King John England V France, 1294

We will be deepening our knowledge of King John’s reign by

exploring the War between England and France in 1294.

Why did war break out?

• Edward ruled land in France.

• In 1294 King Philip IV said Gascony was part of France and wanted Edward to pay homage for it.

Why did war break out?

• Edward refused to do homage.

• King Philip decided to take the land from Edward

• May 1294 England declared war on France.

Effects on Scotland

In 1294 Edward asked: – King John– Ten Scottish earls – Sixteen Scottish barons– Fighting men

to join him in his war against France.

The Scots did not want this - they had no problem with France.

King John The Scots Rebellion

We will be deepening our knowledge of King John’s reign by

exploring the Scots Rebellion.

The Scots Rebellion

In 1295 the Scots faced 3 main problems…

1. They had all agreed that Edward was Overlord.

2. King John could not stand up to Edward.

3. Scotland was not strong enough to fight Edward on her own.

Problem 1

Nobles had all agreed that Edward was

Overlord.

SolutionThey asked the Pope to cancel all agreements made with Edward• They said King Edward had bullied them into

making agreement= The Pope had these agreements cancelled

Problem 2King John would not stand up to

Edward

Solution• The nobles (led by the Comyn’s)

declared Balliol incompetent to rule.• ‘Community of the Realm’ (Stirling,

1295) elected 12 men to help rule - The Council of Twelve.

• Similar to the Guardians - 4 earls, 4 bishops, 4 barons.

The Council of Twelve sent a letter to Edward stating that he had…

Caused harm to the liberties of ourselves and our kingdom by summoning us outside our realm at the mere beck and call of anybody

Problem 3

Scotland was not strong enough to fight

Edward on her own.

Solution• October 1295 the Scots made a

Treaty with King Philip IV; ‘The Auld Alliance’

• The Auld Alliance stated: 1. Scotland and France would help

each other against Edward.2. Neither country would make a separate peace with Edward.

If the foresaid king of England personally leaves his land of England…while the war lasts… the said king of Scotland with all his power shall see to it that he invades the land of England as widely and deeply as he can

Edward was furious and saw this as a declaration of

war