Experiment no Verification of kirchhoff’s voltage law (kvl)

Requirement:-

s.n. Name of equipment

Type Range Qty. Remark

1 Regulated power supply

ME 561D 0-3 v 1 nos.

ME 561DMike mods

5 ohm.,10 ohm,22 ohm,33 ohm

2 Ammeter Mc 0-2.5m amp.

2 nos.

3 Voltmeter Mc 0-3 v 1 nos.4 Connecting wires Pvc 5 amp. 5 nos.5 resistances Wire

wound5-33 ohm. 4 nos.

Theory:- according to this law “the algebraic sum of voltage around a closed ckt. Or loop is zero.

it can also stated as in any closed ckt.,the algebraic sum of the products of currents and resistance in each of the conductors is equal to the algebraic sum of the emf’s of the batteries.

Ckt. Diagram:-

Difference between kirchoff’s first and second law:-

First law (KCL) Second law (KVL) This law supports the

law of conservation of charge

Acc. To the law sigma j=0

This law can be used In open and closed ckt.

This law supports the law of conservation of energy.

Acc to the law sigma e=sigma ir

This law can be used in closed ckt.

Procedure:- 1. connect the ckt. As shown in the fig.

2. Switch on the dc- supply.

3. Note the reading of ammeter and voltmeter.

4. Change the value of rheostat and repeat the steps thrice.

Observation:-

S.N. Current in amp.(I)

Voltage (V1) volts

Voltage(V2) volts

Voltage(V3) volts

V1+V2+V3=0

12345

Calculation:- add the voltage v1 and v2 recorded from voltmeter and recorded the same in the last column of the table.

Result:- as the voltage v3 and v1+v2 are equal,the kirchoff’s voltage law is verified.

Precaution:-1. All the connection should be tight.

2. Before connecting the instruments, check their zero reading.

3. Terminal of the rheostat should be connected properly.

4. Any time ,the current of ammeter should not exceed the current rating of the rheostat.