zealand Electrical Journal states that the Central Park substation, Wellington.

now' almost completed, is the second largest in the North Island and will make a radical change in the City Council's distribution system previously supplied from the Khandallah sub­station. Bulk power is brought at 110 kV by a new transmission line which passes over the hills to Central Park. The whole of the equip­ment is of British manufacture and is stated to have arrived with remarkably little delay in spite of war conditions. The main units are from the B.T.H. Co. (transformers and 11-kV switchgear), Metropolitan-Vickers (110-kV switchgear and controls). Asea Electric (110-kV control). Ferranti (metering). English Electric Co. (reactors) and Standard Telephones & Cables (supervisory control). Cables were supplied by various British manufacturers.

S p a i n .— I n t e r c o n n e c t i o n S c h e m e .— In view of the shortage of power the Spanish Ministry of Industry and Commerce has recently given its approval to an important scheme of generating station interconnection to enable supply under­takings to assist one another. Three inter­connecting lines are included in the scheme: a50,000-kVA 110 130-kV line connecting the distribution system in Catalonia with that of the Iber-Duero Co.; a 10.000-kVA 60 130-kV line between the systems of the Energía e Industrias Aragonesas and Iber-Duero under­takings; and a 130 70-kV line to link up the systems of the Sociedad Hidroeléctrica Española and the Compañía Mengemor.

S w e d e n .— P o w e r P r o d u c t i o n i n 1944.— - According to recently published figures, electric pow'er generation during 1944 reached a record figure of 12,300 million kWh compared with11.000 million kWh in 1943. The increase was particularly noticeable during the latter half of 1944, when construction of several big power plants was completed.—Reuter's Trade Service..

S w i t z e r l a n d .— N e w G e n e r a t i n g S t a t i o n . — An important new hydro-electric pow'er plant has been put into operation at Verbois, near Geneva. The station, which is situated near the confluence of the Rivers Rodano and Arve, has been designed to accommodate four sets of vertical-shaft turbines and three-phase alter­nators. of which three 22.000-kW sets generating at 18,000 V have so far been installed.

TRANSPORTIpswich.—T r o l l e y - b u s e s .—The Ministry' of

War Transport has extended the time for the commencement of the running of trolley-buses on certain routes under the Ipswich Corporation (Trollev Vehicles) Order, 1935. until August 2nd, 1950.

Spain.—-N e w E l e c t r i c L o c o m o t i v e .— According to Metalurgia y Electricidad tests have recently been completed of the first electric locomotive built at the Devis Talleres in Valencia for use on the electrified railway between Madrid. Avila and Segovia. Ii has an overall length of 55J ft. and weighs 99 metric ions, of which the electrical equipment, which has been mainly obtained from Switzerland, is responsible for 35 tons. The engine is equipped with six traction motors, capable of developing3.000 HP at a one-hour rating of 1,350 V, and 2,400 HP continuously.

770 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 25, 1945

FINANCIAL SECTIONC om pany News. S tock Exchange A ctivities.

Reports and DividendsSouthern Areas Electric Corporation, Ltd.,

reports a total revenue of £64,625 against £52,188; the net profit rose from £21,620 to £27,667. General reserve receives £15,000 (against £4,800) and the dividend is maintained at 5 per cent. The report states that offers have been accepted from the County of London Electric Supply Co. for the whole of the issued shares of the Brentwood District Electric Co., in exchange for an equivalent number of fully paid £1 shares in the County C o.; and for the purchase in cash by the S.W.S. Power Co. of shares in the Leominster Electric Supply Co.

At the annual meeting on May 16th the chairman (Viscount Elibank), referred to these transactions and also said that a cable manu­facturing interest had been sold. The com­pany’s manufacturing interests had been in­creased by a further investment in Mawdsley’s, Ltd.; and the acquisition of a controlling interest in P.A.M., Ltd., precision instrument makers, and in Giliott Electro-Steam Cookers, Ltd., which contemplated marketing a new type of cooking equipment. Between 1939 and 1944 sales by the company’s undertakings rose from 8,764,824 to 16,884,717 kWh; although the average cost per kWh bought had risen from 0-652d. to 0-836d., the average selling price had been reduced from l-946d. to 1 -91 d.

The Rheostatic Co., Ltd.—Mr. L. Satchwell (chairman), addressing the annual meeting on May 16th said that during the war the manu­facture of their temperature controlling instru­ments and resistances had been increased considerably. The company had taken various dispersal premises and had produced a very strong flow of electro-technical articles for the Navy and R.A.F. The company’s leadership in temperature control and fuel economy was well recognised. Greater space was needed and additional premises had been purchased at Frimley, Surrey, and were now being adapted. It was hoped that they would be permitted to employ disabled persons, for whom their work was specially suited. The manager of their French company, La Thermostatique, S.A., had reported that the plant and assets were intact and the organisation had been re-established.

The Metropolitan Electric Cable & Construction Co., Ltd., reports that the net profit for 1944, before providing for taxation, deferred repairs and ordinary dividends, was £56,881. It is proposed to pay a total dividend of 15 per cent., against per cent.

The River Plate Electricity & Other Securities Corporation, Ltd., is to pay a final dividend of 6 per cent. (5 per cent.) making 8 per cent. (7 per cent.). Net profits for the year ended April 15th amounted to £32,078 (£31,539). A sum of £1,581 (£2,973) is transferred to reserve and £18,663 (£15,545) is carried forward.

The West Devon Electric Supply Co., Ltd., reports a gross revenue for 1944 of £104,337 (against £90,499) with a balance after meeting expenses and depreciation of £34,818 (£31,148). To this are added interest, £267 (£480) and

dividends from subsidiaries £2,500 (nil). Besides £3,803 (£1,985) income tax, £5,000 (nil) is allocated to taxation reserve and general reserve receives £3,000 (same). The ordinary dividend is maintained at 5 per cent, and £5,182 (£5,170) is carried forward.

The Sturtevant Engineering Co., Ltd., records a net profit for 1944 amounting to £25,074 (£25,553). The building reserve takes £10,000 (£6,000), but no provision is made for con­tingencies. A final dividend of 2J per cent, and a bonus of 3J per cent, make 1 \\ per cent, tax free (10 per cent, tax free) and £10,511 (£9,137) is carried forward.

The Floffman Manufacturing Co., Ltd., is notpaying a final dividend this year. An interim of 1 \ per cent, tax free has been paid. Last year the total distribution was 10 per cent, free of tax.

Edmundsons Electricity Corporation, Ltd., areagain paying a final ordinary dividend of 3J per cent., making 6 per cent, for the year.

John I. Thomycroft & Co., Ltd., have declared an interim ordinary dividend of 5 per cent., as last year.

New CompaniesWholesale Electrical Components, Ltd.—-Public

company. Registered May 11th. Capital, £10,000. Objects: To carry on the business of wholesale dealers in electrical plant, machinery and apparatus, including radio trans­mission and television equipment, etc. Directors: Sir Harold Moore, C.A., TheSaltings, Old Bosham, Sussex, J. R. Stevens,C.A., 14, Oaklands Road, Bromley, Kent,A. J. Shrowsbury, 1, Edgwarebury Court, Edgware, Middlesex, and M. H. Selby, Horn­beam, Pearks Lane, Great Missenden. Regis­tered office: 30, Cornhill, E.C.3.

Duplex Electric Tools, Ltd.—Private Company- Registered May 7th. Capital, £2,000. Objects: To acquire the business of manufacturers of duplex electric drills and certain portable electric tools carried on by Grimston Electric Tools, Ltd., at Progress Way, Purley Way, Croydon. Directors: T. W. Wilks and Mrs. M. D. Wilks, both of Southacre, Ivy Mill Close, Godstone, Surrey. Registered office: Southacre, Ivy Mill Close, Godstone, Surrey.

Electric & General Equipment, Ltd.—Private company. Registered in Dublin May 4th. Capital, £100. Objects: To carry on thebusiness of importers and exporters of electrical machinery, plant, apparatus and accessories etc. Subscribers: G. O. Lyons, 26, Belgrave Square South, Rathmines, Dublin, and J. M. Dowling, 24, Innisfallen Parade, Dublin.

R. N. Reed Ignition Service, Ltd.—Private company. Registered May 12th. Capital, £2,000. Objects: To carry on the business of sellers of all products manufactured by the Chloride Electrical Storage Co., Ltd., and that of repairers of automobile and radio batteries

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 41

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M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l - R e v i e w 771

and overhaulers and repairers of ail types of automobile equipment, etc. Permanent directors: R. N. Reed, Mrs. Sarah S. M. Reed and Miss Dorothy A. Reed, all of 201, New Ring's Road, Parson's Green. S.W.6. Registered office: 201. New King's Road, Parson's Green, S.W.6.

\Y. J. P a r r y & Co. iNottingham), Ltd. — Private company. Registered May 5th. Capital £10,000 Objects: To acquire the business of electrical and general engineers formerly carried on b> W. J. Parry and H. C. Martin as W. J. Parry & Co. a: Beeston, Notts. First directors: W. J. Parry (permanent managing director and chairman', 47. Humber Road. Beeston, andH. C. Martin, 16, Endsleigh Gardens, Beeston. Secretary: H. C. Martin. Registered office: Lombard House, Lower Parliament Street, Nottingham.

J. Maizner. Ltd.—Private company. Regis­tered May 5th. Capital. £2,000. Objects: To acquire the business of a radio and gramophone dealer formerly carried on by Jack Maizner, as " Peckham .Gram & Radio Stores,” at 141, High Street, Peckham. and to carry on the business of manufacturers of. and dealers in, radio, television and electrical equipment, etc. Directors: J. Maizner. 49, Manor Avenue,Brockley. S.E.4, and J. Zeff, Laracon, Penn Road. Hazlemere. Bucks. Registered office: 108, Rye Lane, Peckham, S.E.15.

Artshades. Ltd.—Private company. Regis' tered May 7th. Capital. £500. Objects: To carry on the business of electrical equipment specialists, wholesale and retail dealers in lamp shades in metal and fabric, etc. Subscribers: M. Wantling, 15. Chiltern Crescent, Earley. Reading, and M. G. Jackson, 8. Barctose Avenue, Caversham. Reading. Secretary: Patricia M. Wantling. Registered office: 46, Market Place, Reading.

Companies to be Struck off the RegisterThe following companies are to be struck

off the Register unless cause to the contrary is shown within three mouths from May 18 th :— The Ismav Refrigerating C o, Ltd., Zeros (Sales). Ltd.. and the Kensal Radio Manu­facturing Co., Ltd.

Companies’ ReturnsStatements of Capital

Jearv Electrical Co., Ltd.—Capital. £15,000 in12.000 cumulative participating preference and3.000 ordinary shares of £1. Return dated November 26th, 1943 (filed October 21st, 1944). ',000 preference and 3,000 ordinary shares taken up. £7,000 paid on the preference. £3,000 considered as paid on the ordinary shares. Mortgages and charges: Nil.

Magna Wire & Cable Co., Ltd.—Capital. £11.000 in 10,000 preference shares of £1 and20.000 ordinary shares of Is. Return dated October 18 th ,’ 1944. 2.027 preference and 11,600 ordinary shares taken up. £2,027 paid on 2,02“ preference and £580 considered as paid on 11,600 ordinary shares. Mortgages and charges: Nil.

Keighlev Electrical Engineering Co.. Ltd. (renamed’Keighley Lifts, Ltd., on January 27th, 1945) —Capital. £10,000 in £1 shares (7,000 ordinary and 3,000 preference). Return dated

November 15th, 1944. 4,281 ordinary and2.671 preference shares taken up. £4,940 paid. £2.012 considered as paid. Mortgages and charges: £7.000.

Conduit Fittings, Ltd.—Capital. £500 in £1 shares. Return dated March 4th, 1944 (filed November 27th, 1944). All shares taken up. £500 paid. Mortgages and charges: Nil.

Eltron. Ltd.—Capital, £1,000 in 750 “ A ” and 250 " B ” shares of £1. Return dated October loth. 1944. All shares taken up. £1,000 paid. Mortgages and charges: Nil.

Henderson <S Priestley, Ltd.—Capital, £5,000 in £1 shares. Return dated September 11th, 1944. 2,836 shares taken up. £2,836 paid.Mortgages and charges: Nil.

Wilfrid Francis & Co., Ltd.—Capital, £1.000 in £1 shares. Return dated August 30th (filed October 18th), 1944. All shares taken up. £1,000 paid. Mortgages and charges: Nil.

Actadis, Ltd.—Capital, £10,000 in £1 shares. Return dated September 13 th, 1944. All shares taken up. £10,000 paid. Mortgages and charges: Nil.

Nivalight (1928), Ltd.—Capital, £5,000 in £1 shares. Return dated November 30th, 1944. All shares taken up. £5,000 paid. Mortgages and charges : £5,000.

All-Power Transformers, Ltd.—Capital, £100 in £1 shares. Return dated September 28th, 1944. All shares taken up. £100 paid. Mort­gages and charges: Nil.

Cable Covers, Ltd.—Capital. £10.000 in £1 shares. Return dated October 12th, 1944.I,002 shares taken up. £1,002 paid. Mortgages and charges: Nil.

C. A. Sothers, Ltd.—Capital. £2.500 in £1 shares. Return dated June 19th. 1944 (filed January 6th, 1945). 1,688 shares taken up. £1,145 paid. £543 considered as paid. Mort­gages and charges: £1.200 issued (£1,000 paid).

Mansbridge Condenser Co., Ltd.—Capital, £25,000 in £1 shares. Return dated October 9th. AH shares taken up. £10,000 paid. £15,000 considered, as paid. Mortgages and charges: Nil.

Receivers ReleasedStandard Switchgear. Ltd.—C. F. BUnd, of

II, Sir Isaac’s Walk, Colchester, ceased to act as receiver and or manager on April 30th, 1945.

•• T.X.” Products Co., Ltd.—F. W. Inns, 80 86, Regent Street, W .l. ceased to act as receiver and or manager on April 28th.

BankruptciesD. A. M. Trew, electrical dealer, lately carrying

on business as ” Trew Electrical Service ” at 50, Primrose Hill, Coventry.—Discharge granted April 16th subject to bankrupt's consenting to judgment for £75 being entered against him by the Official Receiver.

T. P. Wood and T. George, trading in partner­ship as electrical contractors under the style of ” T. P. Wood ” at 28, Queen Street, Ipswich. (Separate application of T. P. Wood.)—Dis­charge, suspended for six weeks, to take effect from May 30th.

E

772 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w May 25, 1945

STOCKS AND SHAREST u e s d a y E v e n in g .

WHITSUN and the warmer weather introduced a holiday note into Stock

Exchange markets, where business has been spasmodic and the tone uncertain. Post-war possibilities have lost part of their previous attraction. The disposition of investment, and of speculation, too, is to wait upon the course of events. There is a disinclination on the part of the public to take any active interest, although here and there—notably in the radio and the gold-mining markets— animation has been manifest.Home Electricity

The home electricity supply group holds its prices with firmness. The rise which has taken place so steadily during the past five months would seem, however, to have reached its apex for the time being; there is now rather less demand for the ordinary shares in this group. Holders are not parting from their interests, and expectation looks for the previously-paid dividends to be continued in spite of the changed conditions that will come about as a result of the end of the war. Shares in the London companies are not, however, at their recent best. London Associated eased off to 27s. 6d., Northmet Power to 42s. and County of London to 44s. 6d. Llanelly lost 6d., at 29s. 6d .; Midland Counties at 43s. 9d. and Northamp- tons at 51s. are similarly lower.Radio Activity

The liveliest section of the industrial market is that for radio shares. Here, A. C. Cossor ordinary were the subject of an insistent demand which raised the price from 33s. 6d. to 37s. before it reacted to 36s. 6d. Accompanying the support was a rumour that the company may issue new shares—presumably on terms that will give a bonus to the proprietors—in connection with its American associations. Hard upon the heels of this advance, E.M.I. followed with a florin gain, to 36s. 9d. Pye deferred remained at 32s. 6d., Philco at 15s. and E. K. Cole at 41s. 3d.Mixed Movements in Prices

Hopkinsons are 2s. 6d. higher at 82s. 6d. on the increase of 2 \ per cent, to 20 per cent, in the dividend and Callender’s are similarly better at 6 ^ . The latter have left British Insulated behind, at 6$-. Henley’s touched 30s. before going back to 28s. 9d., equal to 5 | for a £1 share. Automatic Telephones gave way to 67s. 6d., a fall of 2s. 6d. Metal Industries “ B ” at 49s. are Is. 6d. lower, as are H.T.A. at 30s. 6d. Enfield Cables, 67s. 6d., and Ericsson Telephones, 55s., have lost small amounts. Tube Investments at

5 | are half-a-crown lower. Ransome & Maries gave way to 88s. 9d.

Cable & Wireless ordinary is down at 92^, the preference remaining at 1131. No official statement has been made as to the establishment of a Communication Board being contemplated. The report of such a possibility sent up Cable ordinary to nearly 100 at the end of last month. Canadian Marconi at 13s. 9d. have gained a few pence. International Telephone & Telegraph at 35 went back a point. Anglo-Portuguese Tele­phones reverted to 28s. At 12s. Telephone Rentals are 6d. down.I.C. Gas

Imperial Continental Gas Association, a large holder of Edmundsons Electricity Corporation ordinary shares, gave its pro­prietors a pleasant surprise last Thursday by declaring dividends making, in all, 10 per cent, on the ordinary stock. This is the first time that anything has been distributed for five years, and the price of the stock responded with a rise of 15 points, to 134, comparing with a lowest of 29 touched at the time of the French withdrawal in 1940. Besides the Edmundson’s interest, I.C. Gas has extensive holdings in various Continental gas and electricity companies. The sudden rise brought in sellers and the price reacted a couple of points.Ever Ready

Ever Ready shares have come back to 43s. on the issue of a report showing that the trading profit for the year to March 31st last is £72,600 lower than that of the preceding twelvemonth. The chairman’s statement declares that the fall in the profit is due to the reduction of the capital structure for E.P.T. purposes, owing to the writing-down of property and plant. The net profit permitted under E.P.T., says the chairman’s statement, is £588,900, which is £32,900 lower on the year. As already announced, the company is maintaining its usual dividend of 40 per cent. At 43s., the yield is £4 13s. per cent, on the money. The balance-sheet is strong and the shares are to be regarded as a sound industrial investment.Southern Areas

Southern Areas Electric Corporation held its meeting last week, and the chairman stated that a cable manufacturing interest had been sold and shares in the Brentwood District Electric Company exchanged for a similar number of shares in the County of London Electric Supply Company. This was, of course, announced last year. The Corporation has paid a dividend on its ordinary shares of 5 per cent, for eight consecutive years, and at the present price of 24s. the yield on the money is £4 3s. 4d per cent.

May 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 773

L o w -V o lta g e S w itc h e sM oulded B lock-type for P u sh -b u tto n A ctuation

in rST A G E 2 ST A G E 3

l^MBODERN control gear for small current LYM circuits is tending to be designed not only with regard for electrical efficiency and mechanical adequacy, but also to be pleasing in appearance and not too expensive in first cost. An example is the push-button switch of the block type made by Brookhirst Switch- gear, Ltd., Northgate Works, Chester. Its split housing and push- bar are moulded of “ Duraplas,” the two halves being identical except for the hole in one portion through which the push-bar projects ; this “ com- moning ” is of econo­mic value when tooling up for moulding. With­in the housing rest the “ fixed ” contacts, which are not attached in any way. They are easy fits in registration recesses provided for that purpose, which means that small wiring connections can be made with ease without the need to manœuvre a screw driver into inaccessible places. All

Immediately the finger is removed, the spring reasserts itself and the moving blade is returned to its original position, Fig. I being intended to indicate the progress of the

moving blade from one set of fixed contacts to the other. The second and third stages are important because a cleaning and rubbing action takes place as the moving contact straightens out from the tilted to the sym­metrical position. In­cidentally, the portion of the moving contact surface which is sub­jected to rubbing and cleaning is faced with silver.

The internal design of the housing is in­genious. Each half is recessed (Fig. 2) the unshaded portions accommodating the fixed contacts. When

the top and bottom housings are placed together the shaded surfaces meet at the centre line of the box (before being attached to the bottom housing, the top housing is moved through 180 deg. relative to the bottom housing). Parts of the raised surfaces marked “ X ” and shown black engage with the surfaces marked “ Y,” thus securely

Fig. I.— O p e r a t io n o f fix ed and m o v in g c o n ta c ts

four fixed contact assemblies are interchange­able. The moving contact assembly is free to rotate in a plane normal to the major axis of the push-button and flexibility in the direction o f “ push ” is provided by the spring indicated.

These switches can be used for making and breaking a circuit, as for start-stop, or for breaking one circuit and making another. When the button is pushed the moving blade is transferred from one set of contacts to the other against the pressure of a helical spring

F ig . 2.— In tern a l v ie w o f c o n ta c t h o u s in g

registering the two halves while the screws which hold the two are introduced and tightened up. Mica windows are let in on each side of the assembly in order to enable

S ta r t- s to p s w itc h e s w ith m e ta l b o x c o n ta in e r p a r t ia lly d is m a n t le d t o sh o w th e u n it s y s te m

a s s e m b ly

774 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 25, 1945

the action of the contacts to be watched. The mounting of the block type push­button switch can be done in a variety of ways. For instance a “ start/stop ” face-plate can carry two of these switches side by side at the back of the flush front plate; or they

S w itc h in c o r p o r a ­t in g lo c k in g d e v ic e o n th e " s t o p ”

c ir c u it

may be enclosed in a weather­proof metal box and the “ stop ” button fitted with a special screwed shroud or cap. When depressed and then rotated in a clock-wise direction, the “ stop ” button will be locked in place leaving the “ stop ” circuit open until .reset by rotating the shroud in ah anti-clockwise direction.

Crack DetectionAMONG the several methods of crack de­

tection now being practised is that involving fluorescent indication for which simple equip­ment has been developed by Metropolitan- Vickers Electrical Co., Ltd.

The apparatus consists of the inspection cabinet, together with a tank unit approximately 2 ft. by 2 ft. 6 in. in plan, divided into three equal compartments for impregnating, cleaning and drying respectively. The impregnating tank contains a solution of fluorescent material with an additional constituent to enhance the pene­trating quality of the solution. It is recom-

drying tank and left there for about 15 minutes to dry the surface thoroughly, leaving the fluorescent fluid in any cracks. After brushing off any clinging sawdust with a dry brush the samples are then ready for examination by insertion into the aperture in the inspection cabinet.

A mercury vapour discharge lamp housed inside the top of the cabinet floodlights the specimens collectively with ultra-violet light and in a few minutes any cracks in the surface are shown up vividly by fluorescence. If it is desired to devote particular attention to an individual case, the lever at the top is moved which causes a lens to swing into position beneath the discharge lamp and thus focus the rays on to the required point, resulting in increased fluorescence. Injurious short-wave radiation from the discharge lamp is removed by a black glass filter envelope round the lamp. Reflected ultra-violet rays also cause eyestrain and certain internal parts of the eye may themselves fluoresce, thus causing some fogging of the vision. For these reasons the eye-piece is pro­vided with an ultra-violet filter which helps, incidentally, to accentuate the fluorescent markings.

The hooded “ Metrolux ” cabinet dispenses with the necessity for a dark room and the fluid baths are provided with lifting trays to facilitate handling the components. An electrical heater in the fluorescent solution tank maintains the solution at the most suitable temperature. It should be emphasised that the process cannot be hurried; the periods for soaking and drying specified above are the minima and if increased will often give still more satisfactory results.

Fluorescent crack detection is applicable only to cracks in the surface, but it will expose surface cracks, folds or porosity in metals, cracks in ceramics or plastics, non-adhesion of bearing linings and location of leaks in glass- metal seals of vacuum equipment.

I n s p e c t io n c a b in e t o f th e M e tr o lu x f lu o r e s c e n t c r a ck d e t e c t io n e q u ip m e n t

mended that at least an hour should be allowed for soaking the components in this tank. They are then dipped in the cleaning tank to remove all the solution adhering to the surface, and finally covered with fine wood sawdust in the

W ater-P ow er in Peru

rERU’S plans for developing an industrial economy based on abundant mineral re­

sources are being carried out under difficulties of extreme shortage of machinery. Where possible, Jiand labour is being used to minimise the need for mechanised equipment. The development programme for the Chimboto Bay—Santa River region includes the erection of a 125,000-kW hydro-electric plant on the Santa River. Two of the projected five 25,000-kW units are expected to be installed by the end of this year at a total cost of about 23 million soles.

Plans for the northern region provide for a hydro-electric power installation on the Maranon River in the region of the Manseriche rapids. The proposed building of a monolithic dam in the Huacanqui Gorge would enable a power station to be erected with two 44,000-kW units. Later on further new power stations would be built. In addition to the electrification plans for Peru, the Chimbote Bay—Santa River programme provides for mineral development, steel plant construction and irrigation of thousands of acres of desert. It is planned to develop the anthracite reserves in the Santa River valley, estimated at 10 million tons. The irrigation programme aims at providing a supply of water to 250,000 semi-arid acres.—Reuter's Trade Service.

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 775

A r g e n t in e O v e r se a s T r a tleIm ports and Exports in 1943

THE Argentine Government has made public full details of the foreign trade of the

Republic for 1943. From this statement the figures in Table I have been extracted showing the imports, by the principal countries of origin, of electrical machinery and apparatus during that year, with a note of increase or decrease compared with 1942. All values are real values, not (as formerly Argentine practice) arbitrary values fixed by the Customs. As a whole this trade declined by more than a half during the

year under review, the falling off being relatively more marked in the machinery and cable groups than in other apparatus. The only noteworthy increases were in vacuum cleaners, meters, and telephone and unspecified cables. A feature of the origin of electrical imports was the advance of Sweden, while Britain was able to maintain only a small share of the business. Further, Canada which in 1942 was fairly well represented among the countries supplying meters and tele­phone materials, did nothing worth recording in

TABLE I—IMPORTS

Class o f G o o d s a n d C o u n try o f 1943Pesos

Inc. o r dec. o n C lass o f G o o d s an d C o u n try o f 1943

Pesosinc. o r

dec. onO rig in (000) 1942 O rig in (000) 1942

Fan m o to rs— 8 _ 188 Sw itch es , circuit b reakers, cu touts,„ . U n ite d S ta te s 1 — 181 fu se s , e tc .— 222 — 599,, U n ite d K in g d o m 3 + 1 F ro m U n ited S ta tes 47 — 322„ S w itzerlan d 5 + 5 „ U n ited K in g d o m 53 — 114

M o to rs up to i H P — 16 — 130 „ S w itzerland C hange-over sw itches, including

66 + 30F ro m U n ite d S ta te s 9 — 125

„ Sw eden 6 — telephone s ta tio n s— 1,825 — 1,842M o to rs and d yn a m o s over £ H P — 2,568 - 1,570 F ro m U n ited S ta tes 288 — 188

F ro m U n ite d S ta te s 325 - 1,289 „ U n ited K in g d o m 238 — 1,381„ U n ite d K in g d o m 172 — 638 ,, Sw eden

E lectric incandescent lam ps—1,280 + 117

„ S w eden 1,721 + 450 1,790 — 780O ther e lec tric dyn a m o s— 3 + 2 F ro m U n ited S ta tes 857 — 319Cable a n d wire up to 5 m m ., covered „ U n ited K in g d o m 233 — 541

with co tto n , rubber, e tc . 130 — 692 „ Sw eden 651 + 66.F ro m U n ite d S ta te s 78 — 259 C urrent m eters— 3,727 — 344

„ U n ite d K in g d o m 4 — 265 F ro m U n ited S ta tes 12 — 122D itto , over 5 m m . 2 — 63 „ U n ited K in g d o m 5 — 8

(F ro m U n ite d S ta te s) „ Sw eden 574 + 228Cable a n d wire up to 5 m m ., lead- „ S w itzerlan d

A m m e te rs and vo ltm eters—3,136 + 1,325

covered 159 — 147 42 — 94F ro m U n ite d S ta te s 59 + 31 F ro m S w eden 34 + 33

„ Sw eden 100 — 57 A ccu m u la to r and b a tte ry p a r ts — 516 — 1,145Cable and wire, s ilk -co vered 2 — 86 F ro m C a n a d a 63 — 72

(F ro m U n ite d S ta te s) „ U n ited S ta tes 224 — 836W ire, e lectrica l, en a m elled 76 174 , , U n ited K in g d o m 89 — 67

F ro m U n ite d S ta te s 75 — 123 „ S p ain B a tte r ies -—

116 — 41Electric cable, un sp ecified . . 494 + 312 85 + 54

F ro m S w eden 482 + 363 F ro m U n ite d S ta tes 26 + 9,, U n ite d S ta te s 10 42 „ Sw eden 58 + 58

Telephone cables, iron or s te e l . . 245 + 142 Cells fo r b a tteries a n d accum ulators *42 — 8F ro m U n ite d S ta te s 245 + 161 G lass bulbs fo r lam ps and valve

426 512Telephone cable, underground 133 — 390 m a n u fa c tu re — —

F ro m U n ite d S ta te s 36 + 19 * F ro m U n ited S ta tes 426 — 394„ U n ite d K in g d o m 47 399 E lectrica l m a teria ls, unspecified— 2,043 — 2,247, , S w eden . 50 + 12 F ro m U n ited S ta tes 1,075 — 1,681

E lectr ica l f l e x — 158 187 „ U n ite d K in g d o m 511 — 94F ro m U n ited S ta tes 13 — 285 „ S w itzerlan d 206 — 310

„ U n ite d K in g d o m 29 + 3 ,, Sw eden . . 183 — 75„ S w eden 116 + 97 „ G e rm a n y 28 — 216

Telephones w ithou t coils— 109 — 22 Insu la ting tubes— 10 — 20F ro m Sw eden 109 — 2 F ro m U n ited K in g d o m 6 + 1

Telephones w ith co ils— 606 118 „ U n ite d S ta tes 3 — 19F ro m S w eden 487 56 R adio-te lephone apparatus— 99 — 218

„ U n ite d S ta te s 1 18 + 118 F ro m U n ited S tates 85 — 224T elephones, m a g n eto— 167 — 5 R a d io receiving se ts— 367 — 427

F ro m Sw eden 163 + 4 F ro m U n ited S ta tes 309 — 465Telephone m ateria ls— • 418 — 247 „ U n ited K in g d o m 3 — 6

F ro m U n ited S ta tes „ U n ite d K in g d o m ,, S w ed en . .„ S w itzerlan d

Telegraph m a teria l—F ro m U n ite d S ta tes

132126123

3214

1

++

30238663249

9

R ad io am plifiers—F ro m U n ited S ta tes

L oudspeakers—F ro m U n ited S tates

R adio-te lephone m ateria ls—

98

2726

703-

4544

407350

4,223„ U n ite d K in g d o m 13 16 F ro m U n ited S ta tes 611 — 3,971

H ea ters , toasters, k e ttle s , e tc .— 2 27 „ U n ited K in g d o m 47 — 270Vacuum cleaners— 707 + 355 ,, Sw eden . . 6 -I- 6

F ro m U n ite d S ta te s 2 — 11„ S w ed en . . 705 + 408

!* M a in ly r ro m U .S .A .

those lines in the year under review. (£1 equals about 17 pesos).

Table II gives the values of the exports of electrical manufactures. It will be noticed that neighbouring Latin American countries are Argentina’s principal customers, the only excep­tion worth mentioning in the electrical trade

776

In addition there are about 3,000 smaller manu­facturing or assembling concerns. For the most part, the raw materials used in radio manu­facture have been imported, mainly from the United States. Before the war between 75 and 80 per cent, of the components were imported but this proportion has been dwindling as local

M ay 25, 1945E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w

TABLE II— EXPORTS

1943 In c . o r 1943 Inc o rC la s s o f G o o d s a n d D e s t in a t io n P esos dec. on C la ss o f G o o d s a n d D e s tin a tio n Pesos dec, on

(000) 1942 (000) 1942

E lec tr ic g en era to rs— 76 + 48 Telephone app a ra tu s a n d p a r ts — 169 _ - 96T o B raz il 4 + 4 T o B oliv ia .11 4- 10„ P e ru ................................. 67 + 67 „ B razil 49 — 16„ P a ra g u a y

E lectric m o to rs—5 + 5 „ C h ile ................................. 62 — 64

105 — 5 „ P a rag u a y 30 — 12T o B raz il 15 — 6 U ru g u a y 13 + 5

„ C h ile ................................ 29 — 23 Incandescen t la m p s— 53 _ 353„ P e ru 36 + 22 T o B oliv ia 8 — 23

1A ccu m u la to rs , b a tter ies a n d p a r ts— 605 + 572 „ E c u a d o r 6 —T o B oliv ia 53 + 47 „ P a rag u a y 21 — 29„ C o lo m b ia . . 260 + 260 O th er e lec trica l m a teria ls— 1,520 + 403„ C h ile ................................. 77 + 70 T o B oliv ia 198 + 51„ E c u a d o r 44 + 44 „ B razil 30 38„ V en ezu ela 117 + 117 „ C o lo m b ia . . 163 + 140

Radio a p p ara tus a n d p a r ts — 1,059 - 2,356 „ C h ile ................................. 291 20T o B oliv ia 143 + 63 „ E c u a d o r 113 4- 94„ B raz il 384 — 870 ,, P a ra g u a y 96 + 56„ C h ile ................................ 371 — 211 „ P e ru 257 — 49„ P a ra g u a y 53 — 197 „ S o u th A fric a 51 — 5„ P e r u . . 19 — 194 „ U ru g u a y 116 -K 58„ U ru g u a y 53 187 V en ezu e la . . 84 + 4

being South Africa, with a small quantity of unspecified material. There was a setback in radio exports although they remained the leading item. There are a dozen large factories making radio sets, the United States, Great Britain and Holland all being represented with branch works.

manufacture has grown in scope. The U.S. Department of Commerce however reported a few months ago that high costs combined with lack of research were still handicaps on local production. The Argentine industry is well protected by a tariff on imports.

Forthcoming EventsSaturday, May 26th.—Bristol.—Victoria

Rooms, 3 p.m. I.E.E. Bristol Students’ Section. Annual general meeting and lecture illustrated by slides and films on “ Some Hydro-Electric Possibilities and Achievements,” by W. A. Hatch, M.B.E.

Birmingham.—12.30 for 1 p.m. Grand Hotel. Birmingham Electric Club. Luncheon.

Monday, May 28th.—London.—Institution of Electrical Engineers, 7 p.m. London Students’ Section. Annual general meeting.

Tuesday, May 29th.—London.—Anatomy Theatre, University College (entrance from Gower Street), 1.15 p.m. Lecture (postponed from May 8th) on “ The Future of Domestic Heating and Lighting,” by Prof. R. O. Kapp. No fee or ticket is required.

London.—At Institution of Electrical En­gineers, 6 p.m. Television Society. “ The Human Eye and the Photo-cell,” by Dr. W. Sommer.

Wednesday, May 30th.—London.—Institution of Electrical Engineers, 5.30 p.m. Transmission Section. “ Localisation of Faults in Low-Voltage Cables, with special reference to Factory Technique,” by J. H. Savage (postponed from May 9th).

London.—At Royal Institution, Albemarle Street, 3 p.m. Society of Chemical Industry, Plastics Group. First Baekeland Memorial

Lecture, “ Leo Hendrik Baekeland : The Story of his Life,” by H. V. Potter.

Birmingham .—James Watt Institute, 7 p.m. I.E.E. South Midland Students’ Section. Annual general meeting and paper on “ Electrical Technique in Resistance Welding,” by T. E. Calverley.

Manchester. — Engineers’ Club, 5.30 p.m.I.E.E. North-Western Centre. Informal meeting in connection with the formation of a Measure­ments Group.

Thursday, May 31st.—London.—At Institu­tion of Mechanical Engineers, 10.30 a.m. Institute of Fuel. Conference on “ Industrial Insulation.” Members of all other Institutions, Research and Trade Associations are invited to take part.

Friday, June 1st. — Manchester. — Reynolds’ Hall. College of Technology, 6.30 p.m. Insti­tution of Electronics (N.W. Branch) and Institute of Physics (Manchester and District Branch). Lecture on “ Design of Electron Guns of Radial Symmetry,” by Dr. H. Moss.

Monday, June 4th.—London.—At Royal Society of Arts, Adelphi, 5.30 p.m. Institution of Electronics. “ Principles of Triode De­sign,” by Dr. J. H. Fremlin.

Saturday, June 16th.—Stratford-on-Avon.—I.E.E. South Midland Students’ Section. Summer outing to see “ Twelfth Night.”

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 777

NEW PA T E N T SElectrical Specifications Recently Published

The numbers under which the specifications will be printed and abridged are given in parentheses. Copies o f any specifications (Lv. each) may be obtained from the Patent Office, 25, Southampton

Buildings, London, W.C.2.

H ARON.—“ Electrical heating and forging • of billets.” 18018. November 1st, 1943. (569120.)

W. Baumann.—“ Connecting clamp for elec­tric conductors.” 1517/43. January 29th, 1942. (569104.)

Birmingham Electric Furnaces, Ltd., and P. F. Hancock.—“ Process for the manufacture of iron powder.” 5761. April 10th, 1943. (569011.)

British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd.— “ Dynamo-electric machines.” 15095/42. October 30th, 1941. (569006.) “ Diesel-electric and like power systems.” 13401/42. September 25 th, 1941. (569102.)

F. C. Draper and J. Shaw.—“ Appliances for bending tubes, rods and the like.” 14715. October 20th, 1942. (569130.)

Dubilier Condenser Co. (1925), Ltd., and K. A. Gough.—“ Electrical condensers.” 17488. October 23rd, 1943. (569060.)

Everett, Edgcumbe & Co., Ltd., and F. E. Ockenden.—“ Instruments adapted for remote indication, control and such like by electrical means.” 16976. October 15th, 1943. (569025.)

H. J. Houlgate, G. C. Wheeler and G. R. Fountain, Ltd.—“ Electric amplifiers.” 18826. November 12th, 1943. (569031.)

Igranic Electric Co., Ltd.—“ Controllers for travelling bridges.” 10684/43. July 16th, 1942. (569017.)

Landis & Gyr Soc. Anon.—“ Multiple tariff counting mechanism for measuring instru­ments.” 9317/43. July 7th, 1942. (569075.)

Marconi’s Wireless Telegraph Co., Ltd.— “ Control circuits, particularly for automatic frequency control and remote tuning.” 6586/42. May 14th, 1941. (569044.) “ Variable per­meability inductance devices.” 17955/43. October 31st, 1942. (569091.)

F. Newton.—“ Automatic regulation of alternating current electric supply systems.” 5419. April 5th, 1943. (569049.)

Plessey Co., Ltd. (P. R. Mallory & Co., Inc.). —“ Rotary electric switch.” 17600. October26th, 1943. (569027.)

O. I.- Price.—“ Electromagnetic devices.” 10191. June 24th, 1943. (569016.)

Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd.—“ Manufacture of spiral vacuum tube filaments.” 3798/43. March 11th, 1942. (569048.)

Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., and T. W. Wingent.—“ Methods of sealing metal to glass.” 18108. November 2nd, 1943. (569150.)

Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., V. J. Terry and R. Kelly.—“ Fault-indicating devices for electric supply systems.” 17610. October26th, 1943. (569028.)

A. Tustin and Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical Co., Ltd.—“ Electric motor control systems.” 6986. May 31st, 1941. (569004.)

Victor Products (Wallsend), Ltd., and R. W. Mann.—“ Electric indicating devices applicable to gate end boxes and the like for use in mines.” 12076. July 24th, 1943. (569021.)

Westinghouse Brake & Signal Co., Ltd.— “ Railway traffic controlling apparatus.” 4298/ 41. November 29th, 1940. (569095.)

Wright & Weaire, Ltd., and E. S. Buckley.— “ Contacts of interrupters of vibrators for electrical circuits.” 17354. October 21st, 1943. (569088.)

Registered ContractorsTHERE was a net decrease of nine in the

number of registered electrical contractors during 1944, the total at December 31st last being 1,332. The report for the year of the National Register of Electrical Installation Contractors, presented at the annual meeting yesterday (Thursday) shows that 32 applica­tions were received of which 14 were accepted and four declined ; 14 remaining under con­sideration at the end of the year. Twenty-two contractors were removed from the Register, half of them for failing to renew registration (no reasons given), seven on account of death or the closing down of businesses and the rest for various other reasons.

During the year 125 visits of inspection were made. In 28 cases work was found satisfactory; in 78 faults for correction were disclosed; the other 19 were inspections of applicants’ work. Funds have been allocated to a staff pension fund (£200).

Reference is made to meetings of the Regis­tration Board with the National Committee on Statutory Wiring Regulations and Registration as a result of which Messrs. F. W. Purse and T. W. Heather were nominated to represent the Register on the National Committee.

The accounts show an income of £3,313 and a surplus for the year of £119. The chief items on the expenditure side were office salaries and national insurance £866; inspection salaries £807; inspection expenses £317; income tax £293; and rent, lighting and heating £249. The revenue was derived mainly from renewal fees and duplicate certificates (£2,947) and there was interest on investments amounting to £252. Investments at cost appear in the balance sheet at £7,577.

Patent Extension ApplicationHoover, Ltd., has made application for the

extension of its patent No. 258196 of 1943 (a regrant of a patent dated January 12th, 1926), for “ Improvements in or relating to suction sweepers ” for a period of one year and ten months “ or such period as the Court shall think fit.” The hearing will be on July 10th and any notice of opposition must be lodged at Room 239, Royal Courts of Justice, Strand, W.C.2, at least eleven days before that date, copies being sent to the Solicitor to the Board of Trade and to Bristows, Cook & Carpmael, solicitors, 1, Copthall Buildings, B.C.2.

778 E l e c t r i c a l R e m e w M ay 25, 1945

CONTRACT I M 'O in i ATlOVA ccepted T enders and P rospective E lectrical W o rk

Contracts OpenWhere “ Contracts Open ” are advertised in our “ Official Notices ” section the date o f the issue

is given in parentheses.Amble.—June 14th. Electricity Department.

L.v. mains and distributors, feeder pillars and services. (May 18 th.)

Australia. — P e r t h . — June 21st. Govern­ment of Western Australia. Switchgear, motor-generator sets and batteries. (May 4th.)

Dunbar.—June 9th. Town Council. Supply and installation of street lighting equipment including poles, lanterns, wiring and control gear. Specs, from burgh surveyor.

Manchester.—June 5th. Electricity Com­mittee. Low-pressure pipework, etc., at the Stuart Street generating station. 10,000-kVA transformer, Denton (West) substation. (May 18 th.)

Salford.—May 26th. Electricity Department. Steel street lighting standards. (May 4th.)

Orders PlacedCardiff.—Electricity Committee. Accepted.

Two switch units (£1,276).—Allen West & Co. Switch to control busbar ring circuit (£2,200).— Metropolitan-Vickers.

London.— H a m m e r s m i t h . — Electricity Com­mittee. Recommended. Twin-core non-bleeding type cable (extension of contract for twelve months).—Pirelli-General Cable Works.

Middlesbrough.—Town Council. Accepted. Electrical work in connection with the repair of war-damaged houses (£139).—Watson & Coates.

Stockton-on-Tees.—Town Council. Accepted. High-voltage switchgear—A. Reyrolle & Co., and low-voltage switchgear for new sub­stations.—W. Lucy & Co.

Walsall.—Electricity Committee. Accepted. Two 500-kVA transformers (£476 each).— Brush Electrical Engineering Co.

Warrington. — Electricity Committee. Accepted. Transformers for twelve months. —Electric Construction Co.

West Hartlepool.—Corporation. Accepted. Six 500-kVA transformers.—Bonar, Long& Co.

Contracts in ProspectParticulars o f new works and building schemes fo r the use o f electrical installation contractors and traders. Publication in this section is no guarantee that electrical work is definitely included. Alleged

inaccuracies should be reported to the Editors.Barnton (Northwich).—Hall, library, theatrical

accommodation, etc. (£10,000), for Parish Council; Clerk to the Council, Barnton, Northwich, Cheshire.

Blackpool. — Houses (32), St. Walburgas estate; borough engineer.

Burton-on-Trent. — Houses (300), Waterside estate; borough engineer.

Cardiff.—Rebuilding premises after fire, Green Farm (£5,000); city engineer.

Carlisle.—Houses (241) for the City Council; city engineer, 18, Fisher Street, Carlisle.

Cheltenham. — Boiler house, Alpha House; Spirax Manufacturing Co.

Dearham (Cumberland).—Houses (40) for the North-Eastern Housing Association; P. L. Browne, Son and Harding, Pearl Buildings, Northumberland Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne.

Dumbarton.—Clinic, Hillfoot (£2,700) for County Council; county clerk.

Douglas (Isle of Man).—Houses (118), Spring Valley estate; borough engineer.

Durham.—Central kitchen at Wheatley Hill; county architect, 34, Old Elvet, Durham.

Essex.—Canteen, Garrison Hill school, Pur- fleet (£1,077); county architect.

Hebburn-on-Tyne.—Storage depot at the junction of Whinney Lane and Victoria Road West for the Ministry of Works.

Kent — School improvements, Chatham (£13,000) and huts at technical schools, Bromley (£10,000); county architect Maidstone.

Liverpool.—School canteen; Lloyd & Cross, Ltd.. 68, Argyle Street, Birkenhead.

Macclesfield.—Two medical wards as exten­sions to general Infirmary’ (£10,000); J. F. Morton, secretary.

Morpeth.—Completion of 16 houses for the R.D.C.; surveyor, Council Offices, Dacre Street.

Newcastle-on-Tyne. — Additions to patho­logical laboratory at the Shotley Bridge Emer­gency Hospital for the City Council; city architect 18, Cloth M arket Newcastle.

Fancy leather goods factory for E. Swann, Ltd., Northampton.

Newport (Isle of Wight).—Reconstruction, Westminster BonemilL, for S. Cooper & Sons;F. Chiverton, architect.

Rochdale.—Three schools at Kingsway, Kirk Holt and Spotland; S. H. Morgan, borough surveyor, Town Hall.

Stretford.—Rebuilding 23 houses, Dalton Avenue; J. Maunders & Sons, Ltd.

Sunderland.—Houses (800) on various sites ; borough engineer.

Warwickshire. — Central kitchen, senior school, Stratford-on-Avon; county architect.

West Hartlepool.—Additions to factory and office. Murray Street for T. Relton & Son, Ltd.; R. Rowe, architect, 6, Scarborough Street, West Hartlepool.

Rebuilding five war-damaged houses, Rift House estate; borough engineer.

Whitley Bay.—Houses on 23 acres of land near the Foxhunter’s Inn; U.D.C. surveyor.

W olverhampton.—Extensions to nurses’ home at Royal Hospital; superintendent.

W orcestershire.—School huts, Rubery; county architect.

May 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w

¡¡SB, O «*5* ” ®

B A K ER PLA T IN U M LTD., 52 H IG H H O LBO R N , LO N D O N , W .C .I

44 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 25, 1945

to pow er n e e d s .. . .

Please send particulars of your power problems to the address given below, and a positive answer based on wide experience will gladly be given.

Fowler engines provide power for Transm itting, Generating,Lighting and W e ld ing S e ts ; also Diesel E lectric Loco- motives and Cranes, etc.Petrol Engines to 16 B.H.P.Diesel Engines 4 to 200 B.H.P.

J O H N F O W L E R &T e le p h o n e : L e e d s 30731 to 8 .

C O . ( L E E D S ) L T D . , L E E D S 10T e le g r a m s : F o w le r , L e e d s

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 4 5

lèse-4 wire all-hour

A development o f the well-known NE M eter

# SIM PLE A D JUSTM EN TSThe NE 4 Meter includes adjusting devices that are quickly

and easily operated without special tools.f ) FLAT LO A D C U R V E

The high standard of performance that characterises two- element meters is also a feature of this 3-phase 4-wire meter.

O SPACE SA V IN GThough the meter has three separate elements, it occupies

no more panel space than the standard two-element meter,Write for leaflet No. 356 8-1.

_____________________________________________G/A30I

I M P R O V E Y O U R L I G H T I N G in consultation with M E T R O V I C K S I L L U M I N A T I N G E N G I N E E R S

4 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 25, 1945

W A T E R T I G H T - Y E T E A S I L Y O P E N E D

“ ELK INGTON G ATIC ”* M A N H O LE C O V ER S* LA R G E A R EA

M U LT IPLE C O V ER S * D U C T C O V ER S

A L L S IZ E S T O S U IT A L L T R A F F IC C O N D IT IO N S

T H ED O V E R

E N G IN E E R IN G W O R K S LTD.Bypass Road

W A T F O R DA ST A N D A R D STO C K___________________________________________SIZE PA VEM EN T C O V ER p h o n e : W A T F O R D 5 6 6 6

T E L E G R A M S : E N G IN E S , W A T F O R D

J E N S O N & N I C H O L S O NL I M I T E D

Makers of high-quality Industrial Finishes to theELEC T R IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G IN D U S T R Y

—----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I h I I * ’ M b )

J E N S O N & N I C H O L S O N L T DI N D U S T R I A L F I N I S H E S D I V I S I O N

36 S t. Ja m es 's Street * L ondon ' -S IT 1

L O N D O N C A L C U T T A J O H A N N E S B U R G M E L B O U R N E H A I F A

S ^ S ^ J ' t t i n g sS c in*«,,

£ ^ | S 5 a « i S ' s s

D'E CASTn r gl3ss ac* d°« r l im ^ r ? T s

d , S ? ,be a p p lie d Wlth " ® a * f i n , ,e l y

"h e r e headandard ToP fo r mn• * & s s a

,S3t|on required.

4 8 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w May 25, 1945

E L E C T R I C

T O O L S

J O H NH A L L

( t o o l s ) l t d

CA RD IFF . . . 22-24, Morgan Arcade B IR M IN G H A M - 8, Snow Hill BR ISTO L . . . 7, Broad Quay and

3, Augustine's Parade N E W P O R T - - - 81. High Street S W A N SEA - 93 Br/nvmor Road

and I, Northampton Place

A T r y a n y o n e o f o u r d e p o ts fo r y o u r e le c t r ic

to o ls — t h e y w il l h e lp yo u a ll t h e y c a n .

RP-436C

td -a + ty o »/¿¿fi/ e ** e 4 y

Neat, quick fitting Siegrlst Latex Sleeves cling tenaciously round the smallest cable — and stretch easily over the largest. They DEFY temperature changes and retain their snug fit under climatic extremes of tropical heat or arctic cold. Unlike ordinary tubes, Siegrlst Latex EX PA N D S tenfold w ithout splitting. On.-e f-tted they CO N TRA C T , filling every crevice ; effecting a moisture-excluding, a ir­proof seal which guarantees permanent insulation. PROM PT D ELIVER IES. W e offer a 24-hour service on

special printed orders with Immediate de­liveries from stock for standard sleeves.

C A B L E M A R K E R S AND E . 8IE G R I8T LTD ., 39 Berneri St., W .1

S L E E V E S Tel. MU8. 0032

\ fa \ 25. 1945 Electrical Review 49

G O O D W IR E S “ the structureon which the Electrical Industry depends

ewe os

IN S U L A T E D C O N D U C T O R S

T H E LO N D O N E L E C T R IC W IR E C O M P A N Y A N D S M IT H S . L IM IT E D . C H U R C H R O A D . LE Y T O N . LONDON. E J O

5 0 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 25, 1945

LANCOMOTORS LIMITED

M anufactu ring . E le c t r ic a l . . En g ineers •

Soedalists in the manufacture of

C O I L SS h u n t, S e r ie s , C o m m u ta t in g ,

Brake, Armature, etc., etc.

Electric Motors and Equipment made to Custom ers’ Specification

% % %

CLOUGH ST., HANLEY S T O K E - O N - T R E N T

T E L E P H O N E 2378-9

To

P R E V E N T damageto your Electric Cables by firePROTECT them withNEWALLS MOULDED

ASBESTOSFull particu la rs fro m : —

Newalls Insulation Co. Ltd.W A S H IN G T O N , Co. DURH AM

E l e c t r i c L i f t s —THEIR D ESIGN <fc M ANU FACTU RE I S A H IG H LY SPECIALISED INDUSTRY

O ur claims are based on more than half a century of experience.For present or future plans we should be glad to quote for all types of passenger, goods and service lifts, having capacities o f :—

5 6 lbs. to 10 tonsM a y we send y o u details o f our “ E Jec tro m a tic ” service l i f t f o r canteens ? I t saves it s cost in a y e a r '.

KEIGHLEY LIFTS LTD.D ep t. 3, 9, V ictoria S t., London, S.W .l

T e le p h o n e : A B B e y 4 1 8 4

L e e d s M a n c h e s t e r B ir m in g h a m K e ig h le y26518 B lackfriars 2903 C e n tra l 6552 3298

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 51

S '4 0 - 60% e a r t h -t a u l t 120 - 240% p h a s e -ta u u t

50" - 75% e a r t h -fault 1 5 0 - 300% PHASE-FAUIT

r Î A N S r O M E R S

Ä Ä *

WITH HIGH STABILITY-FACTOR AND USING STANDARD PILOT-CABLE

F u r t h e r d e t a i l s a r e in P a n p h l e t N o . 8 0 6

R E Y R O L L E ~H EB B U R N -O N -TY N E E N G L A N D

F

52 Hi-rcTRicAL Rnvirw M ay 25, 1945

Here, Sir, is a lady of unimpeachable breeding. Her surroundings are in the most perfect taste ; her writing desk is of carved walnut of exquisite workmanship ; rare and beautiful flowers add the last touch of elegance to her environment. The jam jar, S ir ? W e ll, after all one need not be fussy. Does not a jam jar hold flowers just as well as a piece of Chaplet pottery or a K ’ang Hsi vase ? These trifles . . . W e beg your pardon, S ir ? You don’t agree?You consider it an outrage ? You regard it as a crime to spoil a beautiful ship for a ?Yes, Yes, Sir. O f course. W e see your point. Naturally, as an engineer, you would not overlook the “ finishing touch.” You would, for example, specify precision holding components by Newton. You would know that security, speedy assembly—and often safety— depend upon Newton accuracy and dependability.Precisely, Sir, the Ha’p’orth of tar . . . .

N E W T O NH O L D I N G C O M P O N E N T S

B o lts, N u ts, S c re w s , R ivets , P recisio n C o m po n en ts

L, H, NE W T O N & CO, L T D . , N E C H E L L S , B I R M I N G H A M , 7Telephone: EASt 1551 (16 lines)

London, C o ven try , M a n c h ester, B ris to l, D u b lin , South A fr ic a , N e w Z e a la n d , India

Precision Speeds Production

M ay 25, 1945 E l f c t r i c a i Rrvirw 53

M A T H E R & P L A T T L TD

5 4 E l e c t r ic a i R eview M ay 25. 1 L>45

U w D a n g e r

S p o t s !

That corridor with a blind corner, that awkward stairway, that doorway in a dim c o r n e r - these are the danger spots. W igan and Lacent Prismatic Lighting is your solution.

Wigan and Lacent fittings comprise a full range of units. Fully descriptive leaflets and specifications are available on request.

HE YESo i c j a n

H E Y E S 8c C O M P A N Y L I M I T E D W A T E R H E Y E S W O R K S , W I C A NAffen« : F. G. Ke<elby, Gazetco Buildings, C orporation St.

Birm ingham.

dm I W i

M IC A N IT EOF

MERITu t e v e r y f o r m

c c ie c e c t b a n

u e ts /t-e r * i u * u f*

n u ic / u e u e / p o t ts

tu b e *, tcu n e// jq tu iu

flu ib te ( m eu/tltnyJteet

dope*, etc

sh a p e*

MIKIIUCIUIID AND (> II > It W I I I D & r

G IB S O N . TODD £ CO.LTDA L B E R T M I L L S ■ H G l l l N W O O D

INSULATION CO. LTD., GLOUCESTER

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 5 5

At the m om ent when A lessandro V olta was v isiting the scientific celebrities of

th is coun try , the firm of Thom as Bolton & Sons was founded. I t was a prophetic

coincidence. The science of e lec tric ity was em erging from the unknow n bu t its

coming influence on in d u stry was y e t the dream of a few im aginative m inds.

S im ilarly th e founders of Thom as B olton and Sons could have no conception of

the p a r t th e firm would p lay in the developm ent of th e elec trical industry from

its b irth . Succeeding generations, however, were quick to seize the opportun ity .

T hat th ey have played th e ir p a r t efficiently and helpfully is recognised th rough­

out the elec trica l m anufactu ring f ie ld .________ e s t a b l i s h e d 1783

SO N S , L T D .

S p e c i a l i s t s s i n c e 1 7 8 3

In Volta’s day

C O P P E R AND C O P P E R A LLO Y M A N U FA C T U R E R S. W IR E , S H E E T , S T R IP , ST R A N D , P L A T E S , B A R S , R O D S . T U É E S , S E C T IO N S , M A C H IN E D P A R T S .

Contractors to Home, C olonial & Foreign Governm ent Services; R a ilw a y & Transport CompaniesHEAD OFFICE : WIDNES, LANCS. (Telephone WIDNES 2022) ; LONDON OFFICE : 168 REGENT ST., W.l. (REGENT 6427-8-9)

5 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w May 25, 1945

eu uptu

UI'SeG

Hot Brass Presswork, Meta l P r e s s i n g s or Ma c h i n ed B r a s s w o r k are what we specialise in — and we are quite sure we can help you.

We work in ail metals and to most specifications.

■WRIGHT BINDLEY EGELL LTDP E R C Y R O A D , B I R M I N G H A M I I

F o r R e l i a b l e P r o d u c t s

S p e c i a l 10 a n d

S S S S S ^ C - o — - ; ; ork

I P W SS & 'N E L °

. * r 7 r ^ o . w rovefui'y A nr*

CONTACTOR SW1ICHGEAR1TD WOLVERHAMPTON

THE CHRONTACTOR OVERLOAD METER(lives positive protection to both A.C. and IXC. motors against 1 5 % continuous overload (or 1 0 % if specially ordered). The instrum ent will either trip out or actuate a warning on overload, but will not trip prem aturely on heavy starting peaks up to 45 seconds duration.

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 57

y @ M ll llm v e t o o s f c

You’ll have to ask your Dad ? . . . Not you ! Every live man in the Trade knows the unique merits of the Tenby W iring System. If you cannot get all the Tenby Accessories you require,at least be assured that we distribute them without favour andto the very besto f o u r a b i l i t y .

S + O + B O W K E R19-21 Warstone Lane B IR M IN G H A M , 18Telephone:CENtral 3701

RP.457

5 8 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w May 25, 1945

MODERN METHODS OF HEAT TREATMENTA c c u r a t e ly c o n t ro l le d h e a t , C o n s is te n t R e su lts a n d M a x im u m w o rk in g e co n o m y

FULM EN FU R N A C ES are a high-grade engineering production, portable, robust and corrosion-proof

T Y PE “ IV.” Capacity I" x 4£". Temperature to 1000 C.T YPE “ A Z-” D-shaped Muffle 2 {" X 3'' x 6” . To 1000'C.TYPE “ R .” Rectangular Muffle, 2 f" x 3" x 7". To I I50°C .

Specifications and Prices from

F U L M E N E L E C T R I C F U R N A C E S81 D U N ST A BLE STREET • AM PTH ILL . BED FO RD

• Prices and Sped fl catlo n s an application.

A R C H D . L O W ELEC S. LTD.N ew arth ili, M otherwell, Scotland

OIL H EA TIN GW e have developed a new range of E lectric O il Heaters for use w ith Creosote “ B ” and Creosote/pitch “ C .P .” m ixture.

C HE may consider the idea of a kitchen without ^ a larder somewhat revolutionary. But actually, with a refrigerator of ample size, a.larder is quite unnecessary. With this in view, Prestcold engin­eers have designed a model of 4 cub. ft. capacity for mass-production at a popular price. It would hold sufficient perishable goods for a family of four. Non-perishable foods would be kept in kitchen cupboards. The “no-larder” kitchen has been proved satisfactory in actual practice, and architects and builders will be quick to realise the constructional saving to be effected. For the future health of the nation a refrigerator is a desirable addition to every home. For the “ quick-frozen ” foods which will be available after the war, refrigerators will become ah absolute necessity to all. The following advantages of the Prestcold design are well worth noting.

Storage capacity of approximately cubic feet, which will hold all

the perishable foodstuffs for a family of four.I arder space rendered unnecessary. Dry goods and non - perishable foodstuffs would be kept in kit­chen cupboards.Waist - high refrigerator door, allowing access to interior without Stooping.

Height adaptable by varying posi­tion of supporting frames.

Refrigerator can be built into kitchen fitments with cupboarc space above and below it.

Design provides for adequate ven­tilation of mechanism without tb< necessity for special air-bricks o ducting.

P R E S T C O L D

A PRODUCT OF THE PRESSED STEEL COMPANY LIM ITED

HE CRITERION OF COMPETENCE

Few people seeing an Indian Dance

realise the infinity of detail In poise,

costume, movement and music — the

accumulated experience of years.

In a similar way, the forethought In detail

in the Conexterna Compression Joint

makes it the most

speedy method of

connecting up

Copper Conduit

Installations. Ten

seconds and a

spanner ensure

the most rigid

joint known.

C O N E X T E R N A L T D .G R E A T B R I D G E , T I P T O N , S T A F F S

May 25 , IP 45

60 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M a y 25, 1945

E L E C T R I F I C A T I O N

r 7 The Kenyon "Underdriven" Group System

# The "K.V." Short Centre» Individual Drive

# The "W eilding" Clutch Frame Drive' r /

# The Kenyon 2/3 Card Synchronous Drive' \ / x

J \ . ^The com prehensive K enyon Service is a t yo u r disposal

Wm. KENYON & SONS, LTD., Dukinfield, CHESHIREK V 32

WHERE QUALITY l§ SPECIFIED —

M ETA IIICFor Thf

4 $ * *

IÉ S

Sa,eS ° Â w e U a o r . BrÇe<

9/ Ok

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 61

6 2 E l e c t r i c a l R e m e w \ fa v 25. 1945

F r a m e s a n d C a s e s f o r E l e c t r i c a l E q u i p m e n t

FEEDER PILLARS,

CUBICLE AND

TELEPHONE BOXES,

BUSBAR CHAMBERS,

CONNECTION BOXES,

INSTRUMENT PANELS

AIR DUCTSG R EA T W E S T R O A D , B R E N T F O R D

Phone : Ea ling 6655 . Teleg raph ic A dd ress : " A rd u x , b ren tfo rd *

r v r *— L

—

L; U

| ; iJ i

1

C O IL S , C H O K E S T R A N S F O R M E R S

R. M. ELECTRIC LTD. T E A M V A L L E Y , G A T E S H E A D , I I .

PU M PS FO R :C R EO SO TE PITCHAS S U P P L IE D T O P ET R O LEU M B O A R D Pumps for

Petro l. W a te r . Tar. Fuel O il. etc. Suction lifts 25ft. w ithout priming.

Variable stroke and Auto ­matical!/ Reversib le pumps.

R O T O P L U N G E PUMP Co. Ltd. 58 V icto ria Street, S .W . I

Phone : V IC 4395 Gram s : Rotoplung

I N V I S A F L E XIN D USTRIAL LOCAL

LIGHTING UNITSC ^ U E E N C t o ^

B m u Á . u k M

orurwuerscrf ^ f l o u c H O 'J o j i v d i u t O o s e

ELEC T R IC IT Y SER V IC ES LTCL86 CANNON ST.EC .4

A/i/ i 25, l u ] ' I i i:c i i'ii. u Ri \ if \v 63

H K H I K T K T I K I ' ł S S O O l A T I O N M A R K

The Members of the

Association of Steel Conduit Manufacturershave pleasure in announcing that

AS FRO M

1st MAY, 1945

T H E TR A D IN G SC H EM E IN R E S P E C T OF A .S.C M. S T E E L CO N D U IT

HAS BEEN E N T IR E L Y R EM O D ELLED .ALL TRADE BU YERS OF STEEL C O N D U IT ARE ENT ITLED TO A G RA D ED D ISCO UN T UPON THE BASIS OF THEIR A N N U A L PURCHASES, A N D SUCH G RA D ED D ISC O U N T

W IL L BE A L L O W E D OFF IN V O IC E AT THE TIME OF PURCHASE.

CUSTO M ERS W IL L N O T BE A SKED TO SIGN AS EX C LU SIV E BUYERS.

EXCLUSIVE BU Y IN G BO N U S A N D D EFERRED REBATES ARE TO BE D ISC O N T IN U ED .

Full details of the Scheme may be obtained from any Member, Authorised Wholesale Factor or :

The Secretary,Association of Steel Conduit Manufacturers,

25 Bennett’s Hill,

The Members of the Association are :

A LM A & C R A N M O R E T U BE CO . LTD. B A R L O W , H. J., & CO . LTD. E L EC T R IC A L C O N D U IT S LTD. G E N E R A L E L EC T R IC C O . LTD. G R IFF ITH S, ISA A C . & SO N S H IL D IC K & H IL D IC K M cD O U G A LL , JAM ES. LTD.

Birmingham 2.

S IM PLEX E LEC T R IC CO , LTD. Comprising :Credenda Conduits Co. Ltd. Perfecta Tube Co. Ltd. Simplex Conduits Ltd.Stella Conduit Co. Ltd.

M ET A LLIC SEAM LESS T U BE CO . LTD. STEEL T U BE & C O N D U IT CO .

(Middlesbrough) LTD. TA LBO T-STEA D T U B E C O . LTD. T IPPER B R O T H ER S (B ILS T O N ) LTD. W A L S A L L C O N D U IT S LTD.

Advertisement of the Association of Steel Conduit Manufacturers, 25 Bennett's Hill, Birmingham 2

64 E l e c t r i c \ l R e \ t e \ v May 25. 1945

’■wa• S p e e d ü y n a k e s s c ~ ü ¿ j o i n t s o n c x id i s e d ¿ a n a c e s .

rM u m § $ m

A P P R O V E D BY I D . to D T D . 599

G - P .O . a n d a l l o tH e r G o T e i a m e a t

D e p a r t m e n t s .• C o n ta in s 5 c o r e s o t e x t r a a c t i v e r a r - c o r r c s t r e fnsx . N o e x t r a FTk x r e q u i r e d .

TH E O N L Y S O L D E R W IR E W IT H 3 C O R E S O F F L U X .

F i r s t s a r e tn v rre d to i r r i t e f o r L-ifKar? r e r e n s r r e te c h n ic a l ¿K tcm aKO K. tr-c ln d in g c s e r c l t a b l e t off steiÊK -ç p o r t s , e tc . S e t s f r e e v i S i “e s tm g

Sing le r e e l ra s e r .o sn inal I lb . r e e l s .13 S W G . . . - 4 1016 S W G 5 /3

A b o v e p r ic e s s n h je c r to u s u a l t r a d e d i s e e u r t .

MULTICORE SOLDERS LIMITEDC o m m o n w e a l t h H o u s e . N e w O x f o r d S t r e e t L o n d o n . W .C . l T e l . C H A n c e r y 5121-2

rrmrSWITCHGEAR

A LL T Y PES ALL VOLTAGES ALL WATTAGES

MADE TO L A T E S T S.S.I. SPECIFICATION

E n s e l E l e c t r i c s308 , GRAYS INN R° LONDON,W.C.l

- e :e ?k »i£ T E R m inus 6 2 5 5 -6

= '

|in s .T a p e r jPm s,Ftvot *R i v e t s . a i t d s iH a lt

W atc lila tlu 1

STERNAWC O M P A N Y L T D .

M ay 25, 1945 I I I I IKK a i . R f v i é w 6 5

B R I T A N N I C

C A B L E S

A N I N D E P E N D E N T C O M P A N Y , M A K E R S O F E .H .T .

A N D L .T . P A P E R M A IN S C A B L E S , V A R N I S H E D C A M B R IC

C .T .S . M IN I N G T R A I L I N G , " I V E R I T E ” I N S U L A T E D C A B L E S

A N D T H E R M O P L A S T I C C A B L E S (P .V .C .

B R IT A N N IC ELEC T R IC C A B LE & C O N S T R U C T IO N CO . LTD . IVER B U C K S Telephone: IV ER 491 Telegrams "B R IT A N N IC , IV E R "

E V E R Y T H I N G H A D A B E G I N N I N G

We rightly think o f Stephenson’s ‘ Rocket ’ as the beginning

of our railways, but we should go back to Cugnot’s steam

lorry, illustrated here, fo r the birth o f steam propulsion.

As regards electric lighting, that began in real earnest in this country over sixty years «go, when we made the first storage batteries and lit the Law Courts, Royal Exchange, and other important buildings.Today our batteries have wider fields of application. In addition to Train Lighting they are supreme for Country House Light­ing, for Motor vehicles and Aircraft, and now are being widely used for Emergency Lighting in buildings where light is necessary when the mains fail.P & G and E.P.S. Cells have also an enviable record of reliability in Central Stations,Telephone Exchanges and in every other application.

PRITCHETT & GOLD and E.P.S. CO. LTD—f o r m e r ly th e E le c tr ic a l P o w e r S to r a g e C o ., L t d . —M A D E T H E F I R S T B A T T E R I E S P G I2 b / 4 4

SO Grosvbnok Gardbns, London, S.W .i. Phone: SLOane 7164 Gram »: Storage, Soweat, London

9 R E P L A T I N G . Ensure long and reliable service by having your present batteries replated by us.

6fi Cl-FCTRIt \ l R fM E U M ay 25, 1945

- A G R O B A K E L I T E B L O C K S -T H E A L T E R N A T IV E TO WOOD B L O C K S

A S S U P P L I E D T O T H E

A IR M IN IS T R Y PROMPT DELIVERY

N o . 5050 Round typ e ior one 2" o r 5 -am p ere s w itc h .

N o . 7070 R ound typ e »or o ne 2' ce n tre C e ilin g Rose.

N o . 8080 O b lo n g typ e io r t^ o 1“ o r 2± ' 5-am pere iw irc h e *

8 R O W N BAKELITE

T .M .C .- H A R W E L L ( S A L E S ) L T D .BR IT A N N IA H O U SE, 233 SHAFTESBURY AVENUE, LONDON, W .C.2

Telephone: lEM p le Bar 0055 (3 lin e s ) T e leg ram : “ A rw e lid ite , Westcent, London”

. \ \ C K u ,

D A Y A N D N1GHT

ELECTRIC SERV ICE, v C K t v .

F O R

QUICK RELIABLE REPAIRSA N D

REWINDST H E M ID LAN D D YN A M O Co. Ltd .

L E I C E S T E R Phone 20172 (3 lines)

Lo n d o n O ffice21 Gt. S u f fo lk St.. S.E.I

^ n g e u j s

E L E C T R I C F I R E SEfficient and Artistic

Make your post-war plans now for sales o f Angelus Fires

INGRAM, KEMP A J O Y N E RN E W T O W N R O W BI R M I N G H A M i

y S ^ v d u e h ' o f i

E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w

ï ï î o « o

I M P R O V E Y O U R L I G H T I N G in consultation with M E T R O V I C K ’S I L L U M I N A T I N G E N G I N E E R S

G

mmm i p m i i w *

E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 2 5 , 1 9 4 5

RELIABLE SUPPORTING. TERMINATING AND

CURRENUOLLECTORFOR C R A N E S A N D C O N V E Y O R S

B.I. grooved contact wires, sup­ported by mechanical ears, give a non-fouling passage for the slipper collectors.

Screw adjusted porcelain insulated bow strings carry the contact wires. The terminating sets, which also have screw adjustment, consist of terminal clamp and two porcelain shackle insulators.

BRITISH INSULATED CABLES LTD.,Hctl OPica PdESCOT. LANOP. PNiClANO. T.laphon* - ■ PR£SCOT *571

FOR this 10 ton electrically operated Goliath Crane, having a cross traverse

of 120 feet, the current collector equip­ment and contact wires w ere supplied and installed by B.I.

Longitudinal equipment comprises three insulated swivel head slipper collectors with renewable carbon inserts, and embodying insulated swivel bases.

Many years of experience in all parts of the world have given B.I. an unrivalled position in the field of Power and Traction Equipment.

B .I. Advisory Service is available to g ive expert advice on any projected installation.

„„ PiRKINSON LIMITED, ELECTRA HOUSE, VICTORIA EMBANKMENT, LONDON, W.C.2C R O M R T u , , » ¡ g i i Telegram s : C ro m parK t i l 'a n d . Leedan

R>'v7e l e n h e r i ! . TtMpi .

_____

Electrical Review, May 25, 1945

A I M H I GH !Plan to feed the new construction with

CR o m P To np u p ^ t C A B L E S

70 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w M ay 25, 1945

I H E A V Y D U T Y |

METAL-CLAD SW ITC H G EA R

• a c c e s s i b i l i t y characterize this range of switchgear. By the advanced design o f the circuit breakers and the use of con­denser bushings for all busbars and connections the am ount of oil and com pound in the gear has been reduced to less th an th a t in single break units of- sim ilar capacity, while the sim plicity and easy m aintenance of the double break vertical isolation construction have been m aintained. Protection against d irt and fire h azard is p ro ­vided by the all-steel fabricated construction and to tal enclosure.

Advt. of The General Electric Co. Ltd. Head Office : Magnet House, Kingsway, London, W.C.2

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w 71

-CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEM ENTSA D V E R T I S E M E N T S fo r insertion in th e following F r id a y s lisu e a re accep ted u p to F i r s t P o s t o n M o n d a y , a t D o rse t H ouse, S ta m fo rd S tree t, L ondon,JX. 1 .T H E C H A R G E fo r ad v e rtisem en ts in th is section 1S. / Pe r _ (aPprox . 8 w ords) per insertion , m in im u m 2 lines 4/-, o r fo r d isp lay ad v ertisem en ts 30/- p e r inch , w ith a m in im u m of one inch. W here th e a d v e rtis e m en t includes a Box N u m b er th ere is an ad d itio n a l charge of 6d . fo r postage of replies. S I T U A T I O N S W A N T E D . — T hree insertions u n d e r th is h ead in g can be o b ta in e d fo r the price of two if o rd ered an d p rep a id w ith th e first in sertion .

R E P L I E S T O ad v e rtise m en ts pub lished u n d e r a Box N u m b e r if n o t to be delivered to a n y p a rticu la r firm o r ind iv id u a l should be accom pan ied by in s tru c ­tions to th is effect, addressed to th e M anager of th e E L E C T R IC A L R E V IE W . L e tte rs of a p p lic a n ts in such cases can n o t be re tu rn ed to th em . T h e nam e of an ad v e rtise r using a Box N u m b er will n o t be disclosed. All rep lies to B ox N u m b ers should be add ressed to th e B ox N u m b er in th e ad v e rtisem en t, c/o E L E C T R IC A L R E V IE W , D o rse t H ouse, S ta m ­fo rd S tree t, L ondon , S .E .l . Cheques an d P ostal O rders shou ld be m ad e p ay ab le to E L E C T R IC A L R E V IE W L T D . an d crossed.

Original testimonials should not be sent with applications for employment.

S IT U A T IO N S V A C A N TNone of th e vacancies for w om en advertised, in these

columns relates to a w om an betw een 18 and 41 unless such woman (a) has liv ing w ith her a child o f hers under the age of 14. or (b) is reg istered under the B lin d Persons A cts, or (c) has a M in istry o f L a bour p erm it to allow her to obtain em p lo ym en t by ind iv id u a l effort.

B O R O U G H O F M O R L E Y

E le ct r i c it y Department

Lady Showroom Attendant and Demonstrator

AP P L IC A T IO N S a re in v ited for th e ab o v e a p p o in tm en t a t a sa la ry of G rad e C (C o rp o ra tio n 's G rading

Scheme). £160-£10-£180, p lu s w ar bonus. T h e a p p o in t­ment is an estab lished p o s t u n d er th e C o rp o ratio n ’s S u p e r­annuation Schem e, an d th e successful can d id a te m u st satisfactorily pass a m edical ex am in atio n .

Candidates m u st h a v e a good general education , hold the E .A .W . D ip lom a o r C ertificate (or eq u iv a len t), have a thorough know ledge of d om estic e lectrical appliances, m ust be co m p eten t to co n d u c t cookery d em o n stra tio n s , and advise consum ers on e lectrical appliances.

Applications, s ta tin g age, m arita l s ta te , p re se n t position and full p a rticu la rs of p rev ious experience, to g e th e r w ith copies of recen t testim onia ls , sh ou ld be se n t to th e Borough Electrical Engineer, E le c tr ic ity Offices. M orley, Y orks, on or before 2nd J u n e . 1945. C and ida tes shou ld s ta te th e ir liability for N atio n a l Service.

E . V. F IN N IG A N .Town H all. M orley. T ow n Clerk.14th M ay. 1945. 1993

B O R O U G H O F L U T O N

E lectri c it y Department

AP P L IC A T IO N S a re in v ited for th e position of S w itch ­board A tte n d a n t. A pp lican ts m u s t have sound

experience in th e c o n tro l of h igh an d low pressu re sw itch ­boards and th e o p e ra tio n a n d m ain ten an ce of ro ta ry con­verting p lan t.

Conditions of service an d ra te of p a y will be in accord ­ance w ith th e N a tio n a l J o in t B o ard Schedule, C lass G. Grade 9a (p resen t sa la ry £307 p e r annum ).

The successful can d id a te will be req u ired to pass a medical exam ina tion an d to c o n trib u te to th e C orporation s Superannuation Schem e.

A pplications, giv ing age. de ta ils o f t ra in in g a n d ex p e ri­ence. p resent position regard ing service w ith H .M . Forces, and accom panied by copies of tw o recen t testim onia ls , m ust be delivered n o t la te r th a n F rid a y . 1 st Ju n e . 1945. to C. T. Melling, M .S c.(T ech .). M .I .E .E .. A .M .I.M ech .E .. Borough E lectrica l E ng ineer, E lec tr ic ity Offices. S t. M a ry ’s Road. L u to n . .

Canvassing, d irec tly or ind irectly , will d isqualify .W . H . R O B IN S O N .

Town H all. L u to n . Tow n Clerk15th M ay. 1 9 4 5 . ______________________________ ^008

ArvwrvNi'T A N T for dom estic engineering co n trac to rs, costing system an d con tro l of staff. S ta te

experienœ . S o u th ern Counties. B ox 1986. c / o The E lectrical R eview .

T H E E N G I N E E R S U R V E Y O R S ’ A S S O C I A T I O N

X p N G IN E E R S (M echanical, E lectrica l an d L ift and Crane) seeking to e n te r th e Engineering Insu rance

In d u stry should w rite to th e G eneral S ecretary of th e above A ssociation, w hich is exclusively concerned w ith th e in ­d u s try . and is. in fac t, th e only A ssociation so concerned.

T yp ical qualifications a r e : T horough Pow er P la n t e x ­perience. ashore or a f lo a t ; F irs t Class or E x tra F irs t ClassB .O .T .; N atio n a l an d H igher N atio n a l C ertificates; D raw ­ing Office experience; M em bership of a Senior In stitu tio n an ad v an tag e .

The A ssociation’s sa la ry scale is in general operation th ro u g h o u t th e industry .

JA M E S C. F E L L .19, A tlan tic Cham bers, G eneral Secretary .

7, B razennose S treet.M anchester, 2. 1988

CA P A B L E M anager to ta k e charge of an d develop elec­trica l d ep t, of soundly estab lished London re ta il

business. S ta te age and full d e ta ils of experience.— Box 7098. c /o The E lectrica l Review .

CH E M IST requ ired for m an u fac tu re of an d research in to fluorescent m ate ria l. E xperience in th is field or in

inorganic analysis of tra c e s an a d v an tag e . E x ce llen t p o s t­w ar prospects. Salary according to qualifications. W rite — Box E .L .3 , 105, J u d d S tree t, L ondon. W .C .l. 1995

CH IE F E lectrica l E ng ineer req u ired b y large colliery u n d ertak in g in S .E . E ng lan d . E ssen tia l t h a t ap p lican t

should have held senior position an d h ad first-class t ra in ­ing an d experience of e lectrically-operated collieries an d generating p lan t. Salary £600-£700 per annum according to qualifications. W rite, q u o tin g D .1032X A , to M inistry of L ab o u r an d N a tio n a l Service, C en tral (T. & S.) R egister, Room 5 /1 7 . S ard in ia S tree t. K ingsw ay. L ondon. W .C.2. for ap p lica tion form , w hich m u s t be re tu rn ed com pleted by 31st M ay. 1945. 2011T T 'L E C T R IC lam p m an u fac tu re rs . Sou th -W est London

area , req u ire S uper Fo rem an , P ro d u c tio n or o th er ’ M anager. Good sa la ry and p rospects. M tist be fully acq u ain ted w ith sealing, s tem m ak ing and pum ping and used to hand le lab o u r efficiently. P referab ly fundam enta l know ledge of filam en t design .— Box 1950, c /o T he E lec­trica l R eview . ^

E L E C T R IC A L an d M echanical Eng ineering C om pany in L o ndon area req u ire D e p a rtm e n ta l M anager for

th e ir electric m o to r an d tran sfo rm er section . A com ­m encing sa la ry of £500 p e r an n u m will be p a id to a keen, energetic m an w ith th e following q u a lif ic a tio n s : (1) Good prac tica l experience in w inding an d assem bly of e lectric m oto rs. A.C. an d D .C .. a ll sizes, tran sfo rm ers , coils, e tc .: (2) sound tech n ical know ledge; (3) ab le to co n tro l and tra in m ixed lab o u r; (4) som e experience of es tim atin g an d ra te fixing. A pply by le t te r , s ta tin g age an d concise p a rticu la rs of t ra in in g and su b seq u en t experience. A p­p lican ts selected for in te rv iew will be p a id trav e llin g expenses.— Box 1977. c /o T he E lectrica l R eview . T T 'L E C T R IC A L w holesalers requ ire T rad e C oun ter Assis- J L ta n t . M ust be co n v ersan t w ith a ll ty p es of electrical m ate ria l for in sta lla tio n purposes.— London E lectrica l Co.. 92. B lackfria rs R o ad , S .E .l . 24

ELE C T R IC IA N S an d Sign E rec to rs fu lly qualified in N eon Sign w ork a re req u ired for post-w ar. as soon

as p resen t res tric tio n s on engagem ent a re rem oved. W rite now w ith d e ta ils of experience to— B ox 7090, c / o The E lectrica l R eview . ."C ^ N G IN E E R IN G w orks desirous of m an u fac tu rin g

dom estic electrical appliances in v ites applications, a fte r th e p resen t restric tions of em ploym ent a re rem oved, from D esigner an d M anager capable of c rea tin g own ideas an d contro lling p rodu ctio n . W rite under— B ox 7097. c /o T h e E lectrica l R eview .

72 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w M ay 25, 1945

E ST IM A T IN G E n g in eer req u ired by large H om e C oun­tie s firm of m an u fa c tu r in g e lectrical engineers to deal

w ith enqu iries a n d tech n ic a l co rrespondence for house serv ice m ete rs an d in d ica tin g in s tru m e n ts . A pp lican ts w ho havfe specialised in e ith er p ro d u c t w ould be considered, b u t p reference w ill be g iven to th o se w ith know ledge of b o th . Salary £375 p e r an n u m . A p p lica tions, w hich m u s t be in w riting , s ta t in g d a te of b ir th , fu ll d e ta ils of q u a li­fications a n d experience (including a lis t in chronological o rd er of p o sts held), a n d q u o tin g R ef. N o. 421, sh ou ld be add ressed to th e M in istry of L ab o u r an d N a tio n a l Service, A p p o in tm en ts Office, L lo y d s B a n k C ham bers. H o bson S tre e t, C am bridge. 2012T ^ X P E R IM E N T A L P h y s ic is t req u ired , p refe rab ly w ith

experience in v acu u m a n d gas d ischarge w ork . E x ce l­le n t p o st-w ar p ro sp ec ts. S a la ry according to qualifications. W rite — B ox E .E .7 , 105, J u d d S t.. L on d o n . W .C .l. 1996 X p X P O R T M anager req u ired b y w ell-know n fixed electric

condenser m ak ers . M anageria l e x p o rt experience of e lectrical c o m p o n en t sales for eq u ip m en t purposes an d perso n a l connection w ith m erc h a n t ex p o rte rs essentia l. A ge 30 to 35. S a lary an d possib le in te re s t com m ensura te w ith capab ilities. F irs t-c la ss m an w an ted . S ta te in full

M experience.— B'ox 2007, c / o T h e E lec tr ica l R eview . A L E -R e co rd s an d O rder C lerk req u ired by m an u fa c ­

tu re rs of electric lig h t fittin g s in L o ndon . O ne w ith experience p referred , b u t n o t e s se n tia l ; p e rm a n e n t p o sition fo r su itab le m a n .— B ox 2006, c / o T h e E lec tr ica l R eview .

OV E R S E A S E m p lo y m e n t: A ss istan t E lec tr ic ian req u ired for M ine in W est A frica . Sa lary £25 p e r m o n th p lus

£15 per m o n th subsistence allow ance (p ay ab le w h ilst res i­d e n t in Colony), p lus £10 p e r m o n th w ar a llow ance. Good p ro sp ec ts an d leave on full s a la ry be tw een to u rs . F ree p assage an d fu rn ish ed q u a rte rs p ro v id ed . W ritte n a p p li­c a tio n s (no in terv iew s), giv ing th e following essen tia l d e ta i ls : (1) F u ll n a m e ; (2) D a te of b i r th ; (3) W h e th e r m arried o r sin g le ; (4) N a tio n a l Serv ice re g is tra tio n n u m b er a n d local office show n on reg is tra tio n c a rd N .S .2 ; (5)M edical g rade , if k n o w n ; (6 ) I f d isch arg ed from th e Forces, p a rticu la rs o f serv ice n u m b er, ran k , u n it a n d reasons for d isch a rg e; (7) In d u s tr ia l t ra in in g an d ex p erien ce ; (8 ) N am e an d address of p rese n t em ployers; (9) D e ta ils of p resen t w ork , sh ou ld be se n t to T h e S ec re ta ry , O verseas M an­p ow er C o m m ittee (R ef. 2086), M in istry o f L a b o u r and N a tio n a l S erv ice. Y o rk H ouse, K ingsw ay , L on d o n , W .C .2 . A pp lica tio n s will n o t b e acknow ledged. 2013

P R O G R E S S IV E com pany in th e L o n d o n area , in ten d in g to specialise in e lectrical m easu rin g in s tru m e n t m a n u ­

fac tu re as soon as th e p rese n t res tric tio n s on em p lo y m en t a re rem oved , in v ite app lica tio n s for th e p o s t of Senior D esign D ra u g h tsm a n . A p p lican ts m u s t h a v e w ide th e o ­retica l and p rac tica l experience in th e d ev e lo p m en t of e lectrical an d e lectronic a p p a ra tu s . E x ce llen t o p p o rtu n ity for rea lly first-class m an . W rite , giv ing de ta ils of ex p e ri­ence, sa la ry req u ired , e tc .— B ox 1785, c / o T h e E lectrica l R eview .

R E P R E S E N T A T IV E S req u ired , lead ing w holesale rad io ­electrical facto rs, L o n d o n an d coasta l d is tr ic ts , wage

an d com m . A pp ly— 65, F a rrin g d o n R o a d . E .C . 7062 Q A L E S an d C o n trac ts E ng ineer, a b o u t 2 5 /3 0 y ea rs of

age, w ith experience in h an d lin g E .H .T . an d L .T . sw itchgear w ork . F u lle s t d e ta ils .— B ox 2014, c / o T he E lec tr ica l R eview .O A L E S R e p re se n ta tiv e req u ired fo r L o n d o n a re a by ^ e lec trical w holesaler. K now ledge of e lectrical t ra d e n o t abso lu te ly necessary , b u t sales experience essentia l. P e rm a n e n t an d p rogressive position . R e m u n era tio n by sa la ry , com m ission an d expense allow ance.— B ox 1918, c / o T h e E lec tr ica l R eview .Q A L E S R e p re se n ta tiv e req u ired fo r L o n d o n a re a by ^ e lec trical w holesaler. E lec tr ica l sales experience essentia l, an d ow n c a r an a d v a n ta g e . P e rm a n e n t and progressive position , w ith ex cep tio n al p ost-w ar prospects. W rite , s ta t in g age, experience an d sa la ry req u ired .— Box 1919. c / o T h e E lectr ica l R eview .O E C R E T A R Y w an ted , m ale or fem ale, book-keeping ^ essentia l. C om m encing sa la ry £200. A pp ly , s ta tin g fu ll p a rticu la rs , to M anager, T ow yn, A berdovey & D is tr ic t E le c tr ic ity Co. L td ., C o rb e tt S q u are , Tow yn. M erioneth . P reference given to ex-service ap p lic a n t. 1989Q H I F T E lec tr ica l E n g in eer req u ired to ta k e charge on ^ sh if t of larg e ro ta ry co n v erto r su b s ta tio n in N o r th of E n g lan d . M ust h a v e p rev ious experience in o p e ra tio n of s im ila r p la n t, w hich includes E .H .T . sw itchgear. t r a n s ­fo rm ers an d h eav y c u rre n t D .C . a p p a ra tu s . S a lary £350- £400 p .a . , p lu s bonus depend ing on sa la ry . A pp lications, w hich m u s t be in w riting , s ta tin g d a te of b ir th , full de ta ils of qua lifica tions a n d experience (including a lis t in c h ro n o ­logical o rd er of po sts held), an d q u o tin g R eference N o. 148. sh o u ld be add ressed to th e M in istry of L a b o u r an d N a tio n a l Service, A p p o in tm en ts Office, 153, B a rra s B ridge, N ew ­castle-upon-T yne, 2. 1984r p U R B I N E A tte n d a n t fo r m o d ern p ass-o u t tu rb o -a lte r-

n a to r p lan t. E a s t L an cash ire d istr ic t. S h ift w o rk b u t no w eek-end w o rk .— B ox 2010. c / o T h e E lec tr ica l R eview .

SA L E S R e p re se n ta tiv e req u ired b y e lec trical w holesaler fo r C am bs. an d su rro u n d in g a re a S a lary an d lib eral

com m ission. E x perience , age an d com m encing sa la ry . Box 7093, c /o T he E lec tr ica l R ev iew .

W E L L -estab lish ed . p rogressive E le c tr ic a l W holesalers. L o n d o n a rea , req u ire efficient D e p a r tm e n ta l M anager,

fu lly c o n v ersan t w ith a ll e lec trical m a te ria l. P e n n a n e n t. W rite , s ta t in g know ledge, experience a n d age— B o x 37, c / o T he E lec tr ica l R eview .Y A T E L L -know n firm of in d u str ia l an d s tre e t lig h tin g flt-

tin g s m an u fa c tu re rs req u ire A g en ts for L ancash ire . C heshire, N o rth W ales, Y o rk sh ire (N o rth , W est an d E a s t R id ings) a n d L inco lnsh ire . A g en ts m u st be techn ically qualified an d h a v e es tab lish ed connections w ith e lectric ity su p p ly a u th o ritie s , large wTorks, w holesalers an d electrical c o n tra c to rs .— B ox 1905, c /o T h e E lec tr ica l R eview .

A P P O IN T M E N T S F IL L E DD issatisfac tio n h av in g been so o ften expressed t h a t u n ­successful a p p lic a n ts a re le f t in ignorance of th e fac t th a t th e p o sition ap p lied for h as been filled, m ay we suggest th a t A d v ertise rs n o tify us to t h a t effect w h en th e y have arriv ed a t a decision? W e will th e n in se rt a n o tice free of charge u n d er th is heading .

S IT U A T IO N S W A N T E DA B ritish C h arte red E lectr ica l E n g in eer desires position

as Sales o r C om m ercial M anager. W ide connection, m an y y ea rs ' experience, excellen t refe rences. S tr ic t con­fidence o b se rv ed .— B ox 7101, c / o T h e E le c tr ic a l R eview .

AD V E R T IS E R w ith good L o n d o n an d e x p o rt connec­tio n s w ishes to rep re se n t re liab le m an u fac tu re rs .

S a lary or com m ission basis. A p p ly — B ox 7041, c / o The E lectrica l R eview .A D V E R T I S E R (36), A .M .I .E .E ., B .S c ., A .C .G .I., 15

y e a rs ' ex ecu tiv e experience in a ll a sp ec ts of l ig h t/ m ed ium elec trical m an u fa c tu re , te s t a n d developm ent, seeks responsib le p o s t w ith p ro sp ec ts an d scope fo r in it ia ­tive . P re se n t s a la ry £900.— B o x 7046, c / o T he E lectrica l R eview .

AD V E R T IS E R (50) desires change. M any y e a rs ’ ad m in i­s tra tiv e exp. sales office o rg an isa tio n . M e thod ical and

efficient c o n tro lle r .— B o x 7089, c / o T h e E le c tr ic a l R eview . A D V E R T IS IN G a n d P u b lic ity . A p p o in tm e n t as Pub-

lic ity M anager d e s ire d ; 20 y e a rs ' g eneral engineering p u b lic ity ex p erien ce .— B ox 7038, c / o T h e E lec tr ica l R eview .

A .M .I .E .E ., M .S .E ., w ith w ide te c h n ic a l / com m ercial connection L o n d o n an d H o m e C oun ties an d m any

y e a rs ’ experience, desires to consider A gencies for m a n u ­fac tu re rs . R ep lies will be t re a te d in s tr ic t confidence.— Box 7102, c / o T h e E le c tr ic a l R ev iew .T ^ L E C T R IC A L an d M echanical E n g in e e r (30), B .Sc..

A .M .I .E .E ., w ith a w ide know ledge of m odern d ev e lo p m en t an d resea rch in th e u n d erm en tio n ed fields of engineering , w ill u n d e rta k e th e o rg an isa tio n o f a d e p a r t­m e n t fo r p o st-w ar d ev e lo p m en t in a p rogressive concern. R e c e n t experience : H ig h v o lta g e te s tin g w ith oscillo­grap h ic tech n iq u e , sh o rt c irc u it te s tin g an d sw itchgear dev e lo p m en t, refr ig e ra tio n , aero logy, e lectric w elding re ­search .— B ox 7099, c / o T h e E le c tr ic a l R ev iew . X ^ L E C T R IC A L R e p a irs E n g in eer, p rac tic a l an d tech-

n ical, aged 35, ex perienced m o to rs , g en e ra to rs and sw itchgear, req u ires p rogressive s itu a tio n .— B ox 7048, c /o T h e E lec tr ica l R eview .T ^ L E C T R IC IA N -W ire m an , w iring or m ain ten an ce , A.C.

an d D .C ., 20 y r s .’ experience, age 41.— B ox 7068, c / o T h e E lec tr ica l R ev iew .

E N G IN E E R (32), G ra d .I .E .E . , experience of e lectronics, desires p o s t as R ep re se n ta tiv e . S peaks F re n ch and

R u ss ian .— B ox 7091. c / o T h e E lec tr ica l R ev iew . -

E N G IN E E R IN G E x e c u tiv e (30), G rad . I .E .E . , I n t . A .M .I .P .E ., w ith D .O ., design , t e s t an d e s tim a tin g

experience, desires tech n ica l execu tive positio n as Chief or A ss istan t Chief E n g in eer w ith progressive electrical com pany . S a lary £550-£650.— B ox 7026, c / o T h e E lec ­tr ic a l R ev iew ."C H R S T -class p rac tic a l m echan ic , w ith tech n ical and

business ab ility , is desirous of c o n ta c tin g m an u fac ­tu re rs o r co n tra c to rs in v iew to a c tin g as th e ir - A rea In s ta lla tio n o r S erv ice R ep re se n ta tiv e , p refe rab ly speciality e q u ip m en t. S o u th W ales o r W est of E n g la n d p refe rred : sim ilar po sitio n held befo re h ostilities. A ged 32, a d v e r­tise r has acq u ired v a lu ab le experience w ith th e varied ty p e s of e lectrical in s ta lla tio n s d u rin g th e p a s t five years, engaged up o n im p o r ta n t sp ec ia lity w ork , w ireless te le ­g rap h an d R a d a r , e tc ., also g a ined w ide experience of m odern in te rio r an d ex te rio r l ig h tin g eq u ip m en t, dom estic app liances an d pow er d istr ib u tio n . E x c e lle n t c reden tia ls. — B ox 7064, c / o T h e E le c tr ic a l R ev iew .T ^ O R E M A N E lec tr ic ian (17 years), experience all b ran ch es

c o n tra c tin g a n d m ain ten an ce , e s tim a tin g , requ ires sim ilar p o sition .— B ox 7067, c / o T h e E lec tr ica l R eview

May 25, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 73

HE A D s to re k eep er seek® situ a tio n , used to contro lling large q u a n titie s of electrical an d m echanical com-

^ T h e - Éfectr?caa Î E e l i ™ . flni8hed ^ b l i e s . - B o x 7040.

RE S P O N S IB L E positio n req u ired by E ng ineer, offering excellen t .p ro sp ec ts . P ra c tica l experience com m er­

cial. sales, office ad m in is tra tio n , e tc ., o r w ould consider directorship w ith m o d era te in v es tm e n t; ow n car- L ondonanf rTPn R P u e(1r 7 w OX« 707-7-,-c/ ° The- E lectrica l Review . O U B B E R C able S p ecialist requ ires post-w ar arrange- -LV m en t; e x p e rt m o d ern p ro d u ctio n contro l, design, labour tra in in g /c o n tro l.— Box 7036. c /o T h e E lectrical Review.O E N IO R E le c tr ica l D ra u g h tsm a n an d E ngineer (35). O qualified, experienced an d w ith good refs., seeks p e r­manent position of t ru s t , in d u str ia l or public w orks in s ta lla ­tion design, e tc .. o r m ain ten an ce of p lan t. Good experience in field, office m an ag em en t, correspondence, etc. R elease promised.— B ox 7073, c / o T h e E lectrica l R eview . m E C H N IC A L Sales E ng ineer (31). desires change. F our -L years’ ap p ren ticesh ip w ith larg est e lectrical engineer­ing com pany in c o u n try , fou r y e a rs ’ es tim a tin g and con­tract work, five y e a rs ’ sales. Good connections L ondon and M idland areas. A d m in is tra tiv e p o sition required . State salary an d p osition in fu ll.— B ox 7047. c /o The Electrical R eview .m E C H N IC A L Sales E n g in eer (39). A ssociate I .E .E . , over -L 15 y ea rs’ e s tab lished connection electric ity u n d e r­

takings, electrical t ra d e an d large in d u str ia l concerns over wide area M idlands— N o rth am p to n to Sheffield, B irm ing­ham, etc. ; ligh ting , h ea tin g , cables, sw itchgear an d general L.T. d istribu tion specia list, desires sim ilar position where initiative, resourcefulness an d responsib ility a re dem anded . Write— B M /K A Y 11. L on d o n . W .C .1 . 7074

WIR E -D raw er an d T in n e r iN on-F erious) F orem an . 25 years' experience, desires change. C apable of laying

out wire mill on m o st m odern lines from rod to fine sizes.% familiar w ith la te s t ty p es of h igh speed spooling m achines, expert in use an d m ain ten an ce of d iam ond an d centred carbide dies, experienced in o p e ra tio n of muffle, electric, convection and o th er ty p es of non-ferrous annealing fu r­naces, specialist in th e t in n in g of a ll gauges of w ire : have had experience of electric p la tin g of w ires.— Box 7070. c /c The Electrical R eview .V lTO RK S M anager desires p o s itio n ; experience covers »» fra c tio n a l to tu rb o -a lte rn a to rs , sw itchgear, in s tru ­

ments. P roved record , m o n th ly o u tp u ts , p re-w ar. up to £80.000 w ith annual d iv idends of 25%. E lectric-m echanical design, p a tte rn m aking , sand an d die castings, too l design, tool making, fab rica tion , p lann ing , processing, progress, rate-fixing, buying, w orks costings, m odern m ethods, crash programmes to 6tea d y econom ical p rodu ctio n . Salary £1,200 and an annual in te re s t.— B ox 7031. c / o T he E lec­trical Review.

FOR S A L ETraders buying and selling hereunder m u s t observe the Restriction of R esale Order, S. R . & O 1942 No. 958.

R E B U I L T M O TO R S A N D G E N E R A T O R S

I ONG deliveries can o ften be avoided by purchasing -Li rebuilt secondhand p lan t. W e can redesign or rep lace surplus p lan t of an y size.

S E N D U S Y O U R E N Q U IR IE S .

OVER 1.000 R A T IN G S A C TU A LLY IN STOCK H E R E .

D Y N A M O & M OTOR R E P A I R S L T D . . Wembley P a r k , Middlesex.

T elephone ; W em bley 3121 (4 lines).

Also at Phoenix Wo rk s, Belgrave Terrace , Soho Road, Handsw orth , B i rm in gham.Telephone : N o rth ern 0898. ^

R O T A R Y C O N V E R T O R S

for fluorescent ligh ting

M A D E T O R E Q U I R E M E N T S

b yT H E E L E C T R O P L A N T CO.

(E s t. 1912).W E M B L E Y . M D X . P H O N E : W EM . 3691.

FOR SALE

ON E Beiliss M orcom V ” Valve S team E ngine, 370 b .h .p ., d irec t coupled to Siem ens A.C. G enerato r,

313 kVA, 3 .0 0 0 /3 ,3 0 0 volts, 3-phase, 50 cycles, 375 r.p .m .. w ith E x cite r an d contro l gear.

One Beiliss M orcom Steam E ngine, 24 b .h .p ., d irec t coupled to Siemens D.C. G enerato r, 1 00 /120 vo lts , 17.6 kW , 176 am ps.

One Siem ens P ane l, com prising B u sb ar C ham ber w ith th ree B re a k e rs :

No. 1 B reak er— 3,500 vo lts , 76 am ps.No. 2 .. — 3,500 ,. 150 ,.No. 3 .. — 4,000 .. 200 ..

One G .E .C . M otor, 160 h .p ., squ irrel cage. 3,300 volts.50 cycles, 3-phase, 1.470 r .p .m ., d irec t coupled to Sulzer Pum p, ty p e “ H ,” five-stage. 500 gallons p e r m inu teag a in st a 600 foot head , m oun ted on B asep late and com ­plete w ith Sw itchgear.

One Oerlekon M otor, 250 h .p .. squirrel cage, 3,300 volts. 50 cycles, 3-phase, 1.450 r .p .m ., d irec t coupled to Sulzer P u m p , ty p e 4A. six-stage, 750 gallons per m in u te against a 600 foot head, m oun ted on B asep late and com plete w ith C ontro l Gear. C om plete se t of Spares for Pum p.

One English E lectric M otor. 160 h .p ., squirrel cage. 3,300 volts. 50 cycles, 3-phase, 1,470 r.p .m .

One C rom pton M otor, 40 h .p ., slip ring, 3,300 volts. 50 cycles, 3-phase, 720 r .p .m .

O ne A .E .G . M otor, 30 h .p ., slip ring , 3.300 vo lts , 50 cycles, 3-phase, 720 r .p .m .

One 5-h .p ., 500-volt, 50-cycles, 3-phase, squ irrel cage M et-Vick M otor, d irec t coupled to D av id Brow n Gear, size 5", 9 6 0 /6 6 r .p .m ., d riv ing W inch com plete w ith 350 y a rd s W ire Rope.

One M etro-V ick T ransform er, 3.300 vo lts , single-phase, 50 cycles, 7 am ps., to 125 volts , 160 am ps.

O ne Siem ens T ransfo rm er, 3 ,3 0 0 /5 1 2 vo lts . 67 kVA. 77.4 am ps.

Can all be inspected on site.

R O U C H & P E N N Y ,8 , OLD K IN G S T R E E T , B R IS T O L . 1.

T .N ’s. 2 1 6 8 4 /5 . 1998

W A T E R T U B E B O I L E R S IN S T O O K

Tw o 25.000 lbs. evap o ra tio n , 175 lbs. W .P .T hree 20,000 lbs. .. 175 lbs. ..O ne 12,000 lbs. .. 200 lbs. ..O ne 12.000 lbs. .. 160 lbs ..One 9 /10 .000 lbs. .. 200 lbs. ..

W e in sta ll com plete, including brickw ork . Econom isers. P um ps. P ip in g V alves, G enera ting S ets an d M otors in s tock . P lease send us y o u r enqu iries; we can give

im m ed ia te d elivery .

B U R F O R D , T A Y L O R & CO. L T D . ,Boiler Specialists. M iddlesbrough.T e le p h o n e : M iddlesbrough 2622.

32

E L E C T R I C M O TO R S A N D D Y N A M O S

\7 S 7 E hold one of th e larg est stocks of New an d Second »V h and M otors. S econdhand m achines are tho rough ly

overhau led . In sp ec tio n an d te s ts can be m ad e a t our W orks.

F o r Sale o r H ire. Send yo u r enqu iries t o : —

B R IT A N N IA M A N U FA C T U R IN G CO. L T D .. 22-26. B R IT A N N IA W A L K .C IT Y R O A D . LO N D O N . N .I .

T elephone : 5512-3 C lerkenw ell._________________________ JL3

T WO Brook, 400-volts. 3-phase, 50-cycles, Slip Ring* to ta lly enclosed C rane M otors. 750 r .p .m . : one Z 124

h .p .. one Z 2 h .p . Condition as new.O N E Nevelin M ercury Arc R ectifier, in p u t 400 volts.

3-phase, 50 cycles, o u tp u t 400 volts D .C .. 16 kWO N E C rom pton A ltern a to r, 400 /4 4 0 volts. 3-phase. 50

cycles an d n eu tra l. 80 kW . 750 r .p .m .. revolving field ty p e , th ree bearings on com m on base p late w ith a u to ­m atic voltage regu lato r.

2001O L D F I E L D E N G I N E E R I N G C O M P A N Y L T D . ,

96. E ast O rdsall L ane. Salford. 5. Bla. 3842.35

74 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w M ay 25, 1945

G E O R G E C O H E N , S O N S & CO. L T D . ,

for

G U A R A N T E E D E L E C T R IC A L

P L A N T .

M O T O R S , G E N E R A T O R S ,

S W IT C H G E A R .

etc .

W OO D L A N E . LO N D O N . W .12. T e le p h o n e : S h ep h erd s B ush 2070

an dS T A N N IN G L E Y . N E A R L E E D S .

T e le p h o n e : P u d sey 2241. E stab lish e d 1834.

27

H I G H T O R Q U E S Q U I R R E L C A G E M O TO R S

32 h .p .. 575 rev s ., L .D .M . M axto rq .30 h .p ., 575 rev s ., L .D .M . M axto rq .15 h .p .. 1,475 rev s ., E .E .. c losvent, H ig h T orque.1 2 i h .p ., 960 rev s .. V erity H ig h T orque.2 h .p ., 1,500 rev s ., BTook, fan cooled H ig h T orque.

All for 3 /5 0 /4 0 0 vo lts .T H O M A S M I T C H E L L & S O N S L I M I T E D , B O L T O N .

1942

A n u m b er of self-cont. P e tro l L ig h tin g Sets, 3 kW , A.C. o r D .C ., an y vo ltag e , sem i-portab le , like new , from

s to c k .— T h e E le c tro p la n t Co., W em bley . 2002

A .C. an d D .C . H o u se Serv ice M eters, a ll sizes, q u a rte rly an d p rep a y m e n t, recond itioned , g u a ran teed one year.

R e p a irs an d reca lib ra tio n s .— T h e V ic ta E lectrica l Co., 47. B a tte rsea H ig h S tre e t, S .W .11. Tel. B a tte rsea 0780. 19

A .C. an d D .C . M otors, all sizes, large stocks, fully g u a ra n te ed .— M ilo E ng ineering W orks, M ilo R o ad .

E a s t D ulw ich. S .E .2 2 (F o rest H ill 4422). 6781

A .C. an d D .C . W eld ing S e ts, 200 a m p s., p e tro l driven , d ire c t coupled , from s to c k .— T h e E le c tro p la n t Co.,

W em bley , M iddx. 2003

A .C. M otors, l / 5 0 t h h .p . to 10 h .p ., from sto ck . AlsoD .C .— T h e Jo h n so n E ng ineering Co., 86, G re a t P o r t ­

lan d S tree t, L o ndon , W .l . Tel. : M useum 6373. 57

A l t e r n a t o r . 500 kV A , 3-p., 50 c ., 4 0 0 /4 4 0 v .. 750revs., d irec t coupled exc ite r, 2 b rg s., on bedp la te .

— S te w a rt T hom son & Sons, F o r t R o a d . Seafo rth , L iv e r­pool, 21. 58

A U T O -synchronous M otor by C rom pton P a rk in so n , 40 h .p ., 750 rev s ., 3 /5 0 /4 0 0 vo lts , d rip p roof ty p e ,

w ith s ta r te r b y E .A .C .— T h o m as M itchell & Sons L im ited , B o lton . 1941

B E L T G rinders o r Sanders, 4" w ide b e lt. £5 5 s . ; 6" wide b e lt. £10 10s.— J o h n E . R . S teel, C lyde M ills. B ingley.

P h o n e 1066. ' 52/C H L O R ID E K e ep a lite E q u ip m e n t, ty p e 2 A JX , in p u t ^ 210 v o lts , 50 cycles, o u tp u t 25 v o lts , 15 a m p s., com ­plete w ith 14 A .S .G .3 cells. E x ce llen t con d itio n .— R o u ch & P en n y , 8, O ld K in g S tre e t, B risto l. 1. 1997"C ^X H A U S T F an s, new , 14", 1-phase, 2 0 0 /2 5 0 v ., 1,900

cu. f t . /m in . , £11 15s.— S o u th e rn Ig n itio n Co. L td ., 190. T h o rn to n R o a d . C roydon. 75

F O R sale , new B rass R ods, screw ing q u a lity . B rass T ubes, p u re Z inc R ods, P.B '. S trip , E lectr ic C able.—

, A lbion M etal Co., C hurch W alk , A lbion R d ., N .16 . 7065

F O U R id en tica l 150-kW " W eir S u lzer/E .C .C .* ’D iesel-driven G en era tin g Sets, 220 v o lt D .C .— S te w a rt

T hom son & Sons, F o r t R d ., Seafo rth . L ’pool, 21. 74

G .E .C . 30-kW D y n am o , 460 v . D .C ., o r 2 3 0 /4 6 0 v. A .C., 400 r .p .m ., sp len d id c o n d .; also 5-kW S team Set.

100 v .— K im m ins, L y n d h u rs t R o a d , W orth in g . 7063

HE A V Y d u ty Arc W eld ing P la n ts , 200 am ps. P rice £31 10s. com plete . Also S p o t W elders, £36 15s.—

J o h n E . R . S teel. C lyde Mills, B ingley . P h o n e 1066. 50T N good cond ition , T w in Crossley, ty p e N o. SE226. d irec t

coupled to 100-volt, 125-kW D y n am o by B rush Co.. 190 r .p .m .— U nw in B ro th ers L td ., W oking , S urrey . 1985

I N SU -G lass covered P la in o r E n am elled In s tru m e n t W ires, N o. 18 s.w .g .. N o . 40 s.w .g ., s to ck de liveries.—

S axon ia, R o a n W orks, G reenw ich. S .E .10 . 29

K E E P A L IT E E q u ip m e n t w ith 26 C h lo ride A ccu m u la ­to rs , p rac tica lly new con d itio n . C an b e seen in

o p e ra tio n .— E . Pow ell L td ., 39, H ig h S tre e t, T u n b rid g e W ells. 7030

L E S L IE D ixon & Co. fo r D y n am o s, M otors, Sw itchgear, C hargers an d T elephones.— 214, Q ueenstow n R o ad .

B a tte rsea , S .W .8 . T elephone, M A C aulay 2159. N ea rest R ly . S ta . : Q ueen’s R o a d . B a tte rse a (S .R .) . 18" ll/rO N O M A R K . P e rm a n e n t L o n d o n ad d ress . L e tte r s re- -LVX d irec ted . 5s. p .a . W rite— B 'M '/M 0 N 0 5 3 , W .C .l . 68 lY/rO T O R G en era to r Sets a n d C onverto rs, a ll sizes and lT -L v o ltag es from £ k W u p to 500 k W in s to c k .— B rita n n ia M an u fac tu rin g Co. L td ., 2 2 /2 6 , B r ita n n ia W alk . C ity R o a d . L on d o n , N .I . T elephone, C lerkenw ell 5512. 5513 & 5514. 28I V f O T O R IS E D i " B en ch D rilling M achine, 13 • speeds. -LtJ- £12 2s. 6d .— J o h n E . R . S teel, C lyde M ills, B ingley . P h o n e 1066. 51I ^ A M E P L A T E S , E n g ra v in g , D iesink ing , S tencils, S teel

P u n c h e s .— Stilw ell & Sons L td ., 152, F a r Gosford S tre e t, C ov en try . 14“V T E W 10-h.p. M otor, 4 0 0 /3 /5 0 , 720 r .p .m ., i -h .p . re-

v ersing sw itch , rem o te co n tro l, 230 v o lts .— Lewis, S o u th g a te , S leaford . 7096

ON E B .T .H . ind o o r ty p e oil-cooled T ran sfo rm er, 6.600 v o lts , 3-phase, 50 cycles incom ing, 2 ,200 v o lts , 3-

p hase, 50 cycles o u tgo ing , 600-kVA c a p a c ity ; voltage tap p in g s p lus an d m in u s 5% on th e incom ing 6ide. Two com pound in te rp o le 230-volts D .C . G en era to rs , su ita b le for d ire c t coupling , one b y L .D .M ., 8 0 /9 5 kW , 1 .0 0 0 /1 .5 0 0 r .p .m ., size D U O ; one by B .T .H ., 60 k W , 1,200 r .p .m ., size BS11W . O ne H iggs S q u irre l Cage, 400 v o lts , 3-phase, 50 cycles, four-speed, 3 h .p ., co n tin u o u s on each speed, m o to r w ith c o n tro lle r .— O ldfield E ng ineering Co. L td ., 96, E a s t O rdsall L an e , S alford . 5, L an cs . B la . 3842. 1915

PH O N E 98 S ta ines. 400-kW B eiliss S team C ondensing S e t; 34-kW B ro w e tt S team G en era tin g S et, 220 vo.

D .C ., 75-h .p . N a tio n a l D iesel E n g in e ; W eir F e e d P u m p , 9" x 7" X 2 1 " ; 9-kW C rude Oil G en e ra tin g S et, 110 vo. D .C .; 250-kW B ro w e tt S te am G en era to r, 220 vo . D .C .— H a rry H . G ard am & Co. L td ., S ta ines. 60

PO R T A B L E E n g in e -d riv en W elding Sets, o u tp u t 7 5 / 350 a m p s., b ra n d new . G o v ern m en t licence to p u r ­

chase. d e livery s to c k .— G la d ia to r W eld er S ets L td .. 18. L e icester R o a d . Sale, M anchester. 69

R O T A R Y C o n v erte rs in s to ck , a ll s izes; enquiries in v ite d .— U n iv ersa l E le c tr ica l, 2 2 1 , C ity R o ad .

L ondon . E .C .l . 16

SE L F -P rim in g E lec tr ic P u m p s , 300 g .p .h ., £12 .— Jo h nE . R . S teel, C lyde M ills, B ingley . P h o n e 1066. 53

O E V E R A L T elescopic Tow er L a d d e rs read y for essentia l ^ w ork . E x ten sio n s . T restles an d S tep s to o rd er.— S h afte sb u ry L a d d e rs L td ., 453. K a th e rin e R o a d . E .7 . G rangew ood 3363. 15

ST A F F T im e C hecking an d J o b C osting T im e R ecorders (all m akes) for qu ick cash sale. E x cep tio n a l con­

d itio n . W rite — B ox 528, S m ith s , 100. F le e t S tree t. L ondon , E .C .4 . 31Q T O C K 1-ton an d 10-cw t., A.C. T rav ellin g E lec tr ic P u l- k-5 ley B locks, in d u s tr ia l ty p es . O th e r m odels quick d e liv e ry .— A sea E le c tr ic L td ., F u lb o u rn e R o a d , W a l­th am sto w , E .17 . 1935Q W IT C H B O A R D S su ita b le for d y n am o s an d a lte rn a to rs , ^ a ll sizes from 100 am p. u p to 1,500 a m p .— B rita n n ia M an u fac tu rin g Co. L td .. 2 2 /2 6 , B ri ta n n ia W alk , L ondon. N .I . 25r p i M E Sw itches. A few p re-w ar m odels av a ilab le for -1- q u ick sale, v a rio u s ty p es , su ita b le for signs, w indow

lig h tin g , e tc . D e ta ils a n d p rices from — C. & G. I . L td .. 1. Sou thw ood R o a d , L o n d o n , S .E .9 . 7100fTV R A N SFO R M E R L ead -in W ire , 7 /3 8 an d 1 4 /3 8 s.w .g .,

In su -G lass finished, v a rio u s colours, s to c k .— S axonia. G reenw ich, S .E .1 0 . 34T W O M ath e r & P la t t , 70 -h .p ., 485-revs., th ree-b earin g

ty p e , p ip e-v e n tila te d S.C. A.C. M otors. 3 /5 0 /4 0 0 v o lts .— T h o m as M itchell & Sons L im ite d , B o lto n . 1943 I E x id e B a tte ry . 3 FM F -11-1D , 24 vo lts . 185 a .h . Can

be in sp ec ted .— E . P o lla rd & Co.. G ladesm ore W harf. G ladesm ore R o a d . S. T o tte n h a m , N .15 . 19990 2 0 0 -kW H e w ittic M ercury A rc R ectifie rs, in first-class " cond ition , o u tp u t 4 6 0 /4 9 0 v o lts . 2 -w ire; each com ­p le te w ith ow n t ra n s fo rm e r; in p u t 6,300 v o lts . 3-phase. 50 cycles. £900 o r n e a re s t. A p p ly — “ G lospow er,” Ref.C .E ., 126, L o n d o n R o a d , G loucester. 1992

1 ,-kW T u rb o -G en era tin g S et. 110 v o lt D .C ., £40 .— S te w a rt T hom son & Sons. F o r t R o a d . S eaforth .

L iverpool, 21. 557 1 -kW S team -d riv en G en era tin g S et, A shw orth P a rk e r1 2 v ertica l engine coup led to L .D .M . co m p o u n d w ound

230-volt g en era to r, £120.— S te w a rt T hom son & Sons F o r t R o ad . Seafo rth , L iverpoo l. 21. ’ 54

May 25, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 7 5

4 0 p i h i « eel sl'P rm 8 M otor byo n irP o fil'* 5 n Y i - 3 -phase. 50 cycles, 400 volts.

pipje h i V . ’T® w lth b al1 bearings. w ith brush lifting jad sh o rt c ircu itin g gear.— T hom as M itchell & Sons Limited. B o lto n . ig4g7 X-cycle F req u en cy C hanger. M etro-V ick A.C. generator.I O m o to r d riv en , in p u t 4 0 0 /3 /5 0 . o u tp u t 73 kVA. 400 / 3 / 75. vee rope d rive . — J . O. G ra n t & Co. L td Timber M erchants. S alford , 6.•70 H and-w ound T im e Sw itches. 1.5 am p. capac ity , IO V enner. R easo n an d Gunfire. Offers to — E lectric ity Works, St. A nnes. L y th a m S ain t A nnes. 2009Q /V kW . 220-v . t 35u-revs. S .I ., tw o ped. brgs., on bed-

p la te .— G reenhalgh B ros., B u rto n 's F ield Mill. Atherton, nr. M anchester. 1865i A / V h . p . 4 0 0 /3 /5 0 , S .R ., 730-revs., L ouvre V ent., i v / V / B .T .H . (ball bearings), w ith Ellison O .l. g ea r.— Greenhalgh B ros,, B u rto n s Field Mill. A th e rto n . M '/cr. 1889

5 ° 0 'v ° l ts . 700-revs. S .I ., tw o ped. brgs., on l O v / b ed p la te .— G reenhalgh B ros., B u r to n 's Field Mill, Atherton, n r. M anchester. 1864Q r rk-kV A A lte rn a to r. 400 v o lts . 3-phase. 50 cycles. 750 * « - lv / revs., w ith d irect-coup led ex c ite r; also tw o 250- kW R otary C onverters, w ith tran sfo rm ers an d sw itchgear. input 6.600 vo lts . 3 -phase, 50 cycles, o u tp u t 4 2 0 /2 1 0 voltsD.C.— M idland C ounties E lec tr ica l E ng ineering Co. L td .. Grice S treet. Spon L an e . W est B rom w ich. 364 A f Y k W R o ta ry C onverto r. M etro p o litan V ickers. 240- tfc U v / v o lt D .C. o u tp u t, w ith 3 -phase tran sfo rm er, complete w ith po n y m o to r, booster an d ex c ite r.— B rita n n ia Manufacturing Co. L td ., 2 2 /2 6 , B rita n n ia W alk , L ondon, N.I. 1856

E lectric M otors. D ynam os. T ransfo rm ers, Con­ti v / v / verters. e tc ., e tc .. a t low prices.— S. C. Bilsby,A.M.I.C.E.. A .M .I .E .E .. Crosswells R o ad , L ang ley , near Birmingham. P hone . B roadw ell 1359. 21

I A A f Y k W T u rb o -A lte rn a to r S et. m ad e by M etro- politan-V ickers in 1920. 3-phase, 50 period.

400 volts. S team p ressu re 200 lb s., je t condenser. Apply —Patons & B aldw ins L td .. H alifax . Y orkshire . 2000

A R T IC LES W A N T E DACCUM ULATOR P la te s (old) an d lead P e ro x id e ; as

-lA. actual sm elters w e p ay to p price . Also old s torage batteries, transfo rm ers an d w hole in sta lla tio n s pu rchased . —Elton. Levy & Co. L td .. 18, S t. T hom as S tree t. S .E .l . Hop 2825-6. 39A O IL W inding M achines w an ted for essentia l w ork .— ' J Box 63, c /o T he E lec tr ica l R eview .'C 'N A M ELLED C opper W ire w an ted . P lease s ta te quan-

tity . m ake, gauge and p rice .— B ox 61. c / o The Electrical Review.T 7N G IN E E R IN G Technical B ooks (new o r secondhand) -I-J wanted in any q u a n tity . A ttra c tiv e cash offers. Call -T h ird floor. 356. O xford S tree t. W .l . o r “ S to n e le ig h .’’ St. George’s A venue. W eybridge. 62T ANCASHTRE Boiler. 30 ' x 8 ' . 8 ' 6" or 9 ' X 180 w .p .—

Box E.1448, W . H . S m ith & Son L td .. M a n c h e s t e r ^

T IGH TIN G Set. a b o u t 110 v ., 3,000 w a tts , p referab ly L * diesel, rea so n a b le — The B irches. O ckley. S urrey . 7095 1 \T E R C U R Y (Quicksilver) w an ted . W rite for pack ing

instructions. Gold, S ilver an d P la tin u m also p u r ­chased.—Collingridge & Co. L td ., R iverside W orks. R iv e r ­side Road, W atfo rd (Tel. 5963). 20

ONE 4-wire, 400-volts, 3-phase. 50-cycles A ltern a to r, with d irec t coupled exc ite r. 3-bearing m achine. 200

kVA. speed 500-600-750. if possible com plete w ith con tro l switchboard.— Box 67. c / o T h e E lectrica l R eview .

TWO 500-kW R o ta ry C onverters, in p u t 11.000 o r 6.600 volts. 3-phase. 50 cycles, o u tp u t 2 4 0 /2 5 0 v o lts D.C.

Full p articu lars to— B ox 1920, c / o T h e E lectrica l R eview . Y U AN TED . R o ta ry C onverters, an y size.— U niversal.

221, C ity R o ad , L on d o n , E .C .l. 22

W O RK W A N T E D AN D O F F E R E DA U T yo u r inspection an d assem bly costs a n d ob tain ' J guaranteed tim es of deliveries by sending y o u r orders for Small Precision P a r ts (A u to W ork) to — W alte r D enis Contacts L td .. W alden W orks. S t. A nm g-on-Sea T el. 1517. (On A .I.D . P a r t I , A d m ira lty & M .O .S. L is ts .) 1880 r i L Brow n E n g . D esigner. D esign, dev e lo p m en t and O r construc tion of E lectro -m echan ical A p p ara tu s and Small M echantem s. — 6. G lenby A venue. G rea t Crosby.

T i T P i r R 2! - C o c k s E lectr ic Clocks. Clockwork Con- R . ii . . r ifh lic ligh ting , con tro l and tim e sw itches. -LV trailers for public | k jnd of clockwork a p pi,anceexposure m ete rs an d ei - j iries w elcom ed.— J . W . & repaired an d o verhau led . ineera). 58 , V ictoria S tree tLom ion^'sLW T P h o n e , V ictoria 0134.

TV /TA CH IN IN G W ork, for C entre L athee u p to 6 J in.centres and m edium -sized m illing (good g rade w ork

preferred ).— T he L ondon E lectric F irm . Croydon. U p ­lands 4871. 56T > O S T -w ar developm ent. C apac ity for a ll ty p es of R ad io

a n d E lectrical W inding, including solenoids, chokes, sm all pow er transfo rm ers, e tc . ; co n trac to rs to large e lec tri­cal u n d e rtak in g s .— B ox 7033, c /o The E lectrica l Review . Q M A L L A rm atu res, e tc ., w inding or re-w inding, in ^ q u a n tity . H igh-class w ork, p ro m p t d elivery .— S ou thern Ig n itio n Co. L td ., 190, T h o rn to n R o ad . C roy­don. 59^ T R A N S F O R M E R S , single an d th ree-phase. All ty p es

u p to 10 kV A .— W oden T ransfo rm er Co. (Phone, B ilston 41959), M oxley R oad , B ilston, Staffs. 11

A G E N C IE SA G E N C IE S required . S outh of E ng land , including th e

London a re a : (a) C ables; (b) Sm all S w itchgear; (c) T ransfo rm ers; or any lines su itab le for d is tr ib u tio n for w holesalers’ business.— Box 40, c /o T he E lectrical Review .

A G E N C IE S requ ired for L ondon. South of E ng land , for th e fo llow ing: (1) D om estic electrical ap p liances;

(2) B rass electrical accessories, sw itch plugs, e tc . ; (3) Con­d u it. A dvertisers h av e clientele w ith every w holesaler in th e te r r ito ry m entioned . Im m ed ia te tu rn o v er can be g u aran teed . E ith e r comm ission or buying basis. P o s t­w ar a rrangem ents considered. — Box 64. c /o T he E lec­trica l Review.

AN In d ian business m an connected w ith sm all e lectrical and lig h t engineering concerns in In d ia desires to

co n ta c t firms in U n ited K ingdom w ith a view to o b tain ing th e ir rep resen ta tio n or associating w ith th em for e s tab ­lishing industries in In d ia . C om m unicate in first in stance w ith — Box 7088. c /o T he E lectrica l Review .T ^ N Q U IR IE S inv ited from m an u fac tu re rs ’ agen ts in ■*-* Scotland h av ing extensive connection in th e w hole­sale electrical tra d e to co n tac t old-estab lished firm m an u ­fac tu rin g Sm all E lectrica l Accessories.— B ox 2005, c / o The E lectrica l Review .T ^ X P O R T to In d ia : An e x p o rt house w ith w ell-estab- J L i lished connections in th e In d ia n m ark e t desires to hear from m an u fac tu re rs of E lectrica l Accessories. H o u se­hold A ppliances, R efrig era to rs , e tc .. w ho seek to expand th e ir e x p o rt business. W rite , giving full de ta ils , to th e— E m p ire E x p o rt & Im p o rt C om pany. 2, B road S tre e t P lace. L ondon. E .C .2.__ 70

MA N U F A C T U R E R S ’ A gents, covering th e w hole of G rea t B rita in and Colonies, a re desirous of co n ta c t­

ing m an u fac tu re rs w ith a view to sole selling r ig h ts (either com m ission o r buying)? post-w ar a rran g em en ts considered. — Box 23. c / o T h e E lectrical R eview .1 \ / f A N U F A C T U R E R S of E lectro-M agnetic R elay s req u ire1V .L an a g en t for each of th e following a re a s : H om e Counties. S o u th C oast. W est of E ng lan d . S ou th W ales. N o rth ern Ire lan d , E ire . M ust be techn ically qualified and hav e connections in th e in d u str ia l and supp ly com panies field. Give full de ta ils , s ta tin g te rr ito ry covered and agencies h e ld .— B ox 1967, c / o T h e E lectrica l R eview .

B U S IN E S S O P P O R T U N IT IE SPR O P R IE T O R S of new E lec tr ica l U n iv ersa l D om estic

A pp liance needed in every household w ish to n eg o tia te w ith concerns w ho a re e ither in te res ted in m ass p ro d u ctio n (ligh t m eta l engineering w orks of larg e cap .) or sole sales rep resen ta tio n (only larg e o rgan isa tio n dealing on Sim. lines). A dvertise rs can p ro v id e e ith er facilities them selves, b u t w ish to sp lit ac tiv itie s to cope w ith th e expected dem an d . F u ll d e ta ils in confidence to — B o x 2004. c /o T h e E lectrica l R eview . „ ./T A U A L IF IE D E n g in eer trav e llin g to U .S .A .. C anada t o t an d S ou th A m erica, w ould u n d e rta k e in te res tin g com m issions, experienced n eg o tia to r , tech n ica l w rite r .— B ox 7066. c / o T h e E lectrica l R eview .

B U S IN E S S E S FO R S A L E AND W A N T E D

A D V E R T IS E R wishes to p u rch ase E lectrica l C ontract-/ » . . . . to __x ______ TT..------. „ »-, 4-; na T ih o ra-A . ing business in E a s te rn or H om e Counties. L ibera l D r i c e given for going concern capab le of p ost-w ar deve lop­m en t. P a r tn e rsh ip considered. R eplies tre a te d in s tr ic te s t confidence.— B ox 7094. c / o T he E lectrica l R eview .

M IS C E L L A N E O U SPH O T O G R A P H Y . A p h o to g rap h says m o re th a n a

th o u san d w ords. R ea listic p h o to g rap h s f°r cata logues, brochures and general rep ro d u ctio n purposes. All branches of p ho tograph ic w ork u n d e rtak en . R ecords m ad e of p resen t w ork, prem ises, e tc .— Miles & K ay e L td ., In d u str ia l graphers. 100. S o u th am p to n Row L ondon W .C .l. Tele­phone. H O L b o m 6858. E stab lish ed over 50 years. 1994

76 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M a y 2 5 , 1945

E D U C A T IO N A L N O T IC E S C O M P A N Y M E E T IN GL A T E S T A . M . I . E . E . R E S U L T S

T N th e rec e n t E x a m in a tio n s he ld by th e In s t i tu t io n of E lec tr ica l E ng in eers 477 C an d id a te s s a t w ho had

tak e n B .I .E .T . courses. Of th ese 457 w ere successful in passing th e exam in a tio n s . W e believe th is reco rd of 457 successes o u t of 477 e n tra n ts h as n ev er before been ap p ro ach ed by an y o ral o r co rrespondence tu to r ia l o rg an isa tio n , an d in d ica te s th e v e ry h igh efficiency of th e m o d ern sy stem of T echnical T ra in in g w hich we have laid dow n.

T h e B .I .E .T . tu to r ia l o rg an isa tio n is w aitin g to assist you e ith e r w ith a sh o rt specia list course o r com plete tra in in g fo r a recognised exam in a tio n .

W e h av e av a ilab le a large fu ll-tim e sta ff of in stru c to rs, w hile th e efficiency of o u r ex ten siv e o rg an isa tio n is a byw ord am ong engineers.

W E G U A R A N T E E — “ NO P A S S — NO F E E ”

M ay we send a copy of " E N G IN E E R IN G O P P O R ­T U N IT IE S ” ? C o n ta in ing a g rea t deal of useful advice an d d e ta iled in fo rm atio n on o ver 200 H o m e-S tu d y Courses an d ex am in a tio n s , th is hand b o o k is of v ery rea l v a lu e to th e am b itio u s engineer.

O ur highly in fo rm a tiv e h an d b o o k will be sen t F R E E and w ith o u t o b liga tion o n request.

B R I T I S H I N S T I T U T E O F E N G I N E E R I N G T E C H N O L O G Y .

E sta b lish ed 1927— o ver 200.000 s tu d en ts .12, Shakes pe are House, 17, 18 & 19, Stratford Place,

Oxford Street, London, W . l .33

Great Poss ibi l i t ies for

T E C H N I C A L L Y Q U A L I F I E D E N G I N E E R S

Key Men in W ar-T im e and Af terwards

E finest po sts an d th e g rea t m a jo r ity of po sts in G rea t B rita in in th is w ar a re techn ical. T he sam e

will be th e case w hen th e w ar is over. T h e v a s t increase in m ech an isa tio n now being app lied to w ar purposes will th en be su ita b ly u tilised in reco n stru c tio n , and in tra d e an d com m erce. T ak e a recognised E ng ineering Q u ali­f ication th ro u g h h om e-study w ith th e T .I .G .B ., whose S tu d en t« h av e gained 35 F I R S T P L A C E S in th eA .M .In s t.C .E .. A .M .I .E .E ., A .M .I.M ech .E .. A .F .R .A e .S .. e tc ., ex am in atio n s . W rite to -d ay for “ T h e E n g in eer’s G uide to Success,” con ta in in g th e w o rld ’s w idest choice of engineering Courses— over 200— covering all b ran ch es : E lectrica l. A eronau tical, M echanical. W ireless, etc.

T H E T E C H N O L O G I C A L I N S T I T U T E O F G T . B R I T A I N

35. T em ple B ar H ouse, L ondon . E .C .4 . 77

; The fact that goods made of raw materials In short :: supply owing to war conditions are advertised in this :; Journal should not be taken as an indication that :: they are necessarily available for export :

E L E C T R IC A L R E V IE W 'S -----------------------------------------------

INSTRUCTION CHARTFOR DEALI NG WI TH APPARENTDEATH FROM E L E C T R I C

S H O C KIn accordance with H O ELECTR IC ITY REG U LA T IO N 29

ELECTRICAL REVIEW gSSSf

T H E R H E O S T A T I C C O M P A N Y

Furthe r Inc rease in T ra d in g Profit

Mr. L. S a t c h w e l l ’s Speech

T H H E E ig h th A n n u a l G eneral M eeting of T h e R h eo sta tic -T C om pany L im ite d w as h e ld on 16th M ay a t th e co m p an y ’s office, F a rn h a m R o a d . S lough, M r. L . Satchw ell (ch a irm an of th e com pany) p resid ing .

T h e C h airm an s a id : On th e occasion o f o u r first annual general m eetin g following th e E u ro p e an v ic to ry , I would like to p reface m y rem a rk s b y re ferrin g to th e n a tu re of th e w ar w ork on w hich th e co m p an y h as been engaged.

Demand for Prop r ie tary Art ic lesO u r n o rm al p ro p rie ta ry a rtic les , nam ely , T em p era tu re

C ontro l In s tru m e n ts an d E lectr ica l R esistan ces , w ere re ­q u ired to an u n ex p ec ted e x te n t, an d th e y also found new roles in th e scene of w ar. C onsequen tly , o u r m a n u ­fac tu re of such eq u ip m en t h a d to increase considerab ly .

I n o rder to m ak e i t possib le to serve in com pletely new w ar p ro d u ctio n th e com pany p ro v id ed th e necessary space b y ta k in g v a rio u s d isp ersal p rem ises an d succeeded in p ro d u cin g a v e ry s tro n g flow of e lec tro -tech n ica l articles for th e N a v y an d A ir F orce.

O ver tw o h u n d red of th e c o m p a n y ’s em ployees are serv ing in th e F orces, a n d six teen h a v e m ad e th e suprem e sacrifice b y giv ing th e ir lives. W e h o n o u r th e ir m em ory an d o u r sy m p a th y is w ith th e ir re la tiv es a n d friends.

T h e norm al business of y o u r co m p an y is largely co n ­cerned w ith th e p ro d u ctio n of T h e rm o s ta ts a n d sim ilar eq u ip m en t necessary n o t o n ly fo r d o m estic com fort, b u t v ita l in th e in te re s ts of fuel econom y w h a tev er k ind of fuel is used.

Improved St andard of Domestic ComfortT he c o m p an y ’s lead ersh ip in th ese m a t te r s is. I th in k ,

w ell recognised , an d i t is hoped an d believed th a t we shall m ate ria lly a ssis t in ra ising th e s ta n d a rd of w arm ing , cook­ing an d h o t w a te r in th e new hom es o f th e peop le an d in th e larg e se rv ice bu ild ings w hich a re n ecessary in build ing th e to w nsh ips.

T h e co -o rd in atio n of o u r tech n iq u e w ith t h a t of o th ers w ho a re responsib le fo r housing a n d fuel sav in g seem s to be assu red , ju d g in g b y th e in te re s t w h ich h as been show n in p ro to ty p e houses w hich w e h a v e eq u ip p ed , w here solid fuel an d e lec tric ity a re u sed in h a p p y co m b in a tio n to p rov ide com ple te w a rm th , cooking and- h o t w a te r econom ically .

T h e c o m p an y ’s p ro d u ctio n d em an d s g rea te r space, and y o u r d irec to rs h av e m ad e p rov ision fo r th is by purch asin g a d d itio n a l prem ises a t F rim ley in S u rrey , now undergo ing a d a p ta tio n , th u s av o id ing b u ild ing de lay s , w here i t is hoped w e m ay be p e rm itte d to em ploy d isab led persons for whom w ork is specially su ited . T hese p rem ises will be so a rranged as to p ro v id e th e idea l co nd itions needed fo r in s tru m e n t assem bly .

T h e s ta te of th e c o m p an y ’s o rd er book a m p ly justifies th e p rov is io n s being m ad e fo r expansion , an d I would p o in t o u t t h a t fu rth e r ca p ita l will be req u ired . Y o u r b o a rd is seeking th e necessary a u th o r i ty fo r th is to b e raised .

I t r u s t t h a t th e ba lance sh ee t a n d p ro fit an d loss acco u n t in y o u r h an d s will m ee t w ith y o u r ap p ro v a l, show ing as th e y do a fu r th e r increase in tra d in g p ro fit. W e can only h ope th a t th e ta x a tio n b u rd en w ill h a v e becom e less by th e end of a n o th e r y ea r.

T h e Fre nch Co mpanyIn resp ec t of ou r F re n ch com pany . L a T h erm o sta tiq u e .

S .A ., I am p leased to say th a t we h a v e now h a d a v isit from its m an ag er, an d he confirm s rep o r ts previously received to th e effect t h a t th e p la n t an d a sse ts a re in ta c t an d t h a t th e o rg an isa tio n h as been re-estab lished , and co n seq u en tly y o u r b o a rd h as dec id ed t h a t i t is ju stified in reduc ing th e reserv e w hich w as s tan d in g a g a in s t such in v es tm e n t. T h e F re n ch co m p an y rem ains, as w as in ­ten d ed . o u r p e rm a n e n t p ied -a -te rre in W estern E urope , an d shou ld s ta n d us in good s tead as a base for op era tio n s in th e reb u ild in g offensive.

Y ou will be g lad to know, t h a t h a p p y perso n al re la tio n ­sh ips ex is t th ro u g h o u t th e com pany . O ur th a n k s a re due to th e c o m p an y ’s em ployees for th e h a rd w ork th e y h av e p u t in d u rin g th ese w ar years , an d we hope th e y will welcom e th e o p p o r tu n ity of c o n tin u in g w ith a firm w hich has such ex cellen t p ro sp ec ts.

T he rep o r t an d acco u n ts w ere un an im o u sly a d o p ted .T he re tirin g d irec to rs . M r. F . C arle to n A nderson and

M r. A. H . F o y s te r . w ere re-e lec ted : an d th e au d ito rs. M essrs. H em sley M iller & Co., havingr been re-ap p o in ted , th e p roceedings te rm in a ted . 1987

M ay 25, 1945"E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 77

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Takes Ev

L. G. Hawkins

78 (Supplement) E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w M ay 25, 1945

R E P E T I T I O N T U R N I N Gup to I 5 " A c c u ra c y and

Good Finish in

Free Turning Metals

and Plastic Rod

LEWIS WOOLFL IM ITED

144 O A K F IELD RD.BIRMINGHAM 29

a /l m dftsM es f

*lUTCfOUT

E L E C T R I C • T R U C K S

• T R A C T O R S• L O C O M O T I V E S

conserve man-power

W I N G R O V E & R O G E R SL IMITED

B R O A D W A Y C O U R T , B R O A D W A Y . L O N D O N . S .W . I «

R EP T O N ENGINEERING]! COM PANY M Ê

T E N N A N T STREET. B I R M I N G H A M . 15.

T E L E P H O N E : M ID . 1 7 9 2 /3 T EL E G R A M S T O N S T I L E

-Immediate Deliveries!-“ T rium ph ” Puses are In stock , for Sw itchboard an d B usbar M ounting, in all ra tin g s from 5 am ps. *250 volts to 350 am ps. 500 volts.T ro m p t deliveries of all ty p es of D istribu tion B oards, including H.R .C .

The only ltew irab le H .O . Fuse Incorpora ting both p ressure self- aligning con tacts an d vented explosion cham ber In base.

S o le P a te n te e s a n d M a n u fa c t u r e r s :—T h e C a s t le F u se & E n g in e e r in g C o . L im i t e d

Castle W o rks , 31 /35 Chester Street, Liverpool 8 . Phone : RoyaJ 1610. Crams : " Corundum , L iverpool ”—

■

I N S T R U M E N T S OF UTMOS T P R E C I S I O N

YEARSSPECIALISEDEXPERIENCE

M O D E R N D E S I G N , HIGH-GRADE ROBUST MOVEMENT, CONSTANT ACCURACY UNDER ALL CONDITIONS OF USE.

May 25, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w . {Supplement) 7 9

SM A L LE R M A G N ETS A N D S A M E O U T P U T

O R

£ IZE a s b e f o r e b u t g r e a t e r

O U T P U T

■ TICONAL ' GIVES YOU A 600D A N SW E R — EITHER WAY

Because *•T ic o n a l ' p erm an en t m a g n e ts— w ith a B .H . m ax. of 4.4m illion?— ha\ e n e a rly th ree tim e? the en ergy p re v io u sly available from th e best com m ercia l m agn ets, ap p aratu s ^ these su p er m agn ets can b e m ade a p p re c ia b ly ligh ter aadsm alier and st ill m a in ta in the sam e efficien cy. A lte m a - tivelv the o rigin al size can be re ta in ed , w hich g ives consider­a b ly increased e fficien cy. ‘ T ic o n a l ' m agn ets are an isotrop ic, LeJ they posses? g re a t ly jn c r e a s e d p ro p erties a lon g the «»referred ax is . M illia rd * 1 ico n al ’ m agn ets w ere th e first a^sotropic perm an en t m agn ets co m m ercia lly a v a ila b le — and are still the best.

'TICONAL P erm anent M agnets: SEC TBAOE MARA)

made by. MULLARDHZ ITCLLAEi1 WT&ELE55 SERVICE CO. I-ÏU-, CBNTC

íhaCieselbí avknce. loskon. w.c..

W E C A N E I T H E R S U P P L Y

orP R E F E R A B L Y M A K E T H E S E

a d a p t o r s

from Lam pholders supplied by you

HELIOS L A B O R A T O R I E S6 Ange, H o u s e ,

L ON DO N, N.l

M.S.M. are specialist manu­facturers of tilting type mercury switches suitable for instrument work, domestic and industrial ap­paratus and power control gear.

T H E M E R C U R Y S W IT C H M A N U F A C T U R IN G

W E S T D R A Y T O N , M ID D L E S E X

WELLS OIL FILTERS

give OLD OIL HEW Lift

W ith W e lls ' W aste O il F ilte r you can use your oM

conjunction w ith W e lls ' Patent S.phon Feed.

80 {Supplement) .El e c t r ic a l R e v ie w M ay 25, 1945

Index to AdvertisersPAGE

A e ria lite L td ..................................................................................... 10A g ro E le c tr ic a l C o . L td ............................................................ 66A ir D u c ts L td .................................................................................. 62A rm o rd u c t C a b le C o . L td C o v e r iiiA sso c ia tio n o f S teel C o n d u it M a n u fa c tu r e r s .................. 63B a k e r P la tin u m L td ...................................................................... 43B .E .N . P a te n ts L td ...................................................................... 82B erg e r, L ew is, & S o n s L td ....................................................... 12B e rry ’s E le c tr ic L td ...................................................................... 40B. & H , (N o ttin g h a m ) L td .................................................. 56B ill S w itc h g ea r L td ...................................................... 3B irk b y s L td ....................................................................................... 83B o lto n , T h o m a s , & S o n s L td ................................... 55B o w k er, S. O ., L td ...................................................................... 57B rita n n ic E le c tr ic C a b le & C o n s tru c t io n C o . L t d . . . . 65B ritish In su la te d C a b le s L td .................................................... 68B ritish T h o m s o n -H o u s to n C o . L td ..................................... 5B ro o k M o to r s L td ........................................................................ 9B ro o k h irs t S w itc h g ea r L td C o v e r iiB ru ce P eeb les & C o . L td ............................................................ 2B ru sh E le c tr ic a l E n g in e e r in g C o . L td ................................ 26B u lp itt & S o n s L td C o v e r iiiC a m b rid g e In s tru m e n t C o . L td ............................................. 40C a n n in g , W ., & C o . L td ............................................................ 24C a s tle F u se & E n g in e e r in g C o . L td ..................................... 78C la rk e , H ., & C o . (M a n c h e s te r ) L td ................................... 27C o n c o rd ia E le c tr ic W ire & C a b le C o . L td ...................... 84C o n e x T e rn a L td ........................................................................... 59C o n s o lid a te d P n e u m a tic T o o l C o . L td .............................. 7C o n ta c to r S w itc h g ea r L t d ......................................................... 56C ro m p to n P a rk in s o n L td 6 , 35 & 69C ry se lco L td ..................................................................................... 30D a c ie r L td ..................... 28D a ly (C o n d e n se rs ) L td .............................................................. 36D e L a R u e P la s tic s L td .............................................................. 37D e n n is , G . P . , .L td ........................................................................ 64D o n o v a n E le c tr ic a l C o . L td ................................................... 84D o v e r E n g in e e r in g W o rk s L td ............................................... 46D ra k e & G o rh a m L td ................... 8

PAGED y so n & C o . E n fie ld (1919) L td ............................................. 39E lc o rd ia L td ..................................................................................... 80E le c tr ic ity S erv ices L td ............................................................... 62E le c tro D y n a m ic C o n s tru c t io n C o . L t d ........................... 81E le c tro M e th o d s L td .................................................................... 82E llio tt B ro s . (L o n d o n ) L td ....................................................... 14E n g lish E le c tr ic C o . L td ................. t ....................................... 15E n se l E le c tr ic C o . L td ................................................................. 64E v a n s , F . W ., L td ........................................................................... 84F e r ra n t i L td C o v e r i & 11F o w le r , J o h n , & C o . (L eed s) L td .......................................... 44F u lm e n E le c tr ic F u r n a c e s ........................................................ 58G e n e ra l E le c tr ic C o . L td ..............................C o v e r iv , 16 & 70G ib s o n , T o d d & C o . L td ............................................................ 54G o d w in , H . J ., L td ............................................ 28H a ll, J o h n , (T o o ls ) L td .............................................................. 48H a r r is o n & C o . ( L in c o ln ) .......................................................... 80H a w k in s , L . G . , & C o . L td ....................................................... 77H e a tra e L td ..................................................................................... 1H e a y b e rd , F . C ., & C o . L td .................................................... 64H e lio s L a b o r a to r ie s .................................................................... 79H e n le y ’s, W . T ., T e le g ra p h W o rk s C o . L td 13 & 81H ey es & C o . L td ........................................................................... 54Ig ra n ie E le c tr ic C o . L td .............................................................. 20I n g ra m , K e m p & J o y n e r .......................................................... 66Iso -S p e e d ic C o . L td ...................................................................... 42J e n so n & N ic h o ls o n L td ............................................................ 46J o h n s o n & P h illip s L td ............................................................... 33J o h n s o n , R ic h a rd , C la p h a m & M o rr is L t d . ............. 36K e ig h ley L ifts L td ......................................................................... 50K e n y o n , W illia m , & S o n s L td ............................................... 60K im b e r , B ., A llen & C o . ..................................................... 36K la x o n L td ....................................................................................... 44K o d a k L td ....................................................................................... 20L a n c a sh ire D y n a m o & C ry p to L td ..................................... 25L a n c o m o to rs L td ........................................................................... 50L o n d e x L td ........................................................................................ 84L o n d o n E le c tr ic W ire C o . a n d S m ith s L td ...................... 49L o w , A rc h ib a ld , E le c tr ic s L td ............................................... 58

{Continued on page 8 2 )

7Ae 7?</oçed/iess o f a Minor's £am ps a m e r e f ia b i l i fq - s am e unfai l ing serviceCO N C O R D IA TO RC HEST ype P .B . Approved by the Ministry o f Shipping para viii (emergency lighting) and

parj xi (2) (b) (L ife Saving appliances—equipment o f Lifeboats—Morse Signalling) o f Wartime Safety Measures, Notice to Shipowners and Ship Masters No. M 182.

Type E .T . For use underground in Mines only. Approved by Ministry o f Fuel and Power.

T ype A .E .T . For use in dangerous atmospheres. Approved by the Board o f Trade" (cert. E3).All madt tarh thi mggedntis cj a miner'i lamp, tcilh ihr same reliability and unfailing ¡mit*

C O N C O R D I ATORCHES AND LAMPS

ELCO RD IA LTD

CO N C O R D IA P O L IC E T YPE LAMP

Primarily designed for use by police forces, but eoually useful as A .R .P. inspection lamps or by night watchers, when tne front lens is modified so as to throw light in downward direction.

Can be fitted with dry battery or non-spillable lead-add battery.

B l a c k h e a r f & W 8ü8tt@lto@aíMALLEABLE CASTINGS FOB THE

ELECTRICAL INDUSTRY

MAIRMSOM & C3©o (ÍLflím@@lím)N O R T H H Y K E H A M , L IN C O L N

North Hykeham 206/7 Telegram s: Malleable, Lincoln

M ay 25, 1945 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 81

Now available for

LOW VOLTAGES12 V. and 2 4 V.

Write for details of the complete SOLON range for low and normal voltages.

SO LO N Industrial Type Electric Soldering Irons rated at 65 watts are now available for use where a low voltage system of supply is employed. There are two models, one fitted with a round pencil bit as illustrated, the other with an oval tapered bit, and they will do the same class of work as the well-known SO LO N S of 65 watt rating for normal supplies. Their design Incorporates the many special SO LO N features, Including the fitting of the heat­ing element Inside the bit.Both models can be supplied fitted with elements for 12 volts or for 24 volts supply as required.

Complete with 6 feet of H EN LEY twin core flexible.

X d Z - L e c t t icSOLDERING IRON for IN DUSTRIAL USEW . T. H E N L E Y ’S T E L E G R A P H W O R K S CO. LTD.Engineering Department, Milton Court, W estcott, Dorking, Surrey

Clectro Bpnamtt Construction Co.m b .

SHIP VENTILATING FAN ST. MARY CR AY, K E N T A N D BRIDG WAT ER , SOM.

82 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w M ay 25, 1945

Index to Advertisers(C on tinued fro m p a g e 80) p a g e

M a rtin d a le E le c tr ic C o . L td .................................................... 41M a th e r & P la t t L td ...................................................................... 53M c K e c h n ie B ro s . L td ................................................................. 3M .C .L . & R e p e tit io n L td ......................................................... 1M e d w a y C o r ru g a te d P a p e r C o . L td ................................... 22M e rc u ry S w itch M fg . C o . L td ............................................... 79M e ta llic S eam less T u b e C o . L td ............................................. 60M e tro p o lita n -V ic k e rs E le c tr ic a l C o . L t d .................... 45 & 67M id la n d D y n a m o C o . L t d ....................................................... 66M id la n d E le c tr ic M fg . C o . L td ............................................. 31M o u ld e d P ro d u c ts L td ............................................................... 32M u lla rd W ire less Serv ice C o . L td .. ................................. 79M u ltic o re S o ld e rs L td ................................................................. 64N e w In su la tio n C o . L td ............................................................ 54N e w a lls In su la tio n C o . L td ....................................................... 50N e w to n , L . H . , & C o . L td ....................................................... 52N ife B a tte rie s L td ........................................................................ 17P ire lli-G e n e ra l C a b le W o rk s L td .......................................... 21P ressed S teel C o . L t d ................................................................. 59P ritc h e tt & G o ld & E .P .S . C o . L t d . .............................. 65P y re n e C o . L td ................................................................................ 32R a d io In s tru m e n ts L td .............................................................. 77R e p to n E n g in e e r in g C o .............................................................. 78R ev o E le c tr ic C o . L td ................................................................ 34R ey ro lle , A ., & C o . L td .............................................................. 51R . M . E le c tr ic L td ........................................................................ 62R o b in s o n , L io n e l, & C o . L td ....................................... 58R o ss C o u r tn e y & C o . L td ......................................................... 1R o to p lu n g e P u m p C o . L td ...................................................... 62R o w la n d s E le c tr ic a l A ccesso ries L td .................................. 47R u n b a k e n E le c tr ic a l P r o d u c ts ................................................ 82S an k ey , J o sep h , & S o n s L td ................. 4S. & D . R iv e t C o ........................................................................... 2S ieg ris t, E ., L td ............................................................................. 48S iem en s E le c tr ic L a m p s & S u p p lie s L td ........................... 27S ifam E le c tr ic a l In s t ru m e n t C o . L td .................................. 78S im p lex E le c tr ic C o . L t d ........................................................... 29S p icers L td C o v e r iiiS t. H e le n s C a b le & R u b b e r C o . L td ................................... 38S ta t te r , J . G . , & C o . L td ............................................................ 61S te rn a w C o . L td ............................................................................. 64S y m o n d s , R . H . , L td ................................................................... 60T h o m a s , R ic h a rd , & B a ld w in s L td ..................................... 19T h o r n E le c tr ic a l In d u s tr ie s L td ............................................ 18T .M .C .-H a rw e ll (S a les) L td .................................................... 66T u n g s ta l i te L td ................................................................................ 28U n io n L a m p & L ig h tin g C o . L td .......................................... 77V an d e rv e ld e , L ................................................................................ 82V erity s L td ....................................................................................... 41V .G . M a n u fa c tu r in g C o . L td .................................................. 28W a rd , C h a s . F . . ...................................................................... 84W eg o C o n d e n s e r C o . L td ......................................................... 48W ells , A . C ., & C o . L td .............................................................. 79W e ste rn , L a w re n c e G ., ( In c u b a to rs ) L td ......................... 36W e stin g h o u se B ra k e & S ig n a l C o . L td .............................. 23W e stm in s te r E n g in e e r in g C o . L td ........................................ 1W in g ro v e & R o g e rs L t d ............................................................ 78W o o lf , L ew is, L t d ........................................................................ 78W rig h t, B in d ley & G e ll L td .................................................... 56

B E N PATENTS LTD., HIGH W Y C O M B E

RELAYSwith Mercury and Metal Contacts

TEMPERATURE ^HUMIDITYPRESSURE

CONTROL

SOLENOIDS

BI-METAL THERMOSTATSÖ

PRECISION RESISTORS

EARTH PROTECTION

PORTABLE FLASH TESTThis Flash Test required by all making, repairing and ser­vicing electrical equipment. A | 1,000, 2,000 to 5,000. volts. Send for Leaflet (Q 53) about Flash Testing.

Split,Cauged & Processed to all shapes, sizes and

requirements.si varnished

INSULATING SLEEVING yS g e n q a /r /e s

IW L.lälHEUIE,Gnome Works,

Stdnsted,Essex./TELEP.&TELEC?;

STANSTED 32Ó1

May 25, 1945 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w (Supplement) 83

Elo plastics have given to industry a wide] range of materials, often developed to meet specific and

exacting needs—thus overcoming many practical diffi­culties which arose with the use of older materials.

W hatever Y O U R problem—whether corrosion, resistance to heat, to friction, to compression, insulation or shock resistance

in the electrical industry — wherever strength/weightratio is important — then ELO is the answer.

W e suggest that you consult us before preparing yourpost-war plans — we shall be glad to help and advise you.

Mouldings, Powders, Resin and VarnishFor everything electrical and 1,001 other uses

e / y i o n e e t

'///////////\

HtCXMONOWIKE S I 4Write NOW fo r in fo r m a tio n T H E R E S E A R C H S E C T IO N ,B IR K B Y S LTD..LIVERSEDGE,YORKS.

84 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w May 25, 1945

THE CONCORD IA ELECTRIC W IRE & CABLE CO MPANY LIMITED. L O N G E A T O N n e a r N O T T I N G H A M .

B A K E L I T E --------M O U L D I N G S ' v . AND

E R I N O I Dt o a n y T U R N I N G S

S P E C I F I C A T I O N

F R E D E R I C K W. EVANS L T D .P L A S T I C W O R K S

LO N G A C R E , B IR M IN G H A M 7T E L E P H O N E : E A S t 1286 & 1287

N ote the tongue which ensures perfect and permanent contact. Easy to fix. Nuts cannot turn. A ll sizes from half to tw o inches

THE DONOVAN ELECTRICAL CO. LTD. BIRMINGHAM 9

Electrica l M anufacturers and Stockholders

A 0 lP e tr o l E l e c t r i c G e n e r a t in g P la n ts , H .T . G e n e r a t o r s , D .C . M o t o r s , F r e q u e n c y C h a n g e r s , e t c . , up to 25 K .V .A .

CHAS. F . WARD, 3 7 w h i t e p o s t l a n e

Phone : Amherst 1 39 3. H A C K N E Y W IC K , E .9

— L O N D E X — —P R O C E S S T I M E R S

Illustration shows mechanism of P ro ­cess T im er PR/D w ith 20 cams and i n t e r c h a n g e a b l e gearing. Each c ircu it can be provided w ith different tim e characteristics.A sk fo r lea fle t 9 2 B IE R

L O N D E X • L T DM A N U F A C T U R E R S O F R E L A Y S

AW W .V 207 ANERIEY ROAD- IDNDONSEZO « o .K S T J i» ,

P r in te d in G re a t B r i t a i n a t T h e C h a p e l r i v e r P r e s s , A n d o v er, H a n ts , a n d p u b lish e d b y E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w , L i m i t e d , a t D o rse t H ouse, S ta m fo rd 'S tre e t , L o n d o n , S .E .l .

M ay 2 5 , 19 4 5 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w iii

In these days of tremendous war effort where high quality in materials is of pa ramount i mpo r t an ce “ S i s tof l ex” remains unsurpassed

S P I C E R S L I M I T E D19 N E W BR ID G E ST., LO N D O N , E.C.4. Telephone: C EN T R A L 4211

May 25, 1945

one of these factories is out-of-datei t s p l a n t is first-class, its workers skilled and willing, its manage­

ment capable— but its lighting is wrong. All the good work, the

new machinery, the careful executive control, operate in extremes of

light and shadow, trying to the eyes and nerves, slowing up output

. . . In the other factory, O s r a m Fluorescent Lam ps provide a cool,

shadowless light that is the next best thing to daylight itself— restful,

diffused, evenly distributed. And economical, too ! The 8o-watt

O s r a m Fluorescent Lam p gives three times as much light as a tungsten

lamp for the same amount of current. N o wonder records are broken in

Factory No. 2 while it is always a struggle to keep abreast in Factory No. 1.

Stocks available at all G.E.C. Branches

L A M P SDAYLI GHT and WARM WHI TE

PRODUCTA d v t . o f T h e G e n e ra l E le c tr i c C o . L t d . : M a g n e t H o u s e : K i n g sw a g , L o n d o n , W .C . 2