Hikaru Kobayashi

Vice-Minister of the Environment

Ministry of the Environment, Japan

27 May 2010

TBLI 　 CONFERENCE 　 ASIA 2010

Growth Strategy and Environmental Finance

Building a Society that RewardsEnvironmentally-friendly Businesses

2

Contributing to Both the Environment and Growth

Conserving biodiversity● Hold COP10● Promote global COP10 achievements● SATOYAMA initiative● Japan Biodiversity Fund (working title)

Developing the recycling industry and pursuing a more advanced 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) policy● Form a global recycling area and secure

optimized recycling in Asia● Develop water recycling businesses● Promote proper waste disposal and

recycling

Promoting social and economic initiatives to reduce carbon by 25%● Develop mid- to long-term strategy● Promote the Challenge 25 campaign● Green consumption: visualize CO2 use　　 Provide clear, accurate information● Green investment: promote environmental

financing

Symbiotic Society Low-Carbon Society

Recycling-oriented Society Safe and Secure Society

Making a clean environment, the foundation for safe and secure communities● Promote antipollution policies● Take measures to protect soil quality 　

Children’s health and the environment● Track chemical substances

3

Economic Costs of Disregarding the Environment (1)

Minamata City

Japan’s experience with environmental pollution: Minamata City case

Minamata disease● A disease caused by environmental pollution, officially recognized by the Japanese government in

1956. Minamata disease was caused when the Chisso Corporation chemical factory released highly toxic methyl mercury into its industrial wastewater, which flowed into Minamata Bay.

● The disease spread among those who ate polluted seafood, and resulted in serious sensory and movement disorders. Even newborn babies in the area suffered from similar symptoms and serious intelligence defects.

Note: Minamata disease broke out again in Agano Cho, Niigata prefecture due to polluted wastewater from the Showa Denko factory. This incident was officially recognized in 1965.

1956 　 First victim discovered

1968 　 Production of toxic substance finally stopped

Twelve years went by without clearly identifying the substance that caused the symptoms. The factory did not stop discharging mercury until 1968　　　　　　　　　　

Outbreak

1969 First legal action taken against Chisso1973 Chisso found guilty 1974 Law Concerning Pollution-Related Health Damage Compensation and other Measures enacted1975 Political resolution (victims’ group accepts government resolution)2004 Supreme Court decision in favor of victims who had moved to

Western Japan (responsibility of the country and prefecture acknowledged)

Ongoing long-term effects

4

Comparative study of the costs of compensation vs. pollution prevention

Cost of damages (per year)

1. Human health 7.671 billion yen2. Seafloor pollution 4.271 billion yen3. Fishery industry 0.689 billion yen

　　　 Yearly total: 12.631 billion yen

• Health damages are calculated based on total damage compensation between 1974 and 1989 as well as compensation and other costs determined under a 1973 court decision. Seafloor pollution damage calculated based on sludge dredging costs, and damage to the fishery industry is based on compensation paid to fisheries. Values shown in 1989 currency.

• The figures above do not include compensation arising after 1989.

Cost of prevention (per year)

Calculated based on the amount invested in pollution control measures at the Chisso

factory between 1955 and 1966

Yearly total: 123 million yen 　

Based on Japan’s Experience with Environmental Pollution (1991). (Society for the Study of Global Environmental Economics. ed.)

Taking prompt action to prevent pollution is a rational choice in

terms of cost efficiency

Photos:

Left: Prime Minister Hatoyama at the Victim Memorial Ceremony on May 1, 2010

Right: Minamata City today

The costs continued to grow

Economic Costs of Disregarding the Environment (2)

Series1

-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Reduced damage

GDP decrease

Net increase

Increased damage

GDP increase

Net decrease

Increased damage

GDP increase

Net decrease

Ideal Six years behind schedule

Ten years behind schedule

Source: Japan’s experience with environmental pollution (1997, Japan’s Experience with Air Pollution Exploratory Committee edition)

(billions of USD)

Co

mp

aris

on

ba

sed

on

act

ua

l situ

atio

ns

Cost-benefit balance of Japan’s anti-pollution measures

Japan took various anti air pollution measures during its period of high economic growth, including low-sulfur fuel measures

introduced in1964, followed by fuel conversion policies, energy-saving policies, and others

Investment in air pollution prevention peaked in 1975, before Japan’s economy stabilized and experienced a sharp drop after

1977

The chart below shows three sets of simulation results, each shows the cost of damages and severity of impact on GDP when

measures are introduced later than planned Cost of damages and GDP according to timing of measures (Values in 1990 prices: 1 USD = 140yen)

Economic Costs of Disregarding the Environment (3)

6

National Biodiversity Strategy of Japan 2010

7

■ Principal themes　● Assess 2010 targets and adopt new targets for the coming years

　● Complete review of international framework for Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS)

　● Sustainable use (Satoyama Initiative), participation of private sector (business and biodiversity), climate change and biodiversity, strengthening scientific foundations, protective area, oceans, and more

■ Dates: October 18–29, 2010

(High-level ministerial segment: October 27–29, 2010) (Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (MOP5): October 11–15, 2010)

　

■ Venue: Nagoya, Aichi (Nagoya Congress Center)　

■ Participants: 10,000 participants and observers expected from about 190 member states and international organizations

　

The Tenth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP 10) will be held in Japan

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Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit Sharing (ABS) Scheme

Recipient country Donor country

ABS agreement/contract

Donor

Recipient

Research, development,

and commercial development

Prior Informed Consent (PIC)

Access application

Approval

Authorized domestic agency

Mutually Agreed Terms (MAT)

Monetary benefit sharing

Benefit sharingCollective search and collection of

genetic resources

Collaborative research (sharing research outcomes, instructional training, etc.)

Collecting genetic resources

Conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, poverty

reduction, etc.

Securing access

9

Offer and popularize the Satoyama Initiative

around world as universal principles for the sustainable use and management of

natural resources

Three Principles1. Gather knowledge on recycling and living in

harmony with nature2. Integrate traditional wisdom and modern science 3. Explore new forms of commons*

*Natural resources used and managed by the local community and their joint management system

Target complex ecosystems surrounding agricultural and

mountain regions

Offer workshops

Collaborate with

international organizations

Procedure

Discuss with partnerships

Collect and analyze case studies

Five perspectives for achieving the three principles

1. Understand landscape characteristics and assess acceptable environmental limits and natural reproduction

2. Integrate traditional and local knowledge with modern scientific knowledge

3. Create a plan to optimize ecosystem services4. Have various organizations share land and natural

resources while participating in resource management5. Contribute to local communities and economies

Protect biodiversityPractice sustainable use of biodiversity

Partner-ship

NGOs

Educational and research institutions

GovernmentPrivate sector

International organizations

Publish information on a portal website

Germany (Europe) Malawi (Africa) Indonesia (SE Asia)

The Satoyama InitiativeEstablishing and promoting universal principles for the sustainable use and management of natural resources

9

Private sector involvement in biodiversity initiatives: Concepts (draft)

Government agencies

EU

Canada

Brazil CBD Germany Business and Biodiversity

By industry

International organizations

Sharing information and experience

Private sector involvement in biodiversityGlobal platform (working title)

Action agenda for private sector involvement in

biodiversity partnerships

Participating enterprises• Federation of Economic

Organizations declaration promotion partners

• Business and Biodiversity Initiative • Newly participating enterprises

Advisory boardEvaluation/verification

of overall activities

Overseas NGOs and economic organizations

Provision of information/collaboration

Consent

Media

Promote mainstreaming of biodiversity-related activities

Global life committeeGlobal life committee project team

International Year of Biodiversity Domestic

Committee Global life partner

Assent to various activities, collaboration, and other cooperative efforts

Global life supporter

Collaboration

Consent

Economic organizations, etc

NGOs, research institutions, student groups, etc.

Private sector involvement in biodiversity partnerships(Japan Business and Biodiversity Partnership)

　　• Declare and provide/share activity information• Award successful case examples• Share information and exchange experience globally 　　　　　　

May 2010: Start promoting Oct: official start at the COP10

Business and Biodiversity

11

Mid- to Long-term Anti-Global Warming Strategy

As proposed by Sakihito Ozawa,

Minister of the Environment, Japan

●Japan will aim to reduce its emissions by 25% by 2020, if compared to the 1990 level. The commitment of Japan to the world is premised on agreement on ambitious targets by all the major economies.

●Deliver on this promise by mobilizing all available policy tools.

12

Statement by Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama at the United Nations Summiton Climate Change (Sep 22, 2009)

Mid- to Long-term Strategy: Key Points

(1) Protecting the environment in Japan and around the world requires that we take

steps to combat global warming. This strategy outlines measures and policies

aimed at achieving a 25% reduction in GHG emissions by 2020 and an 80%

reduction by 2050.

(2) Promoting Eco Financing and choosing a low-carbon lifestyle (eco-friendly

lifestyle) is not about making sacrifices—it is what makes it possible for people to

enjoy rich and comfortable lives. Our goals cannot be achieved without the

individual efforts of every citizen under Challenge 25 campaign.

(3) Taking action to stop global warming must be viewed not as a burden, but as a

new cornerstone of growth. Investing in building a low-carbon society also leads

to job creation, revitalization of local communities, energy security, and a host of

other benefits.

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20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

080

100

200

300

400

500

Industry (e.g. manufactur-

ing)

Transportation (e.g. automobiles, shipping)

Other business activities(e.g. office buildings)

Households

Energy conversion

Japan’s GHG Emissions

CO2 in millions of tons CO2 in millions of tons

15

1990

2005

2007

2008(Preliminary figures)

2020(Macro variation1)

2020(Macro constant2)

2050

Manufacturing Households Business Transportation Non-energy

Energy conversion ±0% for 1990

↓25%

↓80%

1 Assuming macro-frame variation for all sectors and carbon pricing2 Assuming constant macro-frame for the industrial sector3 Percent reduction in GHG emissions vs. 2008 levels

482

456

127

174

164

237

217

257

68

79

202

155

252

374+(↓11%)3

154+ (↑4%)

90+ (↓48%)

133+ (↓43%)

153+(↓35%)

42+ (↓46%)

385+(↓8%)3

158+ (↑7%)

81+(↓53%)

120+ (↓48%)

158+ (↓33%)

41+ (↓47%)

172420 232 236 78 148

180468 242 246 83 152

(May include international contribution and sinks)

Daily Life and regional development

GHG Emission by Sector (2020 and 2050)

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Housing, construction

Automobiles

Energy supply

Regional development

Manufacturing

Trains, ships, aircraft

•Move beyond a society that pursues affluence through massive consumption

•Promote environmentally-based purchase decisions

•Achieve comfortable low-carbon lifestyles by changing life and work habits

•Create comfortable low-carbon cities with a focus on public transportation

•Promote development by linking zero-carbon rural areas with urban centers

Mid- to Long-term Strategy: Categories and Perspectives

• Become the world’s leading low-carbon nation with the use of cutting-edge technology throughout manufacturing, usage, and disposal. Use high-added value manufacturing methods.

Daily life

Regional development

Manufacturing

Overall foundations

•Contribute to a reduction in global emissions by popularizing low-carbon products, technologies, and systems

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Daily Life (1): Zero Emissions Housing and Construction

TARGET: Raise energy efficiency standards for new construction to 100% by 2020•Establish comprehensive zero emission criteria for building frames, energy-consuming devices (e.g. home electronics), and energy-generating devices (e.g. photovoltaic devices)

•Make the criteria for energy efficiency and zero emission mandatory•Provide tax incentives to encourage new construction and renovation•Make labeling system and environmental performance indicators mandatory•Support zero emission campaign with home/GHG emission inspectors•Promote visualization of housing performance and establish an incentive program for different levels of reduction

Super-insulated house

High-efficiency lights

High-efficiency home electronicsHigh-efficiency

water heater

Energy-saving navigation

Photovoltaic panel

BEMS

Energy-efficient building

Photovoltaic panel

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Daily Life (2): Zero Emissions Automobiles

TARGET: Sell 2.5 million next-generation vehicles by 2020 　

• Base tax rate on CO2 emissions and other environmental factors

• Gradually tighten fuel efficiency standards

• Approve cars allowing 10% ethanol-blended fuel (E10)

• Encourage purchase of hybrid/electric cars

• Develop advanced/next-generation batteries

• Encourage environmentally-conscious driving and ridesharing

E3

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Daily Life (3): Energy-efficient Trains, Ships, and Aircraft

• Develop more energy-efficient trains Introduce energy-efficient vehicles equipped with the latest technology, such

as Variable Voltage Variable Frequency control and regenerative braking systems

• Develop more energy-efficient ships Introduce new technologies for reducing friction, propulsion, and weight

reduction

• Develop more energy-efficient aircraft　 Introduce highly fuel-efficient aircrafts and efficient operation systems using

Ground Power Units (GPU)

20

Regional Development (1): Promote “On-foot” Communities

TARGET: Reduce per-person vehicle travel by 10% by 2020• Have all municipal governments form a low-carbon regional development action

plan• Concentrate residences, workplaces, and businesses facilitates around train

stations or within walking distance• Expand Light Rail Transit/Bus Rapid Transit (LRT/BRT) and accelerate

construction of planned routes• Secure and maintain areas for pedestrians and bicycles• Create programs to encourage the use of public transportation• Maximize use of unused urban heat by eliminating release• Construct low-carbon urban areas using local natural resources• Encourage reduction in carbon emissions from local cargo/passenger transport

SHIFT

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Regional Development (2): Promote zero-carbon rural areas

• Formulate and achieve zero carbon area plans for the entire target area

• Promote the use of wooden materials in buildings, biomass resources, and sinks (e.g. forest and agricultural lands)

• Popularize local energy business models nationwide

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Manufacturing: Spread Low-carbon Manufacturing around the World

TARGET: Reduce energy consumption by 30–40% (2050)• Establish a market that rewards businesses for reducing emissions• Establish Mandatory Greenhouse Gas Accounting and Reporting

System• Use a GHS emission evaluator system to support the efforts of small and

medium-sized enterprises• Support the development of innovative technologies• Develop low-carbon manufacturing leaders• Work to completely abolish the use of chlorofluorocarbons (e.g.

discharge regulations for three CFC alternatives)

23

Additional Investment to Implement Anti-Global Warming Measures• Investment to achieve a 25% reduction in emissions over the decade between 2011 and 2020 is up to about

100 trillion yen (up to 10 trillion yen on average per year)

• Return on this investment will be 50% by 2020, and 100% by 2030 in terms of total energy costs saved by

introduced technologies

23

Investment in anti-global warming measures vs. energy reduction costs

2010

2015

2020

2025

2030

Invest in energy-saving technologies by 2020

Reduction using energy-efficient technology

Energy reduction costs from investment in energy efficiency: approx. 51 trillion yen (↓25%)

For appliances with a 10-year lifespan

Energy reduction costs from making investment from energy efficiency: approx. 53 trillion yen (↓25%)

(Trillions of yen)

100

-51

-53-100

-50

0

50

100

Energy reduction cost

Energy reduction cost

Additional investments

-

(1999 through 2009, cumulative)

(1999 through 2009, cumulative)

(2010 through 2018, cumulative)

[Industry constant macro frame]

Additional investment to implement anti-global warming measures (figures in trillions of yen) 2011-2020

*The "Additional investment "here means expenses paid additionally for anti-global warming measures and energy-efficient development. For example, the price difference between a next-generation vehicle and

conventional vehicle. Does not include costs paid for energy reduction efforts.

Difference with constant case

up to-25%

Industrial sector Industries using mass energy up to 2.1

(manufacturing) Cross-industry technology (e.g. industrial furnaces and boilers) up to 0.7

　 　 up to 2.9

Household sector Super-insulated house up to 20.7

(Daily Life ) High-efficiency/solar water heaters up to 11.8

　 High-efficiency home electrics/energy-saving navigation up to 6.3

　 　 up to 38.8

Business sector Energy-saving building1 up to 6.1

(Daily Life ) High-efficiency/solar water heaters up to 1.5

　 Electric appliances designed for high-efficiency application up to 3.6

　 　 up to 11.1

Transportation sector Next-generation vehicles up to 5.1

(Daily Life ) Better fuel efficiency up to 3.2

　 　 up to 8.3

Energy conversion sector Photovoltaic power generation up to 22.6

　 Wind power generation up to 2.5

　 Micro hydropower/geothermal power generation up to 5.3

　 Biomass power generation up to 1

　 Measures for power systems up to 5.6

　 CCS up to 0.1

　 　 up to 36.9

Non-energy sector Agriculture up to 0.1

　 Waste up to 0.3

　 Three CFC alternatives up to 1.4

　 　 up to 1.8

Total 　 up to 99.8

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Domestic Emissions Trading System using a Cap-and-Trade Programs

Helps ensure steady total emission reduction for large-scale emission sources, such as the industrial sector.

Global warming taxHelps grant economic incentives for a broad portion of economic society (including small-scale emission sources such as households) to build a low-carbon society while securing financial resources.

Emission control policyRegulates measures that businesses should take to control GHG emissions from business activities and help control emissions derived from daily life.

Visualization of GHG emissionsIncludes the Mandatory GHG Accounting and Reporting System, efforts to encourage information disclosure by businesses, and specifying GHG amounts emitted because of use of products and services.

Other Cross-cutting MeasuresImplementation of fundamental cross-cutting measures in addition to

individual measures, including those in daily life, manufacturing, and regional development

The Bill of the Basic Act on Global Warming Countermeasures shows the overall ideas behind the measures and basic approach

25

The market size of Japan’s environmental industry as a whole was about 75 　　trillion yen in FY08. The industry has shown constant growth in its initial size of 51 trillion yen in FY04.

The new growth strategy outlines a 2020 target of 50 trillion yen in market growth beyond the current level, for a market size of approximately 120 trillion yen.

Growth of the Environmental Industry

市場規模のグラフ ( 短観より )我が国の環境産業全体の概況

Market sizeTarget value

26

Environmental Finance to Support Growth

Promoting Environmental Businesses

All available policy tools must be mobilized to bring about a low-carbon society

Financing is the lifeblood of business activities

　

Every business activity and environmental measure needs financing

Actively work to achieve a low-carbon society by financing

Accelerate measures

Approach (1)Smooth financing for businesses and

individuals for environmental conservation

Approach (2)Evaluate and consider efforts to conserve the

environment by recipients of loans and investment (e.g. socially responsible investing) when making investment/loan decisions

Promoting Environmental Financing

Examples of measures that award environmentally-friendly businesses:•Visualize activities to reduce environmental burden implemented by management•Build a market that allows businesses to profitably sell environmentally-friendly products and services

•Build a market that allows consumers to choose environmentally-friendly products or services•Create a business environment that financially supports businesses that direct their efforts towards reducing GHG emissions and promoting recycling-oriented management

•Encourage businesses to disclose environmental information in environmental reports•Establish a HRD system to assess environmental information provided•Establish a system that allows investors obtain and process environmental information easily and use it to make investment decisions

Environmentally-friendly businesses Increased corporate value Capital flow Sustainable development　

28

But ・・・

Emissions must be drastically reduced, especially in the household, service, and transportation sectors, to achieve a 25% reduction by 2020

Additional investment is needed in these sectors: approx. 58 trillion yenVast amount of initial investment is an obstacle, particularly for households and small and medium-sized enterprises

use leasing as a solution

Facilitate global warming measures, increased environmental investment, growth of environmental industries, and effective use of financial assets in households with 1,400 trillion yen

28

Further consideration of measures to facilitate environmental financing1. New scheme for environmental finance: low-carbon lease and other measures for households

and small and medium-sized enterprises 2. Project to facilitate introduction of facilities with anti-global warming measures to encourage

businesses to actively make use of environmental financing3. Infrastructure development to facilitate environmental financing (a “Principles of action for

environmental financing” for Japan (working title)4. Securing significance of business’s environmental information

385+(↓8%)

420

81+(↓53%

)

172

120 +(↓48%

)

232

158+(↓33%

)

236

41+(↓47%

)

78

158+(↓7%)

1482008(Preliminary figures)

2020 ↓25%

Manufacturing Households Service Transportation Energy conversion

Non-energy

Mid- to Long-term Anti-Global Warming Strategy (Proposed by Sakihito Ozawa, Minister of the Environment, Japan)

Background

Promoting Environmental Financing

Commercial sector/

transportation sector

Gov

ernm

ent

Leading medium-

sized enterprise

・ small and medium-

sized enterprises

Households

(1) Low-carbon lease and other measures for households and small and medium-sized enterprises

Establish a new system that allows the use of devices in a package to reduce CO2 emissions without burdening small and medium-sized enterprises with high initial

investment with leasing and other financial tools

SPC or leasing to companies who continue processing 　

• 　 Effects: (1) No burden of initial investment (2) Reduces leasing expenses 　・ Costs reduced with large-scale rollout　・ Share profit obtained by purchasing

　 ・ Functions(1) Provide environmental lease(2) Monitor/assess environmental efforts

＋

EC

O le

ase

Subsidies given for photovoltaic panels, fuel cells, tax reduction for those that purchase eco-friendly vehicles, Eco-Point provided to people who purchase designated home electronics and houses

Energy-efficient devices

e.g. household fuel cells and heat pump water heaters

Eco-care.g. electric car

New energy devices

e.g. photovoltaic panels

Financial marketOther financial institutions , etc.,

Japan postal savings, postal insurance, pension benefits, etc

Financial marketOther financial institutions , etc.,

Japan postal savings, postal insurance, pension benefits, etc

Financing

Loan and investment

　(Arrange)

　

Financial institutions

Environmental rating

Support for

funding 　・ Environment loan and investment program 　・ Replenish interests, etc

Cooperation

Use of fixed-purpose credits for environment)

29

New Environmental Financing Scheme Proposal

(2) 　 Project to facilitate introduction of facilities with anti-global warming measures to encourage businesses to actively make use of environmental

financing

Providing government grants for paying a fixed rate of 3% (up to 0%) interest for three years (extension) to enterprises that commit to aggressive reduction targets (e.g. 6% reduction in CO2 emission over three years) for their business investment intended to combat global warming. The loan should be provided by financial institutions that provide environmental rating loans.

30

FY09: first supplementary budget (4.5 billion yen) and secondary supplementary budget (1.5 billion yen)

On April 1, the government decided to offer a 4.5 billion yen budget to 43 enterprises. This facilitates loan (=investment) is equivalent to 116.4 billion yen (25 times larger than the budget). Note: this is equivalent to 7% of all investment in environment conservation facilities

For the secondary supplementary budget of 1.5 billion yen, loan requests were equivalent to 7.0 billion yen as a government grant for paying a fixed interest rate (Total loans requested: 196.4 billion yen)

　　High-efficiency boiler(from IHI’s website )

High-performance heat pump air conditioners(from Sanyo Electric’s website)

Total conversion to LED lights(from Toshiba Lighting & Technology’s website)

New Environmental Finance Scheme Proposal

Promoting Disseminating　 Information from BusinessesEnvironmental Communication AwardsStarting with the Environmental Communication Award introduced in 1997, MOE has been honoring outstanding enterprises with the aim of encouraging businesses to voluntarily disclose environmental information, followed by other prizes such as the Environmental Activity Report Grand Prize, and Environmental Television Advertisement Grand Prize.

Environmental Communication Awards 2009 (Total number of applications: 419)

　Environmental Report Grand Prize Toshiba CorporationEnvironmental Activity Report Grand Prize Daishoji High School, IshikawaEnvironmental Television Advertisement 　 Prize. Toshiba Corporation

平成 9年度

平成10年

度

平成11年

度

平成12年

度

平成13年

度

平成14年

度

平成15年

度

平成16年

度

平成17年

度

平成18年

度

平成19年

度

平成20年

度

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

0

10

20

30

40

50

169 197 270 430

579 650 743 804 933 1,049 1,011 1,160

6.5 7.4 9.8

16.0 20.0 21.9

26.6

31.7 34.7

37.8 35.9 38.3

Number of enter-prises publishing

environmental reports

Percentage of en-terprises publishing environmental re-

ports

Number of enterprises that published environmental reports

Out of all listed companies with 100 billion yen or more in sales (476 in total),

374 companies (78.6%)have published an environmental reports

*Based on the 2008 MOE 　 “ Survey on Environmentally-Friendly Businesses Behavior.” Figures are based on 3,028 respondent companies.

FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08

32

On January 14, 2010, the Japanese government decided to kick off the Challenge 25 Campaign, a campaign to prevent global warming, in order to protect Japan’s environment and the global environment, and to hand these down to the children of the future.

The “Challenge 25 Campaign” proposes 6 practical challenges that each and every one of us can do to cut CO2 at home, at work and in the community. The campaign urges the general public to take up these challenges.

Finally―Promoting the Challenge 25 Campaign

To choose an environment-friendly lifestyle

To choose energy-saving products

To choose natural energies

To choose environment-friendly buildings and

houses

To support activities and products that lead to the

reduction of CO2 emissions

To participate in community activities to prevent global

warming

“Challenge 25 Campaign” includes

6 Challenges

33

Thank you