KING HENRY VIIIKING HENRY VIII

EARLY YEARSEARLY YEARS

28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547 28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547 King of EnglandKing of England -21 April 1509 -21 April 1509 until his death until his death a a Renaissance ManRenaissance Man – scholar, – scholar, musician, author, poet musician, author, poet an avid gambler and dice playeran avid gambler and dice player more than 6 foot tallmore than 6 foot tall excelled at sports, especially excelled at sports, especially jousting, hunting, and real tennisjousting, hunting, and real tennis- 1536 – a jousting accident- 1536 – a jousting accident

THE YOUNG KINGTHE YOUNG KING

Coronation in 1509Coronation in 1509 Absolute power –Absolute power –opponents executedopponents executedfor high treason for high treason Married to Married to Catherine of Aragon Catherine of Aragon – – a political marriage, five children, only Mary survived a political marriage, five children, only Mary survived - wanted A SON- wanted A SON- 1519 - an illegitimate son by Elizabeth Blount – Henry - 1519 - an illegitimate son by Elizabeth Blount – Henry

FitzroyFitzroy

THE QUESTION OF DIVORCETHE QUESTION OF DIVORCE

1521 – Defence of the seven sacraments - against M. 1521 – Defence of the seven sacraments - against M. Luther – title - Defender of the Faith – by Pope Leo XLuther – title - Defender of the Faith – by Pope Leo X

1532 – fell in love with Anne Boleyn1532 – fell in love with Anne Boleyn Letter to the Pope asking for the annulment of his Letter to the Pope asking for the annulment of his

marriage – annulment denied –political reasonsmarriage – annulment denied –political reasons The King changed the Prime Minister and the Bishop The King changed the Prime Minister and the Bishop

of Canterbury – all power in his handsof Canterbury – all power in his hands Thomas Cranmer (Prime Minister) established the Thomas Cranmer (Prime Minister) established the

new Church of England with the King as the Head – new Church of England with the King as the Head – divorce granteddivorce granted

THE CHURCH OF ENGLANDTHE CHURCH OF ENGLAND

Translation of the Bible, confiscation of all Translation of the Bible, confiscation of all posessions of the Catholic Church posessions of the Catholic Church

Oath to the King – the murder of Thomas Moore, Oath to the King – the murder of Thomas Moore, priests and nuns banished priests and nuns banished

Thomas Cranmer and King Henry VII Thomas Cranmer and King Henry VII excommunicated by the Popeexcommunicated by the Pope

No ProtestantismNo Protestantism Thomas Cranmer later executed for high treasonThomas Cranmer later executed for high treason

ANNE BOLEYN ANNE BOLEYN AND JANE SEYMOURAND JANE SEYMOUR

Anne Boleyn – married in 1533Anne Boleyn – married in 1533 Daughter Elizabeth – Queen Elizabeth I (1533-1603)Daughter Elizabeth – Queen Elizabeth I (1533-1603) Again no son (miscarriage of a son in 1536)Again no son (miscarriage of a son in 1536) Executed for high treason in 1536Executed for high treason in 1536

A week later – the King married Jane SeymourA week later – the King married Jane Seymour Died giving birthDied giving birth Son Edward – King Edward VI (1537- 1553Son Edward – King Edward VI (1537- 1553

HENRY’S SIX WIVESHENRY’S SIX WIVES

Catherine of Aragon – divorcedCatherine of Aragon – divorced Anne Boleyn – executedAnne Boleyn – executed Jane Seymour – died Jane Seymour – died Anne Cleves – divorcedAnne Cleves – divorced Catherine Howard – executedCatherine Howard – executed Catherine Parr - survivedCatherine Parr - survived

OLD AGE AND DEATHOLD AGE AND DEATH

Consequences of the joustingConsequences of the jousting

accident – wounded leg, accident – wounded leg,

two hours’ unconsciousnesstwo hours’ unconsciousness No sports – bad eating habits No sports – bad eating habits

– – gaining weight – diabetes gaining weight – diabetes

- frustrations - despotism- frustrations - despotism Died on 28 January 1547Died on 28 January 1547

IMPORTANCEIMPORTANCE

Union of England, Wales and IrelandUnion of England, Wales and Ireland Royal Navy – made exploration possibleRoyal Navy – made exploration possible - British colonies- British colonies - innovations – cannons on ships- innovations – cannons on ships The Church of EnglandThe Church of England Built many castles Built many castles

DESCENDANCEDESCENDANCE

Edward VI – died at 15 (M. Twain: The Prince Edward VI – died at 15 (M. Twain: The Prince and the Pauper)and the Pauper)

Mary I – Bloody Mary – wanted to re-Mary I – Bloody Mary – wanted to re-introduce Catholicismintroduce Catholicism

Elizabeth I - R (Regina) – re-established the Elizabeth I - R (Regina) – re-established the Church of EnglandChurch of England