kogi state urban observatory for sustainable, inclusive & prosperous cities gora mboup, ph.d.,...
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Kogi State Urban Observatory for Sustainable, Inclusive & Prosperous Cities
Gora Mboup, Ph.D., President & CEO, Global Observatory linking Research to Action
www.gora4people.org
Take –Off Training workshop organized byUN-Habitat/Kogi tate Government – Four Cities Structure Plan
Federal Univerisity, Lokoja, Kogi, Nigeria, 3 December 2014
Events and Milestones since 1996• 1996-2016 – Second United Nations Conference – Habitat Agenda• 2000-2015, the Millennium Development Slum Target
• 2012, Introduction of the notion of prosperity – The City Prosperity Index
• 2013, Publication of Streets as Public Spaces and Drivers of Urban Prosperity
• 2014 – Holistic approach of sustainability, social inclusion and prosperity of Cities• Post 2015 Development Agenda – Sustainable Development Goals• Third United Nations Conference – Housing and Sustainable Urban Development
(Habitat III, 2016)
19th Century: the Rural Century with 98% living in villages at the beginning and 90% at the end of the century
Urbanization in the World: from a rural century to a urban century
20th Century: the Urban Transition Century with only 10% living in cities and towns at the beginning and 47% at the end of the century
21th Century: the Urban Century with half of the world living in cities at the beginning and 70% by 2050
Urban context of sustainability, Inclusiveness and Prosperity
Endless growth of cities in the periphery Low density settlements Reduction of land allocated to streets and public spaces Growing inequalities between rich and poor Grave damage to the environment
Urbanization and rapid land expansion
Urbanization and slum expansion
33% of urban population live in slums
864 million of urban population in developing countries live in slums
Global responses- The Millennium Development GoalsOne of the latest global agenda is the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), endorsed in the year 2000, where – member states agreed on eight global goals and eighteen global targets for the next fifteen years.
One of the global targets was the slum target (as part of Goal 7, originally named Target 11 and lately renamed target 7D), which was to achieve “ a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers by 2020”.
Slum Target has been reached - Celebration and disappointment in 2010 Urbanization continues to outpace improvements in slum conditions
1990 1995 2000 2005 2007 2010 20120
100200300400500600700800900
1000
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
46.2 42.939.4
35.634.3 32.6 32.7
Population living in slums and proportion of urban popu-lation living in slums, developing regions, 1990-2012
Urban Slum population(millions) Proportion of urban population living in slums
Proportion of urban pop-ulation in slums (Percent-age)
Urban slum population (mil-lions)
Improvement of 200+ million slum dwellers: more access to improved water, to improved sanitation, durable housing, sufficient living area
Voices from SlumsWe are one billion people living without access to basic services, without the right to security of tenure, and without public spaces. Our situation manifests at three levels: People level as expressed by our lack of basic services;
Place level by living in unplanned, informal settlement with high risk exposure to disaster; and
Policy level without secure tenure and high exposure to eviction.
Our three Ps must guide any future development agenda such as the post 2015 development agenda as well as the third Habitat conference in 2016 to become an agenda by the people for the people.
Slums – People, Places and Peoples
Urban Planning, Basic infrastructure, Policies
Places – start with planning and Designing of streets for a sustainable City Foundation
Urban Planning – streets as public spacesA sustainable city foundation must have a well connected street network with sufficient land allocated to streets that reduce travel time and encourage walking, cycling and social interactions. Well planned streets enhance infrastructure development, environment sustainability, economic development, social development, and social inclusion. They make cities resilient and prepared to overcome natural disasters.
Well planned and designed streets as public spaces – key for Sustainable, Inclusive & Prosperous Cities
Observartory linking Research to Action (ORA) for Sustainable, Inclusive & Prosperous Cities
Observatories linking Research to Action for sustainable, inclusive and prosperous cities
" Better Information for better people centered polices” is the primary goal of GORA
Observatories are institutional homes for development of urban indicators with quantitative as well as qualitative sources, from classical sources of information (population and housing censuses and household surveys) as well as GIS, Big data. They serve monitoring, evaluation and result-based management. They promote an agenda by the people for the people. .
What Observatories Do?
• Develop, collect and analyze indicators at local level to monitor a range of local or national priority issues – e.g. urban planning, infrastructure, social inclusion, social development, economic development, environment, disaster exposure, resilience, peace & secure, institutions and laws.
• Establish permanent mechanisms for monitoring development agendas and disseminate information to strengthen transparency in planning process
• Translate data to knowledge and knowledge to planning and policy-making at local and national level
• Build awareness and improve the decision making mechanism for sustainable, inclusive and prosperous cities
Urban Observatory and Urban Indicator Programme
Set of Indicator Description of Indicator
Core Sets of IndicatorCore indicator will be static; use for Global to local monitoring
Specific Sets of IndicatorSpecific indicator are country or city specific; used for local monitoring
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Level of Intervention
The level of intervention refers to the geographic area that the observatory is covering. The level is determined by the institutions involve, the thematic focus, the scope and the problems that is addressing.
Observatories could cover different political-administrative areas:
•Regional Level
•National Level
•City Level
Plan of Sustainability
Institutional support means government commitment to:
i) endorse the observatory; ii) establish horizontal linkages;iii) ensure the use of information to
strengthen decision-making and policy formulation.
Financial support is the provision of funds for the day-to-day functioning of the observatory by one or different stakeholders.
§ Observatories would be sustainable if:
a) there is a clear political commitment from the national government and the local authorities; b) they are conceived through participatory process involving local stakeholders (private sector, NGOs, community organizations, );
It is recommended to enlist the institutions that may provide financial support in terms of funding for data collection and analysis and experts.
Observatory linking Research toAction
CentralGovern-ment
Gen-der
Educ
Parlia-Ment-arians
Infra-struct-ure
NSO
Loc.Auth.
LandHous-ing
Aca-demia
Univ.
Train-ing
Res-earch
CivilSociety/Media
Press
Priv.Sect. NGOs
RadioTV
Youth
ExternalSupportAgencies
UN
Donors
Bilat-erals
INGOs
LocalAuthorit-ies
Munic-palities
Assoc-iations
Reg.Auth.
Sub-Reg
Voc.Tr.
Prof.Soc.
Wom-en’sGrps
Vul-Nerable-grps
Cont.Educ.
City-Citycoop
Para-statals
Observatory starts with Stakeholders consultation
From Research to Actions – Development of Policy/Action
The policy/action toolkit combines research analysis, impact assessment and learning practices and policies to assist for policy formulation and action plan development for a people agenda
Visualize, analyse and participate - Advocacy & Communication
Key findings must be taken to people and institutions through user friendly platform of advocacy and communication accessible to the people as well as to institutions. Observatories promote Open data through data visualization and revolution technology including social media, open portal, workshops and conferences.
Needs for training & capacity development in the development and use of indicators for policy formulation
A major weak link between research and action is in the difficulty of people, government employees and other stakeholders to use indicators for policy formulation. People and technicians as well as managers, and decision-makers, must be equipped with instruments on the development and use of indicators to empower themselves and inform policies and programmes.