l-23 revolutionary situation, 1895-1904 1.crisis at the top 2.crisis from without 3.crisis from...
TRANSCRIPT
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L-23 Revolutionary Situation, 1895-1904
1. Crisis at the Top
2. Crisis from Without
3. Crisis from Below
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Main Themes
1. “Revolutionary Situation”: Multi-dimensional
2. Crisis at the top: regime unable, unwilling to live with status quo
3. Crisis from without: foreign policy and war
4. Crisis from below: workers, peasants, minorities
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1. Crisis at the Top
Images
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1894 Nicholas and Fiancee
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Nicholas II
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Empress Alexandra
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Imperial Family 1910
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Matilda Kshesinskaia
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The Imperial Hunter
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1897 Nicholas at Hunting
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Alexander III after the Hunt
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Nicholas II Automobile
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1912 Nicholas’s Mercedes
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A. Tsar and Court
1. Reassertion of Autocracy
2. Nicholas II: Miscast but imperious
3. Ominous Coronation
4. Rescralizing autocracy: Serafim of Sarov
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Ominous Coronation
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Coronation May 1896
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Hessian Duke at Coronation
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Chinese Delegation to Coronation
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Noble Representatives to Coronation 1896
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National Representatives to Coronation 1896
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Coronation in May 1896
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Canonization of Serafim (1903)
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Serafim of Sarov
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Serafim Sarovskii
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Nicholas and Alexander at Serafim’s Canonization (1903)
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Serafim, 1919-1991
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Icon of St. Nicholas
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B. Bureaucratic Politics
1. Autocracy vs. bureaucracy
2. Rise of “bureaucratic parties”Ministry of Interior
Ministry of Finance
3. Crisis at the top
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Ministers of Interior
D.S. Sipiagin
1899-1902
V.K. Plehve
1902-4
P.D. Sviatopolk-
Mirskii
1904-5
I.V.Goremykin
1895-99
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C. Instruments of Rule and Repression
1. Police
2. Army
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2. Crisis from Without: Diplomacy and War
A. West: Realignment
B. East: Compensatory colonialism
C. Russo-Japanese War
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“Yellow Peril”: Russo-Japanese War
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Russo-Japanese War: Battlefield Surgery
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Naval Theater: Russo-Japanese War
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Russo-Japanese War: Russian Troops in Manchuria
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Russian POW’s at School
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Port Arthur
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Sinking of “Suvorov” in Battle of Tsujima Straits
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Japan: Beheading of Alleged Spy
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Russian Battleships in Port Arthur
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Port Arthur 1904
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1905: Russian Army Retreats after Defeat at Mukden
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3. Crisis from Below
A. Peasants
B. Workers
C. Minorities
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A. Peasants
1. Agrarian crisis
2. Peasant movement
3. State policy
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Harvest in Moscow Provincec. 1900
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Contradictions in the Countryside
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Political Cartoon: Nicholas Thanks Repressive Governor
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Peasant Disorders
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1890 1893 1896 1899 1902
Number ofDisorders
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B. Workers
1. Peasant-proletarians
2. Working-class movement
3. State policy
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New Working Class
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Worker Meeting
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Strike movement
0
50
100
150
200
250
1860-1869
1870-1879
1880-1889
1890-1899
1900-1904
Strikes/yr
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C. Minorities