knowledge and tourism development coping with diversity henrik halkier professor of regional and...
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KNOWLEDGE AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
Coping with diversity
Henrik HalkierProfessor of Regional and Tourism Studies
Aalborg UniversityDenmark
[email protected]://www2.ihis.aau.dk/~halkier/
Henrik HalkierAalborg UniversityDenmark
KNOWLEDGE AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
Coping with diversity
Henrik HalkierAalborg UniversityDenmark
KNOWLEDGE AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
Coping with diversity
1. Issues: Knowledge and tourism (and EURODITE)
2. Conceptualising knowledge dynamics
3. Knowledge, public policy, and tourism diversity
http://www2.ihis.aau.dk/~halkier/
KNOWLEDGE AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
Coping with diversity
KNOWLEDGE, TOURISM (and EURODITE)
Policy concerns EU Lisbon strategy in practice: high-tech, big-science ? cluster-mania in policy communities across Europe
EURODITE 2005-2010 network researching regional knowledge dynamics focus on seven selected sectors, including tourism sectoral / territorial knowledge dynamics firm-level case studies
CONCEPTUALISING KNOWLEDGE DYNAMICS
knowledge types: different truth criteria analytical, synthetic, symbolic
knowledge phases: purpose of activity exploration, examination, exploitation
knowledge sites: location explicit, complicit, implicit individual, collective
knowledge processes: drivers, strategies, institutions regulation, markets, networks, corporate objectives organisational, professional, markets, products/processes
FROM TOURISM TO TOURISMS
Travel services• commercial• infrastructural
On-site services• accommodation• catering• transport
On-site activities• prescribed/voluntary• non-/commercial
Market intelligence
Production /consumption
Consumption monitoring
Conception/ design / marketing
Drivers and organisation of tourism activities
Purpose
Pleasure Duty
Organi-sation
Indiv-idual
Tourist destinationsPilgrimage
Accidental tourismVisiting relatives
Corpo-rate
Package toursTrekking, Cruises
MICE (meetings, incentives,
conferences, exhibitions)
FROM TOURISM TO TOURISMS
INDIVIDUAL PLEASURE: DESTINATION TOURISM
Travel services• flights• roads
On-site services• hotels/B&Bs• rentals/campsites• restaurants, shops• car hire
On-site activities• voluntary, attractions• cultural/natural
Market intelligence
Conception/ design / marketing
Production /consumption
Consumption monitoring
(Budget) airlines
(Inter)national chainsSMEs
Promotional bodiesPublic/private providers
Promotional bodiesTargeted tourists
Analytical Synthetic Symbolic
Exploration (Market research) (Market research)
Examination Market research Market research
Exploitation Productdevelopment
Promotiondevelopment
INDIVIDUAL PLEASURE: DESTINATION TOURISM
Drivers /
responses
Organi-sational
Profes-sional Market Product/ process
Regulation Networking PromotionCertification Certification
Market structure
Networking (Research) Networked promotion(Research)
Networked innovation(Research)
Networks Brand-based presence
Convenient travel
Corporate objectives
Brand-based presence
Cheap travel
Destination SMEsHotel chainsAirlines
INDIVIDUAL PLEASURE: DESTINATION TOURISM
ORGANISED PLEASURE: PACKAGE TOURISM
Travel services• flights• roads
Market intelligence
Conception/ design / marketing
Production /consumption
Consumption monitoring
TOUR OPERATORSSubcontractors in
transport/accommodation
Tour operatorsPublic/private providers
Promotional bodiesTargeted tourists
On-site activities• voluntary, excursions• 4 Ss (sun, sex,...)• attractions
On-site services• hotels• restaurants, shops• car hire
Analytical Synthetic Symbolic
Exploration (Market research) (Market research)
Examination Market research Market research
Exploitation Productdevelopment
Promotiondevelopment
ORGANISED PLEASURE:
PACKAGE TOURISM
Drivers /
responses
Organi-sational Professional Market Product/ process
Regulation
Market structure
Graduate recruitment
PromotionResearch
InnovationResearch
Networks
Corporate objectives
International mergers
ORGANISED PLEASURE:
PACKAGE TOURISM
KNOWLEDGE SITESIN TOURISM
Individual Collective
Explicit
Training Guidelines
Implicit
Practice Practice
Complicit
Formal/informalnetworks
Package holidaysHotel chainsAirlinesDestination SMEs
KNOWLEDGE DYNAMICSISSUES IN TOURISM
Intersection of tourisms expectation of different knowledge dynamics degree of coexistence within localities/regions/nations some actors involved in different tourisms a challenge for schizophrenic public policies ... and for EURODITE case studies
diverse dynamics and their interaction