breaking out of boring tourism path dependency? the case of north jutland, denmark henrik halkier...
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BREAKING OUT OF BORING TOURISM PATH DEPENDENCY?
The case of North Jutland, Denmark
Henrik Halkier & Anette TherkelsenAalborg University, Denmark
[email protected] – [email protected]
1. Introduction: Path dependency in tourism
2. Finding a new path: From path creation to path
plasticity
3. Tourism in North Jutland: Path dependency and
path plasticity4. Perspectives: Researching tourism path plasticities
PATH DEPENDENCY IN TOURISMLimited innovation despite policy
Limited innovation an oft-repeated claim in tourism research Small actors with limited resources Many public policies addressing this,
Competitive pressure on European destinations growing Cheap flights, also to far-away destinations Internet creates new transperancy for experienced travellers
Need to stimulate change through public policy obvious … but prospects of extensive change seems limited
Henrik Halkier & Anette Therkelsen
FINDING A NEW PATHFrom path creation to path
plasticity
Concept of path dependency well-established System of institutions maintaining direction Firms, regulation, actor behaviour, discourse
Traditional way out: Path creation Sudden change, from outside existing system Focus on big transformations
Alternative: Path plasticity (Simone Strambach) Incremental change in institutions/system Enabled by interpretable ill-enforced institutions Actors within, sometimes external inspiration
Henrik Halkier & Anette Therkelsen
A path-dependency perspective on North Jutland
TIES THAT BIND
Tourists
Providers Regulators
Families with kids, nature-based summer, automobile, neighbouring markets, self-catering, week-based
Civil-society ownership/co-use, life-style entrepreneurs, semi-monopolitistic rental bureaus
National ownership, seaside planning restrictions, marketing
Henrik Halkier & Anette Therkelsen
A path-plasticity perspective on North Jutland
LOOSENING UP?
Tourists
Providers Regulators
No-kid guest, +culture-driven, also more distant markets, flying in, shorter breaks
More innovative SMEs, professionalisation, service innovation, new transport links
More flexible planning, ownership flexibility?, innovation focus in policy, new marketing, coordination of small providers
Henrik Halkier & Anette Therkelsen
PERSPECTIVESResearching tourism path plasticities
Henrik Halkier & Anette Therkelsen
Need for comprehensive approach to destination analysis Interdisciplinary, process-oriented Quantative, qualitative
Key challenges Identifying central systemic institutions (clustering) Exploring the scope for variation within system Longitudinal studies to follow incremental change
Article in German Journal of Economic Geography 2013 More news later … Meanwhile: [email protected], [email protected]