kwe dii⁾l avn&g` rb‾kz evwl⁂kx we‡kl msl⁁v 2017 · diiol gkvwgx cw¨kv, rbkzevwlkx...

diiL GKv‡Wgx cwÎKv, Rb¥kZevwl©Kx we‡kl msL¨v 2017 1 diiL GKv‡Wgx cwÎKv, Rb¥kZevwl©Kx we‡kl msL¨v 2017 2

diiæL GKv‡Wgx cwÎKv

(diiæL-M‡elYv dvD‡Ûk‡bi gyLcÎ)

Kwe diiæL Avn&g` Rb¥kZ evwl©Kx we‡kl msL¨v 2017

m¤úv`K

gyn¤§` gwZDi ingvb


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(†iwRt bs- Gm 5434 (549)/ 2006)

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†hvMv‡hvM : 62/1, cyivbv cëb, XvKv-1000

†dvbt 9557869, 01819420489

Email : [email protected]

facebook page : farrukhgobeshonafoundation

weÁvcb g¨v‡bRvi

•mq` gynv¤§` Avjx (eveyj)

cÖQ`

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gy ªY

G¨v‡Äj †cÖm, 5 kªxk`vm †jb, XvKv 1100

g~j¨- GKk UvKv gvÎ|

Farrukh Academy Patrika (A periodical of Farrukh Gabeshana

Foundation), Poet Farruk Ahmed‟s Centinary Special Issue 2107

Edited by Muhammad Matiur Rahman, President, Farrukh Gabeshana

Foundation. Published by Mohiuddin Akbar, on behalf of the Farrukh

Gabeshana Foundation.

mailto:[email protected]


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Accolades by Farrukh Ahmed Translated From the

Bangla „Sirajam Munira‟ by Yasmin Faruque : GHAUSUL AZAM

35

Two Sonnets By Farrukh Ahmad : Translated by Sayeed

Abubakar 36

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c~Y© Puv‡ì fiv-weKvk|

†bŠ‡dj I nv‡Zg

Kve¨ bq, Mvb bq, wkí bq,Ñïay †m gvbyl

wbt¯v_©, Z¨vMx I Kgx©, †meveªZx Ñ cv‡i †h RvMv‡Z

mg Í Nyg‰Í cÖvY,ÑNyg‡Nv‡i hLb †m †eûuk

R¡vjv‡Z cv‡i †h Av‡jv So-ÿzä AÜKvi iv‡Z;

nv‡Zg ZvÕqx

g‡b nq e‱`x n‡q AvwQ

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(ev`M`© nv¤§v‡gi gZB hv fqven)

kvw‰Íi wPý bvB †hLv‡b

ïay gaïv‡Î †kvbv hvq kqZv‡bi AÆnvwm

gvbyl †eu‡P Av‡Q wK‰‧ gy`©vi kvwgj|

1974

(GKwU Av‡jL¨)

¯‡c′i Aa¨vq †kl| `yt¯‡c′i G e‱`x wkwei

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evlwÆ nvRvi MÖvg DrKwÉZ, wbf…Z cjøxi

cÖwZ c‡_ I‡V AvR nvnvKvi Zxeª eyfyÿvi

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ÿzav, g„Zz¨ fvM¨ AvR w¯ÍwgZ G åv‰Í RvwZi|

G gyn~‡Z© wK D¾¡jY ivRavbx| bZzb kni

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KvUvq Djøv‡m Zvi Rxe‡bi DÏvg cÖni|

DcwPqv c‡o hvq cvbcvÎ †dwbj, DQj,

wbj©‡¾i i½g‡Â AKwíZ wejv‡mi Ni,

`yÕ‡PvL-auvav‡bv iƒ‡c; bM′, †gKx Hk¦‡h© D¾¡j||

(1jv Avlvp, 1389 evsjv| 10 Ryb, 1974 wLª: Zvwi‡L †jLv|)


Kwe diiæL Avng‡ì Rb¥kZ evwl©Kx Dcj‡ÿ

Av‡qvwRZ †mwgbvi

euv w`K †_‡K h_vµ‡g Kwe nvmvb Avwjg, Aa¨vcK gyn¤§` gwZDi ingvb,

W±i Ave`yj gwR`, Aa¨vcK †K Avjg I Aa¨vcK gywneyi iwng

Kwe diiæL Avng‡ì Rb¥ 10 Ryb, 1918 mvj| G eQi 2017

mv‡ji 10 Ryb Zuvi kZZg Rb¥ wèm| Hw`b diiæL M‡elYv

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gvbmyi AvwRR, Kwe Avng` evwmi cÖgyL| Abyôv‡b diiæL Avng‡ì

Mvb cwi‡ekb K‡ib h_vµ‡g †Z․wn yj Bmjvg I .....| diiæ‡Li

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gvneye gyKzj|

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mfvcwZ Aa¨vcK gyn¤§` gwZDi ingvb| wjwLZ e³…Zvq wZwb e‡jbt

ÒKwe diiæL Avng‡ì Rb¥ 10 Ryb 1918| Zuvi kZZg Rb¥wèm 10

Ryb 2017 ZvwiL| †m wnmv‡e 10 Ryb 2017 †_‡K 9 Ryb 2018 Zuvi

Rb¥kZevwl©Kx| mgKv‡j diiæL Avng` GKRb kw³gvb Kwe wnmv‡e

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me©vwaK D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Kwe| cieZx© wZb `kK Kvj Zuvi cÖwZfvi

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me©vwaK Av‡jvwPZ D¾¡j Kwe-e¨w³Z¡|

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beRvMi‡Yi cÖavb cÖvYcyiæl wQ‡jb ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq (1772-1833)|

wn‱ y K‡j‡Ri ZiæY Aa¨vcK †nbwi jyBm wfwfqvb wW‡ivwRI (1809-31),

†`‡e‱`ªbv_ VvKzi (1817-1905), Ck¦iP‱`ª we`¨vmvMi (1820-91), f~‡è

gy‡Lvcva¨vq (1827-94), †KkeP‱`ª †mb (1838-84) cÖgyL G

beRvMi‡Yi aviv‡K †eMgvb K‡ib| G beRvMi‡Yi †kÖô dmj n‡jb

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(1824-73), ew¼gP‱`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq (1838-94), iex‱`ªbv_ VvKzi (1861-

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beRvMi‡Yi cÖavb D,(2181-2371) bxmng `§¤nyg xRvn Ñbj‡n vZvM


m¨vi •mq` Avng` Lvb (1817-98), beve Avãyj jwZd (1828-93),

•mq` Avgxi Avjx (1849-1928), ‣mq` bIqve Avjx †P․ayix (1863-

1929), beve m¨vi mwjgyjøvn& (1871-1915) cÖgyL| beRvMi‡Yi cÖavb

dmj wnmv‡e gxi gkviid †nv‡mb (1848-1912), gnvKwe Kvq‡Kvev`

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1914), gvIjvbv gyn¤§` AvKig Luv (1877-1966), •mq` BmgvBj

†nv‡mb wmivRx (1880-1931), †eMg †iv‡Kqv mvLvIqvZ †nv‡mb (1880-

1932), W±i gyn¤§` knx`Djøvn& (1885-1969), Kwe †Mvjvg †gv¯Ídv

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mdj cwiYwZi w`‡K AMÖmi K‡i †`q| Gme NUbvi g‡a¨ we‡kl

D‡jøL‡hvM¨ n‡jvÑ 1905 mv‡j e½f½, 1906 mv‡j gymwjg jxM MVb,

Ks‡MÖ‡mi Amn‡hvM I ¯ivR Av‡‱`vjb, 1911 mv‡j e½f½ i`, 1921

mv‡j XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq cÖwZôv, 1922 mv‡j †LjvdZ Av‡‱`vjb, 1937

mv‡j wbe©vP‡bi ci †ki-B-evsjv G †K dRjyj n‡Ki †bZ…‡Z¡ evsjvi

g‰¿xmfv MVb, FYmvwjkx †evW© MVb, webv †Lmvi‡Z Rwg`vix cÖ_v D‡Q‡ì

cÖ Íve, gymwjg mgv‡R wkÿvwe Ívi I miKvwi PvKzwi jv‡fi my‡hvM m„wó Ges

1940 mv‡j gymwjg jx‡Mi Ôjv‡nvi cÖ ÍveÕ MÖn‡Yi d‡j gymjgvb‡ì g‡a¨

µgv‰^‡q ¯Z‰¿ ¯vaxb ivóª cÖwZôvi AvKvsÿv cÖg~Z© nq| ivR‣bwZK

Av‡‱`vj‡bi cvkvcvwk mvwnZ¨-mvs¯‥…wZK weKv‡ki d‡j gymwjg mgv‡R

HK¨-†PZbv mymsnZ I Db′wZ-AMÖMwZ jv‡fi AvKvsÿv m„wó nq| mvwnZ¨-

mvs¯‥…wZK weKv‡k Gmgq KjKvZvq be MwVZ Ô‡i‡bmuv Av‡‱`vjbÕ we‡kl

¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| evOvwj gymwj‡gi GKgvÎ •`wbK cwÎKv

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mymsnZ iƒc jvf K‡i|

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bq, GmgqKvi me©vwaK D¾¡j Kwe-cÖwZfv wnmv‡eI ¯xK…wZ †c‡q‡Qb|

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wKQzKvj Av‡M m`¨ ¯vaxbZvcÖvß evsjv‡`‡k gvbem„ó 1974 Gi `zwf©‡ÿ

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culture into which we were born (284).”

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(breed like rabbit).

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religion.Ó (Shashi Tharoor, “The Ugly Briton”)

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GKv‡Wwg:XvKv, Ryb 1996

2. diiæL Avng` iPbvejx wØZxq LÐ, Ave`yj gvb′vb •mq` m¤úvw`Z,

evsjv GKv‡Wwg: XvKv, Ryb 1996

3. Ave`yj gvb′vb •mq`, Ôdi&iæL Avng‡ì MíÕ, di&iæL Avng‡ì ¯^vZš¿

I •ewkó¨ (1g LÐ), gyn¤§` gwZDi ingvb m¤úvw`Z, evsjv‡`k †Kv-

Acv‡iwUf eyK †mvmvBwU wjt, XvKv-PUªMvg, 2016

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g~j¨ t 300.00 UvKv

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g~j¨ t 60.00 UvKv

Kwe diiæL Avn&g‡ì Kve¨MÖš’ wmivRvg gybxiv

g~j¨ t 60.00 UvKv

The English Translation of Some Selected Poems of

Farrukh Ahmad (Enlarged Second Edition)

by Abdur Rashid Khan Price: 100.00 Taka.

gyn¤§` gwZDi ingvb iwPZ ÔdiiæL cÖwZfvÕ (3q ms¯‥iY)

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K…ZÁZv cÖKvk KiwQ| Ñ m¤úv`K|

GHAUSUL AZAM (Original: Ghausul Azam)

The Jilan sun beckons to an impassably rocky road…. That full sun keeps on beckoning over and over

O, let the rays of the Jilan sun provide sight

To him who, leaving the caravan, gropes in the dark.

Let the new sunrise beckon out of a sky from which the darkness has gone

Shedding bright light on this dark and moonless night.

Let the Jilan sun, like a strong lion, fearlessly

Shine down in searing hot rays.

O, bring the fierce life-fire of the Jilan sun

To this country of dark ways, conquered by the baser instincts.

After this dead, sullied night, pray awaken

The light of Truth; behold the unending path to fullness

Of all the skies and seas,

And the concealed mountain of fulfillment in every speck of dust.

Two Sonnets

By Farrukh Ahmad

Translated by Sayeed Abubakar

Rain

Rain has come, long awaited rain, in the arable hamlets

Beside the Padma and the Meghna. Rain has come by the east wind.

The burnt sky and the fileds have been covered with dark shades.

Lightning, the beautiful fairy, has boarded the clouds.

Looking at her incomparable beauty in all directions,

Keya, the shy flower on a rainy day, shudders in excitement,

The paddy-fields burnt in the sun want to have her touch today,

Flood in the crevices of rivers bring the tide replete with life.


The harsh uneven field like the skinny hand of an ill old beggar

Listens to the melody of that rainfall;

Along with the thirsty forest, the thirsty mind wakes up

And wants to pass the long way and the uneven desolate field

Where the forgotten days are lying lonely, detached from all;

There the clouds of rain remain vigilant gloomy and lovely.

At The Ancient Shrine

Lying at the ancient shrine, a few bones of man

Listen to the sound of a night-bird. The hill of memory

Descends upon his solid night making it more condensed.

All these nights are only to talk to ownselves.

I know, the traveler, the guest of dust, dreamt once

With pleasure in much illusion a beautiful world;

All his crowded memories are now futile dirge of life,

The sound of the night-bird. His grave, a collected heap

Of darkness, as it were a shoal of sand; both sides of it,

There flows a fierce stream of life, full of waves;

On that lifeless white shoal of sand, beside the coffin,

There plays the Tom-tom. Into the old bricks, who hear

the innumerable mistakes falling down into death's caves?

The sound of the night-bird makes the shrine ancient tremble.

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k‡ãi mv‡_ k‡ãi mg‰^q mvab, kã w`‡q a″wb-e¨Äbv m„wó, kã w`‡q fve-

m½wZ iÿv BZ¨vw` bvbv m~² KviæK‡g©i gva¨‡g Kweiv kã‡K wkím¤§Z

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cÖ‡qvRb nq| m‡e©vcwi, Gme Acwinvh© Dcv`v‡bi mv‡_ fve I wel‡qi

myw¯§Z web¨v‡m KweZvi m„wó nq|

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mv‡_ k‡ãi wgjb NUv‡jB nq bv, A‡bK •bcyY¨ I Kjv-KzkjZvi mv‡_

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hviv KweZv †j‡Lb, Zviv †h mK‡jB Kwe, Zv bq| Z‡e Zv‡ì g‡a¨ †KD

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Gme cwigvc Kivi Dcvq Kx?

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cÖwZfv, wØZxq cÖKvk, Ryb 2008, c„. 69-73)|

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Kiv hvq| wb‡P K‡qKwU PiY D×…Z n‡jv-


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(HtH)

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(HtH)

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(HtH)

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GLv‡b GLb ARmª aviv DV‡Q `yÕ†PvL †Q‡c

Zey †`Lv hvq `~‡i eû `~‡i †nivi ivR-‡ZviY...

(HtH)

bj e‡b †Rvm′vi euvwk

Qovq my‡ii Av¯iY

wSg n‡q Av‡m †mB my‡i mKj AvKvk

b`x eb|

(gaygZxi Zx‡it †n eb¨ ¯‡cœiv)

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(Kv‡djvt Kv‡djv)

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mvd‡jï cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb| Zuvi DËim~wi Kwe diiæL AvngÌ iƒcK-

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BsivR †jLK Sampson e‡jb t

“An artist of the first rank accepts tradition and enriches it; an

artist of the lower rank accepts tradition and repeats it; an artist of the

lowest rank rejects tradition and strives for originality.”

ejvevûj¨, diiæL Avng` fve-welq I fvlvi †ÿ‡Î †hgb iƒcK-

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D×…wZ †ck K‡i e³e¨ my¯úó K‡i †Zvjvi cÖqvm cv‡ev| †hgbÑ

Avj&eyi&‡Ri P~ov †hb GK D‡o Av‡m Kv‡jv †`D

e‡Rªi †e‡M cvUvZ‡b fv‡½ cvnv‡oi gZ †XD,

w`‡bi AvKv‡k GKx RyjgvZ gvwS!

(evÕi `wiqvqt mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS)

ivwÎfi Wvû‡Ki WvK...


GLv‡b Ny‡gi cvov, ¯ä `xwN AZj mywßi|

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(WvûKt mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS)

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(e›`‡i mÜ¨vt mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS))

Avj-†evi‡Ri P~ov cvi nÕj †h ¯Y©-CMj

MwZi we`y¨r wb‡q, DÏvg S‡oi cvLv †g‡j,

... ... ... ... ... ...

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Zxÿ¥ myi myZxeª msMxZ!

(†`v‡q‡ji wkm&t †n eb¨ ¯‡cœiv)

†K Av‡m, †K Av‡m mvov c‡o hvq,

†K Av‡m †K Av‡m bZzb mvov|

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gb †gvi Avmb′ mÜ¨vi wZwg gvQÑ

Wze w`j ivwÎi mvM‡i|

Zey ïwb `~i n‡Z †f‡m Av‡mÑ‡m AvIqvR

Aeiæ× Lv‡Ki wmbvq|

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MwZ AvR bvB‡Kv nvIqvq

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(gb, wmivRvg gybxiv)

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wbR¯Zv hZ ¯úó nq, Kwe‡K kbv³ Kiv ZZUv mnR Ges †mUv Zuvi

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GRiv cvDÛ ex‡ii Av`k© Luy‡RwQ‡jb †Rdvimb I †nbwi A¨vWvg‡mi g‡a¨;

diiæL Avng` Avie-exi‡ì g‡a¨ AbymÜvb K‡ib `ytmvnmx gymjgv‡bi

cÖZxK| wmivRvg gywbivq Avi‡e¨vcb¨v‡mi RMr bq Bmjv‡gi

BwZnvm‡PZbv cÖej; Z¨vM, †mev I msh‡gi Av`k© Kwe Luy‡R †c‡q‡Qb

wmivRvg gywbiv, Avey eKi wmwÏK, Igi-ìvR w`j, Im&gvb Mwb, Avjx

nvq`vi, MvIQzj AvRg, LvÕRv bKk&e‱`, myjZvbyj wn‱` I †gvRvwÏ`

Avj‡dmvbxi g‡a¨| Bmjv‡gi m~‡h©i iwk¥ m¤úvwZZ Kivi gva¨‡g `~ixf~Z

K‡i w`‡Z †P‡q‡Qb gymjgvb‡ì Rxe‡bi mg~n AÜKvi I AbMÖmiZv| Zuvi

wP‰Ívi cÖKvk †_‡K LvwbKUv cvV wbwQÑ

GB wbiÜ« ke©ixi AÜKv‡i Zxeª `y¨wZ nvwb

Zwg ªv-wegy³ b‡f RvMvI b~Zb m~‡h©v`q!

ewjô wms‡ni gZ kw³gvb,

GKv‰Í wbf©q

Rxjvb m~‡h©i iwk¥ hvK& AvR Liiwk¥ `vwb|

(ÔMvIQzj AvRgÕ: wmivRvg gywbiv)

diiæ‡Li AvRv` K‡iv cvwK Ívb (1946) Kve¨MÖ‡‰ †kvbv hvq

cvwK Ívbev‡ì hy×ev`x ¯i: Ômvg&‡b Pj& : mvg&‡b Pj&/ †Z․‡n‡`wi kv‰¿x `j/

Ômvg&‡b Pj& : mvg&‡b Pj&Õ (Ô†d․‡Ri MvbÕ)| Aby¯vi (iPbv: 1944-46) I

wemM© (iPbv: 1946-1948) Kve¨MÖ‡‰i mvgvwRK ev¯ÍeZvi avivq gyL¨ n‡q

D‡V‡Q e¨½we`ªæc-cÖeYZv| Gme e¨½KweZvi †K‱`ªxq welq mvgvwRK I

ivóªxq AmsMwZ, abZ‰¿-we‡Øl I cuywRev`x †kvl‡Yi iƒc| cvwK Ívbev`x

mvwnZ¨ZË¡ Abyhvqx gymjgv‡bi gy‡Li fvlv A_©vr Aviwe-dviwm-D`©y wgwkÖZ

fvlvq Kve¨ iPbv K‡ib Kwe diiæL Avng`| cyivY‡PZbvq wZwb †e‡Q †bb

cuyw_ I Avi‡e¨vcb¨vm‡K| Q‡‱ì †ÿ‡Î gy³K Aÿie„‡Ë wbg©vY K‡ib

cvwK Ívbev`x ev¯ÍeZvi Avkv-bxj RMr| Bmjvwg Av`k©, gymwjg HwZn¨ I

cvwK Ív‡bi RvZxq‡PZbvi wfwË‡Z †h Av‡eM Kwei g‡a¨ mÂvwiZ n‡qwQj,

Zv mgKv‡j wQj AZ¨‰Í cÖvmw½K Ges DÏxcbv-fiv|

diiæL KweZv-PP©vi cÖ_g w`‡K cvwK Ívb-Av‡‱`vjb Ges mgvRZvw‰¿K

†PZbvi Øviv ZvwoZ n‡qwQ‡jb| mgvR I mf¨Zv m¤ú‡K© †m mgq wZwb

Zx¶è e³eÏ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| fvevjyZv-ZvwoZ DQ¡vm bq, †mw`b Zvui

KweZvq wQj ¯Kxq wP‰Íve ‧i h_v_©Zv| cÖwZev`x, gvbeZvev`x Kwe

diiæL‡K Avgiv cvB h‰¿Yv Avi †¶vf cÖKvkK KweZvq| †hgb :

†n Ro mf¨Zv !

g„Z-mf¨Zvi `vm ùxZ‡g` †kvlK mgvR !

gvby‡li Awfkvc wb‡q hvI AvR;

Zvici Avwm‡j mgq

wek¦gq

†Zvgvi k„sLjMZ gvsmwc‡Û c`vNvZ nvwb

wb‡q hve Rvnvb′vg ØvicÖv‡‰Í Uvwb;

AvR GB DrcxwoZ g„Zz¨-`xY© wbwL‡ji Awfkvc eI t

a″sm nI

Zzwg a″sm nI\

(jvk :mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS)

diiæ‡Li Akv‰Í-AZ„ß Kwe-AvZ¥v Dcjwä K‡i‡QÑ ÔkZvãx wg‡k‡Q

†di mg‡qi Nb AÜKv‡i|Õ wkwk‡ii Kvb′vq wZwb cÖvYe‰Í cvLv †gjvi

bZzb Avkvi D‡Øvab †`L‡Z †c‡q‡Qb †hb| Pvwiw`‡K ïay ¤øvb g„Zzï Mfxi

nvZQvwb| ivwÎ `xN© †_‡K `xN©Zi n‡Z _v‡K gnvmsK‡Ui cÖZx‡K| meyR

cvZvq cÖvY ï‡Kv‡bvi Aem‡i wZwb mveav‡b †`‡L †bb Rxe‡bi RwUjZv|

K¬vw‰Íi A‣_ Zi½ Zvui KweZv-fvebvq cywÄf~Z Av‡µv‡k AvNvZ nv‡b|

wi³Zv Avi wbðjZvB †hb Rxe‡bi ag©| Ô`~iPvix gymvwdi Kv‡djvi N‱Uvi

a″wb‡ZÕ ïåZvi Avn″v‡b we‡fvi diiæ‡Li Kwe-fvebvq ZvB j¶¨ Kwi :

e„wó Gj... eû cÖZxw¶Z e„wó ! Ñ cÙv †gNbvi

`yÕcv‡k Avev`x MÖv‡g, e„wó Gj cy‡ei nvIqvq;

we`y¨r-iƒcmx cix †g‡N †g‡N n‡q‡Q nvIqvi|

(e„wó : gyn~‡Z©i KweZv)

diiæL Avng` Rxeb‡K †`‡L‡Qb wZwb hvwcZ Rxe‡bi †Kv‡bv GK

wb‡Uvj cÖn‡ii AwObvq `vuwo‡q| Akv‰Í c„w_exi `y‡e©va¨Zv Zuvi mvg‡b wQj|

Avi wQj kvw‰Í nviv gvby‡li e¨vwaMÖ Í g‡bi gvZg| †Kv‡bv mv‰Í¦bv-evYx

wKsev †R․jy‡li evnvwi Av‡qvRbI G `ytmn h‰¿Yv jvN‡e e¨_©| gvby‡l

gvby‡l mskq-m‡‱`n, RvwZ‡Z RvwZ‡Z Ø‱Ø Avi e¨w³‡Z e¨w³‡Z Awek¦v‡mi

eni c„w_ex‡K K‡i‡Q i³v³Ñ G Qwe diiæL Ae‡jvKb K‡i‡Qb Zvui Kwe-

Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU Aa¨v‡q| ZvB wZwb Lyu‡R‡Qb Gi Aemvb wKsev Gi †_‡K

cwiÎvY| gvbeZvi wech©¯Í ¯iƒcZv, wefrmZv Avi Ôme©MÖvmx mÂ‡qi †jvfÕ

I Ôwejvm evmbvÕ wZwb A‡‰^lY K‡i‡Qb bvMwiKZvi †gwKZvi †gvo‡K|

`„óv‰Í :

ILv‡b kni †hb jvm¨gqx ZiæY MwYKv

fvMëvb AwZw_‡K cÖwZ¶‡Y Rvbvq Avn″vb

Aa©ve…Z Zby n‡Z I‡V hvi †h․e‡bi Mvb;

w`‡b †m D×Z Avi mÜ¨vq D`MÖ mvnwmKv !

ARmª †fv‡Mi iv‡R¨ R¡‡j Zvi evmbvi wkLv

†RvMvq agbx cÖv‡‰Í Djøv‡mi cÖgË Zzdvb !


wbj©¾, jvjmvZzi Rv‡M Zvi Acv‡½ A¤vb

myZxeª m‡¤¢vM-wjáv; cÖwZ A‡½ †h․eb wjwcKv|

(GKwU AvaywbK kni : IB)

eû RvwZ, a‡g©i bvbv †ckv-†kªYxi gvby‡li emwZ j fviZ

Dcgnv‡`‡ki ag©wfwËK wefvRb †P‡qwQ‡jb diiæL| cvwK¯Ív‡bi

¯vaxbZvI wQj Zvui Kvg¨| Dcgnv‡`‡ki me gymjgv‡bi ü`‡qi cig

cÖZ¨vkv wQj GUvB| diiæL Zvui KweZvi fvlvq †m cÖZ¨vkviB my`xß cÖKvk

NwU‡q‡Qb| we‡`wk kvm‡Ki, weag©xi `vc‡Ui Rvj †_‡K gyw³Kvgx gvby‡li

AvZ©bv`‡K wZwb KweZvq vb w`‡jb cig ggZvq| †hgb :

Av‡bv mv‡gï bZzb Mvb

Av‡bv gvby‡li bZzb cÖvY

Av‡bv DÏvg SÅvi MwZ|Ó

(IovI SvÛv :AvRv` K‡iv cvwK Ívb)

AZ¨vPvix kvmK-†kvl‡Ki nvZ †_‡K gvbeZvi gyw³Kvgx Kwe diiæL

evZv‡m evZv‡m fvmgvb e¨_©Zvi AvnvRvwi †_‡K Av`g m‰Ívb‡ì,

Drcxwo‡Zi N„YvNb Rxe‡bi w`‡K Avn″vb Rvwb‡q‡Qb| eY©‡Pviv GB

mf¨Zvi Mv‡q wZwb †`‡L‡Qb VMcÖeYZvi ¯úó `vM| Avevi BD‡iv‡ci

cÖMwZi Avov‡j dvucv-mf¨Zvi ¯c′¯M© †`L‡ZI wZwb fyj K‡ibwb| ÔZbygq

bM′Zvi †m Kx mgv‡ivn|Õ ¯vaxbZvi bv‡g e¨wfPvi-†¯QvPvi‡K diiæL

KL‡bvB gvb¨ fve‡Z cv‡ib wb| †h․e‡bi cvkweKZv Avi by¨wWRg †_‡K

wZwb gyw³ Kvgbv K‡i‡Qb wcwQ‡q-cov ¯‡`kevmxi, ¯RvwZi| mf¨Zv

bvgK nZvkv evqyi cÖwZK~jZv diiæL wb‡`©k K‡i‡Qb nZ`wi ª, †L‡U-

LvIqv Agvbyl e‡j we‡ewPZ gvby‡li Revbx‡Z| mf¨Zvi i³‡PvlK iƒc

AMYb wekªv‰Í cÖv‡Y RvMvq ¯c′g~wZ© Avi Rb¥ wb‡Z _v‡K ms‡KvP I kig

f‡½i D`MÖ evmbv| mjvR mZ¨-cÖKv‡k †hb D`MÖxe cÖmvab-mgv‡Ri

Ae‡nwjZ gvbeZv| †hgb :

†N‡qv KzKz‡ii Wv‡K µgvMZ Ny‡gi e¨vNvZ,

†_‡K †_‡K D‡V Av‡m c_Pvix wfLvixi ¯i,

g‡b nq Wv÷we‡b KvovKvwo P‡j AZtci !

welg wec` G †h ! hZevi cY¨ ¿xi nvZ

wbwðZ wejv‡m Uv‡b ZZeviB weiw³-msNvZ|

ïwb e„× f„Z¨ gy‡L Gevi KwVb g‰^ Íi

Kx Avgvi Av‡m hvq hw` †Wv‡e cjx I kni ?

(AwfRvZ-Z›`ªv ;Aby¯^vi)

diiæL ey‡S‡Qb ÔKz-cÖe„wË Awfgy‡L Avgv‡ì kªvw‰Í nxb MwZ|Õ A_P

mZ¨ cÖKv‡k Kx `viæY AcviMZv| gvbeZvi Kvievix Avi MYZ‰¿ eëmvqx

m¤cÖ`vq Kx mn‡RB Rb‡mev eªZ Kvu‡a wb‡q KviæY¨ Kzov‡bvi cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq

†b‡g‡Q| Ôaiv bv-covi we`¨vqÕ cvi`k©x Gme Z_vKw_Z gvbeZv-Kg©x

fvZ‡K cÖmv` †R‡b wKsev cÖmv`‡K fvZ evwb‡q evjKcÖavb mgvR‡K

K‡i‡Q nVKvwiZvi D¾¡j mfv¯j| diiæL cwinvm K‡i‡Qb IB mf¨Zv‡K,

IB mf¨Zvi evnK-wbq‰¿K cÖMj&fZvi eRªvNvZ‡K| Zvui G †¶vf cÖKv‡k

e¨‡½vw³ we‡kl g‰¿ wn‡m‡e wµqvkxj| diiæL wj‡L‡Qb :

mveavb †_K eÜz, †Kbbv me©`v ûuwkqvi

Dc‡iv³ Kzjx‡biv Kv‡QB K‡ib †NvivNywi,

my‡hvM myweav gZ h_v¯v‡b PvjvBqv Qywi

me©`v iv‡Lb Pvj K¨vwcUvjnxb Kvievi|

wewkó cÖMwZc‰x G mKj mvay gnvZ¥vi

•be¨w³K Av‡qvR‡b m„wRZ G kvumv‡jv PvKzwi

mvgvb¨ †e‡WB P‡j, jv‡M bv‡Kv kvej nvZzwo,

cÖ‡qvRb gZ ïay wmu`KvwV nq ìKvi|

(†Pvi, Ryqv‡Pvi Ges c‡KUgv‡ii †`․ivZ¥¨ : IB)

mgvR I Rxe‡bi mv‡_ GKvZ¥Zv diiæ‡Li KweZv‡K µgvMZ ¯‡`k

Ges e¨w³-cÖZ¨vkvi Uvbvco‡b AwZµg K‡i GKUv wbwðZ wPivqZ

Dcjwä‡Z `vuo Kiv‡Z m‡Pó †_‡K‡Q| mgKvjxb ev¯ÍeZv, cÖZ¨vwkZ

Av‡jv-evZvm h‰¿-mf¨Zvi †eovRvj †_‡K gvbemËvi ¯iƒc Ae‡jvKb

diiæ‡Li KweZv‡K gh©v`vi Avm‡b AwawôZ †i‡L‡Q| Zvui Abyfe :

UvKv kw³ gvb GB wZb ¯‡c′ nj wZb gb

myZivs gvbëi e¨wZe¨ Í wZ‡bi msNv‡Z

cvb bv mgq Lyu‡R, KvR wZwb K‡ib KLb ?

gw Í®‥ DËß _v‡K mgfv‡e iv‡Î I cÖfv‡Z|

(gvbë‡ily : IB)

diiæL Avcb Kve¨ m‡Z¨ DcbxZ nIqvi cÖ‡Póvq cÖwZwbqZ Zrci

wQ‡jb| ZvB wZwb mvRv‡bv fvee„‡Ë cÖ‡ek Kiv‡Z _v‡Kb mgv‡Ri Pjgvb

`„këjx Avi A‡‰^lY Ki‡Z _v‡Kb hvÎvc‡_i •ewPÎ¨‡K| wZwi‡kvËi evsjv

KweZvq wm×v‰Í nxbZvi †h Aw i Db¥v`bv weivR KiwQj, cvðvZ¨ cÖfvweZ

†mB Ae¶q †_‡K wb‡R‡K mwi‡q †i‡L cÖvwZw¤K Kveëjq wbg©vY Kiv wQj

GK cÖKvi Am¤¢e e¨vcvi| we¯§‡qi I Avb‡‱ì e¨vcvi IB cÖej cÖev‡ni

cUf~wg‡Z `vuwo‡qI diiæL GKUv wbR¯ KweZvRwgb •Zwi Ki‡Z

†c‡i‡Qb| †Kbbv welq-fvebvq wZwb wQ‡jb mgvR m‡Zï Mfxi Abyf‡ei

Lye wbK‡U| Zvui welq-†PZbvi mgvR KL‡bv wbweofv‡e, KL‡bv †M․Yfv‡e

Avevi KL‡bv iƒcvwqZ n‡q‡Q cÖZxKx Aeq‡e| cÖZxKx mgvR-fvebvi GKUv

wPÎiƒc Avgiv cvB wb‡b¥v³ Abyf‡e :

ivwÎi AiY¨Z‡U †n Akªv‰Í cvwL

hvI WvwK WvwK


Aeva gyw³i g‡Zv

fvivbZ

Avgiv wkK‡j

ïwb bv †Zvgvi myi, wb‡R‡`wi welv³ †Qve‡j

Zbygb AvnZ|

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diiæL mvwnZ¨ AvR mvs¯‥…wZK ivRbxwZi Amnvq wkKvi| fvi‡Zi

†KvwU †KvwU civaxb gvby‡li, wbh©vwZZ RbZvi gyw³i eviZv-cÖPviK GB

Kwe‡K ÔgymjgvbÕ evwb‡q D‡cÿvi Pv`‡i †X‡K †djvi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q|

AvRI Pj‡Q †mB Ac-cÖqvm| wK‰‧ mgq me‡P‡q e‡ov wePviK| Kv‡ji

cwiµgvq wePv‡ii KvVMovq ùvwo‡q †h diiæL, Zuv‡K wKQz‡ZB g~j¨vq‡bi

gnvmfv †_‡K `~‡i mwi‡q ivLv hv‡e bv| †hgb MZ kZ‡Ki Pwjø‡ki `k‡K

wZwb n‡q D‡VwQ‡jb mvwn‡Zï AvKv‡k GK D¾¡j bÿÎ, †ZgbB, AvRIÑ

Rb¥kZe‡l©i cÖv°v‡j wZwb cvV‡Ki g‡bi DVv‡b kyåZv I kvw‰Íi `~Z

wn‡k‡e `„k¨gvb|

diiæL Avng` t ¯^vZ‡š¿¨ mgy¾¡j

bvwRe Iqv y`

wkíxi Rxe‡bi wfwËg~j †h cÖZ¨q I AwfÁvb Zvi m‡½ Zvi wkífvebv

I †m․K‡h©i mgxKiY mvwn‡Zï BwZnv‡m weij bq| wK‰‧ Zvi Rxe‡bi

•`bw‱`bZvI wbqw‰¿Z, web¨ Í I wµqvkxj nq IB GKB cÖZ¨q I

AwfÁv‡bi kvm‡bÑ G iKg wkíxi mv¶vr Avgiv Lye KgB †c‡qwQ| wK‰‧

hLb †c‡qwQ ZLb cÖZ¨¶ K†iwQ †mB wkíxe¨w³‡Z¡i gvbemËv I wkíxmËv

AwaKvsk †¶‡ÎB ci¯ú‡ii cÖwZØ‱Øx n‡q ùvovq| Rxeb ev Av`k© e‡ov bv

wkí e‡ovÑ GB wPiKvjxb AgxgvswkZ weZ‡K©i g‡a¨ c‡o A‡bK mgqB G

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wkíKxwZ© wb‡q PP©v Ki‡Z wbiærmvwnZ †eva K‡ib †mªd cÖZ¨qMZ we‡iv‡ai

Kvi‡Y| GB wÎwea we‡ePbvB, cÖvqktB, †kl ch©‰Í, GK‡`k`k©x I

m¼xY©wPËZvi cÖwZfvm n‡q I‡V| GK c¶ wkí‡K wkíxi Rxeb‡ev‡ai

ù‚iY wn‡m‡e †`‡Lb| ¯^fveZtB Zviv wkí‡K Zvi RxebcÖZ¨‡qi i‡O iwOb

†`L‡Z cvb| Zv‡ì †KD †KD eis Av‡iv GwM‡q wkí‡K Av`k© cÖPvi I

cÖwZôvi nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e eënvi Ki‡Z Pvb| Zvi dj GB ùvovq †h,

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wb‡q weZK© †g‡Uwb| GKc¶ Zuv‡K gv_vq K‡i ivL‡Z Pvb g~jZt Zuvi

wewkó cÖZ¨q`xßZvi Kvi‡YB, Avi Ab¨ c¶ Zuvi PP©v Ki‡Z AbvMÖn †`Lvb

Zuvi KweZvq IB wewkó cÖZ¨‡qi is †j‡M Av‡Q e‡j| gvbyl wn‡m‡e Zuvi

eoZ¡ I gnË¡ me©Rb¯xK…Z, wK‰‧ wkíx wn‡m‡e †KD †KD Zuv‡K eR©‡bi

c‡¶| Zv‡ì hyw³Ñ diiæL Avng` e‡ov Kwe n‡jI wZwb ag©gyLx I

we‡`kPvix, myZivs AcÖ‡qvRbxq| G hyw³ gvbweK I mvwnwZ¨K we‡ePbvq

†U‡K bv| G Awf‡hvM ivR‣bwZK D‡Ïk¨cÖ‡Yvw`Z Zv ejvB evnyj¨|

Kwe wn‡m‡e diiæL Avng‡ì DÌvb Ebwesk kZvãxi wZwi‡ki

`k‡Ki †kl w`‡K, Pwjø‡ki `k‡K Zuvi c~Y© weKvk| GB Kvj cwim‡i

weªwUkwe‡ivax msMÖvg, cvwK Ívb Av‡‱`vjb, `v½v Ges wek¦hy× GKw`‡K †hgb

gvbyl‡K nZvk I wgªqgvb K‡i Zz‡jwQ‡jv Ab¨w`‡K †Zgwb D‡b¥l NUwQ‡jv

GK AvkvcÖ` fwel¨‡ZiI| we‡klZt gymjgvb‡ì ¯Z‰¿ Avevmf~wgi

AvKv,v µ‡gB g~wZ©gvb n‡q DVwQ‡jv| GBme ivR‣bwZK RwUjZv¶

•bivk¨ I ¯c′-m¤¢vebvi wewPÎgyLx, Ges KL‡bv KL‡bv ci¯úiwe‡ivax,

AwfNvZ mvwn‡ZÏ mÂvwiZ nwQ‡jv, Av‡jvwoZ KiwQ‡jv mvwn‡Z¨K‡ì|

diiæ‡Li D‡b¥lKv‡j iex‱`ªbv_ VvKzi I bRiæj Bmjvg mgvb wµqvkxj|

RmxgDÏxb evsjv Kv‡e¨ GK bZzb wbmM©RMr wbg©vY K‡i Z‡Zv w`‡b

jäcÖwZô| Avi K‡jøvj †Mvôxi Kweiv ZLb mwµqZvi DPgv‡M© Avmxb

Ges cÖfv‡e me©MÖvmx| gvK©m&, d«‡qW, B‡qU&m, GwjqU, †ev`‡jqi, gvjv‡g©

cÖgyL BD‡ivcxq wP‰Ívwe` I Kwe-mvwnwZ¨K‡ì wewfb′gyLx wP‰Ív, fve, welq

I Avw½K‡PZbvi cøve‡b evsjv mvwnZ¨ wecyj fv‡e Avµv‰Í| iex‱`ªbv‡_i

ïf‡eva, BD‡ivcxq fveev` I Kjv‣Kejëv‡ì wecix‡Z ev Íeevw`Zvi m~Î

a‡i gvK©mev`x mvwnZ¨wP‰Ívi †Rvqv‡ii ïiæI GB mg‡q| m~Pbvq bRiæj

Bmjvg G‡ì Aby‡cÖiYvi Drm| Pwjø‡ki `k‡K eyw×e„wË I mvwn‡Zï PP©v

Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb hviv Zv‡ì‡K GB me avivi †Kv‡bv GKUv‡ZB Mv fvmv‡Z

n‡q‡Q| diiæL Avng` wQ‡jb Gi e¨wZµg|

bRiæj Bmjvg gvK©mev`x wQ‡jb bv, wK‰‧ Zuvi gvbeZvev`x

we‡`ªvn‡PZbvq gvK©mev‡ì Dcv`vb eûjfv‡e Dcw Z| cÖv_wgKfv‡e

Zuv‡KB Aej¤b K‡i gvK©mev`xiv, c‡i, AZ¨‰Í cÖfvekvjx ¯Z‰¿

mvwnZ¨‡mªvZ m„wó Ki‡jb| cÖvq GKB m‡½ Ges cÖvq GKBfv‡e bRiæj‡K

Aej¤b K‡i Rb¥ †bq Bmjvgc‰x cÖZ¨qev`x Av‡iKwU ¯Z‰¿ aviv|

kw³gvb cÖwZfvi Afv‡e mvwn‡Zï g~javivq Gi cÖfve †Zgb j¶¨‡hvM¨

wQ‡jv bv| diiæL Avng` ïiæ‡Z gvK©mev` I GgGb iv‡qi gvbeZvev`

Øviv cÖfvweZ n‡jI kxNÖB Zvi iƒcv‰i N‡U Ges wZwb GB cÖZ¨qev`x avivi

e¨wZµgx KÉ¯i wn‡m‡e Avwef©~Z nb| gnvKwe BKev‡ji `k©b Ges

bRi‡ji gvbeZvev`x we‡ ªvn Zuv‡K cÖZ¨q‡PZbv I welqfvebvi w`K †_‡K

we‡klfv‡e AbycÖvwYZ K‡i| Ab¨w`‡K, B‡qUm, GwjqU, BKevj I gvB‡Kj

ga ym~`b `Ë cÖgy‡Li KvQ †_‡K jvf K‡ib wkí I †m․‱`h©‡PZbvi

w`Kwb‡ ©kbv|

BKevj wQ‡jb `vk©wbK KweÑ Rxe‡bi e¨vL¨vZv| mgKvjxb wP‰vaviv,

we‡klZt gymwjg eyw×e„wË‡K m¤¢ve¨ c‡_i mÜvb w`‡qwQ‡jb wZwb| Zuvi

`k©b dii‡Li cÖZ¨q‡PZbv‡K we‡klfv‡e kvwbZ K‡i| wK‰‧ diiL Zuvi

hvÎv ïi K‡ib, m½Z mvwnwZ¨K HwZ‡nï Kvi‡YB, bRij Bmjv‡gi

DËivwaKvi wn‡m‡e| ejv cÖ‡qvRb †h, bRi‡ji Bmjvg PP©v BKev‡ji

g‡Zv Av`wk©K I `vk©wbKfv‡e wfwËkxj wQ‡jv bv| wZwb †P‡q‡Qb g~jZt

gvby‡li gvbweK †PZbv‡K D¾xweZ Ki‡Z| †mR‡b¨ Bmjvg wb‡q cÖPzi

†jLv‡jwL Kiv m‡Ë¡I †KD Zuv‡K Bmjvgx fveavivi Kwe e‡jb bv| wZwb

evsjv mvwn‡Zï g~javivq Zuvi Ae vb wbw`©ó K‡i wb‡q‡Qb|

diiL Avng` ïi Ki‡jb bRij †_‡KB, wK‰‧ bRi‡ji g‡Zv K‡i

bq, hwÌ Df‡qB gvbegyw³i cÖZ¨‡q avegvb| diiæL Avng` wk‡íi

cÖ‡qvR‡bB wb‡Ri Rb¨ ¯Z‰¿ c_ †K‡U wb‡jb Bmjv‡gi Ici c~Y© `vk©wbK

cÖZ¨q vcb Ges HwZ‡nï cybwb©g©vY K‡i| GRb¨ Zuv‡K AZxZ g‰‡b

†h‡Z n‡jv| AZxZPvwiZvi A_© †Kv‡bvµ‡gB AZxZgywLbZv bq| AvBwik

RvZxqZvev`x Av‡‱`vjb‡K D¾xweZ Ki‡Z BsivwR fvlvi gnvb Kwe

B‡qUm wbR¯ GKUv Kve¨RMr wbg©vY K‡iwQ‡jb Zzjbvq A‡bK Kg

¸iZ¡c~Y© †KwëK cyivZË¡, iƒcK_v, cyivY I wKse`‰xi wg‡k‡j, Ges

GBfv‡e GB me cyivZ‡Ë¡i iƒcK I cÖZx‡Ki cybg©~j¨vq‡bi ga¨ w`‡q wZwb

GKwU Ô ~ivkªqx my‱ì I my Rxebavivi ¯c′Õ cÖwZôv K‡iwQ‡jb| AZxZ

Zuvi Kíbvi m„wókxj wg_w®…qvq fwel¨‡Zi wfwËf~wg n‡q D‡VwQ‡jv| diiL

AvngÌ GB GKB cÖwµqv AbymiY K‡i‡Qb| wbR¯ Kve¨c_ wbg©v‡Yi

¯v‡_©, wbZv‰B mvwnwZ¨K cÖ‡qvR‡bi LvwZ‡iB, mgKv‡ji e¨vL¨v Ges

fwel¨‡Zi Kíiƒc‡K g~Z© Ki‡Z, Zv‡K AZxZPvix n‡Z n‡q‡Q| KviY,

Bmjv‡g †Kv‡bv cyivY ev iƒcK_v DcK_v †bB, hv Av‡Q Zvi meB cÖgvwYZ

BwZnvm, wb‡iU mZ¨| Kíbv I m„RbkxjZv w`‡q Zv‡K cybwb©g©vY Kiv

KwVb, nq‡Zv ev Am¤¢e, we‡kl K‡i dii‡Li g‡Zv Av`k©wbô gvby‡li


c‡¶ †Zv e‡UB| †m Kvi‡Y Zuv‡K Aej¤b Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q cuyw_ mvwnZ¨‡K,

hvi DcRxe¨ Avie¨ Kvwnbx, †m¸wj †KvbIµ‡gB ag©Kvwnbx bq, Zv ejvB

evûj¨| †mªd Avi‡ei Kvwnbx e‡j bq, G Kvwnbx Zuvi mvwnwZ¨K cÖ‡qvRb

†gUv‡e e‡jB wZwb Zv †e‡Q wb‡q‡Qb| wKQyUv cv_©K¨ _vK‡jI Rxebvb‱`

`vk‡KI Avgiv GKB fv‡e eZ©gvb‡K Avwe®‥vi Ki‡Z AZx‡Zi BwZnvm I

f~‡Mvj cwiågY Ki‡Z †`wL| weòz †` Ges mgi †m‡bi KweZvq cyivY

G‡m‡Q Zv‡ì Kve¨hvÎvi Awe‡Q`¨ Abym½ wn‡m‡e| AvaywbK KweZvi

cvVK gvÎB Rv‡bb cyivYhvÎv bZzb wKsev AvcwËKi †Kv‡bv welq bq|

ivgvqY, gnvfviZ, BwjqW, IwWwmi Awek¦vm¨ I Avwa‡f․wZK NUbv I

DcvL¨vb wb‡q mvwnZ¨PP©v‡K †KD `~lYxq g‡b K‡ib bv| kªxK…ò, ivav,

g_yiv, e„‱`veb, j¼v, †Kv‡bvUvB GB evsjvi bq| gvB‡Kj gaym~`b I

iex‱`ªbv_ †_‡K ïi K‡i K‡jvj †Mvôx ch©‰, ev Zvi c‡iI, †KDB GB me

cyivY I DcK_v‡K †mªd evsjvi bq e‡jB eR©bxq g‡b K‡ibwb| Kv‡eï

cÖ‡qvR‡bB Zvi eënvi K‡i‡Qb Zviv|

Zvn‡j wm‱`vev`, nv‡Zg ZvÕqx A¯ú„k¨ n‡e †Kb? cÖ_‡g dviwm I

Aviwe fvlvi Kj¨v‡Y Ges c‡i evsjv cuyw_mvwnZ¨ I BsivwR Abyev‡ì

gva¨‡g Avie¨ DcK_v¸‡jv mviv we‡k¦i g‡Zv G‡`‡kI kZ kZ eQi a‡i

PwP©Z n‡q Avm‡Q| ivgvqY-gnvfviZ G‡`‡ki Kvwnbx bv n‡qI ag©xq

HwZn¨ I PP©vi Kvi‡Y †hgb G‡`kx n‡q D‡V‡Q, †Zgwb, GKB Kvi‡Y,

Avie¨ DcK_vI Avi we‡`kx n‡q †bB| GKRb e‡ov Kwei Kv‡Q Avgv‡ì

cÖZ¨vkv GB †h, wZwb HwZn¨‡K cybwb©g©vY Ki‡eb Ges Zvi wfwË‡Z wbR¯

GKwU Kve¨RMr •Zwi Ki‡eb| Zvi fvlv, cÖZxK, iƒcK, Dcgv, Dr‡cÖ¶v,

evKfw½ Ges ¯c′Kíbv †`‡LB †hb Zv‡K wP‡b †bqv hvq GKwU ¯Z‰¿

wkí¯i wn‡m‡e| A_©vr Zv‡K Aek¨B GKwU wbR¯ Ô†cv‡qwUK wWKkbÕ ev

Kve¨fvlv M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e| bRij Øviv cÖv_wgKfv‡e cÖfvweZ n‡jI, Zvi

cÖfve ejq AwZµg‡Yi Rb¨ Rxebvb‱` `vk †hgb ïi K‡iwQ‡jb AZxZ

BwZnvm-f~‡Mvj cwiågY, wVK GKB Kvi‡Y diiL AvngÌ HwZn¨‡K

Avkªq K‡iwQ‡jb, hwÌ G `yB cwikªgx I m‡PZb Kwei c_ I j¶¨ wQ‡jv

wfb′| †Uwbm‡bi BDwjwm‡mi g‡ZvB GK Abe`¨ cÖZxKx m„wó dii‡Li

wm‱`vev`| ÔBDwjwm‡mi hvÎv Rxe‡bi AwfÁZvi c‡_, wm‱`vev‡ì hvÎv

Rxe‡bi D‡ËRbv I Avwe®‥v‡ii c‡_|Õ G AwfhvÎv fwel¨‡Zi w`‡KB,

fwel¨Z wbg©v‡Yi j‡¶¨B, bZzbZi Rxeb‡eva I ¯‡`kf~wgi mÜv‡b| GB

cÖZxKx mvwnwZ¨K hvÎv †Kv‡bv µ‡gB AZxZjM′Zv ev we‡`kgywLbZv bq|

bRi‡ji Kve¨PP©vq Bmjvgx fveaviv, cwigvY I ¸YMZ we‡ePbvq,

†Kv‡bv µ‡gB D‡c¶Yxq bq| gymwjg Rbgvb‡m Zvi cÖfveI wQ‡jv AZ¨‰

Mfxi| m½Z Kvi‡YB diiL‡K Zv we‡ePbvq wb‡Z nq Ges Zvi

DËivwaKvi n‡qI Zv‡K Avwe®‥vi Ki‡Z nq wfb′Zi c_| bRij e‡jb Ñ

bvB ZvÑR

ZvB jvÑR?

I‡i gymwjg, LR©yi-kx‡l †Zviv mvR!

KÕ‡i Zm&wjg ni& KzwY©‡k †kvi& Av-IqvR

†kvb& †Kvb gyS&`v †m DPv‡i Ô‡nivÕ AvR

aiv gvS|

DiR& q¨v‡gb& bR&` †nhvR& Zvnvgv BivK& kvg&

†g‡mi Igvb& wZnvivb ¯§wiÕ Kvnvi weivU bvg

c‡o Ômvjvjvû AvjvBwn mvjvg&!Õ

(dv‡Znv-B †`vqvR&`ng)

Ab¨w`‡K diiL Avng` e‡jbÑ

c~e©vP‡ji w`M‰ bx‡j †m Rv‡M kvnvb kv‡ni g‡Zv

Zvi ¯v¶i evZv‡mi Av‡M I‡o bxjv‡å AbeiZ|

Nyg fvO‡jv wK †n Av‡jvi cvLx? gnvbxwjgvq åvg¨gvY

ivwÎ-i× KÉ nÕ‡Z wK Si‡e Gevi w`‡bi Mvb?

... ... ...

AÜ iv‡Zi Zzwg bI bI, Zzwg bI g„Z weiZvi

me AvKv‡ki `~qvi Ly‡j‡Qv, Ly‡j‡Qv mKj g‡bi Øvi,

†Zvgvi Avmvi c_ †P‡q †P‡q Av‡e‡M mKj AvKvk Kuv‡c,

gy³ c¶, †n Av‡jv! Ab¨ aiYx †Zvgvi Avwef©v‡e|

(wmivRvg gybxiv)

bRij e‡jbÑ

wgbv‡i wgbv‡i ev‡R Avnevb Ñ

ÔAvR Rxe‡bi be DÌvb!Õ

k¼vniY RvwM‡Q †Rvqvb

Rv‡M ejnxb RvwM‡Q K¬xe&,

be Rxe‡bi be DÌvb Ñ

AvRvb dzKvwi Gm bKxe!

(bKxe)

diiL e‡jbÑ


GL‡bv †Zvgvi Avmgvb fiv †g‡N?

†mZviv †Zvgvi GL‡bv I‡Vwb †R‡M?

Zzwg gv¯‧‡j Avwg ùvo Uvwb fy‡j;

Amxg Kzqvkv Rv‡M k~b¨Zv †Nwi|


(cv‡Äix)

bRij e‡jbÑ

evjy †du‡o I‡V i³-m~h© dR‡ii †k‡l †`wL,

`ykgb&-Ly‡b jvj nÕ‡q I‡V Lv‡j`x Avgvgv GwK!


Lv‡j`! Lv‡j`! fvwO‡e bv wK I nvRvi eQix Nyg?

gvRvi awiqv dwiqv` K‡i we‡k¦i gRjyg!Ñ

(Lv‡j`)

diiL e‡jbÑ

GLb GLv‡b ivwÎ G‡m‡Q †b‡g,

Zey †`Lv hvq `~‡i eû`~‡i †nivi ivR‡ZviY,

GLv‡b GLb cÖej ¶zavq gvbyl DV‡Q †Ku‡c,

GLv‡b GLb ARmªaviv DV‡Q `yÕ‡PvL †Q‡c,

Zey †`Lv hvq `~‡i eû`~‡i †nivi ivR‡ZviY

... ... ... ...

†n gvwS! Gevi ZzwgI †c‡qv bv fq,

ZzwgI KzovI †nivi cw_K-ZviKvi we¯§q,

SiK G S‡o bvi½x cvZv, Zey cvZv AMYb

wfo K‡iÑ †h_v RvM‡Q AvKv‡k †nivi ivR-‡ZviY|

†m c‡_ hwÌ cvi n‡Z n‡e gi,

†m c‡_ hwÌ `wiqvi †bvbv cvwb

ZeyI †m c‡_ Av‡Q gwÄj, Rvwb Av‡Q QvqvZi

c‡_ Av‡Q wgVv cvwb|

(mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS)

bRij e‡jbÑ

cÖvPxi `~qv‡i ïwb Kj‡ivj mnmv wZwgi-iv‡Z

†g‡m‡ii †ki, wki, mg‡ki Ñ me †Mj GK mv‡_|

wmÜzi Mjv Rov‡q Kuvw`‡Q Ñ `yÕZx‡i jjvU nvwbÕ

QywUqv Pwj‡Q gi-we‡K․wj ÔbxjÕ `wiqvi cvwb!

(wPiÄxe RMjyj)

diiL e‡jbÑ

†K‡U‡Q iwOb gLgj w`b bZzb mdi AvR;

ïbwQ Avevi †bvbv `wiqvi WvK,

fv‡m †RviIqvi gD‡Ri wk‡i m‡d` Puvwì ZvR

cvnvo eyj‱` †XD e‡q Av‡b †bvbv `wiqvi WvK;

bZzb cvwb‡Z mdi Gevi †n gvwS wm‱`vev`|

... ... ...

†f‡O †d‡jv AvR Lv‡Ki ggZv AvKv‡k D‡V‡Q Puv`,

`wiqvi ey‡K `vgvj †Rvqvi fvO‡Q evjyi euva,

wQu‡o †d‡j AvR Av‡qkx iv‡Zi gLgj-Aemv`,

bZzb cvwb‡Z nvj Ly‡j `vI, †n gvwS wm‱`vev`!

(wm›`vev`)

wKsevÑ

wbkvb Avgvi! GKw`b Zywg †n `~Z Elvi

Lv‡j‡ì nv‡Z, Zv‡i‡Ki nv‡Z, nÕ‡qQ mIqvi

Dgi Avjxi nv‡Zi wbkvb bexRxi `vb,

Avgv‡ì Kv‡Q wbkvb †Zvgvi wkLv n‡jv ¤vb

Zzwg Av‡bv †di †nivi gv‡Vi gi mvBgyg,

fvOv Auvav‡ii wkLi, IovI RoZvi Nyg, ...

(wbkvb)

bRij I dii‡Li G iKg Av‡iv AmsL¨ KweZv ev KweZvsk‡K

cvkvcvwk †i‡L ejv hvq, `yR‡bi g‡a¨ welq‡PZbvi wgj _vK‡jI cÖZ¨q I

Av‡eM, kã Pqb, evKfw½ Ges m‡e©vcwi †h KíRMr Zviv wbg©vY K‡ib Zv

¯Z‱Î| bRij hLb e‡jb Ñ

Rv‡Mv I‡Vv gymwjg nuv‡Kv nvqìx nuvK

knx‡ì Ly‡b me jv‡j jvj n‡q hvK|

ZLb diiL e‡jb Ñ

`~qv‡i †Zvgvi mvZ mvM‡ii †Rvqvi G‡b‡Q †dbv|

Zey RvM‡j bv? Zey Zzwg RvM‡j bv?

... ... ...

†n bvweK!wgbwZ Avgvi iv‡Lvt

Zzwg D‡V G‡mv, Zzwg D‡V G‡mv gvwS-gvjv‡ì `‡j

†`L‡e †Zvgvi wKkwZ Avevi †f‡m‡Q mvMiR‡j,

bxj `wiqvq †hb †m c~Y© Puv`,

†gN-Zi½ †K‡U †K‡U P‡j †f‡½ P‡j me euva|

Z‡e Zzwg Rv‡Mv, KLb mKv‡j S‡i‡Q nvmbv‡nbv

GL‡bv †Zvgvi Nyg fvO‡jv bv? Zey Zzwg RvM‡j bv?

bRij hLb PveyK †g‡i RvwZ‡K RvMv‡Z Pvb, diiL ZLb RvwZi

gbb I Av‡e‡M RvM„wZ-¯ú„nvi cik eywj‡q †`b, my¯úóiƒ‡cB ï× wk‡íi

fvlv cÖ‡qvM K‡i| Gfv‡e, diiL Avng`, mvwnwZ¨K HwZn¨ we‡ePbvq,

bRi‡ji Kv‡Q FYx n‡qI wb‡Ri ¯Z‰¿ cwiPq‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb|

GwjqUx HwZnäviYv G iKg wkíx‡KB e‡ov Kwei gh©v`vq Awfwl³ K‡i|

KweZvq Aviwe-dviwm kã wKsev Bmjvwg Abyl‡½i eënvi ïay bRij

bq, eis ZviI Av‡M m‡Z¨‱`ªbv_ `Ë I †gvwnZjvj gRyg`vi Gi DPKÉ

D‡Øvab NwU‡qwQ‡jb| †gvwnZjvj e‡jb Ñ

Ôbvwì! bvwì!Õ

bvixi RV‡i Rb¥ wK †Zvi bq|

cvc-kqZvb Kznwi‡Q Kv‡b Kvcyil mskq|

Ly`vi ev‱`v Bbmvb †hB, bvB Zvi wb¯viÑ


wPevBqv Lv‡e Avcb KwjRvÑ hw` †m †d‡ikZvi

ÔAv‡Lix RgvbvÕ Ôw`‡bi wbkvbvÕ Zzwjev‡i Pvq awiÑ

gi‡Yi c‡i †`vR‡L bvwg‡e, `yevi Kwiqv gwi?

(bvwì kv‡ni RvMiY)

g~jZt Gme Aviwe-dviwm k‡ãi eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q a″wb-e¨Äbvi

¯v‡_©, G¸‡jv †Kv‡bv HwZn¨‡PZbv RvMvq bv, ev Avjv`v †Kv‡bv fve-

RM‡Zi Bw½Z †`q bv| GB Kwei m‡½ bRi‡ji †hgb, †Zgwb dii‡LiI

¯vZ‰¿¨ Lye my¯úó|

mvgyw`ªK wPÎKí dii‡Li Av‡MB †cÖ‡g‱`ª wg‡Îi KweZvq wewkó n‡q

aiv w`‡qwQ‡jv t

†mB me nviv‡bv c_ Avgv‡K Uv‡b;Ñ

†Kigv‡bi †bvbv gii Ici w`‡q

†Lvivkvb †_‡K ev`K&kvb,

cvwg‡ii Zzlvi-c„ô wWw½‡q, BqviK‱` †_‡K †LvUvb|

kªv‰ D‡Ui cv‡q-cv‡q †hLv‡b D‡o‡Q gii evwj,

Pgix Ly‡i †j‡M‡Q eid-Mjv Kv`v|

... ... ...

¯c′ †`wL †m-c‡_i

A vPj DËxY© n‡q AvMvgx Kv‡ji cv‡bÑ

¯c′ †hLv‡b wbf©xK,

e„‡×i †Pv‡L wkïi we¯§q;

c„w_ex‡Z DÏvg yi‰ kvw‰||

(c_)

wKsev,

ïwb Rvnv‡Ri WvK my`~i e‱`‡i,

Wv‡K mviv ivZ|

mvov †`q bvÕZ, Iiv Z Nygvq, Z‡e,

Zzwg Avwg †Kb ev Aw i|

... ... ...

Rvbvjv iwaqv `vI,

RvnvR WvwKqv hvK

my`~i e‱`‡i|

w`M‰-wccvmv hw`

wKQy‡Z bv †g‡U, Z‡e,

Gm LuywR `yÕRbvi †Pv‡L|

(Rvnv‡Ri WvK)

†cÖ‡g‡‱`ªi mdi wbZv‰B AvZ¥MZ, Gi j¶¨ e¨w³gvb‡mi Z…wß, mgy`ª

bvweK Zuv‡K AvKl©Y Ki‡jI †kl ch©‰ wZwb gvwUi N‡ii †cÖ‡gi eÜb

wQuo‡Z cv‡ib bv| wK‰‧ dii‡Li bvweK wm‱`vev` Rxeb-mÜv‡b Akªv‰,

Avb‱` I D‡ËRbv Avwe®‥v‡ii AwfhvÎvq g„wËKvi ggZv †Q‡o GK mgy`ª

†_‡K Av‡iK mgy‡`ª cvwo Rgv‡Z DrmyKÑ

mgy`ª †_‡K mgy‡`ª †Nv‡i `wiqvi mv`v ZvRx ...

Zzdv‡bi gvV cvwo †Ìqv Zvi G Kx `yi‰ †bkv|

(wm›`vev`)

Av‡iv ¯úó K‡i wZwb e‡jb Ñ

gaïv‡Î Nyg †f‡½ hvq

`~i mgy‡`ªi WvK ïwbÕ

(†hb †g‡N †g‡N Pvcv `„p eRª¯‡i)

Z…wlZ ebvbx-e¶ †gvi|

†n bvweK! †n gvwS wm‱`vev`

†f‡½ †d‡jv cwiwPZ g„wËKvi †Wvi|

(mmvMivt mIMvZ Ñ •PÎ 1351)

Rxebvb‱` `v‡ki cyivYhvÎvI †kl ch©‰ M„ngyLx, AvZ¥MZ †cÖ‡gB Zvi

cwiYwZ| Rxe‡bi me †jb‡`b wgwU‡q AÜKv‡i ebjZv †m‡bi gy‡LvgywL

emvi gv‡SB Kwe Avcb Ae vb I ¯w¯Í Luy‡R cvb| †m․‱`h©‡ev‡ai G GK

beZi Dcjwä| wZwb e‡jb Ñ

nvRvi eQi a‡i Avwg c_ nuvwU‡ZwQ c„w_exi c‡_,

wmsnj mgy ª †_‡K wbkx‡_i AÜKv‡i gvjq mvM‡i

A‡bK Ny‡iwQ Avwg, wew¤mvi A‡kv‡Ki a~mi RM‡Z

†mLv‡b wQjvg Avwg; Av‡iv `~i we`f© bM‡i;

... ... ...

me cvwL N‡i Av‡mÑ me b`xÑ dzivq G-Rxe‡bi me †jb‡`b;

_v‡K ïay AÜKvi, gy‡LvgywL ewmevi ebjZv †mb|

(ebjZv †mb)

†K GB ebjZv? Kwe wb‡RB hLb e‡jbÑ

Pzj Zvi K‡eKvi AÜKvi wew`kvi wbkv,

gyL Zvi kªve xi KviKvh©; ...

ZLb Kwei HwZn¨‡PZbv wP‡b wb‡Z Avgv‡ì Avi Amywe‡a nq bv,

Ges Avgiv Zvi wkí-‡m․‱`h©‡eva‡KI mn‡RB Avwe®‥vi Ki‡Z cvwi hv

dii‡Li †_‡K m¤ú~Y© wfb′| †h welv`gq Zb¥qZv Rxebvb‡‱ì AeavwiZ

•ewkó¨, dii‡L KL‡bv KL‡bv Zvi QvqvcvZ j¶¨‡hvM¨ n‡jI Zv‡ì

¯c′Kíbv KL‡bv GKgyLx nqwb|


weòz †`-i bvwqKviv myax‱`ªbv‡_i bvwqKv‡ì g‡Zv we‡`wkbx, Bs‡iR I

divkx| eû we‡`kx MÖ‰, vb I cyiv‡Yi D‡jL i‡q‡Q Zvi KweZvq| Zvi

cyivY-wP‰v dii‡Li g‡ZvB e¨w³‡Kw‱`ªKZv‡K AwZµg K‡i, wK‰‧ Zv

mgvRev`x cÖZ¨‡qi Ici ùvov‡Z Pvq| c‡i Zvi m‡½ hy³ n‡qwQ‡jv †cÖg I

†`kRZv| †cÖg I †`kRZv dii‡Li g‡aÏ wQ‡jv, hwÌ Zv g~j cÖeYZv

wn‡m‡e †`Lv †`qwb|

GB msw¶ß Zzjbvg~jK ch©v‡jvPbv †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h, welq‡PZbv,

cÖZ¨q I wkífvebvi w`K †_‡K diiL Avng` A‡b‡Ki Kv‡QB FYx, Avi

†mUvB ¯vfvweK, wK‰‧ wZwb G‡ZvUvB cÖwZfvevb, wkw¶Z I cwikªgx wQ‡jb

†h, wZwb Zvi wb‡Ri R‡b¨ GKwU ¯Z‰¿ Kwefvlv I Kve¨RMr m„wó Ki‡Z

†c‡i‡Qb| evsjv mvwn‡Zï Ab¨Zg e‡ov Kwe wn‡m‡e Zvi Ae vb

mycÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Q|

dii‡Li cÖZ¨q‡PZbv Z_vKw_Z Kv‡qgx ag©xq wbM‡o Ave× wQ‡jv bv|

wZwb †`‡L‡QbÑ

1.

Akv‰ c„w_ex AvR, ... kvw‰nviv gvby‡li gb

e¨waMÖ | evwn‡ii Avo¤i A_ev †R․jyl

gywQ‡Z cv‡i bv GB gi‡Yi K`h© Kjyl;

cv‡i bv mv‰¡bv w`‡Z Zv‡K Avi MwZi ¯ú‱`b|

(AkvšÍ c„w_ex)

2.

wnsmª ¶zavZzi ivwÎ AvR`vnvi gZ KzÛjx‡Z

wN‡i‡Q mnmª cv‡K c„w_ex| ...

... ... ...

GK AÜKvi hw` †kl nq Z‡e NbZi

ivwÎi Zi½ †g‡N †b‡g Av‡m cÖMvp Avuvavi

(mviv eyK †P‡c a‡i RMÏj cv_‡ii gZ!)

A_ev †Qve‡j Zvi Zbygb K‡i †m `skb evisevi;

ARMi †eóbx‡Z G c„w_ex Kuv‡c _‡iv_‡iv|

(wnsmª ¶zavZzi ivwÎ)

3.

†mLv‡b c‡_i cv‡k gyL Muy‡R c‡o Av‡Q Rwg‡bi Õci;

... ... ...

cvk w`‡q P‡j hvq mw¾Z wckvP, bvix, bi ...

... ... ...

‣ckvwPK †jvf

Kwi‡Q we‡jvc

kvk¦Z gvbe-mËv, gvby‡li cÖvc¨ AwaKvi,

¶zwaZ gy‡Li MÖvm †K‡o †bq iwaqv `yqvi ...

(jvk)

wZwb GB duvcv gvbeZvwe‡ivax †kvlK mgv‡Ri Aemvb †P‡q‡Qb

A‡bKUv bRi‡ji g‡Zv ivMx fvlvqÑ

†n Ro mf¨Zv!

g„Z-mf¨Zvi `vm ùxZ‡g` †kvlK mgvR!

gvby‡li Awfkvc wb‡q hvI AvR!

Zvici Avwm‡j mgq

wek¦gq,

†Zvgvi k„LjMZ gvsmwc‡Ê c`vNvZ nvwbÕ

wb‡q hve Rvnvb′vg ØvicÖv‡‰ UvwbÕ,

AvR GB DrcxwoZ g„Zz¨-`xY© wbwL‡ji Awfkvc eIt

a″sm nI,

Zzwg a″sm nI||

(jvk)

GB ywf©¶cxwoZ, A‣bwZK I Drcxob-wK¬ó c„w_ex‡K Ônv‡e`v giÕi

cÖZx‡K Gu‡K Zvi cwieZ©b Kvgbv K‡i‡Qb wZwbÑ

†hb ewÂZ ewb Av`‡gi GB `xN©k¦vm

iƒc wb‡Z cv‡i kvw‰i cÖk¦v‡m,

†hb GB Z…lvZß nv‡e`vi gi gvV

Avevi n‡Z cv‡i

my‱ì kvw‰gq gvwUi Rvb′vZ

`ywbqvi mKj gvby‡li R‡b¨

`ywbqvi mKj gvbexi R‡b¨|

(nv‡e`v giæi Kvwnbx)

cuywRev`x I Roev`x mf¨Zvi wecix‡Z Zvi AvKvv gvbeZvev`x¶

mgvRÑ

AvR‡K Dgi-c‰x c_xi w`‡K w`‡K cÖ‡qvRb

wc‡V †evSv wb‡q cvwo †`‡e hviv cÖv‰i cÖvY-cY,

Eli iv‡Zi Abvev`x gv‡V djv‡e dmj hviv,

w`K-w`M‡‰ Zv‡ì LuywRqv wdwi‡Q me©nviv|

GB me©nviv‡ì ÎvZv wn‡m‡eB diiL Zvi Abe`¨ `yB cÖZxKx bvqK

Ôwm‱`vev`Õ I Ônv‡Zg ZvÕqxÕi cwiKíbv K‡i‡Qb| Zvi Awfe¨w³i cÖKvk

Ggbt

†h-c‡_i a~wjgv‡S cZvKv mv‡gï

DVv‡q‡Q Ea″©wki, †m-c‡_ Avgvi

Aviä Rxeb|

gvwS wm‱`vev`

†m-c‡_i †iLv awiÕ K‡iv Awfhvb|


Bmjvg I gymwjg BwZnv‡mi wekvj cUf~wgB dii‡Li wePiY‡¶Î|

GLv‡b †`k-gnv‡`‡ki †Kv‡bv mxgvbv †bB| Zvic‡iI Kwe †h-gvwUi Ici

ùvwo‡q G †i‡bmuvi evYx DPviY K‡ib †mB ¯‡`kf~wgi K_v †fvjv Zvi

c‡¶ KL‡bvB m¤¢e nq bv| ¯‡`‡ki wbmM© Avi Av`k©‡K wZwb †gjv‡Z

PvB‡ebB| diiL gvb‡mI Zvi cÖwZQwe j¶¨‡hvM¨| wZwb e‡jb Ñ

AvDl av‡bi †`‡k gw`bvi †m․if fvi

So •ekv‡L Rv‡Mv wbf©xK, Rv‡Mv wbksK †njvj Avevi|

nI cÖwZô AvKv‡k AvKv‡k wbkvb Avgvi, wbkvb Avgvi|

(wbkvb)

H GKB KweZvq wZwb Av‡iv e‡jbÑ

AvDl av‡bi †`‡k gw`bvi i³‡Mvjvc

mKj Avkvi c~Y©Zv wb‡q †gj‡e Kjvc|

diiL Avng` m¤¢eZt evsjv mvwn‡Zï me©vwaK msL¨K m‡b‡Ui

iPwqZv| me ai‡bi m‡bUB wZwb wj‡L‡Qb| mse×Zv, FRyZv, `„pZv,

e³‡eï Zx¶èZv, kã, Q‱`, cÖZxK I wPÎKí eënv‡ii gywÝqvbvq Zvi

AwaKvsk m‡bU evsjv KweZvi Ag~j¨ m¤ú`| wZwb Kve¨bvU¨ (†b․‡dj I

nv‡Zg) wj‡L‡Qb, iPbv K‡i‡Qb gnvKve¨ (nv‡Zg ZvÕqx)| G `ywU

`ytmvnwmK Kv‡e¨ gvbeZvi †h myi Ges gbyl¨‡Z¡i †h e‱`bv KxwZ©Z n‡q‡Q,

Zv Zvi mgMÖ KweZviB g~j myi| ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ diiL Avng‡ì

cÖ_g wK‰‧ me©‡kªô KweZvMÖ‰| nv‡Zg ZvÕqx‡KI A‡b‡K Gi m‡½ hy³

Ki‡Z Pvb| evsjv mvwn‡ZÏ G `yÕwU MÖ‰ Ab¨Zg †kªô iPbvi gh©v`v

†c‡q‡Q| wbmM© I †cÖg welqK KweZvI cÖPzi wj‡L‡Qb diiL Avng`| Ô†n

eb¨ ¯‡c′ivÕ, Ôgyn~‡Z©i KweZvÕ Ges Ôw`jievÕ Kve¨MÖ‰¸‡jvq RxebgywLbZv,

†`kRZv I †cÖ‡gi Ac~e© wb`k©b Dcw Z hv Zv‡K Ab¨Zi cwiP‡q Awfwl³

Ki‡Z cv‡i| G¸‡jv wb‡q h‡_ó wePvi-we‡klY GL‡bv nqwb|

diiæL Avng` Rxe‡b I Kv‡e¨ †h cÖZ¨q‡PZbvi D‡b¥l NwU‡q‡Qb, †h

¯c′-Kíbvi RMr M‡o‡Qb, Zv gvbegyw³i j‡ÿ¨ DrmvwiZ| wK‰‧ KL‡bv

wk‡íi `vwe‡K A¯xKvi K‡iwb| †m Kvi‡YB Av`k©wbô I cÖZ¨q`xß,

ÔAvwj‡di g‡Zv mUvbÕ wbiv‡cvl gnr gvbyl n‡qI wZwb e‡ov Kwe n‡Z

†c‡i‡Qb|

†jLK cwiwPwZ t Dc-cÖavb wPwKrmK, wPwKrmv †K›`ª, ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vjq, ivRkvnx,

wewkó †jLK I K_vwkíx|

diiæL Avng` t Kwe-gvbm †PZbv

Lyikx` Avjg evey

evsjv Kv‡e¨ AvaywbKZvi Av‡‱`vwjZ µvw‰ÍKvj m¤‡Ü hvuiv AewnZ

Av‡Qb, ZvuivB Rv‡bb, wK we¯§qKi GK RwUj `~‡eva©¨ cvwicvwk¦©KZvi

†fZi‡`k AwZµg Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q †mB mg¯Í Kwe-bwek‡ì, hvuiv mgq‡K

ms‡køwlZ K‡i‡Qb Zvu‡ì Kv‡eï cswZwbP‡q| mvwnZ¨‡K hw` Avgiv

mg‡qi, Rxe‡bi Avqbvi cvi`gq Rvgv-Kvco bv‡g AwfwnZ Kwi, Zvn‡j

Avgv‡ì †mB mgmvgwqKxi •ewkó¨‡K †LvuRvi ga¨ w`‡q AMÖmi nIqvi

`vqfvi enb Ki‡Z n‡e| Dbwesk kZvãxi ïiæ‡Z we‡k¦i Zver e„nr †`k

hLb G‡K Ac‡ii mv‡_ msNl©wjáy A_©vr †eiwmK c„w_exi †fZi‡gvnbvq

Av‡jvwoZ n‡Q cÖ_g wek¦hy‡×i Ziw½Z †XD, 1917 mv‡j ivwkqvi

ej‡kwfK wecø‡ei mdjZg mgvwß; Avi †mB mdjZvi Avu‡Pi cÖ`v‡n

Av‡jvwoZ civaxb fviZe‡l©i gvbyl I KweKzj; †mB µvw‰ÍKvj fviZe‡l©i

Ab¨vb¨ RvwZ‡K wb‡R‡ì ¯KxqZvi cv`cx‡V nvwRi Ki‡jI gymjgvb‡ì

†fZ‡i Ae vb KiwQ‡jv ¯vfvweK gvbmmsKU, †h gvbmmsK‡Ui PvwiwÎK

•ewkó¨ A ¢zZ Av`‡j Mov| cÖ_gZt gymjgvb m¤úª`vq G kZvãxi cÖ_g

ch©vq †_‡KB wb‡R‡ì RvMiZv Abyfe Ki‡jI AvaywbKZvi Avn″v‡b

wØavmsKzwPZ| wØZxqZt cÖPÛ iÿYkxj gvbwmKZv Bmjv‡gi R½g Rxeb‡K

MÖvm K‡i DwÌZ n‡q‡Q GK ai‡bi DMÖgq cwi‡ek; Zv m‡Ë¡I Avgv‡ì

†m․fvM¨ †h cÖwZK~jZvi cÖevngvb avivq gymjgvb‡ì †fZi‡`‡k ey×‡è

emy Kw_Z iYex evwR‡q •n •n K‡i Nyg fvw½‡q Avwef©~Z n‡jb GKRb Kwe,

wZwb n‡jb †h․eb mv¤ªv‡Rï hyeivR KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg| Amvgvb¨

Kvwe¨K cÖwZfv, †h․e‡b RvZ †ev‡nwgqvb, e ‧ c„w_exi Zxeª ev¯ÍeZvi

AvNv‡Z whwb KvZi, Avevi KL‡bv †cÖggq Rxe‡bi RwUj e¨_vZzi ü`‡qi

Av‡eM-‡¯ªv‡Zi engvb B‱`ªRvjhy³ cyiæl| Zvui cÖwZfvi cÖ¾¡j‡bi wkLvq

RvMwiZ n‡Z _v‡K gymwjg mgvR; †mB Avkvev‡ì eivfq ey‡K cy‡i

gymjgvb RvwZ Abyfe Ki‡jv Avï gyw³i cÖ‡qvRb; KviY Zviv Av‡Mi †P‡q

A‡bK †ekx cwigv‡Y Bs‡i‡Ri K ~U-†K․wU‡j¨ cÖZvwiZ; ZLb mg‡qi wb¯‥vg

`vgx n‡q DV‡jv ¯v‡`wkK f‚wg|

Avm‡j c„w_exi cwi‡ek Avg~j e`‡j hvwQ‡jv, yB gnvhy‡×i AwM′

cv_‡ii msN‡l© gymjgvbiv Zv‡ì ¯c′ ev¯ÍevwqZ Kivi Rb¨ HwZnvwmK

wbq‡g Ae‡k‡l AvZ¥wbq‰¿Yev`x Av‡‱`vjb ïiæ Ki‡jv (Dw³wUi `vex`vi :

KvRx Ave`yj I`y`) hvi Ab¨Zg jÿ¨ ¯v‡`wkK f‚wg AR©b| Avwg Av‡MB


D‡jøL K‡iwQ mvwn‡Z¨‡K hw` Avgiv mg‡qi Avqbvi Rvgv-Kvco e‡j

AwfwnZ Kwi, Zvn‡j GKwU welq Aek¨B †MvPi‡hvM¨ Zv n‡jv me©fviZxq

cvwicvwk¦©K ms¯‥…wZi LwÛZ m¼xY©Zvi w`KwU| GB †PZbvgq `vexi mg_©‡bi

w`Kwb‡`k©bvhy³ `yBRb Kwei Avgiv mvÿvZ cvB; Zv‡ì GKRb n‡jb

KvRx bRiæj Dmjvg, AciRb D`©y mvwn‡Z¨ ¯v‡`wkKZvi iƒcKvi cÖv‡Pï

gnvb `vk©wbK Avjøvgv BKevj| Aek¨ GB `yB gnvb Kwei g‡a¨

mvhyR¨gqZvi †P‡q AmvhyR¨B †ekx| cÖ_gZt bRiæj Bmjvg‡K Avgiv

KL‡bv Bmjv‡gi Avcv`g¯ÍK Kwe bv‡g AvL¨vwqZ Ki‡Z cvwibv- Zvu‡K

wn‱ y gymjgvb m¤úª`v‡qi wgj‡bi AMÖ`~Z ejv hyw³msMZ A_P we¯§‡qi

Dcjwä GB †h, Ò†gviv GKwU e„‡‰Í `ywU dzjÓ GB gvbwmKv I Kg©cÖ‡Póv

e¨_©Zvq ch©ewmZ n‡qwQj ZvI jÿYxq| cÿv‰Í‡i BKev‡ji cªv_wgK

Kve¨hvÎvi cÖviw¤¢K Kvj ev‡` Zvui Kv‡eï wekvj Ask e¨wqZ n‡q‡Q

gymwjg RvwZi RvMi‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨| Bmjv‡gi AZxZ (g~jZt Lyjvdv‡q

iv‡k`xb) kvmb eë¯vi cÖwZ mg_©wbK gZvgZ Ges †mB Av`‡k©i m‡½

¯v‡`wkK f~wgi mvhyR¨, Bmjv‡gi RqhvÎv, AZxZ NUbvejx I gbxlx‡ì

gnË¡ wPÎvq‡bi †fZi Dfq Kwe †P‡qwQ‡jb gymjgvb‡ì KvswLZ

beRvMiY, GKv‡R Bmjvg‡K nvwZqviiƒ‡c eënvi K‡iwQ‡jb| Gw`K

†_‡K BKev‡ji Ae`vb bRiæj Bmjv‡gi PvB‡Z Kg, BKev‡ji

gbbkxjZv, `vk©wbKmyjf `„wóf½x mvaviY gymjgvb‡ì AvqË ewnf©~Z n‡q

D‡VwQ‡jv hv bRiæj Bmjvg Zvui gvbeZvev`x Ac~e© RvMiYx Mvb I KweZvq

Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb eûj cwigv‡Y| A_P Zv‡Z †Kvbfv‡eB

mv¤úª`vwqKZvi †Qvuqv wQ‡jv bv; hwÌ ZrKvjxb weÿzä cwi‡e‡k A‡b‡KB

Zv‡ì‡K AvL¨vwqZ K‡iwQ‡jb AvZ¥wbq‰¿Yev`x A_ev mv¤úª`vwqK bv‡g|

wK‰‧ AvR‡Ki g~j¨vq‡b Zv †h m¤ú~Y© wecixZ e„‡‰Í Ae¯vb Ki‡Q Zv ejvB

evûj¨| cwðg evsjvi wewkó Kwe kL †Nvl hLb e‡jb, ÒBwZnvm‡K hviv

fz‡j hvq Zvu‡ì `y`©kv †h wd‡i wd‡iB Av‡m GB Avh© evK¨ wbðq Avgv‡ì

†PZbvejxi KvR K‡i hvq| GUv wK mZ¨ bq †h G‡`‡ki wfb′

m¤úª`vq¸wji wek¦v‡mi †PZbvi †e`bvi DrmgyL¸wj wb‡q fve‡Z Pvbwb

A‡bK mgq G‡`‡kiB msL¨v¸iæ gvby‡liv? iex‱`ªbv_ hw` bZzb mf¨Zvi

web¨v‡mi K_v fve‡Z wM‡q Z‡cve‡bi fviZe‡l©i eY©bv Ki‡Z cv‡ib, hw`

cyivY ev Dcwbl‡ì bvbv †køv‡K cÖkªq ‡Lvu‡Rb ev‡i ev‡iB Zvu‡K wK Avgiv

mv¤úª`vwqK fvwe ZLb? Z‡e †Kb BKevj fve‡Z cvi‡eb bv †Kviv‡bi

g‡a¨ †_‡K †M‡Q A‡bK mgvav‡bi m~Î?Ó (†Kb BKevj : k•L †Nvl; kvi`xq

hyMvšÍi 1395; c„.-8|)

Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbvi Ab¨Zg cÖwZcv`¨ n‡jv GKwU RvwZi µvw‰ÍKvj‡K

GB yB Kwei mve©ÿwYK f‚wgKv Zvu‡ì mgKvjxb gymwjg mgvR‡K Kxfv‡e

D‡ØvwaZ K‡iwQ‡jv Zv †`Lv‡bv|

g‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb GB ¸‡gvU cwi‡e‡ki A¯QZvq diiæL Avng‡ì

Avwef©ve, †h jM′wU †gv‡UI myL` bq, AvZ¨w‰ÍK mxgvnxb ZvÛ‡ei Dcv‰Í

mgq| GB `yB Kwei m„wó †Kw‱`ªKZvi cÖfvehy³ n‡q evsjv Kve¨ cwiµgvq

diiæL Avng‡ì Avwef©ve, we¯§‡qi welq GB †h AvRxeb wekvj

Kve¨fvÛv‡ii †fZ‡i †h wZbwU weijcÖR cÖe‡Üi mÜvb cvIqv hvq| Zvi

†fZi GKwU bRiæj Ges Ab¨wU BKevj m¤úwK©Z wP‰Ív fvebvq KxY©|

BKev‡ji gvbm cÖeYZvi mv‡_ GKÎxf‚Z n‡qI diiæL Avng` †Kvb

µ‡gB ¯v‡`wkK f‚wg AR©bKvix‡ì mvg_©wbK cvwK Ívbev`x Kwe bb; eis

wZwb Kvwe¨K welq A‡_© GKRb weï× Kwe; †h Kwei †g․j cÖeYZv m`v

me`©v DZz½ m„wókxjZvq ågYPvix; Zv m‡Ë¡I GB cÖwZfvevb Kwe‡K Zvui

DÌvb mwÜKvj‡K †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q wÎwea cÖfve‡K; GB wÎwea

cÖfvemg~Pq‡K Avgiv cwi®‥vi GB fv‡e mvwR‡q wb‡Z cvwi t

cÖ_gZt iex‱`ªbv_, bRiæj GgbwK wZwi‡ki Acwimxg cÖfvemÂvix

cÂ Kwe ZLbI c~Y© gvÎvq m„wókxj; †mB cÖfve Gwo‡q Zvu‡K †ivRMvi K‡i

wb‡Z n‡q‡Q Ggb GKwU wbR¯ Kvwe¨K fvlv, GgbwK welqe ‧I, hv Aek¨

diiæL-c~e© evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ bZzb bq, KviY iex‱`ª cÖfve Gov‡Z mvgyw`ªK

`~ivPvixi iYbSbZv †cÖ‡g‱`ª wgÎ (†KvjKvZv Rxe‡b GB Kwei KweZv

diiæL cQ‱` Ki‡Zb|) Ges †gvwnZjvj gRyg`v‡ii Kve¨ kÖæZ n‡qwQ‡jv;

wK‰‧ Zv †Kvb µ‡gB GKwU RvZxq Avkv-AvKvsLvi †fZi †`‡k †e`bvi

KviæKv‡h©¨ LwPZ nqwb, e ‧Zt gymwjg cyiv‡Yi mswgkÖ‡Y †h cwi‡ek diiæL

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mdjZv AR©‡b GKRb D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Kwe|2

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On the Maji’ -KweZvwU Zvi Ab¨Zg|

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a¨vbgM′ I gvbweK RvMi‡Yi gnvbvqK wn‡m‡e| Z uv‡K ejv n‡jv KvjRqx

gvbeZvevw` I kw³gvb †ivgvw‱UK Kwe| Bmjvgx †i‡bmuvi Kwe|

Zuv‡K Rvb‡Z n‡j Zvi RxebK_vI LvwbKUv Rvbv ìKvi| eZ©gv‡bi

gv¸iv †Rjvi (mv‡eK h‡kvi) gvSAvBj MÖv‡g GK m¤£v‰ gymwjg cwiev‡i

1918 mv‡ji 10 Ryb Kwe diiL Avn&g‡ì Rb¥| hwÌ wZwb wcZvgvZvi

wØZxq cyÎ, Z‡e ci ci wZb †ev‡bi ci cweÎ ighv‡bi cÖ_g iv‡Z Zvi

Rb¥| GB Zvrch©gq w`‡b R‡b¥i Lywk‡Z evwoi A‡b‡K †mw`b †m‡nix bv

†L‡qB †ivhv †i‡LwQ‡jb| cweÎ ighv‡bi Puvìv‡Z R‡b¥i Kvi‡Y Zvi `v`x

Zvi bvg ivL‡jb ighvb| Avi wcZv Lvb mv‡ne •mq` nv‡Zg Avjx ivL‡jb

ÔdiiLÕ| Zvi G bv‡gi A_© Ô†m․fvMëvbÕ| AvwKKv †k‡l Zvi cy‡iv bvg

ivLv n‡jv •mq` diiL Avn&g`|

Z‡e yt‡Li K_v nj- diiL Avn&g‡ì eqm hLb gvÎ Qq eQi, ZLb

Zvi cÖvYwcÖq gvZv iIkb AvLZvi B‡‰Kvj K‡ib| gv‡K nvwi‡q wZwb Zvi

`v`xi Kv‡Q gvbyl n‡Z _v‡Kb| `v`xi Avì Zv‡K wN‡i wQj| dii‡LiI

wkï‡Zvl hZ PcjZv Avi yi‰cbv wQ‡jv `v`x‡KB wN‡i| GK mKv‡j †`Lv

†Mj diiL DavI| A‡bK †LuvRvLuywRi ci Zv‡K gyiwMi evPv ch©‡e¶YiZ

Ae¯vq cvIqv †Mj †P․wKi wb‡P| Zvi GB `k©b`vwii K_v Rvb‡Z PvIqv

n‡jv| wZwb mvd mvd Rvwb‡q w`‡jb- gyiwMi evPv †`L‡Z Lye fvj jv‡M|

GKw`b Zvi `v`x dii‡Li weQvbvq A‡bK¸‡jv wWg Avwe®‥vi

Ki‡jb| wZwb dii‡Li Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb, weQvbvq GZ wWg G‡jv

†Kv‡Ì‡K? Agwb dii‡Li †mvRv Reve- Ôwc‡Vi Zjvq wWg wRB‡qwQjvg

evPv †dvUvevi Rb¨Õ|

Zvi G †LqvjxcbvB wkïKvj †_‡K Zvi gv‡S GKUv Avjv`v •ewkó¨

G‡b w`‡qwQj| hv wQj Avi `kwU mvaviY wkïi †_‡K wfb′Zi|

wZwb ¯‥zj-Rxe‡bB †jLv‡jwLi w`‡K g‡bvwb‡ek K‡ib| we`¨vj‡q

wk¶K wn‡m‡e Kwe †Mvjvg †gv¯dv, K_vmvwnwZ¨K Aveyj dRj Ges Kwe

Aveyj nvwk‡gi gZ e¨w³‡ì †m′nab¨ nb| Zv‡ì †m′nvkxl wK‡kvi †ejv

†_‡K diiL‡K Kwe wn‡m‡e M‡o DV‡Z †cÖiYv †hvMvq| Z‡e Kwe diiL

Avn&g‡ì mvwnZ¨ PP©vi gyL¨ Aby‡cÖiYvq wQ‡jb Z uvi PvPv •mq` Kv‡Rg

Avjx| Zuvi eofvB •mq` wmwÏK AvngÌ mvwnZ¨ PP©v Ki‡Zb|

diiL Avn&g` K¬v‡m, Kwi‡Wv‡i, Uªv‡g, iv¯vq, †`vKv‡b, †i‡ viuvq

†hLv‡b †mLv‡b mvwnZ¨ PP©v Pvjv‡Zb| Zvi cvÄvexi c‡K‡U _vK‡Zv Kjg,

KvMR Avi wK¯ xUzwc| Avi Gfv‡eB wZwb †e‡o DV‡Z _v‡Kb| 1940 mv‡j

Kwe diiL Avn&g` m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c Bmjvgx fveavivq wb‡R‡K mgc©Y K‡ib|

1944 mv‡ji K_v| B÷BwÛqv †Kv¤úvwb bv‡g Bs‡iR †ewbqv †Mvôx

†MvUv fvi‡Zi ey‡K wbh©vZ‡bi huvZvKj Pvwj‡q hv‡Q| Avgv‡ì RvwZi

Nv‡o Iiv ZLb AvjvDwÏ‡bi †mB •`‡Zï g‡Zv mIqvi n‡q e‡m‡Q|

m½ZKvi‡YB Avgiv ZLb civaxb RvwZ| †hb ÔKvivi H †j․n Kcv‡UiÕ

A‰iv‡j nv‡Z-cv‡q wkKj civ GKwU Amnvq RvwZ| diiL Avn&g` GB

k„LwjZ Rxeb‡K †g‡b wb‡Z cv‡ibwb| Zvi cwi¯‥vi K_vÑ G wkKj

wQuo‡Z n‡e| Avi GRb¨ cª‡qvRb GK SuvK `ytmvnmx bI‡Rvqv‡bi| ZvB

GwM‡q G‡jb Kwe diiL Avng`| †mB wkKj †Quovi D`vË Avnevb wb‡qB

cÖKvk Ki‡jb Zuvi cÖ_g KweZvi eB ÒmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÓ|

†`kvZ¥‡ev‡ai aviv‡jv evYx, Mfxi fve, fvlv, myi I Q‡‱` eBwU

AmvaviY| AvaywbK evsjv Kv‡e¨ G GK Awfbe m¤ú`| nvRvi eQ‡ii


HwZ‡n¨ jvwjZ Avengvb evsjvi MÖvg-MÖvgv‰‡ii gvby‡li cwiwPZ fvlv‡K

wZwb Zuvi GB Kve¨MÖ‡‰ my‡i, Q‡‱`, gvayixgq K‡i Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| Gme

KweZv c‡o cvVK nvwi‡q hvq ¯c′-iv‡R¨, n‡q I‡V GK GKRb `ytmvnmx

wm‱`vev`| wZwb hLb e‡jbÑ

Ôcvj Zz‡j `vI SvÊv DovI wm‱`vev`Õ|

ZLb mwZ¨ mwZ¨ Ny‡gi †Nvi †f‡O kvwY‡q D‡V `ykg‡bi mvg‡b eyK

wPwZ‡q uvovq ¯vaxbZvi •mwb‡Kiv| jy‡Uiv †ewbqv‡ì‡K wPiw`‡bi R‡b¨

GB cweÎ Rb¥f~wg †Q‡o †h‡Z eva¨ Ki‡Z cÖvYcY msMÖv‡g wjß nq|

¯vaxbZvi •mwbK‡ì D‡Ïk¨ K‡iB Kwe D`vË K‡É Avn″vb Rvwb‡q‡QbÑ

ÔwQu‡o †d‡jv AvR Av‡qkx iv‡Zi gLgj Aemv`

bZzb cvwb‡Z nvj Ly‡j `vI †n gvwS wm‱`vev`Õ|

1946 mv‡j mviv fvi‡Z `v½v Qwo‡q c‡o| GB `v½vi wei‡×

`v½vwe‡ivax KweZv¸Q wj‡L wZwb Zvi gvbeZvevw` g‡bi cwiPq‡K dzwU‡q

†Zv‡jb|

ZLb Bs‡iR‡ì kZ AZ¨vPvi, †Rj, Ryjy‡gI GZUzKz U‡j bv †KD|

ag©-eY© wbwe©‡k‡l mevi g‡b GKB evmbv, GKB KvgbvÑ ¯vaxbZv PvB,

¯vaxbZv| UMe‡M i‡³i `y`©v‰ Sj‡K ¯vaxbZvi •mwb‡Kiv gyw³i g‡‰¿

QzU‡Z _v‡K mvg‡bi w`‡K| mevi g‡b GKB Avkv, GKB ¯c′, GKB

msKíÑ ¯vaxbZv‡K wQwb‡q bv wb‡q †KDB N‡i wd‡i hv‡e bv| †mw`b

diiL Avn&gÌ †fv‡ii cvwLi g‡Zv myi Zy‡jwQ‡jb ¯^vaxbZvi| wZwb

wjL‡jb ¯vaxbZvi g‡‰¿ mgyPvwiZ GK AmvaviY KweZvi eB ÔAvRv` K‡iv

cvwK¯vbÕ|

d‡j gymjgvb‡ì N‡i N‡i a″wbZ n‡jvÑ ÔAvRv` K‡iv cvwK¯vbÕ|

Ae‡k‡l Dcgnv‡`kevmx‡K ¯vaxbZv w`‡jv †kvlK Bs‡iR kvmK| 1947

mv‡ji 14 AvM÷ ÔcvwK vbÕ bv‡g GKwU ¯vaxb †`k c„w_exi gvbwP‡Î

AvZ¥cÖKvk Ki‡jv| †m myev‡` diiL Avn&g` Zuvi Kg© j KjKvZv †Q‡o

1948 mv‡j mcwiev‡i XvKvq P‡j Av‡mb Ges †iwWI cvwK¯v‡bi XvKv

†K‡‱`ª †hvM`vb K‡ib|

wK‰‧ †h ¯c′ Kwe GB ¯^vaxbZvi gv‡S †`‡LwQ‡jb, Zvi ev¯e iƒcUv

cvwK¯vb iv‡óª cÖwZdwjZ n‡jv bv| cvwK¯v‡bi kvmKiv fy‡j †M‡jv

G‡`‡ki MYgvby‡li cÖv‡Yi AvKzwZ ÔBmjvgx Av`‡k©iÕ K_v| Zviv Zv‡ì

B‡Q g‡Zv ivóª cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z _vK‡jv| Dci‰‧ yÕwU cÖ‡`k wb‡q MwVZ

cvwK¯v‡bi c~e©vÂ‡ji RbM‡Yi gy‡Li fvlv‡KI †K‡o wb‡Z PvB‡jv|

eûgywL loh‰¿ ïi K‡i w`‡jv| d‡j cvwK¯v‡bi ALÊZv wU‡K _vKvi

†¶‡Î †`Lv w`‡jv mskq|

†mUv 1952 mv‡ji K_v| Kwe diiL Avn&g` Zvi wè¨ P‡¶ cvwK¯

v‡bi AvKv‡k `y‡h©v‡Mi NbNUv †`L‡Z †c‡jb| wZwb wbwðr n‡q †M‡jb †h,

GKUv fqven So †hb †a‡q Avm‡Q GB ¯vaxb †`kwUi Ici| ivóªfvlvi

`vwe‡Z 21†deªqvwi mvjvg, Re″vi, evivKvZ, iwdK, kwdKiv knx` n‡j

wek¦we`¨vj‡qi evB‡i XvKv †eZv‡iB me© cÖ_g cÖwZev‡ì So I‡V| GLv‡b

†mvPvi f~wgKv iv‡Lb diiL Avn&g`| fvlv Av‡‱`vj‡b †mvPvi nevi m~Î

a‡i 1953 mv‡j diiL Avn&g`mn c‡bi Rb‡K QuvUvB Kiv nq| d‡j

Zviv ag©NU ïi K‡ib| m‡Zi w`be¨vcx K‡Vvi ag©NU Ae¨vnZ iv‡Lb| Gi

†cÖw¶‡Z diiL Avn&g`mn mevB‡K PvKwi‡Z cybe©nvj Ki‡Z eva¨ nq

cvwK vb miKvi|

1954 mv‡j Kwe †`L‡Z †c‡jb, gymjgvb‡ì R‡b¨ AwR©Z cvwK¯vb

bvgK †`kwU‡K a″s‡mi w`‡K hv‡Q| Gi nvZ †_‡K †`kwU‡K i¶v Kiv

KwVb| KviY, ¯vaxbZv jv‡fi mgq gymjgvbiv †h gnvb ¯c′ Gu‡KwQ‡jvÑ

†mB ¯c′‡K cvwK¯vbx •¯ikvmKiv ev¯evqb Ki‡Q bv| †mK_v cwðgv

kvmK‡ì evi evi ¯§iY Kwi‡q †èvi †Póv Ki‡jb Kwe| †m j‡¶¨ wZwb

cÖKvk Ki‡jb Zuvi Agi Kve¨MÖ‰ ÔwmivRyg gybxivÕ| G MÖ‡‰i gva¨‡g my¯úó

fvlvq wZwb Rvwb‡q w`‡jb gymwjg wgjv‡Zi †mB ¯‡c′i K_v| `„p cÖZ¨‡q

Kwe i‡L ùvov‡jb •¯ikvmK‡ì mvg‡b|

GB eB‡qi KweZvi evKëv‡b, AjsKv‡i g~Z© n‡q IV‡jv cvwK vbx

†kvlK †kªwYi wei‡× cÖPÊ †¶vf| cÖwZwU KweZvi gv‡S ¯úó K‡i w`‡jb

Zvi Bmjvgx †i‡bmuvi AvKv-v‡K| wZwb AuvK‡jb Bmjv‡gi ¯Y© hy‡Mi¶

†mvbvjx BwZnv‡mi KíwPÎ| Z uvi KweZvi ci‡Z ci‡Z †e‡R IV‡jv

beRvMi‡Yi GK †gvnbxq Avn″vb| †e‡R IV‡jv beRvMi‡Yi myi|

ÔwmivRvg gybxivÕq wZwb gymjgvb‡ì nviv‡bv Ô†mvbvjx Aa¨vqÕ cybi×v‡ii

¯c′‡K dzwU‡q Zzj‡jb| bZzb K‡i gv_v Zz‡j ùvovevi ¯c′ †`Lv‡jb †MvUv

RvwZ‡K| Zvui GB ¯‡c′i Avmj welqwU wQ‡jv- †Lvjvdv‡q iv‡k`vi hy‡Mi

†mB †mvbvjx AZxZ‡K wdwi‡q Avbv| wZwb wbwðZ Ki‡Z PvB‡jb gvby‡li

†g․wjK AwaKvi|

wZwb cwi®‥vifv‡e eywS‡q w`‡jbÑ `ywL, ewÂZ gvbeZvi gy‡L my‡Li

nvwm †dvUv‡Z n‡j, gvby‡li wbivcËv‡K wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡j, gvby‡li †g․wjK

Pvwn`v Z_v- fvZ, Kvco, wk¶v, wPwKrmv I evm v‡bi wbðqZv †c‡Z

n‡jÑ GKgvÎ †Lvjvdv‡q iv‡k`vi hy‡Mi cÖeZ©b Qvov Avi †Kv‡bv weKí

†bB| ZvB GB †`‡kI PvB nhiZ Avey eKi, Igi, Imgvb, Avjx iv.Õi

†mB Bbmvdgq kvmbeë v| PvB †mB AevwiZ Kj¨v‡Yi kvmbvgj| nhiZ

Ig‡ii †Ljvd‡Zi K_vwU cvwK¯vbx kvmK‡ì ¯§iY Kwi‡q w`‡ZB Kwe

DPviY K‡i‡QbÑ


ÔAvR‡K Igi c‰x cw_K w`‡K w`‡K cÖ‡qvRb

wc‡V †evSv wb‡q cvwo †`‡e hviv cÖv‰i cªvYcYÕ|

GB Ke¨MÖ‰wU cÖKv‡ki mv‡_ mv‡_ cvVK gn‡j e¨vcK mvov c‡o hvq|

wZwb ÔBmjvgx †i‡bmuvi KweÕ wn‡m‡e cwiwPwZ cvb| wK‰‧ cvwK¯vbx kvmKiv

Zvi †m K_vq Kvb †`qwb| ZvB wZwb 1964 mv‡j ÔbI‡dj I nv‡ZgÕ MÖ‡‰

AZ¨vPvwi kvmK‡ì KiY cwiYwZi K_v Zz‡j a‡ib| kvmK‡ì wZwb

mveavb Ki‡Z PvB‡jb| cvkvcvwk GB MÖ‡‰ wZwb Rbì`x I mr kvm‡Ki

PwiÎv‡jL¨ Zz‡j ai‡jb| Zv‡Z wZwb nv‡Zg bvgK mZZvq g~Z©gvb PwiÎwU

AuvK‡jb Gfv‡eÑ

Kve¨ bq, Mvb bq, wkí bq, ïay †m gvbyl

wbt¯v_©, Z¨vMx I Kgx©, †meveªZx, cv‡i †m RvMv‡Z

mg Nyg‰cÖvY, Nyg †Nv‡i hLb †m †eûk|

GeviI Zvi GB KweZvi gg©evYx Dcjwä Ki‡Z cvi‡jv bv kvm‡Kiv|

Zey wZwb Ae`wgZ n‡jb bv| wZwb Avie¨ Dcb¨v‡mi nv‡ZgZvqxÕi gnvb

KxwZ©Mv_v wb‡q gnvKve¨ Av`‡j cÖKvk Ki‡jb GK e¨wZµgagx© Kve¨MÖ‰

Ônv‡ZgZvqxÕ| GeviI cvwK vbx kvmKiv Zvi K_vq Kvb w`‡jv bv|

cvwK v‡b AwaKvi ewÂZ, wbcxwoZ, jvwÃZ, ewÂZ, nZfvM¨ gvbyliv

Kv‡qwg ¯v_©evw`‡ì nv‡Z gvi †L‡q‡Q| RyjygevR‡ì gvi †L‡q †L‡q

wSwg‡q c‡o‡Q| hLb cÖvq •PZb¨ nvwi‡q Avcb RvwZmËv‡K fy‡j †h‡Z

em‡jvÑ wVK ZLwb KweZvi PveyK †g‡i nZfvM¨ gvby‡li •PZb¨‡K RvMÖZ

K‡ib diiL Avn&g`| wZwb RvwZ‡K ¯c′ †`Lv‡jb bZzb K‡i †R‡M IVvi|

gvby‡li nv‡Z gvbyl gvi Lv‡e, wbh©vwZZ n‡e, kª‡gi Nv‡gi `vg cv‡e bvÑ

GgbwU †hb diiL Avng` fve‡ZB cvi‡Zb bv| Ab¨vq-AbvPvi †`L‡jB

wZwb duy‡m DV‡Zb| cÖwZev‡` gyLi n‡Zb| Avi Kve¨Kjvi Pvey‡K Pve‡K

R¡vjvgwq fvlvq ZviB cÖKvk NUv‡Zb| wZwb Rxe‡b KL‡bv Ab¨v‡qi mv‡_

Av‡cvl K‡ibwb| hLb gvbeZvi Acgvb †`‡L‡Qb, hLb †kvl‡Ki Ryjy‡gi

nvZ j¤^v †`‡L‡Qb, ZLb cÖwZev‡` †d‡U c‡o‡Qb| mZ¨ DPvi‡Yi †¶‡Î

KL‡bv wZwb gv_v bZ K‡ibwb| RvwZ‡K RvMv‡Z wZwb wj‡L‡QbÑ

ÔivZ †cvnvevi K‡Zv †`wi cv‡Äix!

GL‡bv †Zvgvi Avmgvb fiv †g‡N

wmZviv †njvj GL‡bv I‡Vwb †R‡M

Zzwg gv¯‧‡j Avwg ùvo Uvwb fy‡j

A‣_ Kzqvkv Rv‡M k~b¨Zv †Nwi

ivZ †cvnvevi K‡Zv †`wi cv‡ÄixÕ!

1965 mv‡ji Ry‡b fviZ fxiæ Kvcyi‡li b¨vq iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i cvwK¯

v‡bi Dci hy× Pvwc‡q w`‡j †`k‡cÖ‡gi †PZbvq DØy× n‡q diiL Avn&g`

ÔR½x †Rvqvb Pj exiÕ Ôknx‡ì LybivOv Kvk¥xiÕ Ô†Rnv‡ì gq`v‡b Pj hvBÕ

cÖf„wZ DÏxcbvg~jK Mvb iPbv K‡i RvwZ‡K RvMÖZ K‡ib| d‡j †MvUvRvwZ

diiL Avn&g`‡K †`k‡cÖ‡g DØy× Bmjv‡gi GKRb LuvwU Abymvwi wn‡m‡e

wP‡b wb‡Z cvi‡jv|

1966 mv‡j Zvi †ivgvw‱UK Kve¨MÖ‰ Ôgyn~‡Z©i KweZvÕ cÖKvk cvq| GB

Kve¨MÖ‡‰ wZwb KvjRqx †ivgvÂ‡K mvejxj fvlvgvay‡h©i Ag„Z evK¨gvjvq

Agi K‡i Zz‡j‡Qb| wZwb g~jZ GKRb †ivgvw‱UK Kwe| Ôgyn~‡Z©i KweZvÕ

bvgK Agi I Abe`¨ m‡bU MÖ‡‰ Zuvi †ivgvw‱UK fveaviv Abycg

csw³gvjvq e¨³ nq|

Bmjv‡gi LuvwU Abymvwi I †meK diiL Avn&g` GKRb cÖK…Z ivm~j

†cÖwgK| ÔwmivRvg gybxiv m.Õ KweZvq Avgiv Zuvi ivm~j-†cÖ‡gi iƒcwU

†`L‡Z cvB| wZwb wj‡L‡QbÑ

†K Av‡m †K Av‡m mvov c‡o hvq †K Av‡m †K Av‡m bZzb mvov

Rv‡M mymyß g„Z Rbc` Rv‡M kZvwã Ny‡gi cvov

Nyg †f‡O hvq Avj †njv‡ji †nwi I cÖfvZ †R¨vwZ¯§vb

gy³ D`vi Av‡jv‡K †Zvgvi AMYb wkLv cvq †h cÖvY|

ivm~‡ji kv‡b Ggb A‡gvN DPviY Avi hZ Rb Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb,

Zv‡ì gv‡S nhiZ Avey eKi wmwÏK iv., nhiZ Igi iv., nhiZ Av‡qkv

iv., nhiZ Avjx iv., gnvKwe †kLmv`x, Avjvgv BKevj, KvRx bRij

Bmjvg I †Mvjvg †gv¯dv Qvov AvaywbK wek¦ mvwn‡Z¨ Lye Kg Kwe‡KB

Avgiv Luy‡R cvB|

Kwe diiL Avn&g` RvwZi cÖv‡Y beRvMi‡Yi D`MÖ evmbv RvMÖZ

Ki‡Z wj‡L‡QbÑ mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS, AvRv` K‡iv cvwK¯vb, wmivRvg

gybxiv, †b․‡dj I nv‡Zg, BKev‡ji wbe©vwPZ KweZv (Abyev`), nv‡e`v

gii Kvwnbx, wm‱`vev`, w`jiev, HwZnvwmK-A‣bwZnvwmK Kve¨, nvjKv

†jLv, Zmwei bvgv, mii½, ivR-ivRiv (bvwUKv), i³ †Mvjvc, †KviAvb

gÄylv BZ¨vw` wewfb′ Kve¨| Gm‡ei ga¨ w`‡q wZwb RvwZ‡K GKwU

Kj¨vYgq ivóª I mgv‡Ri ¯c′ †`wL‡q‡Qb| hyMcr wkï-wK‡kvi‡ìI

†`wL‡q‡Qb RvMi‡Yi bZzb bZzb ¯c′| ZvB †QvU‡ì R‡bÏ wj‡L‡Qb

`yBnvZ Ly‡j| GRb¨ wZwb eo‡ì cvkvcvwk †QvU‡ì Kv‡QI wQ‡jb

wcÖqKwe| wZwb †QvU‡ì R‡b¨ wj‡L‡Qb gRvi gRvi Mí, Qov, KweZv,

bvUK Ges Mvb| Z‡e Zvi Qov-KweZv¸‡jvI †ek MxwZgq| ZvB Zvi †h

†Kvb Qov ev wK‡kvi KweZv‡K Abvqv‡kB myi K‡i MvIqv hvq| wZwb wkï-

wK‡kvi‡ì G‡ZvUvB fv‡jvevm‡Zb †h, wZwb wK‡kvi‡ì Rb¨- cvwLi evmv,

wPwoqvLvbv, dz‡ji Qov, dz‡ji Rjmv, Qovi Avmi (`yBLÊ), muvS mKv‡ji


wKmmv, †cvKv gvKo, cvMjv BwÄb, cvwLi Qov, `v yi wKmmv, Av‡jvK

jZv, Lywki Qov, bZzb †jLv, is gkjv, bqv RvgvZ, bqv RvgvZ (cvV¨

ms¯‥viY, 4LÊ), ni‡di Qov, Kv‡djv, wKmmv Kvwnbx, Qov Qwei †`k,

gRvi Qov, Aby¯vi wemM©, gvnwdj, mvZ WvKvZ Avi nv‡Zg Zvqx BZ¨vw`

eB¸‡jv wj‡L‡Qb| wkï-g‡b ivm~j †cÖg RvMÖZ Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| †hgbÑ

†Zviv Avq †K hvwe m‡½ Avgvi

bexi gw`bvq,

Avq Avq Avq †Zviv m‡½ hvwe Avq|

GKgvÎ Avjvn Qvov Avi Kv‡iv Kv‡Q gv_v bZ Kiv hv‡e bv Ges wKQz

PvB‡Z n‡j †Kej Avjvni Kv‡QB PvB‡Z n‡e, †mUv wZwb PgrKvifv‡e

dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡QbÑ

†Zviv Pvm‡b wKQz Kv‡iv Kv‡Q

†Lv`vi g`` Qvov

†Zviv c‡ii Dci fimv †Q‡o

wb‡Ri cv‡q ùvov|

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N‡i N‡i e¨v‡KB nvc K‡i| Avc‡biv Kg K‡ib bvÕ (†nv‡mb, 2009:

30)|


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mxgvb ivRkvnx †_‡K P‡j G‡m‡Q Ges Pzc K‡i GKcv‡k e‡m me ïbj

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AvR hw` I GKwU fzj K‡i Zvi wK ÿgv †bB? wbðq Av‡QÕ (†nv‡mb,

2009: 30)| mxgvb wb‡R‡K ax‡i ax‡i k³ Ki‡jv Ges BKwZi G

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†n‡i Bqvb AvBb‡Qb wKqvi jvB? †n hw` †Kv‡bv †`vl K‡i Zvi kvw Í A uvB

w`Dg! Avc‡biv †K? ...wK‡qi jvB KBZvg bv| †n Auvi weqv Kiv eD|

...ìKvi bvB| †ni †n¨‡W †nvjvB _vK, †n gvBb‡li †nvjvÕ (†nv‡mb,

2009: 30)| Gfv‡eB †kl nq MíwU|


Mí `yÕwUi „wófw½ I we‡kølY

Mí `ywU‡Z evOvwj ga¨weË mgv‡Ri bvix-cyiæ‡li •RweK m¤úK© I

AvKvÿvi cÖwZdjb N‡U‡Q| di&iæL Avng`-Gi MíwU‡Z Z_vKw_Z

bvixev`x‡ì `„wó‡Z bvixi cÖwZ AwePvi Ab¨vq I Aeg~j¨vqb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

†Kbbv †mLv‡b bvixi ¯vaxbZv niY Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges bvix‡K †fvM¨ cY¨

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Ab¨w`‡K mvRb `vwqZ¡ wb‡Z A¯xKvi K‡i Ges Bgv‡gi WvKv MÖvg¨

mvwj‡k Bgvg AkÖve¨ fvlvq BKwZ‡K Mvwj w`‡j BKwZ cÖwZev` K‡i|

MÖv‡gi mKj gvbyl BKwZi wePvi Pvq| Ggb mgq mxgvb kni †_‡K wd‡i

G‡m †mvRv P‡j Av‡m kvwjmx gRwj‡m cÖwZev` K‡i| cwðgv bvixev`x‡ì

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Zuvi M‡í gvbweKZvi Av‡jv †R¡‡j †`b| Zuvi Mí n‡q I‡V gvbweKZvi

Av‡jvKewZ©KvÕ (†Rvqvi`vi, 2015: 328)|

Gevi Mí `yÕwUi gvbeZv‡eva I bxwZ‡ev‡ai w`‡K †Lqvj Kiv †h‡Z

cv‡i, hvi ga¨ w`‡q bvixi m¤§vb I ¯^vaxbZv Ges mgv‡Ri wbq‰¿Y KZ©v

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mvgvwRK w wZkxjZv I mgv‡Ri ¯vfvweK weKvk‡K a″sm K‡i w`‡q‡Q

e‡jB gnvb m„wóKZ©vi †h kvw Íi weavb i‡q‡Q Zv †fvM K‡i‡Qb| G RM‡Z

c~Y© †h․e‡bB wZwb RivMÖ Í n‡q c‡ob Ges evwK Rxe‡b †Kej cïi gZ

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Ges eÂbvi m„wó n‡q‡Q Zv †`‡L M‡íi e³v g‰Íe¨ K‡ib, ÔA‡bKw`b Av‡M

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bvB, kw³ bvB GgbwK Dc`ª‡ei wPý ch©‰Í bvB| ...AZx‡Zi fz‡ji Rb¨

Giv AbyZvc K‡i K‡Vvi cÖvqwð‡Ëi ga¨ w`‡q, wK‰‧ ey‡S bv †h †m-AbyZvc

eva©‡KïÑcv‡ci bqÕ (Avng`, 1996: 375)|

ZvQvov M‡í iDd mv‡ne‡K ÔPwiÎnxbÕ ejv n‡q‡Q A_©vr iDd mv‡n‡ei

Kg©‡K mg_©b †`qwb mgvR| me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welqwU n‡jv, iDd mv‡n‡ei

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Kv‡Ri cÖwZev` K‡i †M‡Qb Ges bvixi m¤§vb‡K AweK…Z †i‡L †M‡Qb|

bvixev`xiv †hgb g‡b K‡ib bvixi kix‡ii Dci Zvi wb‡Ri AwaKvi

_vK‡e ZvI Gi ga¨ w`‡q cÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Q|

Aciw`‡K †mwjbv †nv‡mb bvixev‡ì †gvo‡K Aeva †h․bvPvi‡K

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Kjw¼Z Ges gvbemËvi †h eÜb I cwiPq Zv‡K cï‡Z¡i KvZv‡i wb‡q

G‡m‡Qb| cï †hgb wbwe©Pv‡i GLv‡b †mLv‡b Ges †h‡Kv‡bv cÖvwYi mv‡_

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AvMg‡bi evZ©v w`‡Qb Zv‡KI Zvi wcZ…cwiPq †_‡K ewÂZ n‡Z nq|

cwðgv bvixev`xiv bvixi AwaKvi ni‡Yi Rb¨ ag©xq ixwZ-bxwZ‡K `vqx K‡i

_v‡Kb Ges Zviv ag©xq Aeva wbq‰¿‡Yi wec‡ÿ jovB Kivi K_v e‡jb|

hvi d‡j GLv‡b †mwjbv †nv‡mb gmwR‡ì Bgvg mv‡n‡ei gyL w`‡q AmsL¨

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GKRb gvbyl †_‡K m„wó K‡i‡QbÕ (myiv Avb wbmv, 4: 1)|

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K‡ib, ÔbvixMY cyiæl‡ìB m‡nvìvÕ (Avng`, Avey `vD` I wZiwgwh)|

bvixev`x `„wófw½i cÖavb KvR hw` bvix‡K m¤§vb Kiv nq, Z‡e

mxgv‡bi e„× Amy gv‡K BKwZi †mev Ki‡Z †Kb Abxnv †`Lv‡jb Ges

mxgvbI †Kb GK mgq gv‡qi g„Zz¨ Kvgbv K‡i‡Q? ZvB ¯vfvweKfv‡e cÖk′


Rv‡M mxgv‡bi gv wK GKRb bvix bq? Aciw`‡K di&iæL Avng` bvixi

m¤§v‡bi cÖwZ Mfxi kÖ×v‡eva cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| †hLv‡b bvixev`x

Av‡‱`vj‡bi Ab¨Zg jÿ¨B n‡jv bvixi Ô•bwZK cÖZ¨q, wb‡Ri gh©v`v


bvixev`x `„wófw½ I ev¯ÍeZv / Rwmg DwÏb 137 iÿv KivÕ (Meyers,

1995: 223) †mLv‡b Ô`„wófw½, AvPiY Ges jÿ¨ e ‧Õ (Meyers, 1995: 223) †Kej cv‡i bvixi m¤§vb‡K iÿv Ki‡Z| Gi me¸‡jv †mwjbv †nv‡m‡bi

D³ M‡í Abycw Z Ges di&iæL Avng‡ì M‡í we`¨gvb| ZvQvov Ôe¨w³i

¯vaxbZv mvwe©K g½j †_‡K AwR©Z nq e‡j e¨w³i ¯vaxbZv mgwói

Kj¨v‡Yi Aa Íb e‡j ¯xK…Z i‡q‡QÕ (Lvbg, 2005: 15)| cÿv‰Í‡i, BKwZ

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KvR K‡i‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K, di&iæL Avng‡ì m„wó iEd mv‡n‡ei e¨w³

¯vaxbZvi Kvi‡Y mgv‡Ri mvgwóK RbKj¨vY‡K †h wewN′Z Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv

wPwÎZ K‡i‡Qb Ges wZbwU fqvenZvI Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| GK, ag©xq

weavbvbymv‡i A‣ea m‰Ív‡bi cvc bv _vK‡jI cvwc‡ói i³ en‡bi Kvi‡Y

†m m‰ÍvbI †h GKw`b mgvR‡K Aw wZkxj K‡i Zzj‡e Zv †`wL‡q‡Qb

jwZdvi Kg©Kv‡Ûi gva¨‡g| `yB, cÖMwZkxjZvi Kvi‡Y mgv‡Ri kvw‰ÍKvgx

gvby‡li †h ÿwZ nq ev n‡Z cv‡i ZvI Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| wZb, µgvMZfv‡e

bvixi Dci Avµg‡Y gbyl‡Z¡i Dci †h AvNvZ Zv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q mywdqv I

iv‡njvi AvZ¥nZ¨vi gva¨‡g| d‡j, GK_v ejv hvq, di&iæL Avng` e¨w³

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eënvi K‡i| di&iæL Avng` G `„wófw½i AvNvZ K‡i‡Qb wK‰‧ mxgvb,

mvRb I BKwZi cÖwZwU c`‡ÿc †Kej kvixwiK Ges †h․b AvKvÿvi

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GQvovI †mwjbv †nv‡mb-Gi M‡í BKwZ mxgv‡bi gv Z_v wb‡Ri kvïwoi

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bvix, G K_v e‡j g~jZ †m bvixmgvR‡K AcgvwbZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K,

di&iæL Avng`-Gi M‡í bvixi gh©v`v‡K mgyb′Z ivLv n‡q‡Q Ges bvix-

cyiæ‡li mgvb gh©v`vi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| †Kbbv KziAv‡b my¯úófv‡e wcZv-

gvZvi cÖwZ m‰Ív‡bi KZ©e¨ wba©viY K‡i w`‡q‡Q Ges †NvlYv K‡i‡Q,

ÒAvwg gvbyl‡K Zvi wcZv-gvZvi cÖwZ m`vPv‡ii wb‡`©k w`‡qwQÓ (myiv

AvnKvd, 46: 15)|

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gh©v`v m¤ú‡K© †ek wKQz nvw`m GLv‡b cÖvmw½K| GKRb †g‡q m‰Ív‡bi

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Ges Zv‡K †m DËg we`¨v wkÿv I DËg AvPiY †kLvq, Zvi Rb¨ Rvb′vZ

AeavwiZ n‡q hvqÕ (Zvevivwb)|

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e‡jb, †Kv‡bv m‰Ív‡bi Kv‡Q wcZv hw` GKevi †mev cvq Zvi Kv‡Q gv

wZbevi †mev cv‡e (Avj eyLvwi I gymwjg) Ges Av‡iK nvw`‡m GK

gvbem‰Ívb‡K hy‡× AskMÖnY Kivi †P‡q gv‡qi c`Z‡j e‡m Zvi †mev

Kivi cÖwZ †ewk ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc K‡i‡Qb, †Kbbv gv‡qi c`Z‡j m‰Ív‡bi

Rvb′vZ (Zvevivwb)|

bvixi ¯vaxbZv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq eZ©gvb mgv‡R| †Kbbv, Ôkvw‰Íi

c~e©kZ© nj ¯vaxbZvÕ (myjZvbv, 1994: 36)| cÖK…Z A‡_© ¯vaxbZv Kx?

¯vaxbZv n‡jv ÔA‡bï AwaKvi I nK bó bv K‡i, ÿzY′ bv K‡i wb‡Ri

AwaKvi I cÖvwß c~Y©iƒ‡c cvevi mywbwðZ M¨vivw‱UÕ (myjZvbv, 1994: 36)|

G msÁvbymv‡i di&iæL Avng`-Gi M‡í DwjøwLZ mywdqv I iv‡njv ¯vaxbZv

†_‡K ewÂZ n‡q‡Qb Ges Gi Rb¨ wZwb iDd mv‡ne‡K `vqx K‡i‡Qb|

wK‰‧ †mwjbv †nv‡mb-Gi M‡í mxgvb ¿xi AwaKvi †hgb cwic~Y© Ki‡Z

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K‡i‡Qb| ZvB BKwZi †nb KvRwU †Kv‡bvfv‡eB bvix ¯vaxbZvi cÖK…Z iƒc

n‡Z cv‡i bv| ZvQvov BKwZ wb‡Ri †h․e‡bi Pvwn`v wgUv‡Z †hgb GKRb

cyiæ‡li mvwb′a¨ Lyu‡R‡Qb, wK‰‧ AbvMZ m‰Ív‡bi `vwqZ¡ I wbðqZvi Rb¨

mxgv‡bi DciB wbf©i K‡i‡Qb| wZwb hw` bvixi A_©‣bwZK gyw³ AR©‡bi

gva¨‡g Ges •RweK Pvwn`v ewÂZ nevi Kvi‡Y AvbyôvwbK wm×v‰Í MÖn‡Yi

gva¨‡g mxgvb‡K †Q‡o mvRb‡K MÖnY Ki‡Zb Z‡e †mwU bvixi ¯vaxbZv I

AwaKv‡ii ch©v‡q co‡Zv| wK‰‧ Gi cwie‡Z© †m †h KvR K‡i‡Q, Zv

†KejB cÖZviYv I kVZvi cwiPvqK|

ûgvq~b AvRv` bvix Av‡‱`vj‡bi gvÎv‡K e„w× Kivi Avn″vb Rvwb‡q

e‡jb, Ôbvix •RweKfv‡e GK cyiæ‡li mZx bq| GKvwaK cyiæ‡li mv‡_ Kvg

msm‡M© Zvi AvcwË bvB, Z‡e Z‡‰¿i f‡q AwaKvsk bvixB Zv ¯xKvi K‡i

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n‡q‡Q| d‡j G‡K bvixev` bv e‡j †KD †KD bM′Zvev` wn‡m‡e wPwýZ

K‡i‡Qb (bxj‡RvQbv, 2014)| weåvw‰Íi Rb¨ bM′Zvev`xiv bvix-cyiæ‡li

Aeva †h․b ev Kvg ¯vaxbZv‡K bvixev`x Av‡‱`vjb Z_v bvixi ¯vaxbZv e‡j

cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z Pvq| cÖK…Z A‡_© Ôbvixev` n‡Q bvixi AvZ¥mËv‡K RvMÖZ

K‡i bvix‡K mgv‡R m¤§v‡bi Avm‡b AwawôZ KivÕ (bxj‡RvQbv, 2014)|

mgv‡R bvix-cyiæ‡li †h cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q Zv †KejB kvixwiK| G cv_©K¨

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gymwjg bvix I cyiæl, gywgb bvix I cyiæl, cÖv_©bvKvix I cÖv_©bvKvwiYx,


mZëv`x I mZëvw`bx, •ah©avix I •ah©avwiYx, webqx cyiæl I webqx ¿x,

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†m m‰Ívb cyiæl Avi bvixi cwiP‡qi evB‡i ZLbB gvbyl n‡q DV‡e hLb †m

gv wb‡R‡K gvbyl wn‡m‡e cÖgvY Kivi †hvM¨Zv ivL‡ebÕ (wdwb·, 2015)|

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K‡i hvq e¨w³Rxe‡bi mxgv (gwZb, 2015: 61)|

cÖK…Z A‡_© Z_vKw_Z bvixev`xiv cuywRZvw‰¿K be¨ mv¤ªvRëv‡ì

cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡ib (Hanson & Bond, 2010: 21)| d‡j, ÔGgbI A‡bK

bvixev`x bvix-cyiæl Av‡Qb huviv †Kej ZvwË¡K bvixevw`‡Z¡i jovB K‡ib wK‰‧ eënvwiK RxebvPi‡Y bvix‡K †`‡Lb cyiælZvw‰¿K `„wó‡ZÕ (gymwjgv,

2014)| cwi‡k‡l GK_v Aek¨B ¯xKvi Ki‡Z n‡e ÔcyiælZ‰¿ Aek¨B

eR©bxq, Zv e‡j cyiæl gvÎB cyiælZvw‰¿K bb, Ab¨w`‡K bvix Rxe‡bi eÂbv

I wbh©vZ‡bi g‡a¨ Kvj KvwU‡qI me bvixB bvixev`x bbÕ (gymwjgv,

2014)| ZvB bvix-cyiæ‡li †g․wjK •elg¨ `~i K‡i mgv‡Ri w wZkxjZv

eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e Ges •bwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai gva¨‡g gvby‡li ¯vfvweK Rxeb

cÖYvjx‡K wUwK‡q ivLvB n‡e bvixev‡ì D‡Ïk¨| bvix Zvi Avcb ¯KxqZvq

wPi fv¯i n‡e G D‡Ïk¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L bvixev` weg~Z© †nvK|

MÖš’cwÄ

1. AvRv`, ûgvq~b, bvix, AvMvgx cÖKvkbx, XvKv, 2004|

2. Avng`, di&iæL, Ôg„Z-emyav, Ave yj gvb′vb •mq` m¤úvw`Z, di&iæL Avng` mgMÖ

cÖ_g LÐ, evsjv GKv‡Wwg, XvKv, 1996|

3. Avn‡g`, wgjb, ÔAvwg †Kb bvixev`xÕ, †g 23, 2013, Retrieved from

4. http://www.samakal.net/2014/09/23/87969.

5. G‡½jm, †d«WwiL, ÔcwieviÕ, eìæÏxi Dgi Ab~w`Z I m¤úvw`Z, bvix cÖkœ cÖm½,

kÖveY, XvKv, 2003: 13-29|

6. Lvbg, ivwk`v AvLZvi, bvixev` I `vk©wbK †cÖÿvcU, mvwnwZ¨Kv, XvKv, 2005|

7. ¸ß, k¨vgjx, Ôbvix‡ì Rxe‡b wek¦vq‡bi cÖfveÕ, k¨vgjx ¸ß, gvwjbx fUªvPvh©, CwkZv

gy‡Lvcva¨vq m¤úvw`Z, bvix I wek¦vqb, b¨vkbvj eyK G‡RwÝ cÖvB‡fU wjwg‡UW,

KjKvZv, 2007: 10-22|

8. PµeZ©x, ivgx, Ô†mwjbvi Míwe‡k¦ bvixi AvKvÿvi ÿgZvqbÕ, P‱`b Av‡bvqvi

m¤úvw`Z, MíK_v †mwjbv †nv‡mb msL¨v, el© 5 msL¨v 6, †deªæqvwi 2015: 409-

417|

9. †Rvqvi`vi, eveyj, ÔDrm †_‡K wbi‰Íi: gvbeZvi RqMvbÕ, P‱`b Av‡bvqvi

m¤úvw`Z, MíK_v †mwjbv †nv‡mb msL¨v, el© 5, msL¨v 6, †deªæqvwi 2015:327-

333|

10. Ôbvixev`x ZË¡ I gwZRv‡bi †g‡qivÕ, †eMg AvKZvi Kvgvj m¤úvw`Z, wek kZ‡Ki

cÖZxP¨ mvwnZ¨ I mgv‡jvPbvZË¡, Aemi, XvKv, 2014: 231-242|

11. bxj‡RvQbv, Ôbvixev`x ebvg ÔbvixÕev`xÕ, 2014, Retrieved from http://

womenexpress.net/neeljosna85/womensocial-psychological-

underprivileged-women/

12. wdwb·, Ôbvixev`x-ev`x=(ïayB) bvixÕ, 2015, Retrieved from http://

shorob.com/19806

13. gwZb, RyjwdKvi, Ôdi&iæL Avng`: GKwU g~j¨vqbÕ, KweZvi †`k, evsjv GKv‡Wwg,

XvKv, 1996: 45-49|

14. Ô†mwjbv †nv‡mb I Zuvi Ae vb wKsev †jwLKv‡ì gnvZ¥ eY©bvÕ, P‱`b Av‡bvqvi

m¤úvw`Z, MíK_v †mwjbv †nv‡mb msL¨v, el© 5 msL¨v 6, †deªæqvwi 2015: 57-

58|

15. gymwjgv, D‡¤§, Ôbvixev`x bq, mgZvev`xÕ, •`wbK cÖ_g Av‡jv, gwZDi ingvb

m¤úvw`Z, A‡±vei 22, 2014|

16. ingvb, Aa¨vcK gyn¤§` gwZDi, Bmjv‡g bvixi gh©v`v I AwaKvi, Zvwgg cÖKvkbx,

XvKv, 2011|


17. ingvb, MvDmyi, di&iæL Avng`: gvbeZvi Kwe, `xwß cÖKvkbx, XvKv, 2006|

18. ïK&Kvn, Ave yj nvjxg Avey, imy‡ji mv. hy‡M bvix ¯vaxbZv 1g LÐ, weAvBAvBwU,

XvKv, 2011|

19. wmwÏKx, wRjøyi ingvb, ÔAwffvlYÕ, gynv¤§` gwZDi ingvb m¤úvw`Z, di&iæL

Avng‡ì ¯vZš¿¨ I •ewkó¨ cÖ_g LÐ, evsjv‡`k †Kv-Acv‡iwUf eyK †mvmvBU wj.,

XvKv, 2015: 112-117|

20. myjZvbv, KweZv, ab¨ Avwg bvix, g`xbv cvewj‡KkvÝ, XvKv, 1994|

21. mvqx`, Ave yjøvn Avey, ÔdiiæL Avng`Õ, gynv¤§` gwZDi ingvb m¤úvw`Z, di&iæL

Avng‡ì ¯vZš¿¨ I •ewkó¨ cÖ_g LÐ, evsjv‡`k †Kv-Acv‡iwUf eyK †mvmvBU wj.,

XvKv, 2015: 401-408|

22. •mq`, Avãyj gvb′vb, ÔdiiæL Avng‡ì MíÕ, di&iæL GKv‡Wgx cwÎKv, gyn¤§`

gwZDi ingvb m¤úvw`Z, 27Zg msKjb, Ryb-2015, di&iæL M‡elYv dvD‡Ûkb,

XvKv, 2015: 21-26|

23. nK, nvmvb AvwRRyj, Ô†mwjbvi evsjv‡`kÕ, P‱`b Av‡bvqvi m¤úvw`Z, MíK_v

†mwjbv †nv‡mb msL¨v, †deªæqvwi 2015: 46-47|

24. †n`v‡qZzjøvn, †gvnv¤§`, Ôe½xq gymwjg mvwnZ¨Õ, †gvnv¤§`x, •R¨ô 1346|

25. †nv‡mb, Kwe Aveyj, wKQz ¯§„wZt IqvjxDjøvn, mgq cÖKvkbx, XvKv, 1980|

26. †nv‡mb, †mwjbv, mvÿvrKvi, AMÖexR, 3q el© 2q msL¨v, hy³ivóª, 2009: 13-45|

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MYZvw‰¿K c×wZ‡Z Av‡jvPbv n‡q‡Q| RbMY I QvÎmgvR AKzÚfv‡e

wb‡Ri gZvgZ e¨³ K‡i‡Qb| myZivs GUv `„pfv‡eB Avkv Kiv hvq †h,

cvwK Ív‡bi RbM‡Yi e„nr As‡ki gZvbyhvqx cvwK Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv wbe©vwPZ

n‡e| hw` ZvB nq Z‡e GK_v wbwðZfv‡eB ejv hvq †h, evsjvfvlvB

cvwK Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv n‡e| Ggb `„ofv‡eB wZwb evsjvfvlvi mc‡ÿ K_v

e‡j‡Qb| wZwb g‡bcÖv‡Y mvwe©K Ae¯vi †h iƒc †`L‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb

cieZx©‡Z Zv n‡q I‡Vwb| cwðg cvwK Ívwb kvmK‡Mvôx †kvl‡Ki iƒc wb‡j

wZwb Zv‡ì Dci ÿzä nb| weiƒc g‡bvfve cÖKvk K‡ib| Avi ZLb

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Aveyj wgqv RvbZ, G ARvZkÎæ Kwei A‡kl eÜz-evÜ‡ei Kvi Kx

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ej‡Zb, Ô‡Lv`vi gyjøyK †_vov bq dwK‡ii Kcvj †cvov bqÕ GB ¯§„wZwU

D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb ZuviB GK mnKgx©| ïay evB‡i bq Zuvi evwo‡Z †M‡jI wZwb

bv LvB‡q KvD‡K Qvo‡Zb bv| GwU wQj Zuvi ¯fvewm×| cvwievwiK Rxe‡b

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diiæL gvB‡K‡ji KweZv cQ‱` Ki‡Zb| RmxgDÏx‡bi Kei

KweZvwUI wQj Zuvi Lye wcÖq| Av‡b©÷ †nwgsI‡qi ÔIì g¨vb GÛ `¨v mxÕ

m¤ú‡K© wZwb ej‡Zb, ÔG‡Z Rxe‡bi fvlv Av‡Q| Rxeb msMÖv‡gi GKwU

†gvnbxq `k©b Av‡Q| eBwU‡Z †mme †hfv‡e cÖvY †c‡q‡Q Zv Ab¨ †Kv‡bv

eB‡Z cvIqv hvq bv|Õ

ZiæY eq‡m eÇ †k․wLb wQ‡jb wZwb| kL wQj Zuvi †mZvi evRv‡bv,

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AbyZß cvcx fv‡jv|Õ An¼vi wQj bv Zuvi †fZ‡i| avwg©K wQ‡jb| Z‡e

†Muvov wQ‡jb bv|

diiæL Avng` wkK Kveve, wUwKqv, PvjKzgovi †gvie″v †L‡Z

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LyeB mv`vgvUv †cvkvK ci‡Zb diiæL| cÖ_g eq‡m ci‡Zb kvw‰Ícyix

a~wZ| Mv‡q _vKZ AvwÏi cvÄvwe| e¨vKeªvk Kiv Pzj| cieZx©‡Z cvRvgv,

cvÄvwe, †kiIqvwb ci‡Zb| cv‡q KL‡bv ¯ú‡Äi m¨v‡Ûj, KL‡bv Ry‡Zv

ci‡Zb| kx‡Zi mgq Av‡jvqvb Ges cyjIfvi eënvi Ki‡Zb| diiæL

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diiæL Avng` Kg©Rxeb ïiæ K‡ib 1945 mv‡j AvB.wR wcÖRb

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gvwmK †gvnv¤§`xi fvicÖvß m¤úv`K wQ‡jb| RjcvB¸wo‡ZI GKwU dv‡g©

wKQz w`b KvR K‡ib| A‡bK cyi¯‥vi †c‡q‡Qb diiæL Avng`| 1960

mv‡j †cÖwm‡W‱U cyi¯‥vi cÖvBW Ae cvidi‡gÝ cvb| evsjv GKv‡Wwg

cyi¯‥vi cvb H GKB eQ‡i nv‡Zg ZvÕqxi R‡b¨ Av`gRx cyi¯‥vi cvq|

gi‡YvËiKv‡j evsjv‡`k miKvi 1977 mv‡j GKz‡k c`K Ges 1980

mv‡j ¯vaxbZv cyi¯‥vi cÖ`vb K‡i| Bmjvwg dvD‡Ûkb 1984 mv‡j

mvwn‡Zï R‡b¨ Zuv‡K gi‡YvËi cyi¯‥vi w`‡q‡Q|

1971 mv‡j evsjv‡`k bZzb †`k wn‡m‡e gvbwP‡Î vb K‡i †bq|

diiæL Avng` Avevi Pvb bZzbfv‡e mewKQz‡K †MvQv‡Z| wK‰‧ G mgqB

bvbv Amyweavi g‡a¨ c‡ob wZwb| wb`viæY A_©K‡ó w`b Kv‡U| Zey wZwb

†f‡O c‡obwb| Av`k©Pz¨Z nbwb| g„Zzï c~e© ch©‰Í AwePj †_‡K‡Qb wb‡Ri

Av`‡k©| 1973 Gi ci †_‡KB diiæL Avng‡ì kvixwiK I Avw_©K

Ae¯vi AebwZ NU‡Z _v‡K| Ae‡k‡l wZwb 1974 mv‡j 19 †k A‡±vei

wPiwb`ªvq Nywg‡q c‡ob| cweÎ C`-Dj wdZi-Gi c‡ii w`b Ab‰ÍKv‡ji

R‡b¨ cvwo Rgvb diiæL| cÖk′ †i‡L hvb ivZ †cvnvevi KZ †`wi?

Avcmnxb GB Kwe Amy Zvi g‡aÏ wb‡R‡K †i‡LwQ‡jb `„p †PZbvq

ejxqvb| diiæL Avng` †hb wbtm½ hvÎx| GKvKx †nu‡U‡Qb wZwb| LyeB

KiæY Ae vq Zuvi g„Zz¨ N‡U| Avw_©K AbU‡b wPwKrmvi Afve Zv‡K wZ‡j

wZ‡j g„Zzï w`‡K GwM‡q wb‡qwQj|

diiæL Avng` wQ‡jb meyR g‡bi gvbyl| ¯c′ †`L‡Zb bviv½x e‡bi|

Zuvi je½, `viæwPwb, Gjv‡Pi Pvl Avgv‡ì GB evsjv‡`‡k cÖPzi dj‡Z

cv‡i- G e¨vcv‡i wZwb wP‰Ív-fvebv Ki‡Zb| G cÖm‡½ wZwb PÆMÖvg I

wm‡j‡Ui AZxZ w`‡bi †mvbvwj BwZnvm Zz‡j ai‡Zb| GK mgq GLv‡b

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Avgv‡ì cÖKvwkZ K‡qKwU g~jëvb MÖš’

eB‡qi bvg †jL‡Ki bvg g~j¨

diiæL cÖwZfv gyn¤§` gwZDi ingvb 400

ms¯‥…wZ gyn¤§` gwZDi ingvb 175

Bmjv‡g bvixi gh©v`v I AwaKvi gyn¤§` gwZDi ingvb 80

evsjv‡`‡ki mvwnZ¨ gyn¤§` gwZDi ingvb 150

gyn¤§` gwZDi ingvb : Rxeb I

Kg©

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33 b_©eªK nj †ivW, evsjvevRvi, XvKv-1100,

†dvb : 01916822608, 01199064433


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“A tradition without intelligence is not worth having to

discover what is the best life for us not as a political obstraction,

but as a particular people in a particular place.”

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ZvI jÿ ivL‡Z nq| Ges What conditions, within our power to bring

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(¯Y© CMj)

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[‡cÖmg¨vb]|


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GRiv cvD‡Ûi Dw³i cÖwZa″wbB †hb Zuvi g‡a¨ cÖwZdwjZ :

A return to origins invgoratese because it is a return to

nature and reason. The man who returns to origins does so,

because he wishes to behave eternally sensible manner.”

(Tradition, The Literary Essays of Ezra pound. P.437)

diiæL Avng‡ì HwZn¨ mÜvb mgKvj Ges mgv‡Ri wbweo

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“A poet may gain much from the study of music, how much

technical knowledge of musical form I do not know. I believe

that the properties in which music concerns the poet most

nearly are the sense of rhythm and the sense of structure.”

(The Music of Poetry)

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diiæL Avng`

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kvnveywÏb Avng` m¤úvw`Z, BmjvwgK dvD‡Ûkb, XvKv, 1390 c„ôv 118)|

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Avjv‡ci ci diiæL Avng` Bmjvgx Av`‡k©i w`‡K Szu‡K c‡ob| (`ªóe¨t

wRjøyi ingvb wmwÏKx, ÔdiiæL fvB‡qi K_vÕ t ÔdiiæL Avng`, e¨w³ I KweÕ, H, c„ôv

118)|

ax‡i ax‡i wZwb m¤ú~Y© e`‡j †M‡jb, ïay †cvkvK-Avkv‡K bq, wP‰v-

‡PZbvqI n‡q †M‡jb Cgvb`vi gymjgvb| cvwievwiKfv‡eB wZwb

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Ki‡Zb, Zuvi eo I †QvU `yB fvB‡qiI wQj wkíx ¯fve| eo fvB wmwÏK

Avng` Mvb euva‡Z cvi‡Zb, Avi †QvU fvB‡qi AvKl©Y wQj wPÎ AsK‡Yi

w`‡K| diiæL Avng` Ab¨ `yÕfvB‡qi †_‡K ¯Z‰¿ PZ¡‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡jb,

QvÎve v‡ZB ïiæ Ki‡jb KweZv PP©v| ÔZuvi K‡jR eq‡m KweZv Zuv‡K

Ggbfv‡e †c‡q em‡jv †h, GKRb †gavex QvÎ nvwi‡q †M‡jv KweZvi

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I KweÕ, H, c„ôv 114)|

GKw`‡K KweZv PP©v Ab¨w`‡K Bmjvgx Av`k© ZvwoZ Aw iZvÑ GB

`yB‡q wg‡j diiæ‡Li covïbvi AvbyôvwbK hvÎvc‡_ BwZ †U‡b w`j| wZwb

ax‡i ax‡i Kg©Rxe‡b cÖ‡ek Ki‡jb| Aek¨ Gi g‡a¨B LvjvZ †evb •mq`v

•Zqev LvZz‡bi mv‡_ wZwb weevn eÜ‡b Ave× nb|

miKvix PvKy‡i wn‡m‡e Zuvi Kg©Rxeb ïiæ nq 1943 m‡b| cÖ_‡g

AvB.wR wcÖRb Awd‡m I c‡i wmwfj mvcvB wefv‡M wZwb KvR K‡ib|

cieZx©‡Z Aek¨ wZwb mvsevw`KZv ïiæ K‡ib| gvwmK †gvnv¤§`x cwÎKvi

m¤úvKxq wefv‡M †hvM w`‡q GK mg‡q GB cwÎKvi m¤úv`‡Ki `vwqZ¡I

cvjb K‡ib| wK‰‧ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K gIjvbv AvKig Luvi mv‡_ g‡bvgvwjb¨

nIqvi Kvi‡Y wZwb †m PvKzwi †Q‡o †`b|

cvwK vb cÖwZôvi ci wZwb XvKv P‡j Av‡mb I XvKv †eZv‡i †hvM`vb

K‡ib| Avg„Zz¨ wZwb XvKv †eZv‡iB Kg©iZ wQ‡jb| gyw³hy‡×i ci 1971

m‡b XvKv †eZv‡ii PvKzwi †_‡K Zuv‡K wKQzw`‡bi Rb¨ mvm‡cÛ Kiv nq|

c‡i Aek¨ wZwb e‡Kqv †eZbmn PvKzwi wd‡i †c‡iwQ‡jb|

( ªóe¨t dRj G †Lv`v, ÔZuvi Zzjbv wZwb wb‡RBÕ t ÔdiiæL Avng`, e¨w³ I KweÕ,

H, c„ôv 239)|

diiæL Avng‡ì mvsmvwiK Ae v ¯Qj wQj bv| mvivRxeb fvov

evmvq wKsev miKvix †KvqvU©v‡i wZwb KvwU‡q‡Qb| XvKvq GKwU evwo Kivi

Zuvi Lye mva wQj, wK‰‧ Bmjvgx kwiqZ we‡ivax we‡ePbv K‡i †jvb wb‡q

wZwb evwo Ki‡Z Pvbwb| (`ªóe¨t •mq`v •Zqev LvZzb, Ômsmv‡i diiæL Avng` t

ÔdiiæL Avng`, e¨w³ I KweÕ, H, c„ôv 44)|

nv‡Z UvKv _vK‡j A‡bK mgq wZwb †ewnmvex LiP K‡i †dj‡Zb|

ZvQvov Awd‡m wKsev evmvq AwZw_ Avc¨vq‡bi wcQ‡bI Zuvi cÖPzi A_© e¨q

n‡q †hZ| Zuvi Kv‡Q †KD wM‡q Lvwjgy‡L wd‡i G‡m‡Q e‡j †kvbv hvqwb|

wZwb miKvix Li‡P n‡Ri Avg‰¿Y †c‡qI Zv MÖnY K‡ibwb|

cvwK vb cÖwZôvi Av‡‱`vjb ïiæ nIqvi ci diiæL Avng` GB

Av‡‱`vj‡bi `„p mg_©‡K cwiYZ nb| cvwK¯v‡b Bmjvgx Av`k© iƒcvq‡Yi

e¨vcv‡i wZwb Lye Avkve`x wQ‡jb| ( ªóe¨t Ave`yj nK, ÔdiiæL Avng`Õ t

ÔdiiæL Avng`, e¨w³ I KweÕ, H, c„ôv 13)|

wZwb †Lvjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi Av`k©‡KB Bmjv‡gi cÖK…Z iƒc e‡j `„p

gZ cÖKvk Ki‡Zb| (`ªóe¨t ‡gvnv¤§` AvRid, ÔAbgbxq diiæLÕt ÔdiiæL Avng`,

e¨w³ I KweÕ, H, c„ôv 13)|

wZwb Avm‡j Bmjvgx c‡_ mvaviY gvby‡li gyw³i gyw³ PvB‡Zb| Avi

Zvi Rb¨ cvwK¯ vb cÖwZôv Acwinvh© e‡j g‡b Ki‡Zb| GB g~j j¶

Awfgy‡LB Zuvi Kve¨PP©v avweZ n‡qwQj|

cvwK vb cÖwZôvi ci Bmjvgx Av`k© ev¯ evq‡bi Rb¨ we‡kl, ms¯‥…wZ

†¶‡Î Bmjvgx aviv weKv‡ki Rb¨ wZwb m‡Pó nb| cvwK¯vb cÖwZôvi cici

MwVZ Bmjvgx mvs¯‥…wZK msMVb ZgÏyb gRwj‡ki wZwb wQ‡jb, Ô‡d«Ê,

wd‡jvmcvi, MvBW|Õ (`ªóe¨t Aa¨vcK Ave yj Mdzi, ÔAvwZ‡_¨ D`vi, Av`‡k©

wbiv‡cvlÕ t ÔdiiæL Avng`, e¨w³ I KweÕ, H, c„ôv 101)|

GQvov Bmjvgx Ôwkí mvwnZ¨ gRwjkÕ, ÔcvK mvwnZ¨ gRwjkÕ,

ÔiIbKÕ, ÔcvwK¯ vb †i‡bmuv †mvmvBwUÕ MV‡b, 1952 m‡b AbywôZ Bmjvgx

mvs¯‥…wZK m‡¤§j‡b wZwb wQ‡jb Ab¨Zg cÖavb †cÖiYv| (`ªóe¨t Aa¨vcK

Ave yj Mdzi, ÔAvwZ‡_¨ D`vi, Av`‡k© wbiv‡cvlÕ t ÔdiiæL Avng`, e¨w³ I KweÕ, H,

c„ôv 109)|

†m mg‡q Bmjvgx cÎcwÎKvq h_v ÔAvRÕ, ÔZvnRxeÕ, Ôgw`bvÕ, Ôc~evjxÕ

cÖf„wZ cÖKv‡kI Zuvi cÖZ¨¶ †cÖiYv wQj| cvwK¯ v‡bi kvmK‡Mvwôi Abym„Z

c‡_i åvw‰ m¤ú‡K© wZwb Aek¨ wbðzc f~wgKv †bbwb| ÔnvqvZ `vivR LvbÕ

GB QÙ bv‡g wZwb A‡bK eÖ KweZv wj‡L cvwK¯vbx kvmK‡ì mgv‡jvPbv

K‡iwQ‡jb| wK‰‧ w`‡b w`‡b wZwb mgv‡jvPbvq Drmvn nvwi‡q †d‡jb|

ÔG‡Ki ci GK Avkv fs‡Mi †e`bvq lv‡Ui `k‡K G‡m wZwb ïay K¬v‰B

bq, ixwZgZ ¶zä n‡q I‡Vb|Õ (`ªóe¨t gywnDwÏb Lvb, Ô¯cœiv‡Rï y:mvnmx

wm›`vev`Õt ÔdiiæL Avng`, e¨w³ I KweÕ, H, c„ôv 181)|

Kwe wnmv‡e diiæL Avng` A‡bK¸‡jv cyi¯‥vi †c‡qwQ‡jb| 1960

m‡b cvwK¯v‡bi †cÖwm‡W‱U cyi¯‥vi ÔcÖvBW di cvidi‡gÝÕ I evsjv

GKv‡Wgx cyi¯‥vi, 1966 m‡b Ônv‡ZgZvqxÕ MÖ‡‰i Rb¨ Av`gRx cyi¯‥vi

Ges ÔcvLxi evmvÕ MÖ‡‰i Rb¨ BD‡b‡¯‥v cyi¯‥vi wZwb †c‡qwQ‡jb|

ÔAvjøvn& I Zuvi imy‡ji cÖwZ c~Y© AvZ¥mgwc©Z|Õ ( ªóe¨ t KvRx †Mvjvg

Avng`, ÔGKwU Av`k© GKwU e¨w³Z¡Õ, ÔdiiæL Avng` t e¨w³ I Kwet, c„. 123)|

GB gvbylwU 1974 m‡bi 1 †k A‡±vei B¯‥vUb Mv‡W©b miKvix

evmfe‡b ÔAbvnvi, Aa©vnvi I webv wPwKrmvqÕ g„ZzëiY K‡ib| (`ªóe¨ t

†gvnv¤§` bvwmi DwÏb, ÔKwe diiæL Avng`Õ, ÒmIMvZÓ Avwk¦b-KvwZ©K, 1381)


`yB

KweZvi RMr Qvov mvwn‡Zï Ab¨vb¨ kvLvq diiæL Avng` †Zgb

wePiY K‡ibwb| M‡`¨ wZwb we‡kl wKQzB †j‡Lbwb| ïaygvÎ Zuvi cÖKvwkZ

GKwU cÖe‡Üi K_v Rvbv hvq| (diiæL Avng` cuvPwU †QvUMí, GKwU

Amgvß Dcb¨vm I K‡qKwU cÖeÜ iPbv K‡ib|Ñm¤úv`K)| 1954 m‡bi

fv`ª msL¨v gvwmK mIMvZ-G ÔcvwK Ívb, ivóªfvlv I mvwnZ¨Õ bvgK GB

cÖe‡Ü cvwK Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv wK n‡e Zv wb‡q wZwb Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| fvlv

Av‡‱`vjb e¨vcKZv wb‡q ùvovevi Av‡MB wZwb ¯úófv‡e H cÖe‡Ü e‡j‡Qb

ÔcvwK Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv wK n‡e, G wb‡q MYZvw‰¿K c×wZ‡Z Av‡jvPbv

n‡q‡Q| RbMY I QvÎ mgvR AKzôfv‡e wb‡R‡ì gZvgZ e¨³ K‡i‡Qb|

myZivs GUv `„pfv‡eB Avkv Kiv hvq †h, cvwK¯Ív‡bi RbM‡Yi e„nr As‡ki

gZvbyhvqx cvwK Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv wbe©vwPZ n‡e| hw` ZvB nq, Z‡e GK_v

wbwðZ fv‡eB ejv hvq †h, evsjv fvlvB cvwK Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv n‡e|Õ

diiæL Avng‡ì †jLv `yÕwU wPwV m¤úªwZ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| (`ªóe¨ t

Ave yj nK, ÒdiiæL Avng` t Kv‡ji wkKviÓ, ÔmIMvZÕ, gvN, 1381) e¨w³Rxe‡bi

Pig `vwi`ª¨ I abZ‰¿ m¤ú‡K© Zuvi N„Yv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Zuvi wPwV¸‡jv‡Z|

1948 m‡bi 5B Rvbyqvwi Avãyj nK‡K †jLv wPwVi GK v‡b wZwb

wj‡L‡Qb, Ôwkqv‡ji ms‡M Avgvi cv_©K¨ GBUzKz †h, wkqv‡ji Ab′ wP‰Ív

_vK‡jI e ¿ mgm¨v wQj bv| Avgvi, `y‡Uv‡Zv Av‡QB, Zvi Dci Av‡Q

cwievie‡M©i fiY‡cvl‡Yi wP‰Ív| ...Uüv‡Ki A¯QjZvi ìæY Avgv‡K eva¨

n‡q ev¯Íe `„wófw½ MÖnY K‡i eÜz-evÜ‡ei ms‡M cÎvjvc A_ev mskÖe eR©b

Ki‡Z n‡qwQj ...myZivs hZw`b abZ‡‰¿i Kei †Luvov bv n‡Q, ZZw`b

euva¨ n‡q ej‡Z n‡e t abZ‰¿ wR‱`vev`Õ| abZ‰¿‡K cQ‱` bv Ki‡jI

ÔabZ‡‰¿i †kvlYc×wZi †gKvwbRg wZwb †kl w`b AewaI ey‡S DV‡Z

cv‡ibwb| (`ªóe¨ t cÖv¸³, c„. 1381)|

wek eQi eq‡m K‡j‡R covi mgq †_‡K diiæL Avng` KweZv

wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡ib| hwÌ KweZv †jLvi Af¨vm Zuvi M‡o D‡VwQj ¯‥zj

Rxeb †_‡K| KweZv I Mvb wgwj‡q wZwb A‡bK wj‡L‡Qb| Kve¨vKv‡i

A‡bK KweZv cÖKvwkZI nqwb| A‡bK¸‡jv KweZv GLb ch©‰Í cvÛzwjwc

AvKv‡iB i‡q †M‡Q|

RxweZ Ae¯vq diiæL Avng‡ì cÖKvwkZ Kv‡eï msL¨v cuvP t ÔmvZ

mvM‡ii gvwSÕ (1944), ÔAvRv` K‡iv cvwK ÍvbÕ (1945), ÔwmivRvg gybxivÕ

(1952), Ôgyn~‡Z©i KweZvÕ (1960-61), Ges Ônv‡ZgZvqxÕ (1966)| G¸wj

Qvov Ô‡b․‡dj I nv‡ZgÕ bv‡g GKwU Kve¨bvU¨ cÖKvwkZ nq 1961 m‡b|

Kwe K‡qKwU cvÛzwjwc cÖ ‧Z K‡i wM‡q‡Qb †h¸‡jv cÖKvwkZ nqwb| wKQz

cvÛzwjwc‡Z KweZvi iPbvKvjI D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| cvÛzwjwç‡jv n‡Q t

ÔKv‡djvÕ (iPbvKvj 1943 †_‡K 1958), Ô‡n eb¨ ¯‡c′ivÕ (iPbvKvj

1936-50), ÔAby¯viÕ (iPbvKvj 1944-46), ÔwemM©Õ (iPbvKvj 1946-

48), Ôw`jiæevÕ, ÔM`¨ c„w_exÕ (1958), ÔUzK‡iv KweZvÕ, ÔLyP‡iv KweZvÕ,

ÔKweZv¸QÕ (1951)| G¸wj Qvov Kwei AviI wKQz cvÛzwjwc cvIqv M‡‡Q

: G¸‡jv n‡QÑ MxwZ¸Q I Ab¨vb¨ Mv‡bi LvZv, ÔgvnwdjÕ bv‡g QqwU

LvZv, Ôim‡jvKÕ, Ôimi½Õ, ÔbwmnZbvgvÕ, ÔwPwoqvLvbvÕ, Ôdz‡ji QovÕ, ÔwKmmv

KvwnbxÕ, ÔQovi AvmiÕ (wZb LÛ), ÔAv‡jvKjZvÕ, ÔQov Qwei †`‡k (wZb

LÛ), Ô‡cvKvgvKoÕ, ÔQov I QweÕ, ÔgRvi QovÕ, ÔcvLxi QovÕ, ÔmuvS mKv‡ji

wKmmvÕ, ÔnvjKv †jLvÕ BZ¨vw`| (`ªóe¨ t diiæL Avng‡ì †kÖô KweZv, Avãyj

gvbœvb •mq` m¤úvw`Z, 1975, cÖ‡ekK Ask-3)|

†g․wjK iPbv QvovI wZwb wKQz Abyev` Kg©I m¤úv`b K‡i‡Qb|

†KviAvb kix‡di wKQz Ask ZR©gv QvovI wZwb nvwd‡Ri Ô`xIqvb-B-

nvwdRÕ Aej¤‡b PviwU KweZv wj‡L‡Qb, BKev‡ji eviwU KweZvi Abyev`

K‡i‡Qb Ges †kL mv`x, kvn Avãyj jwZd wfUvB, AvjZvd †nv‡mb nvjx

cÖgy‡Li KweZv Abyev` K‡i‡Qb|

Kwei cÖ ‧Z Kiv cvÛzwjwc ÔKweZv¸QÕ Gi AwaKvsk KweZv Ôgyn~‡Z©i

KweZvÕq vb †c‡q‡Q| wkï‡ì Rb¨ †jLv ÔcvLxi evmvÕ I Ôni‡di QovÕ

ÔbZzb †jLvÕ I ÔQovi AvmiÕ bv‡g cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| (`ªóe¨ t Avãyj gvbœvb

•mq` m¤úvw`Z diiæL Avng‡ì †kÖô KweZv, cwiwkó 2)|

g„Zzï ci 1976 m‡b Ô‡n eb¨ ¯‡c′ivÕ Kve¨wU cÖKvwkZ nq| Kwei

cÖ_g w`‡Ki GKhyM Kv‡ji (1936-50) †jLv 49wU KweZv wb‡q GB Kve¨

cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj| cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi GB KweZv¸‡jv‡Z KwjKvZvi bMi

Rxeb, cyuwRev`-we‡ivax evgc‰x myi, `ywf©‡ÿi Qwe BZ¨vw` jÿ Kiv hvq|

( ªóe¨ t wRjøyi ingvb wmwÏKx, Ô‡n eb¨ ¯‡cœivÕ Kv‡eï f~wgKv Ask, 1976)|

Kwe `xN©Kvj KwjKvZvi bMi Rxe‡bi ¯úk© †c‡qwQ‡jb| GB Kv‡eï

KweZv I m‡bU¸‡jv‡Z †mB bvMwiK Rxe‡bi Qvc †ek ¯úó| bMi Rxe‡bi

†e`bv‡eva I AwbðqZvi cÖwZdjb †mB me KweZvq cÖvq jÿ¨ Kiv hvq|

bvg KweZvqI GB •ewkó¨ ¯úó t

AÜKvi| M~p AÜKvi-

fqsKix G iRbx evû‡Z Rov‡q Kvj mvc

gvbylx we‡e‡K ïay cwo‡Z‡Q kqZvbx Pvc

cvke cÖZvc|

(Ô‡n eb¨ ¯‡cœivÕ, Ô‡n eb¨ ¯‡cœivÕ)

g„Zz¨-wP‰Ív Kwe‡K e¨wZe¨ Í K‡i †i‡LwQj| bvMwiK Rxe‡b g„Zzï

Dcw wZi wPÎ †hb g„Zcyixi cwiZ¨³ cÖv‰Íi t

GKw`b †h G‡m‡Q, GKw`b †h f‡i‡Q eyK

AvR Zvi wPý bvB, g‡b nq em‰Í e‡bi

†kl wPý gy‡Q w`‡q Rv‡M g„Zz¨ fqvj Drme,

GLv‡b gvbyl wQj AvR ïay c‡o Av‡Q ke|

(ÔmgvwßÕ, Ô‡n eb¨ ¯‡cœivÕ)

GB g„Zzï Rb¨ Kwe cyuwRev`‡K `vqx K‡i‡Qbt


cvK© mvK©v‡mi mv‡_ †gjv‡Z e uv‡a bv

nvweqvi †Kvb cjøx

cyuwRev`x cyuR

†h‡nZz Rgv‡bv †`wL D³ Wv÷we‡b

(Ôe¨w³MZÕ, Ô‡n eb¨ ¯‡cœivÕ)

Kwe Aek¨ g„Zz¨ Avi nZvkvi g‡a¨B GKUvbv AvU‡K _v‡Kb wb|

AwP‡iB wZwb Avkvev`x n‡q‡Qb, wd‡i †M‡Qb Rxe‡bi Kv‡Q t

I‡i †gvi gb

Kvb †c‡Z †kv‡bv Zzwg Rxe‡bi wecyj ¯ú‱`b|

Zzwg Rv‡bv G g„Zzï wPieÜ¨v iæ² giæZj,

`xY© Kwi †h‡Z cv‡i Abvqv‡m Avgvi jvOj|

(Ôcwi‡cÖwÿZÕ, Ô‡n eb¨ ¯‡cœivÕ)

†kl ch©‰Í Kwe fi K‡i‡Qb RbZvi kw³‡Z Ges RbZvi RvMi‡Yi

Kvj `xN©vwqZ Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb t

G gyn~‡Z© `xN© †nvK, RbZvi cÖgË K‡jøvj

†`vjv w`K Z…wßnxb Awbe©vY Kvgbvi gy‡L

bM′ gygy©ly©i ey‡K †klevi w`K †kl †`vj

`xN© †nvK G gyn~Z©|

(Ô‡kl gyn~Z©Õ, Ô‡n eb¨ ¯‡cœivÕ)

Ô†n eb¨ ¯‡c′ivÕ Kve¨MÖ‡‰ msM„nxZ KweZv¸‡jv cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi weavq

A‡bK¸‡jv KweZv‡ZB AcwiYwZi mvÿvZ cvIqv hvq| GgbwK A‡bK

KweZv •kjxi w`K †_‡KI AwbwðZ| wK‰‧ Zvi c‡iI GK_v ejv hvq, GB

Kv‡eï A‡bK KweZvi g‡a¨B bgbxqZv I jve‡Yï mÜvb cvIqv hvq|

Gme KweZvq Ggb A‡bK Qwe I wP‰Ív Dcw¯Z hv‡Z Avgiv GKRb Kwe‡K

Lyu‡R cvB, Kwei ü`q‡K dz‡Uv®§yL Ae vq jÿ Kwi| diiæ‡L †h ü`q

cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q dzU‡Z ïiæ K‡iwQj hv nq‡Zv cwiYwZ †c‡Z cvi‡Zv, wK‰‧

ev¯Íe mZ¨ n‡Q cwiYwZ cvq wb| (`ªóe¨ t wRjøyi ingvb wmwÏKx, diiæL Avng‡ì

KweZv ÒdiiæL Avng` t e¨w³ I KweÓ, c„. 430-31)|

Zvi Av‡MB Kwe GK bZzb c‡_ hvÎv ïiæ K‡ib| GB c‡_ hvÎv bv

Ki‡j nq‡Zv Avgiv Ab¨ GK diiæL‡K †c‡Z cviZvb whwb Ô‡n eb¨

¯‡c′ivÕ Gi avivq cwiYwZ jvf K‡i‡Qb| (`ªóe¨ t wRjøyi ingvb wmwÏKx, diiæL

Avng‡ì KweZv ÒdiiæL Avng` t e¨w³ I KweÓ, c„. 430)|

cieZx© ch©v‡q ÔKwei e¨w³mËv Abycw Z ev Ae¸wÉZÕ n‡q‡Q mZ¨

wK‰‧ †mLv‡b ÔbZzb Rxeb‡ev‡a wZwb gvZvj n‡q‡Qb|Õ [Ô†n eb¨ ¯‡cœivÕ Kve¨

†_‡K †h me KweZv GLv‡b D×…Z Kiv n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv wRjøyi ingvb wmwÏKx m¤úvw`Z

(cÖKvkK t dvIRyj Kwei Lvb, XvKv, 1976) Kve¨ †_‡K †bqv n‡q‡Q|]

†mB Rxeb‡eva ZvwoZ n‡q Ôevsjvi AvDk av‡bi †ÿ‡Z gw`bvi

†m․ifÕ wb‡q G‡m‡Qb Kwe| (†Ìqvb †gvnv¤§` AvRid ÔAbgbxq diiæLÕ,

ÒdiiæL Avng` t e¨w³ I KweÓ, kvnveyÏxb Avng` m¤úvw`Z, c„. 15)

Bmjvgx Av`‡k© jvwjZ n‡q bZzb GK Kve¨ w`M‡‰Íi m~Pbv Ki‡jb

wZwb| GB m~Pbv c‡e©i mv_©K m„wó ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ| Kwei cÖKvwkZ

cÖ_g Kve¨ ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ‡Z 18wU KweZv vb †c‡q‡Q| Kwei

g‡bvRMZ †h Av`k©MZ fvebv Øviv cøvweZ n‡qwQj Zv GB Kv‡eï

KweZv¸‡jv‡Z cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q| Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡mi cÖ_g w`b¸‡jv‡Z

gymwjg kw³ AwgZ weµ‡g wekvj f~L‡Û mv¤ªvR¨ we Ívi Ki‡Z mÿg

n‡qwQj| cÖvK-cvwK Ívb Avg‡j `y`©kvMÖ¯Í gymjgvb m¤úª`vq‡KI †mB

†M․iegq hy‡M cÖZ¨veZ©b Kivi Rb¨ GB Kv‡eï AwaKvsk KweZvq Kwe

Avn″vb Rvwb‡q‡Qb|

Ôwm‱`vev`Õ, Ôevi `wiqvqÕ, Ô`wiqvq †kl ivwÎÕ, ÔAvKvk bvweKÕ, Ô¯^Y©

CMjÕ, Ôcv‡ÄixÕ, ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ, ÔZzdvbÕ, ÔwbkvbÕ cÖf…wZ KweZvq

Kwei AZxZ Awfmvix g‡bvfv‡ei we‡kl cwiPq cvIqv hvq| AZxZ

†M․i‡ei Av‡jv‡K bZzb K‡i eZ©gvb‡K †X‡j mvRv‡bvi cÖZ¨q e¨³ n‡q‡Q

Ôwm‱`vev`Õ KweZvq t

†K‡U‡Q iwOb gLgj w`b, bZzb mdi AvR,

ïbwQ Avevi †bvbv `wiqvi WvK,

fv‡m †RviIqvi gD‡Ri wk‡i m‡d` Puvwì ZvR,

cvnvo eyj‱` †XD e‡q Av‡b †bvbv `wiqvi WvK;

bZzb cvwb‡Z mdi Gevi, †n gvwS wm‱`vev`|

(Ôwm›`vev`Õ, ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ)

Avie¨ Dcb¨v‡mi bvqK wm‱`vev` `ytmvnmx gymjgvb‡ì cÖZxK wn‡m‡e

Dc vwcZ n‡q‡Q| ¯xq m¤úª`v‡qi `y`©kvi mgq KZ ZvovZvwo we`vq †`qv

hvq Zvi Rb¨ e¨vKzjZv dz‡U D‡V‡Q Ôcv‡ÄixÕ KweZvq| cÖwZK ~j Ae vq c_

Pj‡Z KZUv AMÖmi n‡Z †c‡i‡Qb ZvI wRÁvmv Kiv n‡q‡Q GLv‡b t


`xNj iv‡Zi kÖv‰Í mdi †k‡l

†Kvb `wiqvi Kv‡jv w`M‡‰Í Avgiv c‡owQ G‡m?

(Ôcv‡ÄixÕ, ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ)

GK AvKyj cÖk′, AZj K¬vw‰Íi Abe`¨ wjwi‡Ki cÖwZg~wZ© GB KweZv

m¤¢eZ MxwZ-KweZvejxi g‡a¨ diiæ‡Li †kÖô iPbv| (`ªóe¨ t iwdKzj Bmjvg,

ÒdiiæL Avng‡ì KweZvÓ, ÒdiiæL Avng` t e¨w³ I KweÓ, H, c„. 527)|

gymwjg cybR©vMi‡Yi ¯‡c′ we‡fvi Kwei AZxZ fvebvi mv‡_ GLv‡b

ZvB eZ©gvb hy³ n‡q bZzb w`Kwb‡`©‡ki fvebv DPwKZ n‡q D‡V‡Q| Kwei

agx©q `k©b I Rxeb `k©‡bi †K‱`ªwe‱ y‡Z Ae¯vb K‡i‡Q Ô‡nivi Av‡jvKÕ

wkLv| †mB wkLvi gnvcøve‡b AZx‡Zi g‡Zv eZ©gv‡bI me mgm¨v `~i n‡q


hv‡e, gymwjg m¤úª`vq Avevi RÄvjgy³ cwi‡e‡k euvPvi c_ cv‡e GB wQj

Kwei wek¦vm| GB wek¦vm a″wbZ n‡q‡Q ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ KweZvq t

†n gvwS! Gevi Zzwg †c‡qv bv fq,

ZzwgI KzovI †nivi cw_K ZviKvi we¯§q,

SiæK-G S‡o bvi½x cvZv, Zey cvZv AMYb

wfo K‡i-‡h_v RvM‡Q †nivi ivR †ZviY|

(ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ, ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ)

†nivi ivR‡Zvi‡Y DcbxZ n‡q me mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ Kwe ZvB

D`vË Avn″vb Rvbv‡Qb t

Z‡e cvj †Lv‡jv, Z‡e †bv½i †Zv‡jv;

Gevi A‡bK c_ †k‡l mÜvbx!

†nivi †ZviY wgj‡e m¤§y‡L Rvwb

Z‡e †bv½i †Zv‡jv

Z‡e Zzwg cvj †Lv‡jv,

Z‡e Zzwg cvj †Lv‡jv||

(mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS;, ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ)

GB Kv‡e¨ †cÖ‡gi KweZv Av‡Q `yÕwU t ÔkvnwiqviÕ I ÔS‡ivKvÕ| †cÖ‡gi

†ÿ‡ÎI †h Kwe eZ©gvb †cÖÿvcU A‡cÿv AZx‡Z wePiY Ki‡Z ¯vQ‱`¨

†eva K‡ib Zvi ¯vÿi Av‡Q GB KweZv `yÕwU‡Z| Avie¨ Dcb¨v‡mi ev`kv

kvnwiqv‡ii †cÖg Kvwnbx wb‡q KweZv yÕwU iwPZ n‡q‡Q| Kwei †ivgvw‱UK

g‡bi AZ…wß, †e`bv‡eva, e¨vKzjZv BZ¨vw` D‡b¥vwPZ n‡q‡Q ÔWvûKÕ

KweZvq| ¯c′vwfmv‡ii e¨_©Zvi evYx evi evi †R‡M I‡V Kwe wP‡Ë t

cvZvq wkwk‡i...

Rxe‡bi Zx‡i Zx‡i ...

gi‡Yi Zx‡i Zx‡i...

†e`bv wbe©vK

†m wbweo AvQb′ wZwg‡i

eyK wP‡i, †Kvb K¬v‰Í KÉ wN‡i `~i e‡b D‡V ïay

Z„lv`xY© Wvû‡Ki WvK|

(ÔWvûKÕ ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ)

gvby‡li weinx g‡bi wPi‰Íb iƒc GB KweZvi Q‡Î Q‡Î dz‡U D‡V‡Q|

GB KweZvq evsjvi cwi‡ek, we‡klZ cjøx evsjvi wPÎ †ek `ÿZvi mv‡_

dzwU‡q †Zvjv n‡q‡Q| Ô‡n eb¨ ¯‡c′ivÕ Kv‡e¨ evsjvi b`x-bvjv, MvQ-

MvQvjx, cï-cvwL †hgb Kwe‡K bvov w`‡qwQj Zvi †ik GLv‡bI jÿ Kiv

hvq| Z‡e G KweZvq Kwe evsjvi cvwL‡KI Zuvi Av`k©MZ †PZbvi

cwigÛ‡j Dcw Z K‡i‡Qb| ZvB ÔWvû‡Ki WvKÕ Kwei Kv‡Q AvKvk

Rgv‡bv Nb Ai‡Yï A‰Íjx©b e¨_vZzi Mfxi wmÜzi Aciƒc myi, †h my‡i

AvZ¥v RvMÖZ nq, m„wói Amxg inm¨ D`&NvwUZ nq|Õ (iwdKzj Bmjvg,

Òdiiæ‡Li AvKvOÿvÓ, ÒdiiæL Avng` t e¨w³ I KweÓ, c„. 527)|

ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ Kv‡eï e¨wZµgagx© `yÕwU KweZv n‡Q ÔjvkÕ I

ÔAvDjv`Õ| ÔHwZn¨, Av`k© Ges Rxe mgw‰Z wfwË †c‡q‡QÕ KweZvØ‡q|

( ªóe¨ t nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb, AvaywbK Kwe I KweZv, c„. 202)|

gvby‡li `ytL-‡e`bvi cvkvcvwk GLv‡b mgMÖ mf¨Zvi cÖwZ Kwe wa°vi

Rvbv‡Qb| cÂv‡ki g‰^‰Í‡i AmsL¨ gvby‡li g„Zz¨ Kwe‡K GZUvB DZjv

K‡i w`‡qwQj †h wZwb jv‡ki g‡a¨ gvbeZv-we‡ivax Ôg„Z mf¨Zvi g„Z KeiÕ

`k©b Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡Qb t

mv‡o wZb nvZ nvo iwP‡Z‡Q gvby‡li Aw‰Íg Kei|

c‡o Av‡Q g„Z gvbeZv|

Zvwi mv‡_ c‡_ gyL u‡R|

(ÔjvkÕ, ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ)

cwi‡k‡l Kwe ÔRo mf¨ZvÕ I Ô‡kvlK mgv‡RiÕ a″sm Kvgbv K‡i‡Qb|

ÔAvDjv`Õ KweZv‡ZI gvbeKj¨v‡Yi Kvgbv cÖwZa″wbZ n‡q‡Q| Roev`x

mf¨Zvi KzrwmZ †kvl‡Yi Aemvb NwU‡q gvby‡li wbivc` fwel¨‡Zi Rb¨

GB KweZvq Kwe AvKzjZv cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|

diiæL Avng‡ì †kÖô Kve¨ e‡j mgv‡jvP‡Kiv ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ‡K

MY¨ K‡ib| GB Kv‡e¨ Ô‡hgb Av‡Q ¯c′, †m․‱`h©‡eva I D¾xe‡bi †cÖiYv,

†Zgwb Av‡Q e‱`x`kvi Rb¨ nvnvKvi I AvnvRvwi| Av‡Q AvZ¥wa°vi Ges

wbh©vwZZ, wbcxwoZ I `ywf©ÿcxwoZ ÿzavZzi gvby‡li Rb¨ Mfxi ggZ¡‡evaÕ|

( ªóe¨ t †gvnv¤§` gvndzRDjøvn&, Òdiiæ‡Li KweZv t Zuvi wkíiƒcÓ, ÔdiiæL Avng` t

e¨w³ I KweÕ, c„. 464-65)|

cvwK Ívb cÖwZôvi cÖv°v‡j Kwei ÿz`ª Kve¨ ÔAvRv` K‡iv cvwK ÍvbÕ

KwjKvZv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq| Kve¨wU eZ©gv‡b `y®úÖvc¨| †gvnv¤§`

gvndzRDjøvn GB ÿz`ª Kve¨wU m¤ú‡K© GK cÖe‡Ü Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| (`ªóe¨

t †gvnv¤§` gvndzRDjøvn&, Ôevsjv Kv‡e¨ cvwK ÍvbÕ, ÔgvwmK cyevjxÕ, fv ª, 1371)|

GB Kv‡e¨ KweZv Av‡Q 10wU t Ô‡d․‡Ri MvbÕ, ÔAvRv` K‡iv cvwK ÍvbÕ,

ÔIovI SvÛvÕ, ÔKv‡q‡` AvRg wR‱`vev`Õ, ÔbZzb †gvniigÕ Ôc_Õ,

ÔcvwK Ív‡bi KweÕ, ÔivwÎi AMva e‡bÕ, ÔKvwiMiÕ, ÔRvwjgÕ I ÔgRjygÕ|

gymwjg jxM KZ©„K M„nxZ cvwK Ívb cÖ Ív‡e gymjgvb‡ì Rb¨ †h Avjv`v ivóª

cÖwZôvi K_v ejv n‡qwQj Kwe Zv‡Z we‡klfv‡e AbycÖvwYZ n‡q GB

KweZv¸‡jv †j‡Lb| cvwK¯Ívb ej‡Z wZwb ïay gvÎ GKLÛ f~wg‡KB ey‡Sb

wb, eis cvwK Ívb‡K wZwb Abyfe K‡i‡Qb ¯c′ I Av`‡k©i jvjbvMvi

wn‡m‡e| Kv‡eï cwiwPwZg~jK e³‡eÏ wZwb cvwK Ívb `vwe m¤ú‡K© Zuvi

gZvgZ †i‡L‡Qb| †mLv‡b wZwb e‡j‡Qb, Ò¯vaxb n‡q euvPevi AwaKvi


gvbyl gv‡ÎiB| wb‡Ri Pievi gv‡V wb‡Ri m¤ú~Y© AwaKvi `vwe A‡h․w³K

bq| Gw`K †_‡K cvwK Ívb `vwe Lv`¨vLv‡`ï g‡Zv we‡ewPZ n‡jI Zv

MÖnY‡hvM¨| Lv`¨vLv‡`ï wePvi Rxe‡kÖô gvby‡li, cïi bq Ges gvbyl hLb

euv‡P, ¯vaxb n‡qB euv‡P|Ó

cvwK Ívb cÖwZwôZ n‡j gvby‡li `ytL-`y`©kv _vK‡e bv, AZ¨vPvi Ryjyg

_vK‡e bv, A_©vr GKUv Av`k© ivóª wn‡m‡e cvwK Ívb M‡o DV‡e e‡j Kwe

wek¦vm Ki‡Zb| eZ©gvb †kvlK-kvmKiv n‡U wM‡q ¯vaxb cvwK Ív‡b wbib′

gvby‡li cÖvavb¨ cÖwZwôZ n‡e e‡j Kwe †h g‡bvfve †cvlY Ki‡Zb ZviB

cÖwZdjb N‡U‡Q GB Kv‡eï wewfb′ KweZvq| GKwU KweZvq wZwb e‡jbÑ

ivRwmK Avo¤‡i P‡j‡Q †h c_

GL‡bv cvke-M‡e©-‡m c‡_i Avqy

Gj †kl n‡q : Wv‡K gvby‡li c_

wbib′, ÿzwaZ kxY© gvby‡li c_,

awl©Zv gv‡qi wi³ µ‱`‡bi c_|

(Ôc_Õ, ÔAvRv` K‡iv cvwK ÍvbÕ)

diiæL Avng` nhiZ †gvnv¤§` cÖ`wk©Z Bmjvgx Av`‡k©i cÖwZ GKv‰ÍB

Av¯vkxj wQ‡jb| bZzb cvwK Ív‡b Bmjvgx Av`k© AbymiY K‡i

cvwK Ívbx‡ì e¨w³‡Z¡i c~Y© weKvk mvwaZ n‡e e‡j wZwb g‡b Ki‡Zb| GB

Kv‡eï Av‡iKwU KweZvq Kwei Kíbv t

me k„LwjZ g‡b †R‡M‡Q AvRv` cvwK Ívb,

mKj ¯vbyi ey‡K DVv‡q‡Q AvR †m Zzdvb;

ÿz`ª evjyKYv †`‡L euvagy³ mvnviv wekvj|

†m evjy‡Z Kvb †c‡Z Avwg ïwb Kvwm`v bZzb

ewjô mËvi gv‡S cvB c~Y© e¨vwßi Avk¦vm;

me gywg‡bi w`j gy¯Ídvi AUzU feb|

(ÔcvwK Ív‡bi Kwe Avjøvgv BKevjÕ, ÔAvRv` K‡iv cvwK ÍvbÕ)

DwbkwU KweZv wb‡q ÔwmivRvg gybxivÕ Kve¨ cÖKvwkZ nq cvwK Ívb

cÖwZôvi ci| Z‡e Gi AwaKvsk KweZv cvwK Ívb c~e©Kv‡j iwPZ n‡qwQj|

( ªóe¨ t mvC`-Di ingvb, c~e© evsjvi ivRbxwZ-ms¯‥…wZ I KweZv, c„. 163)|

nhiZ †gvnv¤§` I Zuvi AbyMvgx‡ì A‡bK Kvwnbx GB Kv‡eï wewfb′

KweZvq vb †c‡q‡Q| KweZv¸‡jv cvV Ki‡j g‡b nq ¯vwc′K Kwe diiæL

Avng` †hb GLv‡b mgvRKgx©i f~wgKvB †ewk K‡i cvjb Ki‡Qb|

cvwK Ívb Av‡‱`vjb Z_v gymwjg cybR©vMiY Av‡‱`vj‡bi cÖvYevqy‡Z cyó

diiæ‡Li †h Kwe †PZbv ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ Kv‡e¨ AZxZ HwZ‡nï

¯c′a¨v‡b ù~wZ jvf K‡iwQj, †mB Kwe †PZbvB ÔwmivRvg gybxivÕ‡Z gymwjg

cybM©V‡bi Av`k© c‰v wb‡`©‡k DØy× n‡qwQj| ( ªóe¨ t mybxj Kzgvi gy‡Lvcva¨vq,

Kwe diiæL Avng`, bI‡ivR wKZvwe¯Ívb, XvKv, 1969, c„. 109)|

ZvB GB Kve¨wU‡K ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ Kv‡eï Av`k©MZ ev Íe

DcmsnviI ejv P‡j| eZ©gvb hy‡Mi gymjgvb m¤úª`v‡qi •`b¨`kvi KviY

AbymÜvb K‡i Kwe †`L‡Z †c‡q‡Qb †h, Bmjv‡gi ewjô Av`k© †_‡K

wePz¨wZi d‡j gymjgvbiv `ytL-`y`©kvq cwZZ n‡q‡Q| GB wech©‰Í Ae¯v

†_‡K cwiÎv‡Yi Dcvq n‡Q nhiZ †gvnv¤§`mn †Lvjvdv‡q iv‡kw`‡bi I

Ab¨vb¨ gbxlxi Z¨vM, †mev I msh‡gi Av`k© AbymiY Kiv| GB Av`k©

AbymiY Kivi Avn″vb Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q ÔwmivRvg gybxivÕ, ÔAvey eKi wQwÏKÕ,

ÔIgi ìvR w`j,Õ ÔImgvb MwYÕ, ÔAvjx nvq`viÕ, ÔMImyj AvRgÕ, ÔLvRv

bKke‱`Õ, ÔmyjZvbyj wn‱`,Õ ÔgyRvwÏ` Avj‡dmvbxÕ cÖf…wZ KweZvq| nhiZ

†gvnv¤§‡ì AvMg‡b GKw`b †hfv‡e we‡k¦ bZzb Rxe‡bi †Rvqvi e‡q

wM‡qwQj AvRI †ZgbUv NU‡Z cv‡i hw` Zuvi Av`k© AbymiY Kiv nq|

Bmjvgx Av`‡k©i wfwË‡Z RvMi‡Yi BswMZ †`Lv hvq bvg KweZvq t GB

KweZvwU‡Z Ômydx mvabvi c×wZi gva¨‡g mZ¨ Avwe®‥viÕ Gi K_v ejv

n‡q‡Q| (•mq` Avjx Avnmvb, ÔdiiæL Avng`Õ, ÔdiiæL Avng` t e¨w³ I KweÕ, c„.

354)|

Rv‡M myhyß g„Z Rbc`, Rv‡M kZvãx Ny‡gi cvov|

nviv mw¤Z wd‡i w`‡Z ey‡K Zzwg Av‡bv wcÖq AvenvqvZ,

Rvwb wmivRvg gybxiv †Zvgvi iwk¥‡Z Rv‡M †KvUx cÖfvZ,

Ze we`y¨rKYv-ù~wj‡½ jyKv‡bv i‡q‡Q jÿ w`b,

†Zvgvi Av‡jvq Rv‡M wmwÏK, wRb′yivBb, Avjx bexb,

Nyg †f‡½ hvq Avj dviæ‡KiÑ‡nwi I cÖfvZ †R¨vwZ®§vb

gy³ D`vi Av‡jv‡K †Zvgvi AMYb wkLv cvq †h cÖvY|

(ÔwmivRvg gybxivÕ, ÔwmivRvg gybxivÕ)

nhiZ †gvnv¤§‡ì ci G‡K G‡K †Lvjvdv‡q iv‡kw`‡bi Pvi Lwjdvi

PwiÎ gvnvZ¥¨ eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q PviwU KweZvq| Z¨vM, †mev I Av`k©wbôvi

aviK nhiZ Avey eKi, mZ¨, b¨vq I †mevi cÖZxK nhiZ Igi, mZ¨ I

Z¨v‡Mi Lwjdv nhiZ Imgvb Ges gnvexi nhiZ Avjxi Av`k© GB PviwU

KweZvq Kwe ¯§iY Kwi‡q w`‡q‡Qb| GQvov nhiZ Avãyj Kv‡ì wRjvbxmn

PviRb ag©mva‡Ki K_vI PviwU m‡b‡U D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ave`yj Kv‡ì

wRjvbxi Av`‡k© bZzb w`‡bi cÖZ¨vkv K‡i‡Qb Kwe t

G wbiÜ« ke©ixi AÜKv‡i Zxeª `y¨wZ nvwb

Zwg ªv-wegy³ b‡f RvMvI bZzb m ~‡h©v`q|

ewjô wms‡ni g‡Zv kw³gvb, GKv‰Í wbf©q

R¡xjvb m~‡h©i iwk¥ hvK AvR Liiwk¥ `vwb|

(MvIQzj AvRg, wmivRvg gybxiv)

Bmjvgx Av`k© cÖwZôvi Rb¨ GB Kv‡eï K‡qKwU KweZvq Z¨v‡Mi c‡_

gymjgvb mgvR‡K GwM‡q Avmvi Avn″vb Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Kvievjvi Av`k©

ZrKvjxb gymjgvb mgv‡Ri †PZbv‡K kvwYZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e e‡j Kwe wek¦vm


Ki‡Zb| Ô‡nivi wkLi P~ovÕi †h Avn″vb Kwe mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS‡Z

ï‡bwQ‡jb Zvi mv‡_ myi wgjv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb GB Kv‡eï GKwU KweZvq t

hwÌ k¦vc` †Zv‡j welv³ dYv

hwÌ GLv‡b Amn¨ nÕj nxbZvi h‰¿Yv

Zey eû`y‡i WvK w`j AvR †nivi wkLi P~ov

†Wivi KcvU †Lv‡jv AvR eÜziv,

cvkweKZvi jjv‡U Zx² Zxi D`¨Z K‡iv

GB msMÖvg...‡Rnv‡` e„nËi...

cÖMvp i³ cvcwo †Lvjvi gZ

GKwU wb‡gl `vI †gv‡i A‰ÍZ||

(GB msMÖvg, wmivRvg gybxiv)

GB Kv‡eï wfb′agx© wZbwU KweZv n‡Q ÔgbÕ, Ô‡cÖgc‰xÕ I ÔAkÖæ-

we‱ yÕ| GB KweZv¸‡jv‡Z Kwe †ivgvw‱UK ü`qvbyfzwZi cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|

•biv‡kï Aemv` gvby‡li g‡bvRMZ‡K cÖvqB AvQb′ K‡i _v‡K, KweI Zv

†_‡K gy³ bb| Ôe‱`xi ¯‡c′i gZ wegy³ gbÕ Gi ¯vfvweK cÖKvk jÿ¨ Kiv

hvq ÔgbÕ KweZvq t

gb †gvi Avmb′ mÜ¨vi wZwg gvQÑ

Wze w`j ivwÎi mvM‡i|

Zey ïwb `~i n‡Z †f‡m Av‡mÑ‡m AvIqvR

Aeiæ× Lv‡Ki wmbvq|

m~h© gywQqv‡Q eY© †Mva~wj †g‡Ni K¬v‰Í wgbv‡ii Mvq,

MwZ AvR bvB‡Kv nvIqvq

wbweo mywßi Av‡M †ev‡S bv †m kvw‰Í bvB ZwgkÖv cv_v‡i|

(gb t wmivRvg gybxiv)

Bmjv‡gi mviZË¡ GB Kv‡e¨ Z_v GB ch©v‡q Kwei g‡b `vbv euva‡jI

Ômvg‰ÍZ‡‰¿i aviYv¸‡jv Kwei gb †_‡K m¤ú~Y© wbwðý nqwb...nhiZ imy‡j

AvKiv‡gi (`:) cÖkw Í eY©bvi m~Pbv‡Z wZwb Zuv‡K kvnvbkv‡ni ms‡M Zzjbv

K‡i‡Qb| (`ªóe¨ t †Ìqvb †gvnv¤§` AvRid, Ôevsjv Kv‡e¨ Kwe diiæL Avng`Õ,

ÔdiiæL Avng` t e¨w³ I KweÕ, c„. 323)|

Kwei iwPZ GKkZwU m‡bU wb‡q cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q Ôgyn~‡Z©i KweZvÕ|

BwZc~‡e© Av‡jvwPZ KweZv¸‡jv‡Z Bmjvgx Av`k©, †ivgvw‱UKZv I AZxZ

Awfmvix Kwe gvb‡mi †h cwiPq cvIqv hvq, GB Kv‡eï m‡bU¸‡jvi

g‡aÏ A‡bK †ÿ‡Î AZx‡Zi cÖwZ †gvnvQb′ „wó, HwZn¨‡eva I

Av`k©cÖxwZi Dcw wZ jÿYxq n‡q I‡V| Z‡e A‡bK¸‡jv m‡b‡UB Avevi

eZ©gv‡bi iƒp ev ÍeZv, RwUjZv BZ¨vwì cÖKvkI †`Lv hvq| Ôgyn~‡Z©i

KweZvÕ Kv‡e¨ †h m‡bU¸‡jv vb †c‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv‡Z Kwe Ôweï×

ü`qvbyfzwZi cÖKvk NwU‡q‡Qb, Avcb cvwicvk¦© m¤ú‡K© myZxeª †PZbvi

cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb, hyM I Rxeb, ¯‡`k I ms¯‥…wZ m¤ú‡K© Avcbvi wP‰Ív e¨³

K‡i‡Qb| (`ªóe¨ t mybxj Kzgvi gy‡Lvcva¨vq, Kwe diiæL Avng`, c„. 192)|

cvK evsjvi mvwn‡Zï Drm Avi HwZ‡nï mÜvb jv‡fi †PóvI

cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q A‡bK m‡b‡Ui g‡a¨| Kv‡eï cÖ_g m‡bU Ôgyn~‡Z©i

KweZvÕ‡Z ÿwY‡Ki fvebv-wP‰Ív‡K wPi‰ÍbZ¡ †`qvi cÖqv‡mi A‰Íiinm¨

e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q| ÔMwZgvb gyn~‡Z©ivÕ, Aaxi Avi DÏvg n‡q Qz‡U hvq

Gw`K-‡mw`K| G‡ì‡K a‡i ivLvi cÖZ¨‡q cÖ_g m‡b‡Ui †kl w`‡K Kwe

e‡j‡Qb t

gyn~‡Z©i G KweZv, gyn~‡Z©i GB KjZvb

nq‡Zv cv‡e bv K‡É cwic~Y© †m myi m¤¢vi

nq‡Zv cv‡e bv Lyu‡R mvd‡jï c‡_i mÜvb,

mvgvb¨ mÂq wb‡q †h †P‡q‡Q mgy‡`ªi cvi;

Zey g‡b †i‡Lv Zzwg bMY¨ I ÿwY‡Ki Mvb

wgbv‡ii `¤¢ †Q‡o g~j¨ Pvq aywj KwYKvi||

(gyn~‡Z©i KweZv)

gyn~‡Z©i GB fve, K_v fvebv BZ¨vwÌ †h g~j¨nxb bq Zv-B Kwe A‡bK

m‡b‡U ej‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| †m Kvi‡Y Kwe KweZv‡K, Ômgm¨vKxY© G RM‡ZÕ

Avmvi Avg‰¿Y Rvwb‡q‡Qb, Avi ¯^c′‡K Avn″vb K‡i‡Qb Ôc_ kÖv‰Í †Mva~wj

Av‡jv‡KÕ (ÔKweZvi cÖwZÕ)|

Ô‡KvwKjÕ, Ô‣ekvLxÕ, ÔSoÕ, Ôe„wóÕ cÖf…wZ m‡b‡U Kwei wbmM© fvebv

cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q| eQ‡ii wewfb′ mg‡q cÖK…wZi wewfb′ e‡Y©i Dcw wZ Ges

†mB mv‡_ gvby‡li g‡bi cwiewZ©Z Abyf~wZi cÖwZdjb N‡U‡Q Gme

KweZvq| Kwei iwPZ †cÖg I †h․eb welqK m‡bU¸‡jvi g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨

n‡Q ÔgqbvgwZi gv‡VÕ, ÔiƒcK_vÕ, ÔZzwg RvM‡j bvÕ BZ¨vw`| ÔgqbvgwZi

gv‡VÕ bv‡gi PviwU m‡b‡U iƒcK_vkÖqx †cÖgwPÎ AswKZ n‡q‡Q| ÔZzwg

RvM‡j bvÕ bvgK m‡b‡U ¯^c′fsMRwbZ e¨_©Zvi nvnvKvi dz‡U D‡V‡Q|

Av‡Mi Kve¨¸‡jv‡Z Bmjvgx Av`k©, AZxZ Awfmvi, HwZn¨ mÜvb BZ¨vw`

†h fve cÖvavb¨ †c‡qwQj GB Kv‡eï A‡bK¸‡jv m‡b‡UI †mB fve

eZ©gvb| ¯‡`k fvebv I HwZn¨PviYvg~jK m‡bU¸‡jv‡Z Bmjvgx fvev`k©

I Rxebv`‡k©i cÖwZ Kwei AbyivM ¯úó n‡q D‡V‡Q| Ôb`xi †`kÕ bvgK

m‡b‡U Avi‡ei gvwU G‡`‡ki gvwUi mv‡_ wg‡k †M‡Q e‡j Kwe eY©bv

K‡i‡Qb Ges GKwU A`„k¨ b`xi aviv evsjv †_‡K gw`bv ch©‰Í we Í…Z n‡q‡Q

e‡j wZwb Kíbv K‡i‡Qb| ÔjvjevM †KjøvÕ, Ô‡mvbvi MuvI; GKwU cÖvPxb

¯§„wZÕ cÖf…wZ m‡b‡U AZx‡Zi ¯§„wZPviY Kiv n‡q‡Q| gymwjg HwZ‡nï

Mfx‡i `„wó wbe× Kiv n‡q‡Q ÔBwZnvmÕ, Ôe‱`‡ii ¯c′Õ cÖf…wZ m‡b‡U|


Ôevsjv fvlvi cÖwZÕ I ÔPjwZ fvlvq cÖwZÕ m‡bU `yÕwU‡Z evsjv fvlv

weKv‡k gymjgv‡bi Ae`v‡bi K_v D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| ms¯‥…‡Zi MwÛ †_‡K

evsjv fvlv‡K Ô‡h․ebÕ `vb K‡iwQj gymwjg Kweiv-GK_v ejv n‡q‡Q ÔPjwZ

fvlvi cyuw_Õ KweZvq| cyuw_ mvwn‡Zï cÖwZ Kwei mxgvnxb AvKl©‡Yi K_v

e¨³ n‡q‡Q Ôcyuw_i AvmiÕ, Ôknx‡` KvievjvÕ, ÔkvnbvgvÕ, ÔAvjxd jvqjvÕ,

Ô`~ieZx© Øx‡ci inm¨Õ cÖf…wZ KweZvq| Ôk‡e Kì Dcj‡ÿÕ I Ôk‡e eivZ

cÖm‡½Õ m‡bU `yÕwU‡Z Kwei agx©q wek¦v‡mi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q|

Ô‡di‡`․mxÕ, ÔiægxÕ, Ômv`xÕ, ÔnvwdRÕ, I Ôkvn Mixeyjøvn&Õ bvgK

m‡bU¸‡jv n‡Q cÖkw¯Íg~jK| c~e©m~ix‡ì D‡Ï‡k¨ wbR ü`‡qi kÖ×v wb‡e`b

Ki‡Z wM‡q Kwe GLv‡b ÔcvK evsjvÕ mvwn‡Zï Drm wb‡`©k Ki‡Z cÖqvmx

n‡q‡Qb| ÔnvwdRÕ KweZvq †mB Dr‡mi eY©bv †ek ¯úó t

†evLviv, mgiK‱` weKv‡jv †h Mv‡ji wZ‡ji

e`‡j, fv‡ei mv‡_ †`Lv‡jv †h fvlvi wgjb,

ÔkvÕ bR‡ii †k‡l be ei-ea~i †hgb

cwic~Y© mw¤§jbÑZby, gb, gy» ü`‡qi,

†cÖgc‰x †mB Kwe †R‡MwQj fv‡M¨ Biv‡Yi,

g„Zz¨nxb eyjeyj K‡iwQj gyLi Kvbb,

iæKbvev‡ì c_ ï‡bwQj †h KjK~Rb,

†m MxwZKv VuvB †c‡jv Z…òvZß cÖv‡Y Rvnv‡bi|

ÔmvZvb′i KweZvÕ bv‡g `yÕwU KweZvi GKwU‡Z wmcvnx we‡`ªv‡ni K_v

ejv n‡q‡Q Ges Ab¨wU‡Z Invex Av‡‱`vj‡bi †bZv •mq` Avn¤§` †eªjfxi

†M․i‡ev¾¡j f~wgKvi K_v ¯§iY Kiv n‡q‡Q| ÔKwei cÖwZÕ m‡b‡U diiæL

Avng` Kwe BKev‡ji K_v ¯§iY K‡i‡Qb| ÔwPivMx cvnvoÕ, ÔRvjvjx

KeyZiÕ, ÔcÖv_©bvÕ (1-2)ÑGB KweZv¸‡jv‡Z Bmjvgx Av`‡k©i w`‡K Kwei

fvebv cÖjw¤Z n‡q‡Q| Kwe †nivi Av‡jv‡K wPivMx cvnv‡oi kxl©‡`‡k ¯c′

†`‡Lb|

diiæL Avng‡ì †ivgvw‱UK g‡bi AvZ¥mgxÿY jÿ Kiv hvq ÔweMZÕ,

ÔcwiwPZÕ, ÔnvZNwoÕ, ÔwelY′ gyn~‡Z©i myiÕ cÖf…wZ KweZvq| wek¦eªþv‡Ûi

Ab‰ÍKvj cÖev‡ni cUf~wg‡Z Rxe‡bi cwiYv‡gi K_v e¨³ n‡q‡Q ÔivwÎi

NUbvÕ, ÔkZvãxÕ, Ô‡gvwZwSjÕ I Ô‡Kv‡n‱`vÕ KweZvq| ÿY vqx Rxe‡bi

AZ…wß‡eva Zxeªfv‡e GBme KweZvq dz‡U D‡V‡Q| gvbyl c„w_ex‡K Avcb

K‡i fv‡e, wK‰‧ GB Avcb c„w_ex ‡_‡KI P‡j †h‡Z nq, c„w_ex †Q‡o P‡j

hvIqvi †e`bv KweI ¯úófv‡e Abyfe K‡ib| Zvi mvÿ¨ t

ZvB evjyP‡i A_ev kn‡i

‣PÎZß w`‡b hviv †eu‡awQj GK`v †g․PvK

D‡o hvq Zviv AvR eû`~i c‡_ ebv‰Í‡i||

(‡gvwZwSj t gyn~‡Z©i KweZv)

mg‡qi Ab‰Í cÖev‡n ÔA‡bK wKQz ejv nqwbÕ, Ôeyèy‡ì Kvb′vnvwmÕ Avi

ÔmskwqZ KvjÕ-Gi K_v †f‡e Kwe Aemv`MÖ Í n‡q c‡ob| Aemv` gvLv

g‡b ÔAuvav‡ii fqÕ Rv‡M Kv‡eï DrmM©c‡Îi g‡aÏ|

diiæL Avng‡ì Avwk c„ôvi Kve¨-bvU¨ Ô‡b․‡dj I nv‡ZgÕ cÖKvwkZ

nq 1961 m‡b| MÖ‰vKv‡i cÖKv‡ki Av‡M GwU Ôgv‡n bIÕ cwÎKvq

avivevwnKfv‡e cÖKvwkZ nq| gvbeZvi wbt¯v_© †mevi gva¨‡gB AvKvwOÿZ

gymwjg ivóª MVb Z_v Bmjvgx cybR©vMiY m¤¢eÑGB mZ¨wU Kwe GB

Kve¨bv‡Uï ga¨ w`‡q eySv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| ÔKve¨ bq, Mvb bq, wkí bqÕ,

ÔNyg‰ÍÕ mKj gvbyl‡K RvMv‡Z cv‡i Ôwbt¯v_©, Z¨vMx I Kgx©,

†meveªZxÕÑGK_vB a″wbZ n‡q‡Q Kve¨bv‡Uï mgvwß‡Z kv‡q‡ii K‡É|

Kve¨bv‡Uï Kvwnbx t Avi‡ei GK gnvb PwiÎ nv‡ZgZvqx whwb ivRmyL

†Q‡o gvby‡li †mevi Rb¨ †b‡g G‡m‡Qb mvavi‡Yi gv‡S| Acvi L¨vwZi

AwaKvix `xb-`wi‡`ªi Rxeb-hvcbKvix †qg‡bi kvnRv`v nv‡Z‡gi g~j

cÖwZcÿ n‡q uvovq cÖZvekvjx kvmK †b․‡dj| †b․‡dj †P‡qwQj wb‡R

L¨vwZgvb n‡Z, wK‰‧ nv‡Z‡gi Rb¨ Zuvi D‡Ïk¨ wm× n‡Q bv, nv‡Z‡gi

D¾¡j L¨vwZ I RbwcÖqZvi Kv‡Q †b․‡dj wbZv‰ÍB wb®úÖf| Ae‡k‡l

†b․‡dj nv‡Z‡gi ivR¨ AvµgY K‡i nv‡Zg‡K c‡_i wfLvix K‡i| wK‰‧

Zv‡Z nv‡Zg `‡g †M‡jb bv, RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ wM‡q Zv‡ì †mev Ki‡Z

jvM‡jb| †b․‡dj wfLvix nv‡Z‡gi RbwcÖqZvi K_v ï‡b Zv‡K nZ¨v Kivi

cwiKíbv K‡i Ges Zvi g Í‡Ki Rb¨ cyi¯‥vi †NvlYv K‡i| wK‰‧ RbM‡Yi

ü`‡qi ivRv nv‡Zg‡K †KD awi‡q w`‡jb bv| Ae‡k‡l nv‡Zg wb‡RB G‡m

†b․‡d‡ji Kv‡Q aiv w`‡jb| GK e„× KvVz‡i‡K mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨ wb‡Ri

g Í‡Ki wewbg‡q A_© `vwe Ki‡jb nv‡Zg| wew¯§Z I Íw¤¢Z †b․‡dj

nv‡Z‡gi gn‡Ë¡ gy» n‡q nv‡Z‡gi w`‡K eÜz‡Z¡i nvZ cÖmvwiZ Ki‡Z eva¨

n‡jv|

Ô‡b․‡dj I nv‡ZgÕ Kve¨ bvU‡Ki Kvwnbxi mv‡_ iex‱`ªbv‡_i Ôg¯ÍK

weµqÕ KweZvi ûeû wgj †`Lv hvq| †mLv‡b †b․‡d‡ji f~wgKvq KvkxivR

Ges nv‡Z‡gi f~wgKvq †KvkjivR| Kvwnbxi Rb¨ diiæL Avng`

iex‱`ªbv‡_i Kv‡Q FYx bv n‡jI Ô‡b․‡dj I nv‡ZgÕ-Gi bvU¨ m¤¢vebv

Avwe¯‥v‡i iex‱`ªbv‡_i KweZv Zuv‡K h‡_ó mvnvh¨ K‡iwQj| (`ªóe¨ t mybxj

Kzgvi gy‡Lvcva¨q t ÔKwe diiæL Avng`Õ, c„. 157)|

GB Kve¨ bvU‡Ki g~j Kvwnbx †cÖvw_Z Av‡Q cyuw_ mvwn‡Z¨, †mLvb

†_‡KB Kwe GwU AvniY K‡i‡Qb| cÖvK Bmjvgx hy‡Mi Avi‡ei gnvb PwiÎ

nv‡ZgZvqx diiæL Avng‡ì Kíbvq Bmjvgx Rxebv`‡k©i cÖZx‡K cwiYZ

n‡q‡Q| gvbweK ye©jZvewR©Z GB PwiÎwU‡Z Kwei gnr D‡Ïk¨ cÖwZdwjZ

n‡q‡QÑ‡b․‡dj iƒcx åv‰Í PwiÎ‡K civf~Z K‡i Ômr, mZëªZx I gvbeeÜzÕ


nv‡Zg Rqx n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b Kwei g‡bvMZ Bmjvgx Rxebv`‡k©i ev¯Íe

fv‡l¨ iƒcvwqZ n‡q D‡V‡Q Kve¨ bvUKwU|

wZb As‡K †P․Ï „‡k¨ wef³ GB Kve¨ bvUKwUi cwiKíbvq Kwei

HwZn¨‡eva I Av`k©cÖxwZ cÖ_gw`‡K ¯úó bv n‡jI †klw`‡K †ek ¯úó n‡q

dz‡U D‡V‡Q| Bmjvgx beRvMi‡Yi †h ¯^c′ Kwe jvjb Ki‡Zb, †m ¯‡c′i

mv_©K iƒcvq‡Yi Rb¨ Bmjvgx iv‡óªi cÖ‡qvRbxZvi cwic~iK wn‡m‡e GB

Kve¨ bvU‡Ki iPbv| Bmjvgx iv‡óªi Rb¨ nv‡Z‡gi g‡Zv wbt¯v_© I

†meveªZx gymjgvb Kgx© cyiæ‡li cÖ‡qvRbÑGB K_vB Kwe we‡klfv‡e ej‡Z

†P‡q‡Qb| Av`k© gvby‡li cÖwZ Kwei Av¯v ¯úó K‡i dz‡U D‡V‡Q GB Kve¨

bvU‡Ki †kl KÕwU Pi‡Y|

Kve¨ bq, Mvb bq, wkí bq,-ïay †m gvbyl

wbt¯v_©, Z¨vMx I Kgx©, †meveªZx-cv‡i †m RvMv‡Z

mg Í Nyg‰Í cÖvY,-Nyg †Nv‡i hLb †eûuk

R¡vjv‡Z cv‡i †h Av‡jv So ÿzä AÜKvi iv‡Z:

hvi mv‡_ ïiæ nq c_ Pjv RvMÖZ hvÎxi

w`j †m Bkviv AvR AvZ¥Z¨vM nv‡ZgZvqxi||

†kl ch©‰Í Kwei Av`k© fvebvB Rqhy³ n‡q‡Q| AvKvwOÿZ Av`k©

cÖwZôvi j‡ÿ¨ Kwei e³e¨ cÖavb n‡q †`Lv w`‡q‡Q Kve¨ bvUKwUi mgvcbx

jvBb¸‡jv‡Z|

nv‡ZgZvqx‡K wb‡q GKwU Kvwnbx KveÏ diiæL Avng` iPbv K‡i‡Qb

Ônv‡ZgZvqxÕ bv‡g| cyuw_ iPwqZv •mq` nvgRvi Ônv‡ZgZvqxÕ Kv‡eï

Kvwnbxi beiƒcvqY Ki‡Z cÖqvmx n‡q‡Qb diiæL GB Kvwnbx Kv‡e¨| Ab¨

A‡b‡Ki g‡Zv mvwnZ¨ †ÿ‡Î evOvwj gymjgv‡bi ¯vZ‰¿¨ wPwýZ Kivi †ÿ‡Î

cyuw_ mvwnZ¨‡K mvg‡b wb‡q Avmvi cÿcvwZ wQ‡jb diiæL| †mB wP‰Ívi

mv_©K iƒcvq‡Yi j‡ÿ¨ GB Kvwnbx Kve¨ iwPZ nq|

Ônv‡ZgZvqxÕ Kv‡eï Kvwnbx t †Lvivmv‡bi L¨vZbvgv mI`vM‡ii Kb¨v

ûmbvevby cÖwZÁv K‡iwQj †h Zvi mvZwU cÖ‡k′i Reve`vbKvix‡K †m we‡q

Ki‡e| wewfb′ †`‡ki mI`vMicyÎg ev`kv‡ni cyÎiv cÖ‡k′i DËi w`‡Z G‡m

wedj n‡q A‡b‡KB wd‡i †Mj| LiR‡gi kvnRv`v gybxi kvgx nv‡ZgZvqxi

mnvqZvq cÖk′¸‡jvi DËi w`‡q ûmbvevby‡K we‡q K‡i Ges gymvwdi

nv‡ZgZvqx Avevi c‡_ †ei n‡q Av‡m|

ü`‡q ÔCgv‡bi `xß wkLvÕ aviY K‡i nv‡ZgZvqx †ewi‡q c‡o wekvj

c„w_ex‡Z gvbyl‡K †mev Kivi cªZ¨‡q| GB Kv‡eï g~j AvKl©Y nv‡ZgZvqx

PwiÎ| GB `yj©f PwiÎ AR©b K‡i †h †Kvb mg‡qi gvbylB exiZ¡, Z¨vM,

gvbe‡cÖg, mZ¨vbymÜvb, gnxqvb cÖf…wZ ¸‡Y ¸Yvw‰^Z n‡Z cv‡i| Kwe

ZrKvjxb hy‡Mi gvby‡li Kv‡Q nv‡ZgZvqx wn‡m‡e M‡o DVvi Avn″vb

†_‡KB GB Kvwnbx Kve¨ iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb| c„w_exi gvbyl †hb nv‡ZgZvqxi

g‡Zv PwiÎ AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i GB AvKvOÿv Kwe Kv‡eï g‡a¨ †Mvcb

iv‡Lbwb| nv‡ZgZvqxi g‡Zv Av`k©ev`x gvbyl `‡j `‡j Rb¥MÖnY Ki‡e

e‡j Kwe wek¦vm Ki‡Zb| GB Kv‡e¨ GB ai‡bi gvby‡li Kv‡djvi wPÎ t

me gvby‡li mv‡_ Rxe‡bi c~Y©Zvi c‡_

P‡j †hb †m wgwQj †Kewj m¤§y‡L|

wkï‡ì Rb¨ diiæL Avng` A‡bK KweZv wj‡L‡Qb| Gi g‡a¨ PviwU

eB cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| ÔcvLxi evmvÕ, Ôni‡di QovÕ, ÔbZzb †jLvÕ I ÔQovi

AvmiÕ bvgK GB PviwU MÖ‡‰ wkï-wK‡kvi‡ì wbQK g‡bviÄ‡bi eë v Kiv

nqwb, eis cÖK…wZ, Rxe RMr, ag©, RvZxq HwZn¨ I Av`k© m¤ú‡K©

Av‡jvKcvZ Kivi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q| d‡j KweZv¸‡jv wkï-wkÿ‡Ki

e³…Zvi g‡Zv n‡q †M‡Q Ges Kwei bxwZ wkÿv`v‡bi cÖqvmB ¯úó n‡q

D‡V‡Q|

ÔcvLxi evmvÕ Kve¨MÖ‡‰ †gvU 44wU KweZv vb †c‡q‡Q| ÔcvLxi evmvÕ,

Ôc¨vPvi evmvÕ, ÔeveyB cvLxi evmvÕ cÖf…wZ KweZvq cvwLi Rxeb, ¯^fve I

cÖK…wZi eY©bv †`qv n‡q‡Q| ÔR½cxiÕ, ÔwZZzgxiÕ, Ôgnvb †bZvÕ cÖf…wZ

KweZvq Invex we‡ ªv‡ni †bZv •mq` Avng`, evsjvi weªwUk we‡ivax

msMÖv‡gi †bZv wZZzgxi I cvwK Ívb Av‡‱`vj‡bi †bZv wRb′vni K_v vb

†c‡q‡Q| wkï g‡b cvwK Ívb Av‡‱`vj‡bi avivq †`k‡cÖg, RvZxqZv‡eva,

agx©q †PZbv I Av`k©‡eva RvwM‡q †ZvjvB wQj Kwei jÿ¨| GB jÿ¨ †_‡K

wZwb iPbv K‡ib ÔAvRv` cvwK ÍvbÕ, ÔAvgiv Moe cvwK ÍvbÕ, ÔCgvb-GKZv-

k„LjvÕ, ÔAvgv‡ì meyR wbkvbÕ, ÔAvkv DuPz ivLÕ, Ô‡Zviv Pvm‡b wKQzÕ, Ô‡Zviv

Pj‡i Qz‡UÕ cÖf…wZ KweZv| G¸wj Avm‡j KweZv bq, Mvb|

52wU KweZv wb‡q Kwe iPbv K‡ib Ôni‡di QovÕ| wkï‡ì‡K g‡bi

†LvivK †`qvi Rb¨ GB KweZv¸‡jv iPbv Kiv n‡qwQj| †mRb¨ GB

KweZv¸‡jv cvV Ki‡j †`Lv hvq †h, KweZv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wkï‡ì‡K Lywk

Kivi g‡Zv AR ª DcKiY Av‡Q|

68wU KweZv wb‡q Kwe wkï‡ì Rb¨ iPbv K‡ib ÔbZzb †jLvÕ bvgK

Kve¨| GB Kv‡eï KweZv¸‡jv‡Z wkï‡ì‡K gvbwmKfv‡e mej K‡i

†Zvjvi BQv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q| 16wU KweZv wb‡q wkïKve¨ ÔQovi AvmiÕ

cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj|

diiæL Avng` e¨½ KweZv iPbvqI we‡kl cvi`k©x wQ‡jb| wewfb′

mg‡q cÎ-cwÎKvq Gme KweZv cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| wZwb †h Av`k© g‡b-cÖv‡Y

jvjb Ki‡Zb Ges KweZvq Zz‡j ai‡Zb, e¨½ KweZv¸‡jvi g‡aÏ Zvi

cÖwZdjbB jÿ Kiv hvq| gvby‡li fÛvwg Ges AvZ¥myL cÖeYZv‡K Kwe

Gme KweZvq mivmwi AvNvZ K‡i‡Qb| ivR‣bwZK weiæ×ev`x‡ì we‡klZ

gymwjg jxM ivRbxwZi we‡ivax‡ì e¨‡½i kvwYZ PveyK w`‡q wZwb Gme

KweZvq AvNvZ K‡i‡Qb| ¯bv‡g Gme KweZv cÖKvk Kiv QvovI Ônvqvr


`vivR LvbÕ QÙ bv‡g wZwb GB RvZxq A‡bK KweZv wj‡L‡Qb| e¨½

KweZvi †Kvb Kve¨ cÖKvwkZ bv n‡jI ÔAby¯viÕ I ÔUzK‡iv KweZvÕ bv‡g

`yÕwU e¨½ KweZvi msKjb wZwb cÖ ‧Z K‡iwQ‡jb| GQvov dviæK gvngy`

m¤úvw`Z Ô‡avjvB Kve¨Õ bvgK MÖ‡‰ QÙ bv‡g †jLv diiæL Avng‡ì A‡bK

e¨½ KweZv msKwjZ n‡q‡Q|

ÔAby¯viÕ KweZv¸‡Qi A‰ÍM©Z ÔD y© ebvg evsjvÕ KweZvq DPweË

evOvwj gymjgv‡bi ¯iƒc D‡¤§vP‡bi cÖqvm jÿ Kiv hvq t

`yB‡kv cuwPk gy`ªv †h Aewa n‡q‡Q †eZb

evsjv‡K ZvjvK w`qv D y©‡KB KwiqvwQ wbKv,

evcv‰Í kÖ‡gi d‡j D‡o‡Q Avkvi PvgwPKv

D`y© bxj AvwfRv‡Z¨ (Rv‡b Zv wbKU eÜzMY)

(gvwmK †gvnv¤§`x, •R¨ô, 1352)

cvwK Ívb cÖwZôvi ci Ônvqvr `vivR Lvb cvwK¯ÍvbxÕ QÙ bv‡g wZwb cÖPzi

KweZv wj‡L‡Qb| Av`k© I wbR KI‡gi B¾Z iÿvi AwfcÖv‡q

Av`k©nxbZv, `yb©xwZ I PvwiwÎK `ye©jZvi weiæ‡× wZwb GB KweZv¸‡jv iPbv

K‡ib| Ô‣ZjÕ bvgK KweZvq mgv‡Ri gy‡Lvk D‡b¥vP‡bi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q t

‣Zj g`©‡bi aviv cÖPwjZ GLv‡b, †Kbbv

G gv‡V †`‡LwQ †Xi kÖg wegy‡Li Avbv‡MvYv|

Dci‰‧ G AÂ‡j fvMëvb Av‡Qb †``vi

huv‡ì •Zjv³ gy³ K‡i †hvM¨ A‡hvM¨ wePvi|

gxiRvd‡ii Revbx‡Z †jLv n‡q‡Q ÔHwZnvwmK A‣bwZnvwmK Kve¨Õ|

gxiRvdi ¯^xq K‡g©i e¨vL¨v w`‡Z wM‡q Rvbvq †h, civaxbZvi Rb¨ †m

GKKfv‡e `vqx wQj bv, RvZxq Rxe‡b †mw`b cZ‡bi A‡bK¸‡jv jÿY

my¯úó n‡q D‡VwQj| Kwe g‡b Ki‡Qb †h, cvwK Ívbx Rxe‡bI †mBme

jÿ‡Yi wKQz wKQz eZ©gvb| Kv‡eï †klvs‡k a″wbZ n‡q‡Q Kwei g~j K_v t

ivwÎw`b b„Z¨MxZ, mycÖPzi kive, Kveve

Avjm¨ AcwigvY, evBRx, MRj, †iveve,

weRvZxq HwZ‡nï AvbyMZ¨, •bwZK öjb,

¸ß cvc, loh‰¿, †kvlY A_ev wbh©vZb

h_v‡hvM¨ cÖwZdj †c‡q †M‡Q Zviv h_vKv‡j,

L¨vwZ, mvd‡jï †gIqv AZ:ci †Rv‡Uwb Kcv‡j|

(ÔAvRÕ, 1957)

ÔAvRv`xi †mvRv A_© hviv D‡ëvfv‡e ey‡SwQj Zv‡ì h_vh_ cÖvwß

m¤ú‡K©B Kwe DwjøwLZ KweZvq Bw½Z w`‡q‡Qb|

diiæL Avng` Dcgnv‡`‡ki gymjgvb‡ì Rb¨ ¯vaxb Avevmf~wg

wnmv‡e cvwK Ívb †P‡qwQ‡jb, wK‰‧ cvwK¯Ívbx kvmK‡ì Bmjv‡gi bv‡g

fÛvwg wZwb mg_©b K‡ib wb| wZwb mKj cÖKvi `~b©xwZ, Aag© I AgvbweK

Kg©Kv‡Ûi †Nvi we‡ivax wQ‡jb| ÔcvwK Ív‡bi hZUzKz Bmjvg, diiæL

Avng‡ì BmjvgcÖxwZI ZZUzKzBÕ| ( ªóe¨t AvLZvi-Dj Avjg, ÔhyM cÖeZ©K KweÕ,

diiæL Avng` t e¨w³ I Kwe, c„ôv 221)

diiæL Avng` Ôevsjv Kv‡eï GK kw³gvb wkíxÕ| (`ªóe¨t mybxj Kzgvi

gy‡Lvcva¨vq t Kwe diiæL Avng`, c„ôv 21)

ïay fv‡ei †ÿ‡ÎB bq, KweZvi fvlv, Q‱`, Avw½K, wPÎKí-iƒcKí

BZ¨vw` eënv‡ii †ÿ‡Î wZwb GB kw³gËvi cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb| GiRb¨

Zuv‡K wkíDcKi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡qvRbxq cwieZ©b I bZzb‡Z¡i Avg`vwb

Ki‡Z n‡qwQj|

mvwnZ¨‡ÿ‡Î GKRb †ivgvw‱UK Kwe I my`ÿ m‡bUKvi wn‡m‡e Zuvi

Avwef©ve n‡jI Zuvi Kve¨-mvabvi †kÖôZi dmj wZwb Dcnvi w`‡q‡Qb

gymwjg HwZn¨ we‡kl K‡i cyuw_ mvwn‡Zï beeënvi I iƒcvq‡Yi gva¨‡g|

G c‡_B wZwb AR©b K‡i‡Qb Kv‡e¨ cÖZxK I iƒcK eënv‡ii †K․kj,

KweZvi fvlv, Dcgv-Dr‡cÖÿv-wPÎK‡í cÖvY mRxeZv I a″wbgvayh© m„wói

•kwíK ixwZ| (`ªóe¨t †gvnv¤§` gvndzRDjøvn tÔdiiæ‡Li KweZvt Zvi wkíiƒc,

diiæL Avng` t e¨w³ I Kwe, c„ôv 463-64)|

†cÖg I cÖK…wZ‡K Aej¤^b K‡i †ivgvw‱UK fvevbyf~wZ, ¯c′ I

†m․‱`h©‡eva Ges Avkv-wbivkvi †`vjvq iwPZ Zuvi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi

KweZv¸‡jv‡Z fvlv, Dcgv, wPÎKí, ixwZfw½ BZ¨vw` †ÿ‡Î †Kvb ¯vZ‡‰¿ï

Qvc jÿ Kiv hvq wb| †m mg‡q iwPZ m‡bU¸‡jv †ek `ÿZvi mv‡_B wZwb

iPbv K‡i‡Qb mZ¨, wK‰‧ Zv‡Z ¯Z‰¿ wkí gwngvi D‡Øvab N‡U wb|

cieZ©xKv‡j Bmjvgx HwZ‡nï mv‡_ GKvZ¥ n‡q Ges Avie¨ Dcb¨v‡mi

Kvwnbxi mv‡_ Mvp cwiP‡qi m~‡ÎB wZwb wbR¯ ¯Z‰¿ KwemËvi RMr

D‡b¥vPb Ki‡Z mÿg nb| cvwK Ívb Av‡‱`vj‡bi cUf~wg‡Z wZwb

m‡PZbfv‡e GB c‡_ AMÖmi n‡qwQ‡jb, hvi mv_©K cÖwZdjb jÿ Kiv hvq

Zuvi cÖ_g Kve¨MÖ‰ ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ-‡Z|

ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ †_‡K gymwjg RvMi‡Yi †h avivi m~Pbv Zv‡Z

wPÎiƒcgq GK Abe`¨ fvlv eëüZ n‡q‡Q| cyuw_i fvÛvi †_‡K AvnwiZ

Aviwe-dviwm kãmg~‡ni mv‡_ gvB‡Kj-iex‱`ªbv‡_i K¬vwmK ixwZi fvlvi

wgkÖY NwU‡q diiæL Avng` m„wó K‡i‡Qb wbR¯ GK Kwe fvlv| GB bZzb

fvlvq Zuvi KweZvq m„wó n‡q‡Q bZzb‡Z¡i GK ¯c′xj cwi‡ek| Zvi `„óv‰Í t

†K‡U‡Q iwOb gLgj w`b, bZzb mdi AvR

ïbwQ Avevi †bvbv `wiqvi WvK

fv‡m †RviIqvi gD‡Ri wk‡i m‡d` Puvwì ZvR

cvnvo-eyj‱` †XD e‡q Av‡b †bvbv `wiqvi WvK

bZzb cvwb‡Z mdi Gevi, †n gvwS wm‱`vev`|

(wm›`vev`t mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS)


Aviwe-dviwm kã eënvi Ki‡jI diiæL Avng` Zrmg I Z ¢e

k‡ãi eënviI †Q‡o †`b wb| Zuvi A‡bK KweZvq Gme k‡ãi mdj

eënvi jÿYxq t

nq‡Zv †Zvgv‡i wPwb, wPwb H wPwÎZ ZbyKv,

wewPÎ Zzwj‡Z AuvKv

eY© myKzgvi|

(WvûKt mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS)

AwaKvsk †ÿ‡Î kã eënv‡i mv_©KZvi cwiPq w`‡jI †Kvb †Kvb

†ÿ‡Î Aviwe-dviwm k‡ãi eënvi wKQzUv AcÖ‡qvRbxq I AevwÃZ e‡j g‡b

nq| GRvZxq GKwU „óv‰Í t

Zvgvg Avj‡g †`wL †eïgvi ingZ †Lv`v

†h ingZ †c‡q euv‡P wR¡b I Bbmvb Avkivdzj

gLjyKvZ `yÕRvnv‡b, A_ev cv‡q‱`v cÖvYxK~j

k~b¨ Í‡i fvmgvb †h in‡g c~Y©Zvi c‡_|

gvwUi gvbyl P‡j †m in‡g c~Y©Zvi c‡_|

(nv‡ZgZvqx)

diiæL Avng‡ì KweZvi bvUKxq ¸Y cvVK‡K AvK…ó K‡i Ges Zv‡ì

wPË ¯úk© K‡i| ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ I ÔwmivRvg gybxivÕ Kv‡eï A‡bK

KweZvB bvU¨¸Y mg„×| Ôwm‱`vev`Õ, ÔWvûKÕ, ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ cÖf…wZ

KweZvq Kwe mivmwi e³e¨ Dc vcb bv K‡i A‡bKUv bvUKxq fw½i

D‡b¥vPb K‡i‡Qb| ÔjvkÕ KweZvi ïiæI bvUKxq fw½‡Z AvKw¯§Kfv‡e Kiv

n‡q‡Q| Z‡e GK_v wVK †h, Gme KweZvq bvU¨ Avw½K AbymiY Kiv nq

wb|

A‡bK KweZv‡Z Kwe bvU¨ msjvc eënvi K‡i‡Qb| Ô`wiqvq †kl

ivwÎÕ KweZvq K‡qKwU Pwi‡Îi K‡_vcK_b I Kve¨ msjv‡ci gva¨‡g

`ytmvnmx bvweK wm‱`vev‡ì Awfhv‡bi iƒcwPÎ dzwU‡q †Zvjv n‡q‡Q| Zuvi

iwPZ Kve¨bvU¨ Ô‡b․‡dj I nv‡ZgÕ I Kvwnbx Kve¨ Ônv‡ZgZvqxÕ-‡Z Kwei

bvU¨‡K․kj we‡klfv‡e Abyfe Kiv hvq|

diiæL Avng‡ì LÛ KweZv, Kvwnbx Kve¨, bvU¨Kve¨ cÖf…wZ‡Z †ek

`ÿZvi mv‡_ iƒcK I cÖZx‡Ki eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zuvi KweZvq cÖZxK

eënv‡ii we‡klZ¡ n‡Q GB †h, G¸‡jv `„wóMÖvn¨ I Abyfe‡hvM¨ n‡qB

cvV‡Ki Kv‡Q aiv †`q| Zuvi KweZvq bvweK, mgy`ª, wbkvb, cvwL, cv‡Äix

cÖf…wZ Bmjvgx Av`k© I mf¨Zv-ms¯‥…wZi aviK I cÖZ¨qx AvKvÿvi cÖZxK

wnmv‡e aiv w`‡q‡Q| Òmgy`ª weRqx bvweK wm‱`vev` diiæL Avng‡ì

`„wó‡Z Ôgymwjg mgvR I gymwjg †PZbvÕ gymwjg †M․ie I Awfhv‡bi cÖZxK,

†niv ce©Z Aby‡cÖiYvi Drm, Av`k© f~wg I ¯‡M©i cÖZxKÓ| ( ªóe¨t •mq` Avjx

Avkivd, evsjv mvwn‡Zï gymwjg HwZn¨ c„ôv 50)|

wm‱`vev`‡K Kwe A‡bK KweZvq Avbqb K‡i‡Qb| Avie¨ Dcb¨v‡mi

GB bvqK Kwei Kv‡Q cÖZxK wn‡m‡e †`Lv w`‡q Bmjvgx Av`k© I gymwjg

mf¨Zvi cybiæ¾xe‡bi fvlv †c‡q‡Q| Zuvi KweZvq cvwLI Ab¨Zg cÖZxK

wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡q‡Q| ÔWvûKÕ KweZvq cvwL gy³ AvZ¥vi cÖZxK| Wvû‡Ki

cÖZx‡K Kwe gy³ gvbyl I AvZ¥vi K_v e‡j‡Qb †hLv‡b Kve¨ †m․‱`h©

D‡Øva‡bi cvkvcvwk mgKvjxb Rxeb †PZbvI evOgq n‡q‡Q| cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e

†Kvb D‡jøL bv _vK‡jI weªwUk civaxb hy‡Mi gg©‡e`bv Ges gyw³Kvgx

gvby‡li g‡bi cÖwZdjb I ¯vaxbZvi AvKvÿv e¨³ n‡q‡Q evsjvi GK

cvwL-ÔWvûKÕ Gi cÖZx‡K| (`ªóe¨t †gvnv¤§` gvndzRDjøvn, tÔdiiæ‡Li KweZvt Zvi

wkíiƒc, diiæL Avng` t e¨w³ I Kwe, c„ôv 486)|

b`x‡KI wZwb cÖZxK wn‡m‡e eënvi K‡i‡Qb| MwZgq Rxeb I Av`k©

D¾xe‡bi cÖZxK wn‡m‡e Zuvi KweZvq b`x Dcw Z n‡q‡Q| dzj‡KI wZwb

cÖZxK wn‡m‡e eënvi K‡i‡Qb| Ônv‡ZgZvqxÕ Kv‡e¨ byi‡iR dzj mf¨Zvi

AÜZ¡ NyPv‡bvi c_ wb‡`©k‡Ki cÖZxK|

RxeÏkvq AcÖKvwkZ Ônv‡e`v giæi KvwnbxÕ Kv‡eÏ nv‡e`v giæ

cÖvYnxbZv, iæÿZv, nZvkv, AÜKvi I wefxwlKvi cÖZxK wn‡m‡e Dc vwcZ

n‡q‡Q| cvwK Ívbx kvmK‡ì Aeë¯v I Av`k©nxbZvq †e`bvnZ n‡q Kwe

GB Kv‡eï KweZv¸‡jv iPbv K‡ib hv‡Z †`k‡K nv‡e`v giæi cÖZx‡K

Dcw Z Kiv n‡q‡Q|

iƒcK eënv‡ii †ÿ‡Î wZwb wm×n Í| Zuvi iƒcKvwkÖZ KweZvi g‡a¨

we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL‡hvM¨ n‡Q Ônv‡e`v giæi KvwnbxÕi KweZv¸‡jv|

cvwK Ívbx kvmK‡ì Kvh©Kjv‡c †e`bvnZ n‡q Kweü`‡qi Dcw wZ GB

iƒcKvwkÖZ KweZv¸‡Q jÿ Kiv hvq| DwjøwLZ Kv‡eï GKwU iƒcKvwkÖZ

KweZvi Askwe‡kl t


†K¬`-cswKj GK y:mn e‱`xLvbvq


kvw Íi wPü †bB †hLv‡b

ïay gaïv‡Z †kvbv hvq kqZv‡bi AÆnvwm

gvbyl †eu‡P Av‡Q wK‰‧ gy`©vi kvwgj| (`ªóe¨t †gvnv¤§` gvndzRDjøvn, t

Ôdiiæ‡Li KweZvt Zvi wkíiƒc, diiæL Avng` t e¨w³ I Kwe, c„ôv 488)|

diiæL Avng‡ì eëüZ cÖZxK Avi iƒcK eënvi n‡q‡Q Kwei

jvwjZ Av`‡k©i wfwË‡Z| ZvB Avkvev‡ì cÖZxK wm‱`vev` evi evi GKB

A‡_© diiæL Avng‡ì Kv‡e¨ Ny‡iwd‡i G‡m‡Q|

diiæL Avng` Avie¨ Dcb¨v‡mi Kvwnbxi wbe©vwPZ fM′ Ask‡K

cybiæ¾xweZ K‡i Qwo‡q w`‡q‡Qb Zuvi KweZvi Aeq‡e| Zuvi KweZvq

AevwiZ bxj mgy`ª, Avwjd jvqjvi ivZ, AvL‡ivU-ev`vg †Lvevbxi eb,

RvdivY †Rmwg‡bi `xß cvcox, RvnvR-gv¯‧j-bvweK Dcw Z n‡q‡Q

cÖejfv‡e| Avie Rvnvb I mvM‡ii bxj Rjivwk‡Z cvVK‡ÿ evi evi wZwb


†U‡b wb‡q‡Qb Av`k© ZvwoZ n‡q| Z‡e Rxe‡bi GK ch©v‡q wZwb mgy`ª

†_‡K e‱`‡i wd‡i AvmwQ‡jb-ZvI jÿYxq| †mB e‱ì wQj Zuvi wbR¯^

Rb¥f~wgi wbmM©, c_-cÖv‰Íi| ÔgqbvgwZi gv‡VÕ ÔgwZwSjÕ, wm‡jU †÷k‡b

GKwU kx‡Zi cÖfvZÕ cÖf…wZ KweZvq GB e³‡eï mg_©b wg‡j| (`ªóe¨t Avey

†nbv †gv Ídv KvgvjdiiæL Avng` t e¨wZµgx wkíx, •`wbK evsjv KvwZ©K 1382)|

gv‡Vi mxgv‰Í †Nu‡l †hLv‡b cÖvPxb SvDMvQ

(wbR©b c‡_i †d․R) evZv‡mi †kv‡b `xN©k¦vm

†hLv‡b mg Í w`b b`xZx‡i LÄ‡bi bvP,

†hLv‡b gvwUi Kvb′v mvivÿY Kuv`vq AvKvj

†mLv‡b A‡bK iv‡Z SvDkv‡L †Nvov †eu‡a †i‡L

wR¡‡bi kvÕRv`v bv‡g gqbvgwZi duvKv gv‡V|

(gqbvgwZi gv‡V|| 1 || gyn~‡Z©i KweZv)

Dcgv-Dr‡cÖÿv cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î diiæL Avng` wbR¯^ GKUv RMr Z_v

¯vZ‰¿¨ m„wó Ki‡Z cÖqvmx wQ‡jb| Aviwe-dviwm k‡ãi †h e¨vcK eënvi

wZwb wbR¯ ÷vB‡j K‡i †M‡Qb Zvi wfwË‡ZB M‡o D‡V‡Q Zuvi Dcgv-

Dr‡cÖÿvi wbR¯^ aviv| D`vniY wn‡m‡e ejv hvq Ô`wiqvq †kl ivwÎÕ

KweZvi Askwe‡k‡li K_v t

Dcgv t Kv‡djvi euvkx e‡q G‡bwQj Rn‡ii gZ e¨_v|

wKsev nv‡ji gywVi gZ Avgv‡ì Ke&Rv wm‱`vev`

`wiqvi gZ `vivR wmbvq AvR bv‡g †c‡ikvwb,

Dr‡cÖÿvt eywS mx-‡gviM mv_xnviv Zvi `wiqvq †kl iv‡Z

fo ey‡K cy‡i e‡mwQj gv¯‧y‡j|

wKsev Avjøvi GB A‡kl Avj‡g Adzivb iƒc, im

R‡g Mvp n‡q `~i md‡ii Auvkv †hb nxivKl|

(`wiqvq †kl ivwÎt mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS)

diiæL Avng` eëüZ Dcgv-Dr‡cÖÿvi ÔdiiæLx K…wó m„wóÕ n‡q

wM‡qwQj hv GKv‰ÍB Zuvi wbR¯ D ¢veb| (`ªóe¨t Ave yj gvbœvb •mq` t m¤úbœ

cÖwZfv, ‣`wbK msev`, 4 KvwZ©K 1385)|

GKw`‡K Q‱` wb‡q wewPÎ wenvi, Ab¨w`‡K wewfb′ Avw½‡K wePiY| Kwe

diiæ‡Li GI GK Ô‣ewkó¨Õ| M`¨ Q‱` w`‡q hvÎv ïiæ K‡iI wZwb c`¨

Q‡‱`B cwiYwZ jvf K‡iwQ‡jb| hwÌ Rxe‡bi †klw`‡K Avevi M`¨ Q‡‱`

wZwb nvZ w`‡qwQ‡jb| Q‱` wb‡q wZwb cixÿv-wbixÿvI K‡i‡Qb| ¯îe„Ë,

gvÎve„Ë I Aÿie„Ë-GB wZb ai‡bi Q‱`B wZwb eënvi K‡i‡Qb|

wZwb Avw½KI e`j K‡i‡Qb wewfb′ mg‡q| Zxeª msivMgq wX‡jXvjv

MxwZKweZv, AvUmuvUeuvaybxi m‡bU, D`vË AvnevbKvix RvMiYx KweZv,

bvU¨Kve¨, KvwnbxKve¨, e¨½ KweZv, wkï‡Zvl KweZv, Mvbme wgwj‡q

wekvj iPbvi RMr Zuvi| G‡Zv wewPÎ c‡_ evsjvi Lye Kg KweB wePiY

K‡i‡Qb|

ÔwewPÎ c‡_Õ AMÖmi n‡jI wb‡Ri wek¦vmf~wg †_‡K wZwb KL‡bv m‡i

Av‡mb wb, eis †mUv‡KB wZwb AuvK‡o †_‡K‡Qb †kl ch©‰Í| cyuw_i cÖfveI

w`‡b w`‡b Zuvi g‡a¨ MvpZi n‡qwQj| ZvB †`Lv hvq, bvU¨Kve¨ Avi Kvwnbx

Kv‡e¨ wZwb wb‡qvwRZ †_‡K‡Qb †klw`‡Ki GK `xN© mgq| Gfv‡eB wZwb

nq‡Zv Zuvi wbR¯ •ewkó¨c~Y© mvwn‡Zï HwZn¨ wbg©vY Ki‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb|

Avi G me wKQz wgwj‡q wkí, Rxeb I wek¦v‡mi g‡a¨ GKwU ¯we‡ivaxnxb

mgxKiY‡K †gjvevi cÖqvm †c‡qwQ‡jb Kwe diiæL Avng`| (`ªóe¨t gyn¤§`

byiæj û`v t GKwU ¯we‡ivaxnxb KwemËv, ‣`wbK evsjv, 13 Ryb 1976)|

cuvP

Kve¨ mvabvi wewfb′ cÖKiYMZ c‡_ wePiY K‡i Kwe diiæL Avng`

evsjv KweZvq GKwU vqx Avmb cÖwZôv K‡i †M‡Qb| h_v_© Kwe-kw³i

AwaKvix diiæL Avng` `xN©w`b Kve¨ PP©vq wb‡qvwRZ _vK‡jI GKwU K_v

¯xKvi Ki‡Z nq †h, Zuvi cÖ_g Kve¨B Zuvi †kÖô mvwnZ¨KxwZ©| wekvj

iPbvi RM‡ZI wZwb cÖ_g Kve¨‡K AwZµg K‡i †h‡Z cv‡ib wb| †h

Av`k©‡K wZwb AvRxeb jvjb K‡i †M‡Qb Zv‡K D‡a″© Zz‡j ai‡ZB wZwb

memgq m‡Pó wQ‡jb| ZvB †`Lv hvq, wØZxq Kve¨‡ZB wZwb wk‡íi †P‡q

cÖPvi‡K †ewk ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb, A_©vr wkíxi †P‡q cÖPvi‡Ki f ~wgKv KLbI

KLbI gyL¨ n‡q D‡V‡Q|

`xN© Rxeb wZwb jvf K‡ib wb mZ¨, wK‰‧ wZbwU ivR‣bwZK Kvj Zuv‡K

¯úk© K‡i wM‡qwQj t weªwUk fviZ, cvwK Ívb I evsjv‡`k| hyM-cwieZ©‡bi

mv‡_ wZwb Zvj †gjv‡Z cv‡ib wb, wKsev ejv hvq †gjv‡Z †Póv K‡ib wb|

wK‰‧ mgKvjxb mgvR I ev ÍeZv‡K Aej¤b bv Ki‡j †h mvwnZ¨ iwPZ nq

Zv‡Z cÖvY cÖwZôv Kiv wK m¤¢e? Avi GB †cÖÿvc‡UB ejv hvq, GZeo

Kwekw³i AwaKvix n‡qI Rxe‡bi GK Uª¨vwRK Dcmsnvi Zuvi Rb¨ A‡cÿv

KiwQj| (wbZvB `vm iwPZ ÔcvwK Ívb Av‡›`vjb I evsjv KweZvÕ MÖš’ †_‡K

msKwjZ)|


mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS iƒcK KweZvi Abb¨ iƒc

W±i Avkivd wc›Uz

gymwjg †i‡bmuvi Kwe diiæL Avng` (10 Ryb; 1918-19 A‡±vei:

1974)-Gi ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ cÖKvwkZ nq 1944 mv‡j| GwU Zuvi cÖ_g

Kve¨MÖ‰| cÖ_g Kve¨MÖ‰wUi gva¨‡gB wZwb evsjvmvwn¨v½‡Y vqx Avmb jvf

K‡i †bb| G Kve¨MÖ‡‰ †gvU 19wU KweZv i‡q‡Q; hvi AwaKvskB iƒcK ev

cÖZxKx KweZv| Gme iƒcK-cÖZxKx KweZvi g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ n‡jv-

wm‱`vev`, evi `wiqvq, `wiqvq †klivwÎ, AvKvk-bvweK, ¯Y©-CMj, WvûK,

cv‡Äwi, mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS BZ¨vw`|

Bs‡iwR „Allegory‟ k‡ãi evsjv A_© n‡jv iƒcK| wMÖK fvlvq Gi

A_©-Ab¨ wKQz‡K †evSv‡Q| g~jZ iƒcK KweZv ej‡Z Ggb GK ai‡Yi

KweZv‡K †evSvq †hLv‡b Kwe Zvi †Kv‡bv we‡kl fve ev ZË¡‡K mivmwi

cÖKvk bv K‡i Ab¨‡Kv‡bv evwn¨K NUbv, wPÎ BZ¨vwì Avov‡j †i‡L

mgv‰Íivjfv‡e e¨wÄZ K‡i _v‡Kb| G KweZvi fvee¯‧i `yÕ‡Uv w`K _v‡K:

GKwU n‡jv AvcvZ „ó fvee¯‧, Ab¨wU n‡jv A‰Íwb©wnZ mgv‰Íivj fvee ‧|

†gvUK_v iƒcK KweZv n‡Q-evB‡ii iƒ‡ci Avov‡j †fZ‡ii iƒ‡ci Avfvm

`vbKvix KweZv|

ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ-‡K fv‡jvfv‡e eyS‡Z n‡j, Gi im Av¯v`b Ki‡Z

n‡j G MÖ‡‰i bvgKweZvi cwic~iK KweZv¸‡jvI AvZ¥ Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY

GKKfv‡e ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ (bvgKweZv) LwÛZ, wK‰‧ Ôwm‱`vev`Õ Ôevi

`wiqvqÕ, `wiqvq †kl ivwÎÕ Ôcv‡ÄwiÕ BZ¨vw` KweZv wg‡jB c~Y©v½ ÔmvZ

mvM‡ii gvwSÕ| GK AwfhvÎx bvwe‡Ki ¯c′ I AwfÁZv Zuvi wewfb′ KweZvq

bvbviƒ‡c cÖKvwkZ n‡q †k‡l wgwjZ n‡q‡Q GK †K‱`ªwe‱`y‡Z| GLv‡b

wm‱`vev` n‡jv †m cÖZxKx bvweK; whwb mwVK c‡_i w`kv †`‡eb| ZvB

wm‱`vev`‡K m‡¤^vab K‡i Kwe Avkvev` e¨³ K‡i‡Qb

wQu‡o †d‡j AvR Av‡qwk iv‡Zi gLgj Aemv`

bZzb cvwb‡Z nvj Ly‡j `vI, †n gvwS wm‱`vev`|

(wm›`vev`)

G Kve¨MÖ‡‰i AwaKvsk KweZv iwPZ n‡q‡Q Pwjøk `k‡Ki cÖvi‡¤¢| Kwe

ZLb UKe‡M ZiæY| Pviw`‡K Ôe„wUk †L`vIÕ Av‡‱`vjb Pj‡Q| ¯vaxbZvi

m~‡h©v`‡qi Lye †ewk evwK †bB-Ggb AvfvmB †hb cvIqv hv‡Q| wK‰‧

gymwjg RvwZi †R‡M IVv Z_v †bZ…Z¡ †hb mwVK c‡_ G¸‡Q bv| ZvB †Zv

Kwe cv‡Äwiiƒcx RvZxq ‡bZv‡K evi evi cÖk′ K‡i‡Qb-

ivZ †cvnvevi KZ †ìx cv‡Äwi|

G civaxbZvi AÜKvi ivZ Avi KZw`b| civaxbZvi G bvMcvk wQb′

K‡i wZwb gymwjg RvwZ Z_v RvZxq ‡bZv‡K Avnevb Rvwb‡q‡Qb-Õ

cv‡Äwi!

Rv‡Mv e‱`‡i •Kwdq‡Zi Zxeª åæKzwU †nwi,

Rv‡Mv AMYb ÿzavZ© gy‡Li bxie åæKzwU †nwi|

†`L †P‡q †`L m~h© IVvi KZ †`wi KZ †`wi|

(cv‡Äix)

nhiZ gyn¤§` m. Avi‡ei †nivce©‡Z `xN©mvabvq beyqZ jvf

K‡iwQ‡jb| GRb¨ Zuv‡K KwVb Zcm¨v Ki‡Z n‡qwQj| G `ytmn mvabvi

c‡_B Kwe Ô‡nivi †ZviYÕ cÖZx‡K RvZxq ‡bZ…Z¡‡K D×z× K‡i‡Qb| Kwei

`„p wek¦vm-

Gevi A‡bK c_ †k‡l mÜvbx

‡nivi †ZviY wgj‡e mgy‡L Rvwb|

(mvZ mvM‡ii gvwS)

KweZvq diiæL Avng‡ì iƒcK-cÖZxK eënvi cÖm‡½ wewkó M‡elK

W±i iwdKzj Bmjvg e‡j‡Qb, ÒdiiæL Avng` Zuvi AwfÁZv I

AvKvOÿv‡K cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb K‡qKwU cÖZx‡Ki mvnv‡h¨| Ôwm‱`vev`Õ diiæL

Avng‡ì GKwU eûj eëüZ cÖZxK, †h bvweK wbZ¨-bZzb `wiqvq Zix

fvlvq, †m bZzb Rxe‡bi ZvRv Nªv‡Yi cÖZxK|Ó

G Kve¨MÖ‡‰i ÔWvûKÕI GKwU iƒcK KweZv| Z‡e Zv Ôwm‱`vev`Õ ev

Ôcv‡ÄwiÕi mg‡MvÎxq bq| Bs‡iR Kwe †kjxi ÔUz G ¯‥vBjvK ©Õ-Gi mv‡_ Gi

Zzjbv Kiv hvq| Kwe †kjx ¯‥vBjv‡K©i Wvbvq fi K‡i AvZ¥gyw³i mÜvb

†c‡qwQ‡jb| Kwe diiæL AvngÌ ÔWvûKÕ cvwLi gva¨‡g AvZ¥gyw³i mÜvb

K‡i‡Qb| Kwei A‰Í‡j©v‡K GK a¨vbxmËv we`¨gvb-hv ‣RweK eÜb wQb′ K‡i

cigvZ¥vi mv‡_ wgwjZ n‡Z Pvq wK‰‧ gvbeRxe‡b bvbv RwUjZvi g‡a¨ Kwe

AvwZ¥K gyw³i Rb¨ cig ªóv‡K me©v‰ÍKi‡Y WvK‡Z cv‡ib bv, †hgbUv


cv‡i gy³cQ WvûK| ZvB Kwei †ivgvw‱UK †PZbvq WvûK n‡jv wPi RvMÖZ

we‡eK I cweÎ AvZ¥vi cÖZxKhv mydx mva‡Ki ÔdvbvwdjøvnÕ †PZbvi mv‡_

Zzjbxq| Kwei fvlvq

Ny‡gi wbweo e‡b †mB ïay mRvM cÖnix|

†PZbvi c_ awi Pwjqv‡Q Zvi ¯c′cwi,

g‰i nvIqvq|

(WvûK)

cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, GKwU µvw‰ÍKv‡j Kwe diiæL Avng` ÔmvZ mvM‡ii

gvwSÕ Kve¨MÖ‰wU iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb| ZLb Dcgnv‡`‡k ¯vaxbZv Av‡‱`vjb

†Rvi`vi n‡q D‡VwQj| AatcwZZ gymwjg RvwZ Dcgnv‡`‡k Zv‡ì wbR¯^

¯vaxb Avevm f~wg cÖwZôvi Rb¨ `ye©vi Av‡‱`vjb M‡o Zz‡jwQj| G

†cÖÿvc‡U Kwe AatcwZZ gymwjg RvwZ‡K RvMi‡Yi g‡‰¿ D×z× Kivi Rb¨

AmsL¨ KweZv, Mvb BZ¨vw` iPbv K‡ib| ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ MÖ‰wU G

†cÖÿvc‡UB g~j¨vqY Ki‡Z n‡e| G MÖ‡‰i fve-welq, iƒcK-cÖZxKx

KweZv¸‡jv‡Z †hgb RvwZi Avkv-AvKvOÿvi cÖwZdjb NwU‡qwQj, †Zgwb

GK cÖej cÖvY-PvÂ‡j¨ mÂigvb n‡q D‡VwQj AvkvnZ, fvM¨nZ gymwjg

RbMY| Avi Zvi mv_©KZv †c‡qwQj ÔmvZ mvM‡ii gvwSÕ Kve¨MÖ‡‰ iƒcK-

cÖZx‡Ki wbcyYfv‡e eënv‡ii Kvi‡YB|

diiæL Avng‡ì ¯^cœf½

gynv¤§` Rvdi Djøvn&

Pwjø‡ki `k‡Ki †kÖô Kwe diiæL Avng` ¯^c′ †`‡LwQ‡jb ivm~‡j Kixg

(mv.)-Gi cÖ`wk©Z I cÖwZwôZ Bmjvwg iv‡óªi| †m jÿ¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L

wZwb Rxeb evwR †i‡L msMÖvg K‡iwQ‡jb ¯vaxbZvi Rb¨| Zuvi cÖwZwU

KweZv-Mv‡bi Q‡Î Q‡Î dz‡U D‡V‡Q Bmjv‡gi †mB BwZnvm, HwZn¨, b¨vq

wePvi, D`vi I mvg¨bxwZi Awgq evYx|

diiæL †f‡ewQ‡jb †KvwU gvby‡li i³Siv `vex, msMÖvgx † øvMvb

ÔcvwK Ív‡bi A_© wK-jv Bjvnv Bjøvjøvn&Õi AvBb Abyhvqx G‡`k kvwmZ n‡e|

my`-Nyl, `ybx©wZ, ¯RbcÖxwZ, bM′Zv I †envqvcbvi Aemvb n‡e| _vK‡e bv

gvby‡li Ici gvby‡li A‣ea KZ…©Z¡| cÖ‡Z¨K gvbyl ¯^vaxbfv‡e Avnvi, wb`ªv,

Kg©ms v‡bi AwaKvi cv‡e| my‱ì I myL-kvw‰Íi Abykxjb n‡e cÖwZ N‡i|

jÿ †KvwU †Z․wnèv`x ewÂZ RbZvi g‡Zv Kwe diiæ‡Li ¯c′I †f‡½

†P․wPi n‡q hvq| wZwb wbR †Pv‡L cÖZ¨ÿ K‡ib ÿgZvmxb gymwjg jxM

†bZv‡ì Iqv`vi ei‡Ljvd, ¯RbcÖxwZ, jvMvgnxb †fvM wejvm| cwðgv

Lvb, cvVvb I cvÄvex‡ì †`․ivZ¥¨| †Kvb †Kvb †ÿ‡Î gynvwRi wenvwi‡ì

evovevwo| evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZ cwðg cvwK Ív‡bi wegvZvmyjf AvPiY| fvlvi

cÖ‡k′ KwVb wbh©vZb| mxgvnxb A_©‣bwZK †kvlY| mgv‡Ri cÖwZwU †ÿ‡Î

`ybx©wZ, Acms¯‥…wZ I bM′Zvi cÖPjb| MYivq‡K D‡cÿv K‡i A ¿ e‡j †`k

kvmb| Bmjv‡gi bv‡g ¯vaxb †`‡k Gme A‣bmjvwgK Kvh©µg †`‡L

diiæ‡Li ü`q ÿZ-weÿZ nq| nZvkvwP‡Ë Kwe M`¨Q‡‱` †j‡Lbt

Avgvi ¯‡c′ †`Lv †`k,

†h †`k GL‡bv c‡owb Avgvi bR‡i

(wK‰‧ †h †`‡ki w`‡K †R‡M Av‡Q Avgvi `„wó

bxo-cÖZ¨vkx CM‡ji Zx² `„wói gZ

M„n-cÖZ¨vkx gvjøvi AvMÖnx `„wói gZ)|

K‡e †m †`‡ki †`Lv cve-Avwg Rvwb bv|...

†m †`k Avwg Lyu‡R cvBwb,

†m †`k Avgvi ¯‡c′B Av‡Q|

Av`‡k© ev j‡ÿ¨ AwePj †`‡ki evwm‱`v

gyn¤§` gwZDi ingvb m¤úvw`Z

diiæL Avng‡ì ¯^vZš¿ I •ewkó¨, cÖ_g LÛ

656 c„ôvi ZË¡-Z_¨c~Y© GKwU g~jëvb MÖ‰| g~j¨ t 500.00 UvKv gvÎ|

wewkó †jLK‡ì wbe©vwPZ †jLvi G msKjb MÖ‰wU Kwe diiL Avng‡ì

Rxeb I mvwnZ¨ m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi Rb¨ GKwU AZ¨vek¨Kxq MÖ‰|

diiæL Avng‡ì ¯^vZš¿ I •ewkó¨, wØZxq LÐ

345 c„ôv, g~j¨ t 300.00 UvKv gvÎ|

†hvMv‡hv‡Mi wVKvbv t evsjv‡`k †Kv-Acv‡iwUf eyK †mvmvBwU wjt, wbqvR gwÄj,

922 Rywejx †ivW, PÆMÖvg-4000| 125 gwZwSj ev/G, XvKv-1000|

150-151 Mft wbD gv‡K©U, AvwRgcyi, XvKv-1205|

38/4 gvb′vb gv‡K©U (2q Zjv), evsjvevRvi, XvKv-1100|


(GKgvÎ Avjøvni weavb‡KB MÖnY K‡i‡Q hviv

Cgvb Avi Avg‡j

hv‡ì e¨w³MZ Avi mvgvwRK Rxe‡b

bvB kqZv‡bi AvwacZ¨

bvB Ab¨vq-Am‡Zï cÖwZcwË,

bvB Akvw‰Íi Kvj cÖwZQvqv)

mKj cyiæl †hLv‡b PwiÎevb

mKj bvix †hLv‡b PwiÎeZx

†mB †`k-B Avgvi ¯‡c′i ‡`k...

†hw`b Avgiv wb‡qwQ

Cgv‡bi cwie‡Z© †e-Cgvbx

GKZvi cwie‡Z© wek„Ljv

ïiæ n‡q‡Q †mw`b †_‡KB

Avgv‡ì P~ov‰Í `yM©wZ|

G msÿz× KweZvi mgvwß Uv‡bb Kwe Gfv‡e|

†h nvZ wewj‡q w`Z mviv `ywbqvi ey‡K

†eïgvi Pzwb, cvb′v, Rgiæ`, RI‡nivZ

†m nvZ GLb A‡bï ìRvq K…cvcÖv_©x

†m AvR wfÿv Pvq Kvb′v KiæY K‡É

GKwU mvgvb¨ Zvgvi cqmv|

(nv‡e`v giæi Kvwnwb)

Zuvi GKvi c‡ÿ Gm‡ei Aemvb Kiv m¤¢e wQ‡jv bv| Kwe

ZvB Rbg‡b †ÿvf I RvMiY m„wói j‡ÿ¨ Kjg ai‡jb e¨½

KweZvq| bv‡g †e-bv‡g AmsL¨ KweZv †j‡Lb wZwb| GK GKwU

e¨½ KweZv wQ‡jv ek©vi Zxÿèdjvi g‡Zv| †h wel‡q hv‡K D‡Ïk¨

K‡i wjL‡Zb Zv‡K bv Ívbvey` K‡i Qvo‡Zb| GB e¨½ KweZv

†jLvi Aciv‡a 1957 mv‡ji w`‡K Kwe‡K †ek wKQzw`b Mv XvKv

w`‡q Pj‡Z n‡q‡Q|

wZwb nvqvZ `vivR Lvb cvwK Ívbx, BqvievR Lvb, gyÝx

†Z‡jmgvZ, †Kvievb eqvZx, M`vB †cUv nvRvix, NyNyevR Lvb,

gvwbK cxi, midivR Lvb cÖf…wZ QÙbv‡g e¨½ KweZv wjL‡Zb|

K. cvwK Ívb Avg‡j cwðgv Lvb‡ì AbyKi‡Y evsjv‡`wk

A‡bK Avgjv, PvUzKvi ivRbxwZK wb‡Ri bv‡gi Av‡M ev c‡i

ÔLvbÕ hy³ K‡i †ek Me©‡eva Ki‡Zv| miKvi †_‡K bvbv my‡hvM

myweav †bevi †Póv Pvjv‡Zv| diiæL GB N„Y¨ AvwfRvZ¨‡K

P‡cUvNvZ †n‡b wjL‡jb t

G‡K Lvb, I‡K Lvb

Av‡M Lvb, wc‡Q Lvb

hv‡K cvb Zv‡K Lvb|

L. `ybx©wZcivqY †bZv‡ì cÖwZ e¨½ K‡i Kwe †j‡Lbt

gvby‡li jvwM Kuvw` wfRv‡qwQ Avgvi Avw Íb,

Kg‡iW! †eivì... hvB e‡jv †R‡bv Avwg †bZv

Av`k© fv½v‡q LvB gy³ w`‡j D`vi-cÖ‡PZv

RbZvi gv_v †ewP Avwbe gyw³i jvj w`b|

‡mB mv‡_ †gvi Uu¨vK n‡e Rvwb m¤ú~Y© iw½b,

giæK cÂvk jvL, gvwie cÂvk jvL wb‡R

Anwb©wk e‡q hvB RbZvi `yt‡Li mswMb|

M. †Zvlv‡gv`Kvix‡ì D‡Ï‡k t

‣Zj g`©‡bi aviv GLv‡b, †Kbbv

G gv‡V †`‡LwQ †Xi kÖgwegy‡Li Avbv‡Mvbv|

cvwK Ívwb kvmK‡ì A‣bmjvwgK kvmb-Îvm‡bi weiæ‡× wPi

msMÖvgx Kwe diiæL ÔivR-ivRovÕ bvgK GKwU mvov RvMv‡bv e¨½

bvUK †j‡Lb| XvKv wek¦we`¨vjqmn †`‡ki bvbv RvqMvq GwU

gÂ nq| ZLb †jv‡Ki gy‡L gy‡L ivR-ivRov bvU‡Ki †køvK

†kvbv †hZ|

¯c′f½ Kwe Mfxifv‡e GK_v Dcjw× K‡ib †h, cÖPwjZ ivRbxwZ,

Z_vKw_Z cvðvZ¨ MYZ‰¿ ev †Kvb ivR‣bwZK mg‡SvZvq KziAvb I myb′vn&i

cÖ`wk©Z c‡_ ivóª cÖwZôv I miKvi cwiPvjbv m¤¢e bq| iv‡óªi mKj ch©v‡q

KziAvb I myb′vn&i AvBb Kv‡qg Ki‡Z n‡j me©vZ¥K Bmjvwg wecøe mvab

Ki‡Z n‡e| GRb¨ cÖ‡qvRb GK`j cÖwkwÿZ bI‡Rvqvb| GK`j wbtk¼

gvbeZvev`x bi-bvix| hviv K_v I Kv‡R, ¯‡c′ I ev¯Í‡e LuvwU gymwjg iƒ‡c

wb‡R‡ì •Zwi K‡i †b‡e| hv‡ì ì` Dc‡P co‡e `xb-`ytLx gvby‡li


Rb¨| Zv‡ì †`‡L gRjy‡gi A‰Íi cÖkvw‰Í‡Z f‡i DV‡e, Avkvi Av‡jv

RvM‡e cÖwZ ü`‡q| hviv •¯ivPv‡ii UzwU †P‡c ai‡e| Zviv †Kvb

A‣bmjvwgK kw³i mv‡_ Avcm Ki‡e bv| Rbmvavi‡Yi c~Y© mg_©b wb‡q

evsjvi Rwg‡b g`xbvi †m․if Qov‡e| †nivi Av‡jvq Kv‡qg Ki‡e Bmjvwg

mgvR| diiæL ZvB Zuvi KweZv Mv‡b dzwU‡q †Zv‡jb †m ¯M©xq †m․‱`h©¨|

iPbv K‡ib ÔKv‡djvÕ Ônv‡e`v giæi KvwnwbÕ †j‡Lb ÔgvnwdjÕ, Ôwm‱`vev`Õ,

Ô‡b․‡dj-nv‡ZgÕ, Ô‡n eb¨ ¯‡c′ivÕ cÖf…wZ| Kwei `„pwek¦vm c~‡Yï cÖwZ

Av¯vi mv‡_ me©vZ¥K wRnv` Avi knx`x i³ Qvov †Kvb Kv‡j, †Kvb hy‡M,

†Kvb †`‡k Bmjvwg mgvR I ivóª Kv‡qg nq wb, KL‡bv n‡e bv| bexRxi

†`Lv‡bv myb′vZ Abyhvqx, nhiZ Avey eKi, Igi, Imgvb, Avjx, Lv‡j`

(iv.) Gi cÖ`wk©Z c‡_ G wbqgZvw‰¿K msMÖvg Pj‡e| Kwei fvlvq t

Rxe‡bi †P‡q `„ß g„Zz¨ ZLwb Rvwb

knx`x i‡³ †n‡m I‡V h‡e whw‱`Mvwb,

bZzb md‡i ïiæ †nvK AvR Rxeb †mB;

gy³ cÖv‡Yi †ivkwb‡Z fq-k¼v †bB|

Kvev-‡Kw‱ ªK Rxe‡bi GB cwiµgv,

K¬v‰Í iv‡Zi mskq g‡b †i‡Lv bv Rgv|

me `wiqv‡K euva‡e †Zvgvi B‡Ënv`;

me cÖwZ‡iva fvO‡e †Zvgvi GB †Rnv`|

wRnv‡ì gv‡S Rvwb ïay Av‡Q whw‱`Mvwb,

P‡jv †mB c‡_ gy³ cÖv‡Yi †n mÜvbx|

cvwo `vI † ªvZ KwVb cÖqv‡m AKz‡Zvfq;

G wbkx‡_i Zx‡i n‡e †di m~‡h©v`q|

evavi cv_v‡i wKk&Zx fvmv‡bv ¯c′mva,

c~Y© K‡ib gvwjK Avjøvn& Avj-Avnv`|

(Kv‡djv)

(†jL‡Ki ÔwPi msMÖvgx Kwe diiæLÕ MÖ‰ †_‡K msKwjZ)|

HwZ‡nï ¯^cœvwfmvix ALÐ Kwe

†gvnv¤§` mwdDj nK

ÔKweiv ïay ªóvB bb-`ªóvI| Ab¨MZ hy‡Mi cà″wb Zuviv ïb‡Z cvb|

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diiæL Avng` gymjgvb‡ì wea″ Í Rxeb Afxávi ¯îƒc A‡‰^lY

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n‡q‡Qb| ivóªwP‰Ív †_‡K ïiæ K‡i agx©q I ivR‣bwZK Av`k© Z uvi KweZvi

fvegÛj wbq‰¿Y K‡i‡Q| A_P GKUv Av`k© mvg‡b †i‡LI wZwb KweZvi

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cvVK-g‡b GKUv ¯Z‰¿ Abyf~wZ m„wó‡Z mÿg|

MÖš’v‡jvPbv

[1]

ni‡di Qov| diiæL Avng`| cÖKvkK t Gm.Gg iBmDÏxb, cwiPvjK

(BbPvR©), evsjv‡`k †Kv-Acv‡iwUf eyK †mvmvBwU wjt| Z…Zxq ms¯‥iY t

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G. gyK&Zvwì| c„ôv t 32| g~j¨ t 58 UvKv|

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gnvKve¨, e¨½-KweZv, Kve¨bvU¨, MxwZbvU¨, e¨½bvUK I wkï‡Zvl Qov-

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†i‡L‡Qb| Zuvi iwPZ wkï‡Zvl MÖ‡‰i

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diiæL M‡elYv dvD‡Ûkb cyi¯‥vi cÖvß‡ì ZvwjKv

diiæL M‡elYv dvD‡Ûkb cyi¯‥vi-2008 †gvnv¤§` gvn&dzRDjøvn&

diiæL M‡elYv dvD‡Ûkb cyi¯‥vi-2009 kvneyÏxb Avng`

diiæL M‡elYv dvD‡Ûkb cyi¯‥vi-2010 W±i mybxjKzgvi gy‡Lvcva¨vq

diiæL M‡elYv dvD‡Ûkb cyi¯‥vi-2011 Avãyj gvbœvb •mq`

diiæL M‡elYv dvD‡Ûkb cyi¯‥vi-2012 Avãyi ivwk` Lvb

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[5]

Eagles’s Eye: Life and Works of Farrukh Ahmed

A Cristal Analysis of a Humanitarian Poet Mohammad Jashim Uddin

Farrukh Ahmad is one of the most powerful poets of Bangla

literature, and known as Muslim Renaissance poet. He is also considered a humanitarian poet in Bangla like Kazi Nazrul Islam, national poet of Bangladesh.

Farrukh was a keen observer of social settings and he devotedly worked to influence the countrymen‟s psyche with his ideas. His thoughts, whether about literature or culture or society or reform, are all literature-centered. He was committed to using poetry as a tool to spread his vision of life and for the revival of cultural values, ethics and morality, which he so cherished, to salvage the misguided humanity from the spell of materialism and disgrace. He had a clear concept about the social role of literature. He was a vigilant sailor in the rough sea of life‟s struggle. The avid readers of Bangla literature is celebrating hundred years birth anniversary of poet Farrukh Ahmed. He was born on 10th June, 1918 and died on 19 October, 1974.

As a great follower of poet Farrukh Ahmed, Shah Abdul Halim, a writer and researcher, has written the book Eagles’s Eye:

Life and Works of Farrukh Ahmed. The book is just published in August, 2017. Al Mahmud, a legendary poet and writer of Sonali Kabin, wrote the foreword of the book. In „foreword, he opines that the book “has discussed how Farrukh gave a new life to the puthi literature;

used Arabic-Persian words in the most fascinating manner and used metaphors successfully. The book has also discussed the poet‟s love for the oppressed humanity and how the hollowness of materialism and mechanical civilization are highlighted in his poetic works and translations.” Farrukh used the stories of the puthi

literature for creating a new and modern Bengali literature and used such Arabic and Persian words as are suitable for the literary work. By doing that he enriched Bengali literature. The lost treasures of the puthi literature come alive through his writings, with the radiance of gems and pearls. Indeed, the poet is successful in providing that it is possible to articulate modern literature based on puthi. Regarding

this, Professor Abdul Mannan Sayeed opines that Farrukh Ahmed reclaimed unfamiliar words and used those in the poems in a new and figurative style like a skillful artist. He revived the dead pieces of writings from history and popular tales and gave them a new life and established them in literature. Excluding reference section, the book has two chapters:

„Preface‟ and „Eagle‟s Eye; Life and Work of Farrukh Ahmed‟. In „Preface‟, the author explained why he has felt to write the book right now and how he has collected the authentic sources to complete the book. Finally, he acknowledged to Mahbubul Haq, M M Rahman, Sayed Muhammad Wahiduzzaman, Dr. Khandaker Rashedul Haque, Professor Matiur Rahman, and some others as for

their cooperation he has completed his writing. The main chapter has chronological development and some sub-

chapters. First, he describes Farrukh‟s personal life and his contribution to the Bangla literature. Second, specialty of Farrukh‟s poems, their structure, feature and theme are discussed. Third, he compiles some literary comments on Farrukh Ahmed‟s writings so

that the readers can feel the strengths of Farrukh‟s poems.


The author remarks Farrukh Ahmed as „ever smiling‟, „firm and resolute‟, „steadfast and unyielding on principle issues‟, „indifferent to both fame and infamy‟, „a true defender of faith‟, „a mujaheed‟,

„an inimitable literary genius‟, „a master of metaphors‟, and so on. There was vanity and no pride in his character, nothing artificial, no pretention. For example, when he was offered to receive the highest literary (Sitara-i-Imtiaz) award from Pakistan government, he denied it because he thought after receiving the prize the government might force him to work in favour of them. But we know he shows his

affection for Bangla during the historical language movement. He composed a good number of poems in support of Bangla as a state language. „He writes: my country‟s language is sweeter than honey- madhur cheye madhur je bhai amar desher bsasha.‟ He has also written an article titled „Pakistan: Rashtrobasha O shahitya‟. It shows his deep commitment for Bangla language.

Analysing Farrukh Ahmed‟s character the author says that „he would break but not bend‟. „Farrukh also believed that man may be defeated but there is no decline of the soul.‟ He contributes to such areas of Bengali literature as epic, lyrical poetry, sonnet, song, poetic drama, satirical-poem, satirical-drama, short stories, novel, and juvenile literature, children literature and translated poetry. He has

written a few hundreds of sonnets in Bangla and few satirical-sonnets which are new in world literature.

Farrukh Ahmed‟s works have „the vastness of the sky, the depth of the ocean and the height of the mountain‟. In fact, he is magical in presentation, spontaneous and artistic and more modern than his compatriots. The poet has created a literary domain of his own,

where he portrayed traditional culture and heritage with an extraordinary literary beauty and splendor. „He was able to show an amazing originality, a distinct and rare talent in the literary realm‟.

His literary journey is „artistic, romantic and bright in imagination‟, and also „inspiring in hope‟. Moreover, the artistic use of words and the befitting presentation of the subject matter made

him an eminent modern poet of the forties. One of the laudable traits of the literary works of Farrukh is that he avoids presenting subjects directly; rather, he uses pictograms and characters that make his poetry moving, emotional and sensitive. The poet created distinctly modern Bengali poetry by seamlessly blending together traditional words with an innovative form of

expression. His creative and novelty are distinct in the ecstasy,

language and forms of the poems; more so in the imagination and expression of emotion. Farrukh does not believe in „art for art‟s sake‟. His works reflect

delight, joy and happiness, sorrow, grief, rain and agony. He is the pioneer who has made the principles and teachings of Islam the subject matter of literature. Then the author explains why Farrukh uses religious aspects in his poems. According to the author, „The poet considered Islam as the religion of humanity of the upcoming days. He highlights these teachings in his literature.‟

Critically analysing some other poems of Farrukh Ahmed, the author claims that „it would be wrong to say that Farrukh wrote poetry only for the Muslim community. He is not a poet of any particular group or community. He was beyond all narrowness. He is the poet of all people.‟

Farruk Ahmed shows his reaction against colonial power and

local oppressors in „Lash‟, Chahram Sawaler Jabab‟, “Panjeri‟, „Habeda Morur Kahini‟, „Dahuk‟, „1974‟, and so on. The poet blames the mechanical civilization, a lifeless artificial civilization, for all worldly ills. He, thus, adds a new dimension to the poetical work. He blames the leadership which plunders the earth for domination, the slaves of materialistic and barbaric civilization for

building the pleasure-houses by snatching the legitimate rights of the hungry mouths, and for misuse of women, children and toiling masses. He has nineteen poems on famine.

Finally, he does not forget to mention that Farrukh Ahmed was influenced by Muhammad Iqbal and Farrukh‟s songs. According to him, „Both Nazrul and Tagore are popular among the people because

of their songs. In order to make Farrukh popular among the people, we have to recover all his composed music from the archive of the Radio Bangladesh and at the same time, compose music for the rest of the songs.”

The book contains some bold and valuable attempts to discover Farrukh‟s talent. It will also help researchers to identify a new

dimension of Bangla literature. The lucid and straightforward language of the book will attract the readers more to know about Farrukh Ahmed. So it can be hoped that the Muslim Renaissance poet, Farrukh Ahmed will be known much in future because of the book.

The writer is an Assistant Professor, Department of English, Northern

University Bangladesh


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n‡Q| diiæL M‡elYv dvD‡ÛkbI weMZ wek eQi hver mwµqfv‡e

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mÿg ne BbkvAvjøvn&| GRb¨ wZwb gnvb ive″yj Avjvgx‡bi mvnvh¨ Kvgbv

K‡ib| †gvbvRvZ I Avc¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g mfvi mgvwß †NvlYv Kiv nq|

kwe dii⁾l avn&g` rb‾kz evwl⁂kx we‡kl msl⁁v 2017 · diiol gkvwgx cw¨kv, rbkzevwlkx...

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