kerala

Identification of Tourism Circuits across

India

Interim Report

Kerala

March– 2012

Submitted to:

Ministry of Tourism, Government of India

1, Parliament Street,

Transport Bhawan,

New Delhi - 110001

Submitted by:

2nd Floor, Ambience Corporate Tower,

Ambience Mall, NH-8,

Gurgaon, Haryana – 122 001

Table of Contents

1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Assignment Brief .................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Objectives of the Study ........................................................................................................... 1

1.3 Approach and Methodology.................................................................................................... 1

1.4 Key findings ............................................................................................................................ 3

1.5 Structure of the Report ............................................................................................................ 5

2. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 7

2.1 Tourism in the State ................................................................................................................ 9

2.2 Infrastructure ......................................................................................................................... 15

3. Initial screening of the Tourism Circuits ...................................................................................... 20

3.1 Based on Secondary Research .............................................................................................. 20

3.2 Key Parameters ..................................................................................................................... 20

4. Stakeholder Consultation .............................................................................................................. 22

4.1 State Government .................................................................................................................. 22

4.2 Ranked List of Tourism Circuits ........................................................................................... 22

4.3 Carrying Capacity Analysis .................................................................................................. 24

4.4 Town wise Carrying Capacity Analysis of the Priority Circuit ............................................ 29

5. Existing Infrastructure Status ........................................................................................................ 30

5.1 Template to Evaluate Infrastructure status/availability between Tourist Destinations ......... 30

5.2 Introduction to the Circuit 1 .................................................................................................. 31

5.3 Infrastructure Status .............................................................................................................. 35

5.4 Land under the DoT .............................................................................................................. 49

5.5 SWOT Analysis .................................................................................................................... 50

6. Project Identification, Block Cost Estimate, Implementation & Funding .................................... 54

6.1 Breakup of the Projects ......................................................................................................... 64

6.2 Employment Generation ....................................................................................................... 67

Annexure 1: Destination Tourism Clusters in Kerala ........................................................................... 68

Annexure – II: Tourist Infrastructure Assessment ................................................................................ 69

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List of Tables

Table 1: Snapshot of Kerala .................................................................................................................... 8

Table 2: Domestic and International Tourists/visitors to Kerala .......................................................... 10

Table 3: District Tourist Inflow for 2010 (January-December) ............................................................ 12

Table 4: Destination wise Tourist Inflow for 2010 (January-December) ............................................. 12

Table 5: Earnings from tourism in Rs. Crore ........................................................................................ 14

Table 6: Infrastructure scenario in Kerala ............................................................................................. 15

Table 7: Road Network in the State ...................................................................................................... 16

Table 8: Availability of Accommodation Facilities in Classified Hotels (2009) .................................. 18

Table 9: District-wise Distribution of Information Offices .................................................................. 18

Table 10: Major Tourism Sites in the Circuit 1 .................................................................................... 23

Table 11: UDPFI Density Limits .......................................................................................................... 26

Table 12: Physical and Ecological Indicators ....................................................................................... 27

Table 13: Social and Demographic Indicators ...................................................................................... 28

Table 14: Political Economic Indicators ............................................................................................... 28

Table 15: Evaluation Criterion of Physical and Ecological Indicators ................................................. 29

Table 16: Town wise Carrying Capacity Analysis ............................................................................... 29

Table 17: Template to Evaluate Infrastructure Status/Availability between Tourist Destinations ....... 30

Table 18: Sub-circuits within Circuit 1 with Primary and Secondary Hubs ......................................... 32

Table 19: Tourist arrivals in Circuit 1 Destinations in 2010 ................................................................. 34

Table 20: Snapshot of Kozhikode City ................................................................................................. 35

Table 21: Overview of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Malappuram Sub-Circuit ....................... 37

Table 22: Relative importance of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Wayanad Sub-Circuit ............ 41

Table 23: Relative importance of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Kannur-Thalassery Sub-Circuit

.............................................................................................................................................................. 44

Table 24: Relative importance of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Kasargode Sub-Circuit .......... 47

Table 25: Land acquired by BRDC....................................................................................................... 49

Table 26: Land allotted for resorts by BRDC and current status .......................................................... 50

Table 27: Project Identification, Block Cost Estimate, Implementation and Funding ......................... 54

Table 28: PPP Bifurcation of the Identified Projects ............................................................................ 65

Table 29: Estimated Employment Generation in the Circuit ................................................................ 67

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List of Figures

Figure 1: Study Methodology ................................................................................................................. 2

Figure 2: Kerala District Map ................................................................................................................. 7

Figure 3: Growth rates for Kerala GSDP & per capita income in INR over 2000-01 to 2009-10 .......... 8

Figure 4: Comparison of overall growth rates for India & Kerala ........................................................ 10

Figure 5: Comparison of Growth Rates for Domestic Tourism – India & Kerala ............................... 10

Figure 6: Domestic tourist percentage for India and Kerala ................................................................ 11

Figure 7: Seasonality of International and Domestic Tourists in Kerala .............................................. 11

Figure 8: Top Ten Sources for Domestic and International Tourists in 2009....................................... 13

Figure 9: Road map of Kerala ............................................................................................................... 16

Figure 10: Railway network of Kerala .................................................................................................. 17

Figure 11: Methodology for Carrying Capacity Analysis..................................................................... 25

Figure 12: Circuit 1 coverage in terms of districts ............................................................................... 32

Figure 13: Primary and secondary hubs considered for the Priority Circuit in Kerala ......................... 33

Figure 14: Contribution of Circuit 1 to Kerala tourism figures in 2010 ............................................... 34

Figure 15: Site photographs showing Existing Condition of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-

Malappuram Sub-Circuit ...................................................................................................................... 39

Figure 16: Map of Destinations identified in Kozhikode- Malappuram Sub-Circuit ........................... 40

Figure 17: Destinations identified in Kozhikode-Wayanad Sub-Circuit .............................................. 42


Wayanad Sub-Circuit ............................................................................................................................ 43


Kannur-Thalassery Sub-Circuit ........................................................................................................... 45

Figure 20: Destinations Identified in Kozhikode- Kannur-Thalassery Sub-Circuit ............................. 46

Figure 21: Destinations Identified in Kozhikode- Kasargode Sub-Circuit ........................................... 48

Figure 22: Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Kasargode Sub-Circuit .............................................. 48

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1. Introduction

1.1 Assignment Brief

IL&FS Infrastructure Development Corporation Ltd (IL&FS IDC) has been appointed as the National

Level Consultant by Ministry of Tourism, for identification of tourism circuits / destinations in the

states and union territories (excluding states in the North East) for implementation in the 12th five year

plan. The identified circuits / destinations are proposed to be developed in an integrated manner with

financial assistance from the central government supported by appropriate involvements of the state

governments and the private sector. This process has been initiated with the selection of existing/new

tourist circuits (4 in each state and 2 in Union Territories). These circuits have been structured

considering the length, duration and connectivity and finalised based on discussions with the tourism

departments of the specific states.

After the identification and prioritisation of these circuits, the next step is to identify the basic and

tourism related infrastructural and promotional needs of the identified circuits, which are to be

implemented on priority basis, along with the tentative cost estimates. These projects should be

related to development of basic as well as tourism related infrastructure. Thereafter, Detailed Project

Reports (DPRs) will be prepared by the State Level Consultant for the projects identified along with

their financial projections.

1.2 Objectives of the Study

The objectives of the current study include:

1) To identify the potential tourist circuits/destinations in the state of Kerala

2) To analyse the potential and carrying capacity of the identified tourist circuits/destinations and

prioritise the same.

3) Assess the existing infrastructure – basic and tourism related - for the circuits/destinations.

4) To assess the interventions for improving the quantity and quality of basic and tourism

infrastructure for prioritized circuits/destinations.

5) Identify infrastructural projects to be initiated by central/state/private sector

1.3 Approach and Methodology

Figure 1 represents a flow diagram of the approach and methodology used for the present study.

Based on primary and secondary sources, literature search and discussions with key stake holders

(State Govt and local tour & travel industry), the existing tourists‟ flow and orientation were studied.

The existing and future potential and connectivity of the destinations were studied for an initial

screening of the tourist circuits / destinations.

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Initial Screening of Tourist Circuits

Short listing of the Circuits

Carrying Capacity Assessment

Identified Circuits along with Priority Circuit

Detailed Infrastructure Gap Assessment

Identification of Prospective Projects with Block Cost Estimates

Final Report

Discussion with Department of Tourism, representatives of Travel & Tourism Industry and other stakeholders

Based on Stakeholder Consultations Reconnaissance survey

Secondary Research Potential Popularity Connectivity

Parameters Transport, Roads condition, Access to modes of transportation, Utilities, Accommodation, Way side amenities, Management of tourist attractions

Figure 1: Study Methodology

After the initial screening, the circuits identified were discussed with the State Government

(Department of Tourism), representatives of Travel & Tourism Industry and other stakeholders. On

the basis of these consultations, tourism circuits have been shortlisted. In order to understand existing

capacity of the shortlisted circuits as well as destinations, a detailed carrying capacity assessment has

been done. This assessment is, primarily, based on the residential and tourist population densities of

the town/cities.

Based on the above exercise, four circuits have been identified and prioritised. The circuits have been

prioritized after consultations with the stakeholders and based on the popularity, tourists‟ flow pattern

and perceived need for improvements/investments to basic and tourism infrastructure. In this report,

the circuit identified as the priority circuit by the state government in terms of potential and

requirement for infrastructure development has been selected for further study.

The assessment has been carried out to understand the significance of the identified sites from a

tourist perspective and to map the availability of tourism infrastructure. The typical infrastructure

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required includes facilities at entry-exit points, accommodation, way-side amenities, physical & social

infrastructure, public utilities as well as health & security. This assessment is based on reconnaissance

survey done along the route, wayside and on site of the priority circuit. The focus of the assessment

has been on the following areas:

1) Modes of Transport- airways, roadways and railways and access thereto

2) Road network

3) Utilities-power, water facility, etc

4) Accommodation

5) Way side amenities

6) Maintenance and management of built heritage/tourist attractions

On the basis of the above assessment and discussions with stakeholders, an exercise has been carried

out to identify tourism infrastructure gaps. Based on these gaps as well as the site potential,

sustainable projects have been proposed along with indicative block costs. The proposed projects are

intended to achieve the following objectives:

1) Products and activities proposed which will enhance the tourist inflow and will increase the

duration of stay of tourists in the circuit as well as providing socio-economic benefits at a larger

level.

2) Sustainable projects, which will attract different investors and private players to participate in

tourism infrastructure development.

1.4 Key findings

For the state of Kerala, the following three circuits have been identified for integrated development

based on discussions with the Department of Tourism, Kerala as summarised below:

1. Circuit 1: North Regional Circuit consisting of Kozhikode-Malappuram-Nilambur-Wayanad-

Kannur-Bekal

2. Circuit 2: Southern Regional Circuit consisting of Thiruvananthapuram-Thenmala- Varkala-

Kollam- Pathanamthitta- Alappuzha

3. Circuit 3: Central Regional Circuit consisting of Kochi-Kumarakom-Kottayam-Vagamon-

Thekkady- Munnar-Kalady-Athirapalli-Thrissur-Guruvayoor-Palakkad

Based the carrying capacity assessment, tourism potential, need for infrastructure development and

discussions with the Department of Tourism, Kerala, the Circuit 1 has been proposed as the Priority

Circuit for the state of Kerala. Given the diversity of attractions and the spread of the Circuit 1 across

5 districts, Kozhikode has been selected as the primary hub for the circuit, while Kannur, Kalpetta and

Kasargode / Bekal have been selected as the support hubs. The key findings of the study conducted

are listed below in the form of the SWOT analysis carried out for the Priority Circuit (Circuit 1).

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1.4.1 Strengths

Kozhikode, the primary hub, enjoys good connectivity with both Domestic and International

destinations through air, rail and road. In addition most of the destinations enjoy good

connectivity with Kozhikode and the support hubs such as Kannur, Kalpetta & Kasargod / Bekal.

Wide diversity of tourism assets such as beaches, hill stations & scenic spots, wildlife & bird

sanctuaries, backwaters, historical monuments, religious & cultural destinations etc with scope for

development of specialised sub-circuits based on specific tourism assets :

relatively well developed private tourism sector and availability of accommodation facilities

around the major hub and support hubs

Established network of DTPCs created by the DoT in the main district headquarters for

coordination of tourism development and providing tourist information

Strategic tourism development initiatives in destinations such as Bekal for creating new tourism

infrastructure assets.

1.4.2 Weaknesses

Lack of awareness regarding tourism destinations in north Kerala among International Tourists.

Distance of destinations in North Kerala from current tourism hubs around Kochi and Trivandrum

Need for better coordination of tourism development between the DoT and government owner

owning the tourism sites.

Need for improving the tourism amenities and basic infrastructure in beach destinations in the

circuit. There is heavy traffic seen on the roads connecting the tourism destinations which leads to

increase in travel time and congestion. In addition, the approach roads to destinations are most 1-

1.5 lane and also need more maintenance works.

Lack of accommodation facilities near the tourism destinations away from the main urban areas &

need for provision of good public convenience facilities both on route to the destinations and

within the tourism destinations

1.4.3 Opportunities

Potential for development of the relatively less congested and cleaner beaches in the circuit

Potential for development of destinations along the coastline of Kozhikode and Malappuram

district extending from Ponnani to Kozhikode. This stretch has a combination of religious,

historical and beach destinations along the NH-66 / the Tirur-Kadalundi road.

Promotion of home stays and accommodation facilities for Domestic Tourists visiting the

temples along the above stretch. This would help attract Domestic Tourists interested in

religious tourism, from outside the current catchment area inside Kerala.

Potential for development of the stretch of the Canoli canal between Kadalundi and Veliyamgode

& the stretch between the Korapuzha and Kallai rivers which runs through Kozhikode as a

waterway for tourists

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Promotion of the destinations such as Kadalundi and Vallikunnu comprising mangrove forests

and bird sanctuaries.

Develop infrastructure in under-developed scenic destinations & dam sites such as Kakkayam,

Kattumala and Karappuzha.

Promotion of unique cultural art forms such as Theyyam which are of interest to International

Tourists and institutions such as Thunchan Parambu & Arakkal Palace.

Promoting and enhancing the existing backwater cruises operating on the Valiyaparamba

backwaters by enhancing infrastructure at the current boat jetty facilities operated by BRDC

Promote the development of city tours in major destinations such as Kozhikode, Kannur, etc.

Development of adventure & trekking activities in identified areas near the hill stations, forest

areas etc based on coordination between the DoT and land owning government.

1.4.4 Threats

Tourism inflow to Kerala is concentrated in central and south Kerala. In the absence of a strategic

thrust to both marketing and infrastructure development, this situation would be expected to

continue.

Availability of adequate tourism manpower is a critical concern expressed by private players

operating away from main urban areas

Need to manage the increase in tourists visiting the beaches around the urban areas such as

Kozhikode and Kannur to prevent environmental degradation & waste management issue.

Need to manage expected growth in backwater tourism in the Valiyaparamba backwaters and

prevent environmental degradation as reported in the Vembanad backwater region

Based on the above analysis, lists of proposed projects have been identified for the Priority Circuit

(Circuit 1) along with an indicative range of block costs and possible sources of funding. The list of

projects is detailed in chapter 6 of the report.

1.5 Structure of the Report

This interim report, which covers the priority circuit identified for Kerala, has been divided into 6

sections. The next section of the report focuses on the profile of the State, especially in terms of

infrastructure, tourism trends and key spots/sites. This is followed by sections explaining key

parameters for finalizing a circuit (Tourist profile/Carrying capacity/Safety/Sustainability), outcome

of stakeholder discussions at centre and state, current status of circuits (based on site study

undertaken) and infrastructure gaps identified during the site visit. On the basis of this, assessment of

the level of adequacy of infrastructure will be done with respect to the existing infrastructure,

increasing tourist inflow, destination popularity, types of tourists and seasonality. This approach will

be able to assess and filling up the gaps (based on selective parameters) which categorizes the

facilities available en route, way side and onsite. The study of the respective circuits is, primarily,

based on visitors‟ approach towards destinations from the entry-exit points. The latter sections of the

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study report provides information on prospective projects in the circuits that can be taken up for

infrastructural up-gradation. These projects have been proposed on the basis of identified deficiencies

and perceived need to accommodate the tourist inflow into the circuits/destinations.

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2. Introduction

The state of Kerala was established in the year 1956, under the States Reorganization Act by merging

the Malayalam speaking regions under the princely kingdoms of Travancore and Cochin with the

Malabar district and Kasargode, South Kanara. Kerala is one of the four major southern states of India

and shares boundaries with Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.

Figure 2: Kerala District Map (Source: www.mapsofindia.com)

The total population of Kerala is 3,33,87,677 persons which included 48 percent males and 52 percent

females and contains about 3 per cent of the country's population. The population density of the state

is about 859 people per square kilometers, three times the national average. The state is also one of

the densest States in the country and it recorded a decadal population growth of +4.86 percent. Kerala,

with a sex-ratio (females per 1000 males) of 1084, is the only state in India with a positive figure1.

1 /censusindia.gov.in/2011census/censusinfodashboard/stock/profiles/en/IND032_Kerala.pdf

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Figure 3: Growth rates for Kerala GSDP & per capita income in INR over 2000-01 to 2009-10

Figure 3 shows that the state enjoys some of the highest growth rates in terms of state GSDP and per

capita income. One of the key characteristics of the state economy is remittances from NRIs which is

equivalent to 20 percent of the state GDP. A snapshot of Kerala summarising some of the important

economic and demographic features of the state is provided in the Table 1.

Table 1: Snapshot of Kerala Category Value

Capital Trivandrum (Thiruvananthapuram)

Area in square kilometre 38,863

Number of revenue divisions Number of districts- 14

Number of Talukas- 63

Number of towns- 520

Major cities Trivandrum (Thiruvananthapuram), Kochi (Cochin),

Kozhikode (Calicut)

Population in million 31.8 (2001 census)

33.4 (2011 census provisional estimate)

Percentage of urban population of total (%) 47.7% (2011 census provisional estimate)

Literacy Rate (%) 93.9

GDP growth rate 9.7%

Airports Trivandrum. Kochi, Kozhikode

Gross Domestic Product Rs. 1,81,289 crore in 2009-10

Net per capita income (current prices) Rs.52,984

Contribution to economy by sector primary sector- 16%

secondary sector- 23%

tertiary sector- 61%

Major economic sectors IT/ITES

Tourism

Commodity and cash crops

Marine products

handlooms and textiles

Source: Economic Survey- 2010-11, Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Kerala

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2.1 Tourism in the State

The state of Kerala is one of the most popular tourism destinations in India. The state, promoted as

“God‟s own country”, has various tourism assets such as beaches, hill stations, backwaters, national

parks and wildlife sanctuaries. However, the key to tourism success has been its sustained marketing

efforts and creation of new tourism products. As a result, Kerala has become a model for planned

tourism development to other Indian states. For example National Geographic Traveller selected

Kerala as one of the „50 must see destinations of a lifetime‟. The success of tourism marketing in

Kerala can be attributed to a combination of factors:

Clear identification and positioning of the tourism product & differentiating from other Indian

states

developing a basket of tourism activities

Close coordination between the state agencies and private sector for tourism marketing

aggressive promotion & brand building to the target audience

development of best practices and models for tourism development

Introducing regulation and quality certification for tourism products

2.1.1 Major Tourism Destinations

Beaches- Kovalam, Varkala, Marari, Bekal, Kannur

Backwaters- Kumarakom, Alappuzha, Kollam, Kochi, Kozhikode

Hill stations- Munnar, Wayanad, Vagamon, Ponmudi

Wildlife reserves – Periyar, Eravikulam, Thattekad, Parambikulam

One of the key contributors to Kerala‟s success has been in the development of tourism products

instead of merely destinations. For example Kerala is closely associated with three major products

namely, Ayurveda, Backwater cruises and beach holidays. These have been supported by

development of subsidiary tourism products such as eco-tourism, adventure and wildlife tourism.

2.1.2 Trends in Tourist Arrivals

Kerala attracted around 92,54,340 tourists with around 85,95,075 Domestic Tourists & 6,59,265

International Tourists in 2010. The tourism figures for the last 5 years along with the associated

growth rates are provided in the Table 2.

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Table 2: Domestic and International Tourists/visitors to Kerala Category

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Domestic 5,946,423 6,271,724 6,642,941 7,591,250 7,913,537 8,595,075

Growth rate 5% 6% 14% 4% 9%

CAGR 7.6% over the 5 year period 2005-10

International 346,499 428,534 515,808 598,929 557,258 659,265

Growth rate 24% 20% 16% -7% 18%

CAGR 13.7% over the 5 year period 2005-10

Total 6,292,922 6,700,258 7,158,749 8,190,179 8,470,795 9,254,340

Growth rate 6% 7% 14% 3% 9%

CAGR 8% over the 5 year period 2005-10

Source: Website of Department of Tourism, Kerala

Figure 4: Comparison of overall growth rates for India & Kerala

Figure 5: Comparison of Growth Rates for Domestic Tourism – India & Kerala

One of the important highlights for the tourism flow into Kerala is the relatively higher contribution

of International Tourists. Domestic Tourists consist of around 93 percent of total tourism inflows in

comparison to all India figures of around 99 percent as shown in Figure 6. It can be seen that the

contribution of Domestic Tourists to the overall numbers in Kerala has come down by around 1.6

percentage points. It can also be observed that the growth rates for tourist inflow for Kerala have

18%

14%

7%

18%

11%

6% 7%

14%

3%

9%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

20%

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

India

Kerala

18%

14%

7%

19%

11%

5% 6%

14%

4%

9%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

20%

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

India

Kerala

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99.0% 99.0% 99.0% 99.1% 99.2% 99.2%

94.5%

93.6%

92.8% 92.7%93.4%

92.9%

88.0%

90.0%

92.0%

94.0%

96.0%

98.0%

100.0%

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

India

Kerala

lagged the overall national growth rates for the past 5 years.

Figure 6: Domestic tourist percentage for India and Kerala

A comparison of the growth rates for International Tourists is provided in the Figure 7Error!

eference source not found.. In this case, the trends for Kerala are reversed, in respect to the Domestic

visitors, with Kerala generally leading in terms of visitor growth rates except for 2009 when

International visitor growth rates suffered due to the global financial crisis.

2.1.3 Seasonality

The maximum inflow of tourists for both Domestic & International categories is seen in the months of

December and January. The seasonal trends are more pronounced with respect to International

visitors. This is due to the fact that the highest inflows coincide with the traditional tourism season

from October to March. It can be observed from the Figure 7; around 68 percent of the International

tourist arrivals (annually) are concentrated in the period October to March. However, the seasonal

skew in terms of Domestic tourism is much less with around 54 percent of the annual tourist arrivals

concentrated in the period October to March (considering 2009-10 figures).

Figure 7: Seasonality of International and Domestic Tourists in Kerala

2.1.4 Distribution

It can be observed from Table 3 that the Ernakulum district accounts for the largest inflow of tourists

for both Domestic and International categories.

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Table 3: District Tourist Inflow for 2010 (January-December) S. No District International Tourists Domestic Tourists

1. Alappuzha 41,977 183,416

2. Ernakulum 277,675 1,987,743

3. Idukki 48,295 464,123

4. Kannur 5,886 455,822

5. Kasargode 1,679 160,539

6. Kollam 8,211 196,773

7. Kottayam 32,561 301,599

8. Kozhikkode 9,017 612,316

9. Malappuram 16,915 347,311

10. Palakkad 1,270 359,961

11. Pathanamthitta 829 82,470

12. Trivandrum 204,049 1,160,640

13. Thrissur 4,326 1,874,211

14. Wayanad 6,575 408,151

15. TOTAL 6,59,265 85,95,075

Source: Department of Tourism, Kerala

The tourist inflow to Kerala is highly concentrated for both Domestic and International visitors. For

Domestic visitors, around 58 percent of tourists are accounted by three districts namely Ernakulum,

Thrissur and Trivandrum. For International visitors, two districts namely Ernakulum and Trivandrum

account for around 73 percent of the total inflows. This is further reinforced by the destination wise

tourist inflows provided in the Table 4.

Table 4: Destination wise Tourist Inflow for 2010 (January-December) S. No Destination International Tourist Domestic Tourist

1. Thiruvananthapuram 43,032 696,555

2. Kovalam 108,639 262,456

3. Ponmudi 2,438 26,773

4. Poovar 5,094 23,846

5. Varkala 45,545 160,238

6. Kollam 7,632 170,068

7. Palaruvi 475 26,330

8. Aranmula 47 3,981

9. Erumeli 9 5,000

10. Alappuzha 39,531 187,178

11. Kuttanadu 1,724 7,746

12. Kumarakom 26,599 245,063

13. Munnar 19,690 225,748

14. Thekkady 27,537 170,857

15. Wagamon 1,101 18,366

16. Aluva 12,258 193,269

17. Cherai Beach 5,244 20,510

18. Fort Kochi 65,396 129,466

19. Kalady 6,080 61,588

20. Kochi City 116,536 912,700

21. Maradu 37,881 73,568

22. Paravoor 1,529 15,185

23. Athirappalli 484 58,779

24. Chalakkudi 9 2,221

25. Chavakkad 135 56,632

26. Guruvayoor 3,233 1,726,389

27. Malampuzha 365 71,046

28. Nelliyampathy 47 24,385

29. Kodikuthimala 375 9,148

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S. No Destination International Tourist Domestic Tourist

30. Nilambur 8,753 33,956

31. Iringal 555 4,389

32. Kottakkal 7,013 7,404

33. Kakkayam 451 66

34. Kozhikode City 49 492,890

35. Kappad 6,620 3,869

36. Peruvannamoozhi 1,626 2,842

37. Thusharagiri 3,578 1,120

38. Wayanad 504 406,776

39. Meenkunnu-Payyambalam 323 37,960

40. Muzhuppilangad 51,128 222,456

41. Parassinikkadavu 43,032 164,274

42. Bekal 108,639 13,311

43. Not at any destination 2,438 1,618,671

44. Paravoor 5,094 696,555

45. Athirappalli 45,545 262,456

46. TOTAL 6,59,265 85,95,075


2.1.5 Tourist Origin

Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, the states which share boundaries with Kerala, are the two largest sources

of Domestic Tourists accounting for around 16 percent of the total Domestic tourist inflow. The top

ten states by tourist origin accounted for 26 percent of the total Domestic Tourists in 2009, indicating

diversity in origin source.

Figure 8: Top Ten Sources for Domestic and International Tourists in 2009

In the case of International Tourists, the largest source countries are the United Kingdom (UK) and

France. The top ten source countries accounted for 65 percent of the total International Tourists in

2009. The UK is the most significant tourism market for International visitors accounting for 26

percent of the total International Tourists coming to Kerala.

2.1.6 Revenue from Tourism

Tourism is an important contributor to the state‟s GSDP, estimated to be around 8 percent of the total

GSDP. The total estimated earnings from tourism in 2010 was around 17,348 crore as provided in the

Table 5.

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Table 5: Earnings from tourism in Rs. Crore S. No Year Forex earnings Domestic earnings Total earnings generated (direct + indirect)

1 2005 1552.3 4281.4 7,738

2 2006 1988.4 4891.4 9,126

3 2007 2640.9 5978.6 11,433

4 2008 3066.5 6832.1 13,130

5 2009 2853.2 7122.2 13,231

6 2010 3375.4 7736.6 17,348


2.1.7 State Government Agencies Associated with Tourism

a) Department of Tourism, Kerala

The Department of Tourism (DoT), Government of Kerala, is the apex body responsible for the

promotion and development of tourism in Kerala2. The DoT is responsible for:

Tourism strategy & development of overall tourism sector policy

Marketing and promotion of tourism & participation in tourism related events

Identification and development of tourism destinations

Market research and statistics for tourism

Implementation and administration of the above

The DoT is supported in the above activities by the Kerala Tourism Development Corporation

(KTDC), Tourism Resorts Kerala Limited (TRKL) and the District Tourism Promotion Councils

(DTPC).

b) Kerala Tourism Development Corporation (KTDC)

The Kerala Tourism Development Corporation (KTDC) was incorporated in 1965 and carries out

commercial operations related to development of tourist accommodation and package tours. The

properties operated by KTDC can be categorised as:

Classified hotels- 8

budget hotels- 7

motels- 13

Tamarind / Yatri Nivas hotels- 13

Restaurants and beer parlours- 20

restaurants – 4

Boat clubs- 4

c) Tourist Resort Kerala Ltd (TRKL)

Tourist Resort Kerala Ltd (TRKL) was incorporated in 1989 and is the agency meant for joint venture

projects which include four hotel projects at Varkala, Kumarakom, Thekkady and Ernakulam with Taj

Hotels.

2 www.keralatourism.org

Page | 15

d) Bekal Resort Development Corporation (BRDC)

The Bekal Resort Development Corporation (BRDC) was formed in 1995 to develop Bekal and

adjoining areas in Kasargode district as an International beach tourism destination. The BRDC is

responsible for the development of basic infrastructure in the designated area as well as allotting land

to private partners for tourism development.

e) District Tourism Promotion Councils (DTPC)

The District Tourism Promotion Councils (DTPC) undertakes the responsibility of conceptualising,

developing and marketing tourism products at the local level. There are 14 DTPCs responsible for

promoting tourism in each of the districts. The DTPC also monitor tourism quality standards and

collect tourism related data.

2.2 Infrastructure

Table 6Error! Reference source not found. provides a summary of the infrastructure scenario across

he state in terms of transportation & connectivity, power etc.

Table 6: Infrastructure scenario in Kerala

Sector Status Key initiatives

Roads Category 2009-10 Implementation of the Kerala State Transport

Project comprising highway up-gradation in two

phases of 254 km (phase I) and 326 km (phase II)

construction of 48 out of 65 rail over-bridges

approved by the railways for Kerala

development of 290 km of roads under various

schemes

National Highways 1535

State Highways 4341.6

Major District Roads 18900

All Roads 24776.6

Railways Total rail length of 1199 km in 2009-

10

Initiating the development of the integrated

railway coach factory at Kanjikode for which the

state government has allotted 426 acres of land.

The work on the coach factory in Palakkad is

progressing with the project being taken up as

PPP. The coach factory entails an investment of

Rs. 5000 crore in the first phase.

Proposed introduction of MEMU trains servicing

major railway stations.

Airports Three airports operating at

Trivandrum, Kochi and Kozhikode.

proposed development of airport at Kannur on

PPP basis

Ports One major port (Cochin Port) under

the government of India and 17 minor

ports under the state government.

proposed development of the minor ports at

Thangassery, Azhikkal and Beypore on PPP basis

Development of the Rs. 6000 crore Vizhinjam

International Deepwater Port on PPP basis

Inland

water

transport

41 navigable rivers in Kerala with

total length of inland waterways being

1687 km

Declaration of the Kollam – Kottapuram stretch

of the West Coast Canal along with Champakara

and Udyogmandal Canals (total of 205 km) as the

National Waterway 3

Grant in aid of Rs. 225 crore by the 12th Finance

Commission to Kerala for development of inland

water ways for the period 2006-10. The phase I

program comprises deepening of the existing

Page | 16

Sector Status Key initiatives

canal, side protection works and phase II program

comprises construction of boat jetties and aprons,

reconstruction of bridges and formation of canals

in the uncut portion.

Power Installed generation capacity of 2,746

MW with public sector accounting for

90% of capacity.

Total additional capacity of around 419 MW

through ongoing and proposed projects

Source: Economic Survey of Kerala, 2010-11

a) Roads

Kerala has 151,652 km of road length with nearly 1,457 km of National Highways. The state is well-

connected to its neighbouring states and other parts of India through nine National Highways3. Figure

15Error! Reference source not found. shows the road network in Kerala.

Table 7: Road Network in the State

Figure 9: Road map of Kerala (Source: www.mapsofindia.com)

3 www.ibef.org

Road Type Road Length (km)

National Highways 1,457

State Highway 4,341

District Road 18,900

Sources: Economic Review of Kerala, 2010, Annual Report 2010-11, Ministry of Road Transport &

Highways

Page | 17

b) Rail

Kerala has a total rail length of around 1200 kilometres with the railway network falling under the

Southern Railway which covers Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry and parts of Karnataka & Andhra

Pradesh. Railway divisions at Thiruvananthapuram, Palakkad and Madurai jointly carry out railway

operations in the state (source: www.ibef.org). The rail network of Kerala is shown in the Figure 10.

Figure 10: Railway network of Kerala (Source: www.mapsofindia.com)

c) Airports

Kerala has three major International airports at Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum), Kochi (Cochin)

and Kozhikode (Calicut) airport. In addition, the Government of Kerala is proposing to develop an

International airport at Kannur. There are also plans to develop an airstrip near Bekal in Kasargode for

catering to charter flights.

2.2.1 Tourist Accommodation

There were around 312 classified hotels in Kerala, with around 8,648 rooms in 2009 as shown in the

Table 8.

Page | 18

Table 8: Availability of Accommodation Facilities in Classified Hotels (2009) Town-wise

Distribution

5 Star-

Deluxe

5-

Star

4-

Star

3-

Star

2-

Star

1-

Star

Aptt.

Hotel

Time

Share

Resort

Heri

tage

Un-

Classified

Total

No. of

Hotels) 2 8 15 189 71 5 1 0 6 15 312

No. of Rooms 172 616 856 5042 1233 173 58 0 56 442 8648

Source: Ministry of Tourism, Government of India

2.2.2 Information Centres

There are a number of information centres run by the DoT both inside and outside Kerala as provided

below:

a) Outside Kerala

The DoT runs six information centres in various states across India. The major centres where the

information offices of the DoT are located include Chennai, New Delhi, Mysore, Goa, Mumbai and

Kolkata. In addition the information on Kerala tourism is available at the India Tourism offices

located across India.

b) In Kerala

Information offices are located at the major transport interchanges such as bus stations, railway

stations and airports and at the DTPC offices in each district. In addition the information on Kerala

tourism is also provided in the KTDC Tourist Reception Centres. The number of information offices

in each tourism destination is summarised below:

Table 9: District-wise Distribution of Information Offices

S. No District Number of Information Offices

1. Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum) 7

2. Kollam 3

3. Pathanamthitta 2

4. Alappuzha 2

5. Kottayam 2

6. Idukki 2

7. Ernakulum 5

8. Thrissur 2

9. Palakkad 1

10. Malappuram 1

11. Kozhikode 3

12. Wayanad 3

13. Kannur 2

14. Kasargode 2

15. Total 37 Source: www.keralatourism.org

2.2.3 Wayside Facilities

Wayside centres providing facilities for food & beverages, rest rooms etc are important support

infrastructure for tourists. While hotels and restaurants are readily available for tourists across the

state, this is not the case for wayside facilities providing for rest rooms. KTDC is the largest player in

Page | 19

this space, with around 13 motels under the Motel Araam brand. In terms of geographic distribution,

around 75 percent of the facilities are located in between Trivandrum and Kochi.

The DoT is trying to promote the development of around 250 wayside amenities across the state with

private entrepreneurs under the Vazhiyoram scheme4. Based on the statistics published in the DoT

website, there are around 13 such Vazhiyoram centres operational currently.

4 www.keralatourism.org/.../Statistics%20Book%202007.pdf

Page | 20

3. Initial screening of the Tourism Circuits

3.1 Based on Secondary Research

On the basis of the discussions with the state tourism department and stakeholder interactions with the

travel and tour industry, the following major tourism themes were identified.

Ayurveda- Kochi, Alappuzha, Kottayam, Trivandrum

Beaches- Kovalam, Varkala, Marari, Bekal, Kannur

Backwaters- Kumarakom, Alappuzha, Kollam, Kochi, Kozhikode

Hill stations- Munnar, Wayanad, Vagamon, Ponmudi

Wildlife reserves – Periyar, Eravikulam, Thattekad, Parambikulam

Heritage- Fort Kochi & Mattanchery, Kozhikode, Trivandrum

3.2 Key Parameters

An exercise was further carried out to identify and prioritise four circuits from the above circuits. The

key parameters on the basis of which the prioritisation of circuits has been carried out are summarised

below.

3.2.1 Tourist Profile

The type of tourist visiting a destination depends on the nature of destination. They can be broadly

categorized into Domestic and International Tourists. This further affects the physical and socio-

economic development of a destination as spending patterns determine the related multiplier effects. It

also governs the type and scale of infrastructure required.

According to the estimates available from Department of Tourism, Kerala, the average expenditure

per day of International Tourists is the state is Rs. 3600 with a length of stay of 16 days while in case

of Domestic Tourists; it is Rs. 1800 wherein length of stay is 6 days. While Tamil Nadu and

Karnataka are the two largest sources of Domestic Tourists, in the case of International Tourists, the

largest source countries are the United Kingdom (UK) and France.

3.2.2 Capacity and Sustainability

The carrying capacity5 assessment and sustainability of tourism in the circuits identified is an

important component of the study as it will form the basis for resource allocation and future

development. The carrying capacity assessment has been done separately for the circuits, based on

city population (resident), population density and tourist population and density (floating population).

The estimation has been done by comparing the total density with the city density norms for small,

medium and large town / cities set by Urban Development Plan Formulation and Implementation

Guidelines (UDPFI). Only such places have been considered that can offer a sustainable value

5 Carrying capacity is defined as maximum number of individuals than a given environment can support without any adverse

impact on it.

Page | 21

proposition to the tourists such that when tourism products are offered in those places, they can be

maintained as well.

3.2.3 Travel and Tour

Generally, tour operators organize trips in such a way that only popular sites can be covered in a given

period of time. This practice creates more pressure on such destinations. Therefore, while selecting

the circuits, attempts have been made to promote the sites situated around these popular / saturated

destinations which are relatively less developed.

3.2.4 Safety

Tourist safety has been considered and attempts have been made not to incorporate any such

destination which is already adversely affected in terms of law and order.

Page | 22

4. Stakeholder Consultation

4.1 State Government

After the initial identification of tourism circuits, discussions were held with the officials of the DoT,

Kerala and other stakeholders for short-listing the three priority circuits. Based on the discussions, the

following tourism circuits and destinations have been identified for further study.

Three Major Tourism Circuits

1) Circuit 1: North Regional Circuit consisting of Kozhikode-Malappuram-Nilambur-Wayanad-

Kannur-Bekal

2) Circuit 2: Southern Regional Circuit consisting of Thiruvananthapuram-Thenmala- Varkala-


3) Circuit 3: Central Regional Circuit consisting of Kochi-Kumarakom-Kottayam-Vagamon-


Tourism Park

The DoT has currently identified the following areas for the potential development of Tourism Parks

as summarised below.

Vagamon, Idukki district- The Department of Tourism owns about 100 acres of land at Vagamon

which can be developed into an eco-destination focusing paragliding, camping sites, ayurvedic

resorts etc

Karappuzha Dam: Karappuzha dam located in Wayanad district is a beautiful site having potential

of developing as the tourism hub of Wayanad. More than 300 acres of public land in the form of

islands is available for developing tourism products and infrastructure here.

Rural Tourism

The DoT has identified the following areas for the development of the rural tourism cluster as

indicated below:

Idayar Island, Thiruvallam near Trivandrum

Anthakaranazhy in Alappuzha district

Koorachundu-Peruvannamuzhi in Kozhikode district

Malarikkal in Kottayam district

4.2 Ranked List of Tourism Circuits

As described in the previous sections, the tourism circuits identified for development are summarised

below. The Circuit 1 has subsequently been selected as the priority circuit to be studied.

1) Circuit 1: North Regional Circuit consisting of Kozhikode-Malappuram-Nilambur-Wayanad-

Kannur-Bekal

Page | 23

2) Circuit 2: Southern Regional Circuit consisting of Thiruvananthapuram-Thenmala- Varkala-


3) Circuit 3: Central Regional Circuit consisting of Kochi-Kumarakom-Kottayam-Vagamon-


The Circuit 1 destinations spread out across five districts of Kerala. The base for the tourism circuit

would be Kozhikode city with Kannur as a subsidiary base. The major destinations in the Circuit 1 are

summarized in the Table 10 below.

Table 10: Major Tourism Sites in the Circuit 1 Base town Tourist Destinations District Site function / Characteristic

Kozhikode Kozhikode Kozhikode Hub for entry, stay and exit

Kozhikode beach Kozhikode Tourism destination

Beypore port Kozhikode Tourism destination

Feroke Kozhikode Tourism destination

Kappad beach Kozhikode Tourism destination

Peruvannamoozhi Kozhikode Tourism destination

Kakkayam Kozhikode Tourism destination

Thusharagiri Kozhikode Tourism destination

Vadakara Kozhikode Tourism destination

Kottakal Malappuram Tourism destination

Vandoor Malappuram Tourism destination

Thiroor Malappuram Tourism destination

Thirunavaya Malappuram Tourism destination

Nila Malappuram Tourism destination

Ponnani Malappuram Tourism destination

Kondotti Malappuram Tourism destination

Thirurangadi Malappuram Tourism destination

Kadalundi Malappuram Tourism destination

Connolly‟s plot & teak

museum

Malappuram Tourism destination

Adayanpara Malappuram

Kalpetta/ Sultan

Bathery

Kalpetta Wayanad Secondary hub after Kozhikode

Lakkidi Wayanad

Pookot lake Wayanad Tourism destination

Soochipara waterfall Wayanad Tourism destination

Chembra peak Wayanad Tourism destination

Edakkal caves Wayanad Tourism destination

Jain temple at Kalpetta Wayanad Tourism destination

Sultan Bathery Wayanad Secondary hub for night stay &

accommodation

Muthanga wildlife sanctuary Wayanad Tourism destination

Mananthavady Wayanad Tourism destination and hub for

night stay & accommodation

Thirunelly temple Wayanad Tourism destination

Begur wildlife sanctuary Wayanad Tourism destination

Kuruva island Wayanad Tourism destination

Pazhassi tomb Wayanad Tourism destination

Karapuzha dam Wayanad Tourism destination

Page | 24

Base town Tourist Destinations District Site function / Characteristic

Kannur Kannur town Kannur Secondary hub after Kozhikode

Muzhuppilangad beach Kannur Tourism destination

Payyambalam beach Kannur Tourism destination

Meenkunnu beach Kannur Tourism destination

St. Anjelo‟s fort Kannur Tourism destination

Pythal mala Kannur Tourism destination

Parassinikadavu Kannur Tourism destination

Aralam wild life sanctuary Kannur Tourism destination

Pazhassi dam Kannur Tourism destination

Arakkal kettu Kannur Tourism destination

Ezhimala Kannur Tourism destination

Rajarajeswara temple Kannur Tourism destination

Kannur /

Thalassery

Thalassery Night stay and accommodation in

addition to Kannur

Gundert bungalow Kannur Tourism destination

Thalassery fort Kannur Tourism destination

Overbury‟s folly Kannur Tourism destination

Dharmadam beach & island Kannur Tourism destination

Kasargode Kasargode town Kasargode Secondary hub after Kozhikode

Bekal fort & Bekal beach Kasargode Tourism destination

Valiyaparamba / Kavvayi

backwaters

Kasargode Tourism destination

Ranipuram hill station Kasargode Tourism destination

Kappil beach Kasargode Tourism destination

Kasargode Kasargode Tourism destination

4.3 Carrying Capacity Analysis

Tourism carrying capacity (TCC) is defined as „the maximum number of people that may visit the

tourist destination without causing destruction of the physical, economic and socio cultural

environment and an unacceptable decrease in the quality of visitors‟ satisfaction.‟ (Alvin Chandy,

2009). The aassessment of TCC is based on three major indicators:

Physical-Ecological

Socio-Demographic

Political- Economic.

Physical and Ecological Indicators are based on fixed components (ecological capacity, assimilative

capacity) and flexible components (infrastructure systems like water supply, electricity,

transportation, etc).

Socio -demographic Indicators refer to social and demographic issues and importance to local

communities, as they relate to the presence and growth of tourism. Some of these can be expressed in

quantitative terms but most require suitable socio- psychological research.

Page | 25

Political-economic Indicators refer to the impacts of tourism on local economic structures, activities,

etc. including competition to other sectors.

The objective of the interventions intended by the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India is to

improve the quality and quantity of tourism infrastructure at tourist destinations/circuits in a

sustainable manner. Hence, for the purposes of this report the primary focus would be on the Physical

and Ecological Indicators. It is expected that improvement in physical infrastructure at

destinations/circuits would translate into improvements in the socio-demographic and political-

economic conditions of these places.

Figure 11: Methodology for Carrying Capacity Analysis

The methodology for evaluating the available carrying capacity for the tourist destinations is

illustrated in the Figure 11 and is described below.

I. Calculation of Existing Load (LEXISTING)

This is done by calculating the following:

a) Resident Population Density (βRP): This was derived by dividing the existing resident

population of the tourist town by its area in hectares (ha.)

b) Domestic Tourist Density (βDT ): This was derived as follows:

Step 1. Domestic Tourist Arrival (TD): Domestic tourist arrivals during peak season

(days) was determined.

Step 2. Domestic Tourist stay days in peak seasons (TDSP): Domestic tourist arrival was

multiplied by average number of days of tourist stay at that tourist town.

TDSP = TD * Stay Average Days

Page | 26

Step 3. Average number of tourist staying per day during peak season ( αDSP ): This was

evaluated by diving the number of tourist stay days per season by the number of days

comprising the peak season

αDSP = Stay Average Days / Days Peak Season

Step 4. Domestic Tourist Density (βDT): This was evaluated by diving Average number of

tourist staying per day during peak season by area of tourist town in hectares.

βDT = αPS / Area

c) Foreign Tourist Density (βFT ): This was derived as follows:

Step 1. Foreign Tourist Arrival (TF): Foreign tourist arrivals during peak season (days)

was determined

Step 2. Tourist stay days in peak seasons (TFSP): Foreign tourist arrival was multiplied by

average number of day of stay for tourist at that tourist town.

TFSP = TF * Stay Average Days

Step 3. Average number of tourist staying per day during peak season(αFSP) : This was

evaluated by diving the number of tourist stay days per season by the number of days

comprising the peak season

αFSP = Stay Average Days / Days Peak Season

Step 4. Foreign Tourist Density: This was evaluated by diving Average number of

tourist staying per day during peak season by area of tourist town in hectares.

ΒFT = αPS / Area

Aggregate Peak Density (APD) = Resident Population Density + Domestic Tourist Density +

Foreign Tourist Density

APD = βRP + βDT + βFT

Existing Load (LEXISTING) = Aggregate Peak Density * Area of the town

LEXISTING = APD * Area

II. Estimation of Carrying Capacity (CC)

a. UDPFI Density (DUDPFI): The Urban Development Plan Formulation and Implementation

Guidelines (UDPFI, 1996) guidelines classifies the towns on the basis of population as follows:

Table 11: UDPFI Density Limits

S. No Towns Population Upper Limit Density (PPH)

1 Small Town Less than 50000 125

2 Medium Town 50000 - 500000 150

3 Large City More than 500000 150

4 Metro Cities 175

5 Small Hill Town 20000 75

6 Medium Hill Town 20000-80000 90

7 Large Hill Town More than 80000 90

Source: UDPFI Guidelines, 1996

Page | 27

The densities suggested by the UDPFI guidelines as shown in the Table 11 are for the standard cases.

Tourist towns which vary from highly eco-sensitive sanctuaries to highly dense pilgrimage places

have specific characteristics and carrying capacities. Thus, UDPFI densities need to be adjusted to

account for these factors, which is done with the help of Normalizing Density (№)

Normalizing Density (№)

Normalizing density is evaluated as follows:

1. Sites were evaluated on a normalizing index (Ni) of range -10 to +10

Negative Indices were adopted for sites where densities were to be allowed on a conservative scale

(i.e. for example places which are ecologically sensitive). Positive Indices were adopted for sites

where densities were to be allowed at higher values than prevailing such as pilgrimage towns etc.

2. The values of the indices were evaluated based on a qualitative assessment with respect to the

Physical – Ecological indicators. The indicators which were assessed for the category wise tourist

places are summarized in Table 12:

Table 12: Physical and Ecological Indicators

Physical – Ecological

Indicators

Thematic Areas

Coastal

Area

Islands Protected

Areas

Rural

Areas

Mountain

Resorts

Urban,

Historic

Pilgrimage

Place

Biodiversity

Air Quality

Noise Pollution

Availability of Power

Water

Waste Management

Cultural heritage

Tourist Infrastructure

Land Availability

Quality of Transport

Infrastructure

Source: Countries,E.(Dec,2001). Defining, Measuring and Evaluating Carrying Capacity in European Tourism

Destinations.Athens.

Normalizing Density (№) was calculated by multiplying a factor of 10pph by the Normalizing index.

Normalizing Density (№) = 10* Ni

(The value of 10pph was derived by establishing the boundary conditions of lower and upper

sustainable densities for tourist towns of the relevant categories. To establish the lower limit,

reference was made to the capacity norms cited by World Tourism Organization WTO (Inskeep,

1991). The upper limit was established by determining the densities for saturated tourist towns.)

Page | 28

The Normalizing index (Ni) was evaluated as follows: Each of the applicable indicators for the

corresponding thematic area (to which the tourist destination/circuits belong) was ranked on a scale of

0-10. The average of the indicators would give the value of the Normalizing index (Ni).

Carrying Capacity Density (CCD) was calculated by summing up the Upper Limit of the relevant

UDPFI density with the Normalizing Density

Carrying Capacity Density (CCD) = DUDPFI + №

Carrying Capacity (CC) was calculated by multiplying the carrying capacity density with the Area

of the respective town in hectares.

Carrying Capacity (CC) = CCD * Area of Town

Available Capacity was finally evaluated by finding the difference between the Carrying Capacity of

the tourist town and the Existing Load in the town.

Table 13: Social and Demographic Indicators Social

Demographic

Indicators

Thematic Areas

Coastal

Area

Islands Protected

Areas

Rural

Areas

Mountain

Resorts

Urban &

Historic

Pilgrimage

Place

Demography

Tourist Flows

Social &

Behavioral

Aspects

Health &

Hygiene

Safety


Destinations.Athens.

Table 14: Political Economic Indicators Political -

Economic

Indicators

Thematic Areas

Coastal

Area

Islands Protected

Areas

Rural

Areas

Mountain

Resorts

Urban &

Historic

Pilgrimage

Place

Tourism Earnings

and Investment

Employment

Public

Expenditure and

Revenue


Destinations.Athens

Available Capacity = Carrying Capacity (CC) - Existing Load (LEXISTING)

Page | 29

Table 15: Evaluation Criterion of Physical and Ecological Indicators Physical – Ecological Indicators Evaluation Criterion

Biodiversity Threatened species, Protected areas as a percent of territory and

type of ecosystem

Air Quality Population exposure to air pollution - Sox & Nox emission

intensities

Noise Pollution Sensitivity to noise pollutions. Allowable decibels limit if

specified.

Availability of Power Hours of regular power supply from all energy sources.

Water Intensity of Use of water resources. Drinking water availability

@135lpcd.

Waste Management Generation of waste, Movement of hazardous waste, Availability of

waste management system

Cultural & Heritage Listed Buildings and scheduled ancient monuments at risk.

No. of community heritage groups active.

Cultural traditions and communities which are at a risk of getting

extinct.

Tourist infrastructure Availability of tourist infrastructure such as on site

accommodation, wayside amenities, signages, restaurants, public

convenience, petrol pumps etc.

Land Availability Area of Land available for tourism development.

Quality of Transport Infrastructure Inter and Intra city transport connectivity in tourist towns.

Availability of Last Mile connectivity.

Source: White V.,M. G. (2006). Indicators of Sustainibility and Sustainable Tourism: Some Example Sets.

Aberdeen: The Macaulay Institute.

4.4 Town wise Carrying Capacity Analysis of the Priority Circuit

Using the mentioned methodology, the carrying capacity of North Regional Circuit, consisting

Kozhikode-Malappuram-Nilambur-Wayanad-Kannur-Bekal was analyzed. The results of the analysis

are summarized in the Table 16.

Table 16: Town wise Carrying Capacity Analysis

Tourist Town

Existing

Load

Carrying

Capacity

Available

Capacity

Estimating

Load

Carrying

Capacity

Available

Capacity

2010 2020

Kozhikode 705295 2172040 1466745 804533 2172040 1367507

Kannur 77075 143390 66315 81260 143390 62130

Kalpetta 38514 468510 429996 52009 468510 416501

Table 16 shows that cities such as Kozhikode and Kalpetta has more carrying capacity and prospects

of tourism related development than Kannur.

Page | 30

5. Existing Infrastructure Status

An assessment of tourism infrastructure between major tourist destinations has been done. The

template for infrastructure gap assessment is as presented in Table 17. Each of the destinations and

their en-route stretches have been assessed and rated on a scale of A, B, C,D and E wherein, A

denotes „Very Good‟, B denotes „Good‟, C denotes „Fair‟, D denotes „Bad‟ and E denotes „Very Bad‟.

The infrastructure assessment sheets are presented as Annexure-II.

5.1 Template to Evaluate Infrastructure status/availability between Tourist

Destinations

Table 17: Template to Evaluate Infrastructure Status/Availability between Tourist Destinations Route

Destination

Enroute/

Onsite

Parameters Components Rating Remarks

Enroute Distance in km

Approach Road Quality (A-E)

Type of Road (metalled,

unmetalled)

Typology (NH/SH/ MDR)

Lanes

Riding Quality (A-E)

Transport Modes Used by tourists

(more specific to transport

access to tourist destinations

from various parts of city)

Availability (A-E)

Wayside Amenities Restaurants availability

Petrol Pump/ Service

Centre availability

Public Convenience

availability

Direction Signages (Inside

the city to directing the

tourist destinations)

Sufficiency (A-E)

Languages

On Site Land ownership of the Site N.A

City/Town Accommodation Type

Capacity

Bed Occupancy

Sufficiency (A-E)

Drinking Water facility Availability (A-E)

Quality(A-E)

Solid Waste Management A-E

Electricity Supply (AC, Gen)

Parking Sufficiency (A-E)

Availability of Land for

future parking

Page | 31

Route

Destination

Enroute/

Onsite

Parameters Components Rating Remarks

Area of this land (approx)

Tourist Information Centres Available(Y/N)

Quality (A-E)

Trained Guides Availability (A-E)

Information Signages Sufficiency (A-E)

Languages

Seating/ Resting Sufficiency (A-E)

Quality (A-E)

Public Convenience Availability (A-E)

Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E)

Quality (A-E)

Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-E)

Quality (A-E)

Site

Specific

Comments

5.2 Introduction to the Circuit 1

The destinations in the Circuit 1 are located across five major districts in North Kerala, namely

Kozhikode, Malappuram, Wayanad, Kannur and Kasargode. The tourism destinations identified

consist of a number of major and emerging tourism destinations. The city of Kozhikode is the natural

entry point and hub for the destinations in Circuit 1. Given the geographic spread of the tourism

destinations, there are other towns in the districts which would be secondary hubs cum

accommodation points in addition to Kozhikode. It may be noted that all the tourism destinations

identified, would come within 150-200 kilometres from Kozhikode. The overall coverage of the

destinations is provided in the Figure 12. Due to the number of tourism destinations covered in the

Circuit 1, the identified destinations have been further broken down into further groups as indicated

below. The analysis in terms of infrastructure gaps and indicative projects has been carried based on

these groups with Kozhikode as the primary hub and secondary hubs such as Kannur, Kalpetta and

Bekal / Kasargode.

Page | 32

Figure 12: Circuit 1 coverage in terms of districts

Table 18: Sub-circuits within Circuit 1 with Primary and Secondary Hubs

S.No Sub-circuit Primary hub Secondary hub

1. Kozhikode- Malappuram sub-circuit Kozhikode -

2. Kozhikode- Wayanad sub-circuit Kozhikode Kalpetta

3. Kozhikode – Kannur- Thalassery sub-

circuit

Kozhikode Kannur

4. Kozhikode- Kasargode sub-circuit Kozhikode Kasargode / Bekal

Page | 33

5.2.1 Major Tourism Products

The major tourism products in the Circuit 1 can be categorised as given below.

Beaches – Bekal, Kozhikode, Kannur, Thalassery

Religious destinations / pilgrimage – major temples such as Thirunavaya, Parassinikadavu,

Pazhayangadi mosque etc

Hill stations & scenic spots – Ranipuram, Paithalmala, waterfalls & lakes in Wayanad,

Nilambur

Wildlife sanctuaries and parks – Wayanad, Kannur

Historical / heritage / cultural – Bekal fort, Thunchan memorial, Pazhassi tomb, Arakkal

museum, St. Angelo‟s fort etc

Backwaters- Kovvayi- Valiyaparamba backwaters between Kannur and Nileswaram

5.2.2 Tourist Arrivals

The breakups of tourist arrivals for the destinations in Circuit 1 are provided in the Table 19.

Figure 13: Primary and secondary hubs considered for the Priority Circuit in Kerala

Kozhikode

Kalpetta

Kannur

Bekal

Page | 34

0.9%

0.3%

1.4%

2.6%

1.0%

5.3%

1.9%

7.1%

4.0%

4.7%5.0%

1.8%

6.7%

3.9%

4.5%

0.0%

1.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

6.0%

7.0%

8.0%

KANNUR KASARGOD KOZHIKODE MALAPPURAM WAYANAD

Domestic %

International %

Total %

Table 19: Tourist arrivals in Circuit 1 Destinations in 2010

Destination Domestic International Total

Malappuram 347,311 16,915 364,226

Kozhikode 612,316 9,017 621,333

Wayanad 408,151 6,575 414,726

Kannur 455,822 5,886 461,708

Kasargode 160,539 1,679 162,218


The relative contribution of the tourism destinations in Circuit 1 to the overall tourist numbers for

Kerala is indicated in Error! Reference source not found.14. The net contribution of north Kerala to

the total tourism traffic is around 22percent which is low considering that the region covers 5 out of

14 districts of Kerala. It can be seen that the relative contribution for International Tourists is just

around 6 percent of the total International Tourist inflow into Kerala. Domestic Tourists contribute

around 98 percent of the total tourists coming to north Kerala compared to around 93percent for

Kerala overall. The above statistic reinforces the need to develop and promote north Kerala as a

tourism destination in addition to the current tourism hotspots of south and central Kerala.

Figure 14: Contribution of Circuit 1 to Kerala tourism figures in 2010

The development of the North Kerala circuit is expected to provide the following benefits:

enable the creation of new tourism assets and products in North Kerala

promote private sector tourism investment in North Kerala

reduce the load and manage issues of overcapacity in the case of the Central and Southern

Kerala

spread the benefits of tourism more broadly across the state

Page | 35

Kozhikode

5.3 Infrastructure Status

Site visits have been conducted for the

destinations identified in Circuit 1 with a gap

assessment carried out for identified

infrastructure categories. The gap assessment

has been done on a qualitative basis for the

following infrastructure categories summarized

below:

1) Transport and connectivity

2) Utilities such as power, water, etc

3) Accommodation

4) Way side amenities

5) Maintenance and management of built

heritage/tourist attractions

The city of Kozhikode would be the major hub

and entry / exit point to the Circuit 1. Keeping

this in view, the Priority Circuit has been broken up into the following sub-circuits, which would be

linked to Kozhikode.

1. Kozhikode- Malappuram sub-circuit

2. Kozhikode- Wayanad sub-circuit

3. Kozhikode – Kannur- Thalassery sub-circuit

4. Kozhikode- Kasargode sub-circuit

5.3.1 Kozhikode

The city of Kozhikode (Calicut) is the third largest urban centre in Kerala and the largest urban centre

in north Kerala. The city is renowned for its rich maritime heritage with ancient ports such as Beypore

and Kappad, where Vasco da Gama made his first landing in 1498. The Kozhikode railway station is

the major railway station in north Kerala and the Karipur International airport is located around 28

kilometers from Kozhikode. A snapshot of Kozhikode is provided in the Table 20.

Table 20: Snapshot of Kozhikode City

S.No Category Description / Parameter

1. Area 128 square kilometers

2. Population 2.03 million in Kozhikode urban area as per provisional

figures of 2011 census

3. Number of wards 75

Page | 36

S.No Category Description / Parameter

4. Accessibility Karipur airport which is an International airport - 28

kilometers from city centre

Kozhikode railway station- 1 kilometer from city centre

well connected road network state highways and

national highways such as NH-17, NH-212 & 213

connecting Kozhikode with the rest of India

5. Major tourism destinations Kozhikode beach

Kappad beach

Mananchira square

Beypore port

Thusharagiri water falls

Kadalundi bird sanctuary

6. Accommodation There are more than 30 hotels in Kozhikode ranging from 5

star hotels to budget hotels.

Source: Kozhikode Corporation & Kerala Tourism

5.3.2 Kozhikode – Malappuram Sub-Circuit

The destinations covered in this sub-circuit are located across the districts of Kozhikode and

Malappuram. Based on the discussions with the DoT, Kerala, around 17 destinations have been

identified in this sub-circuit. These destinations have been classified based on importance as high,

medium and minor. The primary hub is Kozhikode. The majority of the destinations are located

within 50-60 kilometres from Kozhikode with Ponnani, in Malappuram district, being the farthest at

around 85 kilometres. The annexure to this report provides an overview of the infrastructure

availability of this sub-circuit for the sites / destinations identified. An overview of the tourist

destinations in the Kozhikode- Malappuram sub-circuit is provided in Table 21.

Page | 37

Table 21: Overview of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Malappuram Sub-Circuit

No Destination Relative

importance

Comments

1. Vadakara Minor one of the ancient centres for Kalaripayattu, the

martial tradition of Kerala

Sand banks peninsula where the Moorad / Kottakal

River meets the sea , located 3 km from the town

with an area maintained by the municipality as a

point to view the sunset. There is a beach opposite

the Sand banks named the silent beach.

2. Kappad beach High Beach where Vasco Da Gama landed in India

commemorated by a monument

potential for development as a beach destination

with resorts already developed

3. Kozhikode beach High Located around 2 kilometres from the city centre

and a popular destination for Domestic Tourists

with a marine aquarium

4. Beypore High old maritime port for Kerala

beach destination alongside port which has been

recently renovated and is a popular destination for

Domestic Tourists

5. Feroke Medium remains of a fort built by Tipu Sultan and

maintained by the ASI

currently a well and a small magazine building

remain

6. Kadalundi High Location of a bird sanctuary near the spot where the

Kadalundi river meets the sea

potential for eco-tourism and adventure sports

7. Tirurangadi Minor associated with the freedom struggle and the wagon

tragedy under the British rule

8. Tirur Medium Important as the birth place of Thunchath

Ezhuthachan considered as the father of Malayalam

literature and the Thunchan Paramba memorial

Thunjan utsavam festival for arts and literature held

on an annual basis

9. Ponnani High Tidal mouth where the Bharathapuzha River and the

Tirur River meet with the sea. It is also a nesting

place for migratory birds.

The Biyyam Kayal is a waterway with boating

facilities provided by the DTPC

Location for a number of ancient temples and

mosques

10. Thirunavaya Medium location of the Thirunavaya temple which is a major

centre for religious pilgrims

famous as the location where the Mamankam

festival was held till the 18th century

currently a martial arts festival based on

Kalaripayattu is held on an annual basis

Page | 38


importance

Comments

11. Kottakal Medium Centre for the Arya Vaidya Sala facility where

traditional Ayurvedic medical treatment is provided

in an extensive campus

The Arya Vaidya Sala also maintains its herbal

gardens and manufactures ayurvedic medicines in

its campus

The remains of the fortified palace of the Kizhakke

Kovilakam kings is located in Kottakal

12. Kondotty Medium mainly famous for the 500 year old Pazhayangadi

mosque located in Kondotty

centre for Domestic religious tourism

13. Vandoor Minor mainly noted as the location for the Vandoor Sivan

temple which is a major centre for religious tourism

14. Nilambur High scenic destination with forests and wildlife habitats

Location of the oldest teak plantation in the world

named Connoly‟s plot. The longest hanging bridge

in Kerala provides access to the teak plantation.

The Adyan Para waterfalls are located 14 km from

Nilambur

15. Tusharagiri Medium Scenic spot with three waterfalls and potential for

developing trekking and adventure tourism

16. Kakkayam Medium picturesque dam site with potential for development

of adventure sports

17. Peruvannamoozhi Medium Location of the Peruvannamoozhi dam developed as

a scenic spot with facilities for boating and

including a crocodile farm and gardens.

Experimental farm of the Indian Institute of Spices

Research is located here.

Forms part of the Malabar wildlife sanctuary.

Page | 39


Malappuram Sub-Circuit

Page | 40

Kakkayam

Peruvannamoozhi

Kozhikode

Beypore

Feroke

Kappad

Vadakara

Tusharagiri

Kottakal

Vandoor

Tirur

Tirurangadi

Thirunavaya

Ponnani

Kondotty

Kadalundi

Nilambur

Figure 16: Map of Destinations identified in Kozhikode- Malappuram Sub-Circuit

5.3.3 Kozhikode- Wayanad Sub-Circuit

The destinations covered in this sub-circuit are located across the district of Wayanad. Based on the

discussions with the DoT, Kerala, around 12 destinations have been identified in this sub-circuit.

These destinations have been classified based on importance as high, medium and minor. The

majority of the destinations are located within 80-100 kilometres from Kozhikode with Thirunelly, the

farthest from Kozhikode at around 127 kilometres. In this case, Kalpetta is considered as the support

hub to Kozhikode for Wayanad district. The annexure to this report provides an overview of the

infrastructure availability of this sub-circuit. The overview of the tourist destinations in the

Kozhikode- Wayanad sub-circuit is provided in Table 22.

Page | 41

Table 22: Relative importance of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Wayanad Sub-Circuit


importance

Comments

1. Lakkidi Medium Gateway to Wayanad and is one of the highest

spots in Wayanad district.

Located at around 700 metres above MSL along

the famous Thamarassery pass in the Western

Ghats

Mainly a sightseeing spot on route to Wayanad.

2. Pookot lake High scenic freshwater lake with boating facilities and

tourist amenities

3. Soochipara waterfalls High three tiered waterfalls surrounded by forests

view of the tea estates in Wayanad

4. Chembra peak Medium highest peak in Wayanad and is accessed by a

trek of around 5 km

trekking destination based on permission from

the department of forests

trekking equipment provided by DTPC

5. Edakkal caves High caves with prehistoric writings and believed to

have been inhabited over several periods from

5000 BC onwards

accessed by a trekking trail of 1 km

Entry and exit to caves by same route which

leads to congestion during peak tourist season

6. Jain temple at Kalpetta Minor remains of an ancient Jain temple at Kalpetta

which is currently under the ASI

7. Muthanga wildlife

sanctuary

High Major wildlife sanctuary and part of the Nilgiri

biosphere and bounded by Nagarhole and

Bandipur on the border with Karnataka state

8. Pazhassi tomb at

Manathavady

Medium Memorial to Pazhassi Raja who organised one of

the first resistances to the British in the 18th

century along with a museum

9. Thirunelly temple Medium ancient Vishnu temple over a thousand years old

and a centre for religious pilgrims

10. Kuruva dweep High River delta of around 1000 acres on the Kabini

River with the island accessed by boats run by

Kerala Tourism.

11. Begur wild life

sanctuary

High Wildlife sanctuary located near Mananthavady

Page | 42

Kozhikode

Lakkidi

Pookot lake

Kalpetta

Soochiparawaterfalls

Chembra peak

Sultan Bathery

Edakkalcaves

Mananthavady

Muthanga wild life sanctuary

ThirunellyBegur wildlife

sanctuary Kuruva dweep

Figure 17: Destinations identified in Kozhikode-Wayanad Sub-Circuit

Page | 43


Wayanad Sub-Circuit

5.3.4 Kozhikode – Kannur- Thalassery Sub-Circuit

The destinations covered in this sub-circuit are located across the district of Kannur. Based on the

discussions with the DoT, Kerala, around 16 destinations have been identified in this sub-circuit.

These destinations have been classified based on importance as high, medium and minor. The

majority of the destinations are located within 80-90 kilometres from Kozhikode with Pythal mala the

farthest from Kozhikode at around 150 kilometres. In this case, Kannur is considered as the support

hub to Kozhikode. The annexure to this report provides an overview of the infrastructure availability

of this sub-circuit. The overview of the tourist destinations in the Kozhikode- Kannur- Thalassery

sub-circuit is provided in Table 23.

Page | 44

Table 23: Relative importance of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Kannur-Thalassery Sub-Circuit

S.

No

Destination Relative

Importance

Comments

1. Gundert

Bungalow

Minor former bungalow of Dr. Hermann Gundert who

developed the first Malayalam dictionary & currently

owned by a private party

2. Thalassery Fort High Fort built by the British in 1708 and now maintained by

the ASI

3. Overbury‟s

Folly

Medium Architectural folly which serves as a public park for

local people which has been recently renovated and

redeveloped

4. Dharmadam

Beach

High Private Island of around 5 acres located around 100

meters from the mainland.

5. Dharmadam

Island

High beach popular with local residents and located near

Kannur

6. Muzhappilangad

Beach

High Only drive in beach in Kerala with potential for

development of water sports

7. Payyambalam

Beach

High Popular beach destination with a beach garden

maintained by the DTPC. It is located around 2 km from

Kannur

8. Meenkunnu

Beach

High Located around 12 km from Kannur and relatively

underdeveloped

9. St. Angelo‟s fort High Built by the Portuguese in the 16th century and currently

maintained by the ASI

located 3 km from Kannur

10. Pythal Mala Medium hill station located more than 60 km from Kannur and

near the Kerala –Karnataka border in the Western Ghats

potential for development as a hill station with resorts

and adventure sports

11. Parassinikadavu High Major destination is the Parassinikadavu Sr.Muthappan

temple with a daily Theyyam dance performance

The other major attraction is the Parassinikadavu snake

park

12. Aralam Wild

Life Sanctuary

Medium wild life sanctuary located 20 km from Iritty

13. Pazhassi Dam Medium scenic destination developed near an irrigation reservoir

over the Valappatanam river with boating facilities

provided by the DTPC and a garden with sculptures

14. Arakkal Palace Medium Museum dedicated to the Arakkal royal family and

developed in part of the Arakkal palace by the DoT and

the Department of Culture, Kerala.

15. Ezhimala Minor Picturesque hill destination located around 40 km from

Kannur forming a promontory. Development around the

area is restricted due to the presence of the Indian Naval

Academy which was completed in 2009

16. Rajarajeswara

temple

Medium Ancient Siva temple located at Taliparamba near

Kannur, and one of the most prominent Siva temples in

South India.

Domestic religious tourism potential

Page | 45


Kannur-Thalassery Sub-Circuit

Page | 46

Figure 20: Destinations Identified in Kozhikode- Kannur-Thalassery Sub-Circuit

5.3.5 Kozhikode- Kasargode sub-circuit

The destinations covered in this sub-circuit are located across the district of Kasargode. Based on the

discussions with the DoT, Kerala, around 5 destinations have been identified in this sub-circuit. These

destinations identified consist of major, minor and emerging tourism destinations and are indicated in

the Figure 21. The majority of the destinations are located within 150-170 kilometres from Kozhikode

with Ranipuram the farthest from Kozhikode at around 190 kilometres. In this case, Kasargode /

Bekal is considered as the support hub to Kozhikode. The annexure to this report provides an

overview of the infrastructure availability of this sub-circuit. The overview of the tourist destinations

in the Kozhikode- Kasargode sub-circuit is provided in Table 24.

Kozhikode

Kannur

Thalassery

Parassinikadavu

Meenkunnubeach

Pythalmala

Aralam wild life sanctuary

PazhassidamEzhimala

Rajarajeswaratemple

Page | 47

Table 24: Relative importance of Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Kasargode Sub-Circuit


importance

Comments

1. Bekal High The Bekal Tourism Development Corporation

(BRDC) formed in 1995, has initiated the

creation of a greenfield tourism based

development which is one of the first of its

kind in India.

Under this development resorts and tourism

developments are envisaged in identified

areas around the Bekal fort

The major attractions are the Bekal fort and

the beach

The BRDC has acquired 233.67 acres of land

for development of 6 resort sites as well as

other tourism & infrastructure related

activities. The total land area earmarked for

resorts is around 200 acres. A total cost of Rs.

30 crore has been spent for land acquisition as

on date.

2. Valiyaparamba

backwaters

High The third major backwater system in Kerala

with potential for backwater cruises between

Kannur and Neeleshwaram

3. Ranipuram hill

station

Medium hill station located around 50 km from

Kasargode with potential for ecotourism and

adventure tourism

cottages, conference hall and dining hall

recently developed by the DoT for an

estimated cost of Rs. 3.25 crore

4. Kappil beach High relatively undeveloped beach around 6 km

from Bekal fort with potential for

development as a beach destination

Page | 48

Kozhikode

Kasargode

Bekal

Ranipuram

Valiyaparambuisland

Figure 21: Destinations Identified in Kozhikode- Kasargode Sub-Circuit

Figure 22: Tourism Destinations in Kozhikode-Kasargode Sub-Circuit

Page | 49

5.4 Land under the DoT

Generally there are very few land parcels directly under the DoT in the Circuit 1. Most of the

destinations are under other government agencies such as the KSEB (Kerala State Electricity Board)

and the revenue, the forest & irrigation departments. Many of the sites are developed based on the

coordination between the owner department and the DoT / DTPC (destinations in Wayanad are a

prime example of this mode of development). Therefore, in many cases, the DoT or DTPC identifies

sites with tourism potential and comes to an arrangement with the government agency holding the site

for specific tourism related developments.

5.4.1 Bekal Resort Development Corporation

Table 25: Land acquired by BRDC

S

No.

Resorts and other sites Village Extent of land

acquired in

acres

1. Resort site 1 & 1A Chittari and Ajanoor 31.95

2. Resort site 2 Chittari and Keekan 57.43

3. Resort site 4 & 4 A Pallikere I & II 32.71

4. Resort site 5 Udma and Pallikere II 21.57

5. Resort site 6 Udma and Kalnad 25.56

6. Resort site 7 Kalnad 31.65

7. Facility centre Pallikere I 1.62

8. Public beach Pallikere I 23.33

9. access to beach Pallikere 0.98

10. Staff quarters for railway and gate

lodge (not handed over to railways)

Keekan 0.28

11. Water supply scheme Panayal, Kolathur, Pallikere, Chittari,

Udma, Bare, Keekan and Kalanad

4.81

12. Valiyaparamba house boat centre Nileshwar and South Trikkaripur 0.27

13. Parking bay near Bekal fort Pallikere I 1.41

14. Valiyaparamba facility centre Udinoor 0.1

15. TOTAL 233.67

The Government of India in 1992 carried out a survey of the west coast of India, for identifying beach

locations which could be developed as coastal destination. Bekal located in Kasargod district, was one

of the 6 destinations identified under this “Special Tourism Area” initiative. Taking this further, the

government of Kerala formed the Bekal Tourism Authority for implementation of the project in 1992.

In 1995, the Bekal Resort Development Corporation (BRDC) was formed for speedy implementation

of the project. In addition, BRDC also has an extended mandate to promote tourism in the district of

Kasargod.

Page | 50

The development area identified by BRDC comprises the 4 Panchayats of Udma, Pallikere, Ajanoor

and Chemnad. BRDC has so far acquired 233.67 acres of land as shown in Table 27 at a cost of

around Rs. 30 crore. The land acquired is for the development of 6 resorts as well as allied basic and

tourism infrastructure. Land acquisition has been completed for all the resort sites which have been

subsequently leased to bidders selected through a bid process for a period of 30 years. For selection of

bidders, the land was valued at 125 percent of the land acquisition cost and bidders selected by

competitive bidding setting 8percent of land value as the minimum lease price. The details of the land

allotted to the bidders and current status is provided in Table 26.

Table 26: Land allotted for resorts by BRDC and current status

S No. Resorts and

other sites

Village Extent in

acres

Lessee Status

1. Resort site 1 Chittari and

Anjur

31.95 M/s. Joys

Enterprises,

Site development work

initiated

2. Resort site 2 Chittari and

Keekan

57.43 Green gateway

leisure (Air Travel

Enterprises)

Under construction with 80

keys expected to be

operational in early 2012

3. Resort site 4 Pallikere &

Udma

32.35 Globlink Hotels &

Entertainment Pvt

Ltd.

Under construction with 76

keys expected to be

operational in mid 2012

4. Resort site 5 Udma and

Pallikere II

21.57 Khanna Hotels

Pvt. Ltd

Operational and

maintenance by Taj under

the Vivanta brand with 85

keys.

5. Resort site 6 Udma and

Kalnad

25.56 Bharath Hotels

Ltd

Operational with 37 keys in

first phase as the Lalit

Resort & Spa

6. Resort site 7 Kalnad 31.65 Holiday Group Under development with

major works for 50 out of

100 keys completed.

Expected to be operational

at end of 2012 or early 2013

7. Beach Park Pallikere 5 KTDC (Kerala

Tourism

Development

Corporation)

For development of

premium beach camping

resort with 20 cottages in

the first phase. Work on the

project is expected to start

by 2012.

5.5 SWOT Analysis

Based on the assessment carried out during the visit to the Circuit 1, strengths, weaknesses,

opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis has been carried out for the overall Circuit 1 as described

below.

Page | 51

Strengths

Kozhikode enjoys good connectivity with both Domestic and International destinations through

air, rail and road

Wide diversity of tourism assets such as beaches, scenic & wildlife destinations, cultural and

religious, backwaters etc with scope for development of specialised sub-circuits based on specific

tourism assets :

o Important beach destinations- Bekal, Kozhikode, Kappad, Beypore, Muzhuppilangad,

Payyambalam, Dharmadam

o Hill stations & scenic spots- Tidal mouth of the Bharathapuzha, Nilambur, Tusharagiri

waterfalls, Kakkayam, Peruvannamoozhi, Pookot lake, Soochipara waterfalls,

Kuruvadweep, Pythal Mala, Pazhassi dam, Ranipuram

o Wild life sanctuaries & bird sanctuaries – Kadalundi, Muthanga wild life sanctuary,

Begur wild life sanctuary, Aralam wild life sanctuary

o Backwaters – Valiyaparamba backwaters

o Historical monuments – Edakkal caves, St. Anjelo‟s fort, Thalassery fort, Bekal fort,

Arakkal palace etc

o Religious - a number of ancient hindu temples and mosques are located in this circuit

which are important for Domestic Tourists

o Cultural- destinations such as the Thunchan Parambu, Jain temples in Wayanad etc

Good road connectivity between Kozhikode and most of the tourism destinations with signages

provided to all important tourism destinations

relatively well developed private tourism sector in terms of tour operators, private taxis and

accommodation facilities around the major hub (Kozhikode) and support hubs such as Kalpetta,

Kannur & Kasargode / Bekal

Established network of DTPCs in the main district headquarters for coordination of tourism

development and providing tourist information

Strategic tourism development initiatives in destinations such as Bekal for creating new tourism

infrastructure assets.

Weaknesses

Lack of awareness regarding tourism destinations in north Kerala among International Tourists.

The destinations in Circuit 1, except in Wayanad & Bekal to an extent, cater mostly to Domestic

Tourists.

Distance of destinations in North Kerala from current tourism hubs around Kochi and Trivandrum

Limited connectivity between Kozhikode airport and airports in Europe and the US. Most of the

International flight connections operate to airports in the Arabian Peninsula.

Page | 52

Need for better coordination of tourism development between the owner departments and DoT for

tourism sites. This is an important requirement given that many of the tourism destinations come

under the KSEB, forest, irrigation and revenue departments

Need for improving the tourism amenities and basic infrastructure in beach destinations in the

circuit. Some of the areas include up-gradation of existing beach parks developed by the

respective DTPC, improvement of parking facilities, provision of more toilets, more retail kiosks

and solid waste management.

There is heavy traffic seen on the roads connecting the tourism destinations which leads to

increase in travel time and congestion. In addition, the approach roads to destinations are most 1-

1.5 lane and also need more maintenance works.

In destinations such as Muzhuppilangad beach (only driving beach in Kerala), there is a need to

segregate the vehicular and pedestrian movement along the beach.

Lack of accommodation facilities near the tourism destinations away from the main urban areas

Need for provision of good public convenience facilities both on route to the destinations and

within the tourism destinations

Need for better visitor circulation control in destinations such as the Edakkal caves. Currently

entry and exits are through the same routes, leading to congestion. This can be an issue for

evacuation during emergencies. In addition, there were some perceived issues with respect to

visitor management in some of the destinations located in the forest areas. For example the

Kuruvadweep destination was closed during the time of the site visits due to the deaths of two

visitors and associated safety checks being conducted.

Opportunities

Potential for development of established beaches such as Kappad (with its historical association

with Vasco Da Gama), Kozhikode, Beypore, Payyambalam by improvement in basic amenities

and development of water sports in appropriate locations near the beaches.

Development of the Sarovaram Bio-Park (Kottoli urban wetlands) of around 200 acres, located

near the Kozhikode city centre with facilities including canal walkway, boatway bird sanctuary,

mangrove bio-reserve etc.

Potential for development of destinations along the coastline of Kozhikode and Malappuram

district extending from Ponnani to Kozhikode. This stretch has a combination of religious,

historical and beach destinations along the NH-66 / the Tirur-Kadalundi road.

Promotion of home stays and accommodation facilities for Domestic Tourists visiting the temples

along the above stretch. This would help attract Domestic Tourists interested in religious tourism,

from outside the current catchment area inside Kerala.

There are a number of undeveloped beach destinations along the stretch from Ponnani to

Kozhikode which may be identified for development.

Page | 53

Based on discussions with officials of DTPC Malappuram, it is understood that are lands under

the fisheries department earmarked for hatcheries along the Ponnani-Kozhikode stretch, which are

currently lying fallow. It has been proposed that some of this land could be used for tourism

development. However this needs to be explored in more detail through discussions between the

DoT and department of fisheries before any identification of land and potential projects can be

done.

potential for development of the stretch of the Canoli canal between Kadalundi and Veliyamgode

& the stretch between the Korapuzha and Kallai rivers which runs through Kozhikode as a

waterway for tourists

Promotion of the destinations such as Kadalundi and Vallikunnu comprising mangrove forests

and bird sanctuaries.

Develop infrastructure in under-developed scenic destinations & dam sites such as Kakkayam,

Kattumala and Karappuzha.

Development and regulation of Muzhuppilangad beach (only drive-in beach in Kerala) and

promote events based on the uniqueness of the beach in areas which are segregated for vehicles to

drive on.

Promotion of unique cultural art forms such as Theyyam which are of interest to International

Tourists and institutions such as Thunchan Parambu & Arakkal Palace.

Promoting and enhancing the existing backwater cruises operating on the Valiyaparamba

backwaters by enhancing infrastructure at the current boat jetty facilities operated by BRDC

Promote the development of city tours in major destinations such as Kozhikode, Kannur, etc.

Development of adventure & trekking activities in identified areas near the hill stations, forest

areas etc based on coordination between the DoT and government agencies such as KSEB, forest,

irrigation and revenue departments.

Threats

North Kerala, despite its tourism assets, contributes only around 22percent of the total tourism

traffic to Kerala. This is due to the concentration of tourist inflows into central and southern

Kerala. In the absence of a strategic thrust to both marketing and infrastructure development, this

situation would be expected to continue.

Availability of adequate tourism manpower is a critical concern expressed by private players

operating away from main urban areas (in destinations such as Bekal).

Need to manage the increase in tourists visiting the beaches around the urban areas such as

Kozhikode and Kannur to prevent environmental degradation & waste management issue.

Need to manage expected growth in backwater tourism in the Valiyaparamba backwaters and

prevent environmental degradation as reported in the Vembanad backwater region

Page | 54

6. Project Identification, Block Cost Estimate, Implementation & Funding

Based on the preliminary survey carried out for the Circuit 1 and discussions with the officials of the

DoT, a process of identification of proposed projects has been carried out. The list of projects has

been developed based on the felt infrastructure needs for the major tourism destinations in Circuit

1and indicative estimates have been worked out for the preliminary block costs. It may be noted that

the estimated figures are indicative in nature and would be subject to change post more detailed

studies & assessments. The key projects identified for the Circuit 1along with indicative costs,

proposed implementing agency and possible mode of funding are summarised in the Table 27Error!

eference source not found..

Table 27: Project Identification, Block Cost Estimate, Implementation and Funding

Location Project Indicative

cost in Rs.

crore

Implementing

Agency

Mode of

Funding

Existing

Schemes

Kozhikode District

Vadakara sand

banks beach

Development of

Tourism Information

Centre

0.2 DoT Public MoT / GoK

Provision of public

conveniences / e-toilets

(5) and changing rooms


Life guards watch tower

and cabin


Drinking water facility 0.05 DoT Public MoT / GoK

Solid waste

management and

collection of waste on

beach


Upgrading kiosks for

food and beverages in

the area managed by the

municipal corporation


Lighting 0.5 DoT Public MoT / GoK

Signage 0.05 DoT Public MoT / GoK

Kappad beach Provision of public




Development of tourist

information centre



and cabin



Solid waste

management and


beach


Page | 55


cost in Rs.

crore

Implementing

Agency

Mode of

Funding

Existing

Schemes

Kiosks for food and

beverages


Upgrading parking

facilities




Kozhikode beach Provision of public


(10) and changing

rooms



and cabin



Solid waste

management and


beach




S.M. Street,

Kozhikode

Development of

pedestrian street

5 DoT Public MoT

Improvement of facade

and environment

5 DoT Public MoT

Provision of public

convenience / e-toilets

(2)


Lighting 2 DoT Public MoT / GoK


Canoly Canal Connecting Canoly

canal to Kappad and

development of tourism

facilities

15 DoT Public MoT / GoK

Beypore Drinking water facility 0.05 DoT Public MoT / GoK

Provision of public


(10) and changing

rooms


Solid waste

management and


beach



and cabins


Page | 56


cost in Rs.

crore

Implementing

Agency

Mode of

Funding

Existing

Schemes

Speed boat rides & para

sailing on the lines of

beaches of Goa by

private operators

2 DoT PPP MoT / GoK



Kadalundi Trekking trails near the

mangroves

0.1 DoT / Dept of

forest

Public MoT / GoK

Tower for bird

watching


Boating activities on the

side away from the bird

sanctuary towards the

tidal mouth

2 DoT / Dept of

forest

PPP MoT / GoK

Provision of seating and

pedestrian pathways in

sunset point below the

Kadalundi bridge


Hot air balloon for

aerial view of tidal

mouth and the bird

sanctuary

1.5 DoT / Dept of

forest

PPP MoT / GoK

Provision of public


(5)

0.3 DoT / Dept of

forest

Public MoT / GoK



Sarovaram

Biopark

Development of

proposed bio-park with

tourist facilities, bird

sanctuary, aquarium,

boating facilities,

interpretation centre etc


Kakkayam Improvement of 3 km

single lane road from

main highway

0.5 PWD Public GoK

Development of

parking space in 0.1

acres

0.2 DoT PPP GoK

Up-gradation of

existing tourism

information centre


Provision of kiosks for

food and beverages

0.1 DoT PPP MoT / GoK

Provision of public

convenience / e-toilets

(2)


Page | 57


cost in Rs.

crore

Implementing

Agency

Mode of

Funding

Existing

Schemes

Pedestrian walkway and

landscaping at view

points


Development of

trekking trails along

selected routes

0.2 DoT / Dept of

forest

Public MoT / GoK

Peruvannamoozhi

dam

Improvement of

approach road of 2 km

to dam site

0.3 Dept of irrigation /

DoT

Public GoK

Kuttichira Cleaning and

restoration of pond and

surroundings


Construction of granite

paved pathways, paved

yards around mosque


Lighting 1.5 DoT Public GoK

Conservation of

mosque and

surrounding heritage

structures


Thusharagiri falls Development of eco-

lodges with 20 rooms

2 DoT PPP MoT / GoK

Development of

caravan park


Development of

camping sites at 3

locations


Development of

hanging bridge at

Arippara


Iringal Craft

Village

Interpretation centre

and meeting hall


Craft resort with

accommodation

facilities for 40 persons

4 DoT PPP MoT / GoK

Malappuram District

Ponnani Cultural centre with

library, museum in 1

acre out of the 7 acres

of identified revenue

land

2 DoT Public GoK

Page | 58


cost in Rs.

crore

Implementing

Agency

Mode of

Funding

Existing

Schemes

Development of

cultural resort (min 20

rooms) with space for

performing arts, artisan

quarters (10),

restaurants, childrens

play area

commemorating the

history and culture of

Ponnani and Malabar in

6 acres out of 7 acres of

identified revenue land

10 DoT PPP

Thirunavaya Sound and light show &

martial arts

performance

commemorating events

such as the Mamankam

on the historical site on

the banks of the

Bharathapuzha.


Vandoor Development of

edutainment park


Karuvankundu Development of eco-

park and adventure

trails at Karuvarakundu


Malappuram Riverside boating

center with boating

facilities, children‟s

play area, park, food &

beverage facilities etc.


Augumenting facilities

at Kottakunnu including

public convenience / e-

toilets (5), landscaping

etc


Beeyam Kayal Development of

Beeyam Kayal into a

water sports centre


Padinjarakkara

beach

Provision of public





and cabin



Solid waste

management and


beach


Upgrading kiosks for

food and beverages in

the area


Page | 59


cost in Rs.

crore

Implementing

Agency

Mode of

Funding

Existing

Schemes


Kadampuzha

Temple

Pilgrim Facilitation

centre


Multiple Pilgrim Facilitation

centre (3 Nos) - centres

at important Mosques

such as Mumburum,

Valiya Juma Masjid,

Pazhayangadi mosque

etc


Waterway Improvement of

waterways and

providing tourist

facilities

10 Irrigation/DoT Public MoT / GoK

Chamravattom

regulator bridge

Development of Picnic

Spot at chamravattom


Wayanad District

Pookot lake Public conveniences

provided to be

enhanced through

means such as e-toilets

(5 nos)


Improvement of current

parking facilities


Renovation and

development of

walkways & street

furniture


Lighting and signage 1.5 DoT Public MoT / GoK

Watershed conservation 0.5 DoT Public MoT / GoK

Soochipara

waterfalls

Current parking space

to be up-graded and

enhanced


Edakkal caves Up-gradation of current

single lane road of

around 2 km


Erection of stainless

steel staircases along

alternative pathway for

exit from caves in

addition to current path


Karapuzha dam Up-grading current

single lane road of

around 3 km form main

highway


Provision of parking

space in around 1.5

acres of land

1 DoT PPP MoT / GoK

Page | 60


cost in Rs.

crore

Implementing

Agency

Mode of

Funding

Existing

Schemes

Tourist Facilitation

centre with amenities

and Public

conveniences/ e-toilets

(5)


Development of

landscaped area with

seating facilities,

children‟s play area &

equipments in the dam

site in around 1.00 acre


Development of

Convention and

performance centre

5 DoT PPP MoT / GoK

Development of boating

facilities in the reservoir

along with jetty


Provision of kiosks for

food and beverages


Provision of signage in

the dam site


Waste management

including segregating

and disposal


Development of a

ropeway over the dam

site

2 DoT PPP MoT / GoK

Development of

dancing fountain


Wayanad heritage

museum

Improvement and up-

gradation works

including non-

functional auditorium

and new audio-visual

equipment for movies

aimed at tourists. Other

improvements could be

2-3 kiosks for food &

beverages for tourists.

3 DoT PPP MoT / GoK

Pazhassi Park at

Mananthavady

Development of theme

park at Pazhassi park

3 DoT PPP MoT / GoK

Development of

heritage park at

Pazhassi Kudeeram


Panamaram Development of ethnic

street with tribal

products, handicrafts

etc


Development of

convention facilities

4 DoT PPP MoT / GoK

Page | 61


cost in Rs.

crore

Implementing

Agency

Mode of

Funding

Existing

Schemes

Banasura dam Development of tourist

facilities and water

sports facilities


Adventure

facilities

Development of

camping sites,

equipment, trekking

facilities, base camps

etc at adventure spots

in Wayanad identified

by the DoT & Forest

Department

3 DoT / Forest Public MoT / GoK

Kannur District

Muzhuppilangad

beach

Improvement of

approach road of 1.5

km


Provision of public


(5)


Up-gradation of current

information centre and

cafeteria



and cabin



Solid waste

management and


beach


Kiosks for food and

beverages


Upgrading parking

facilities


St.Anjelo‟s fort Current approach road

to be improved

0.2 PWD Public MoT / GoK

Provision of public


(3) outside the fort

premises


Parking area expansion 0.1 DoT Public MoT / GoK

Kiosks for provision of

food and beverages


Training and capacity

building of guides


Sound and light show

focusing on history of

St. Anjelo‟s fort

3.5 ASI / DoT Public MoT / GoK

Improvement of

approach road


Page | 62


cost in Rs.

crore

Implementing

Agency

Mode of

Funding

Existing

Schemes

Provision of public


(3) outside the fort

premises


Payyambalam

beach

Improvement of

approach road of

around 2 km


Provision of public


(10) and changing

rooms


Solid waste

management and


beach


Meenkunnu beach Improvement of

approach road of

around 2 km


Provision of public




Pythal Mala Widening and

improvement of the

approach road of 2 km

0.5 PWD / DoT Public MoT / GoK

Expansion of parking

area to 0.5 acre near the

DoT resort


Pedestrian pathway

along selected stretches

of Pythalmala


Provision of public


(5)


Pazhassi dam Ropeway project across

the dam site (1 km

long)

15 DoT PPP MoT / GoK

Arakkal palace Conservation of the

remaining portion of the

Arakkal palace in

addition to the current

portion

2.5 DoT / Dept of

Culture

Public MoT / GoK

Dharmadam

Island

Development of eco-

resort on island

20 DoT PPP MoT / GoK

Kasargode District

Bekal Tourism information

centre in 0.22 acres near

Bekal fort

0.25 BRDC Public MoT / GoK

Sound and light show

at Bekal fort

3 BRDC / ASI Public MoT / GoK

Page | 63


cost in Rs.

crore

Implementing

Agency

Mode of

Funding

Existing

Schemes

Development of

cultural complex with

museum, library,

information center,

amphitheatre, space for

performing arts, sale of

ethnic products,

children‟s play area etc.

3 BRDC Public MoT / GoK

Development of a

Tourism Interpretation

Centre cum Information

Centre at Bekal of

around 20,000 square

feet in 1.03 acres under

BRDC

2 BRDC or PWD Public MoT / GoK

Improvement and

development of

connecting roads from

SH-57 at Kottakunnu

junction and Pallikara

level crossing to the

Bekal fort area.

1 BRDC or PWD Public MoT / GoK

Improvement of NH-66

connecting Mangalore

airport to Bekal fort

area from Thalapady to

Bekal. Road length of

around 48 km.

28 NHAI / PWD Public NHAI / GoK

Waste disposal facility 1 BRDC Public MoT / GoK

Valiyaparamba

backwaters

Expansion of existing

houseboat terminal

facility for providing

parking for 16-20

houseboats. purpose

8 BRDC Public MoT / GoK

Ranipuram Up-gradation of

approach road of

around 10 km

2 PWD Public GoK

Provision of pedestrian

pathways


Tourist information

cum amenity centre

with public


(5)


Development of eco-

camps (10) for tourists.

Site needs to be

identified based on

discussions between the

DoT & department of

forests.

1 DoT PPP

Page | 64


cost in Rs.

crore

Implementing

Agency

Mode of

Funding

Existing

Schemes

Development of kiosks

for providing water and

food

0.2 DoT Public GoK

Development of

trekking trails along

identified routes in

Ranipuram

0.1 DoT/ Dept of

Forest

Public GoK

Kappil beach Public conveniences / e-

toilets (5) and changing

rooms



and cabin



Solid waste

management and


beach


Information signage 0.05 DoT Public MoT / GoK

Kiosks for food and

beverages


Up-gradation of parking

facilities


TOTAL 255.9 Cr.

6.1 Breakup of the Projects

The total preliminary block cost estimate for the infrastructure development proposed in Circuit 1 is

Rs. 255.9 crore. The breakup of the indicative project costs for the proposed projects in terms of

funding sources are summarised below:

Public sector – Rs. 174.1 Crore

Private sector / PPP- Rs. 81.8 Crore

Page | 65

Table 28: PPP Bifurcation of the Identified Projects Location Project Indicative

cost in

Rs. crore

Implementing

Agency

Existing

Schemes

Public

Funding

Private

Investment

Kozhikode District

Beypore Speed boat rides &

para sailing on the

lines of beaches of

Goa by private

operators

2 DoT MoT /

GoK

0.5 1.5

Kadalundi Boating activities on

the side away from

the bird sanctuary

towards the tidal

mouth

2 DoT / Dept of

forest

MoT /

GoK

0.5 1.5

Hot air balloon for

aerial view of tidal

mouth and the bird

sanctuary

1.5 DoT / Dept of

forest

MoT /

GoK

0.375 1.125

Kakkayam Development of

parking space in 0.1

acres

0.2 DoT GoK 0.05 0.15

Provision of kiosks

for food and

beverages

0.1 DoT MoT /

GoK

0.025 0.075

Thusharagiri

falls

Development of eco-

lodges with 20 rooms

2 DoT MoT /

GoK

0.5 1.5

Development of

camping sites at 3

locations

1.2 DoT MoT /

GoK

0.3 0.9

Iringal Craft

Village

Craft resort with

accommodation

facilities for 40

persons

4 DoT MoT /

GoK

1 3

Malappuram District

Ponnani Development of

cultural resort (min 20

rooms) with space for

performing arts,

artisan quarters (10),

restaurants, childrens

play area

commemorating the

history and culture of

Ponnani and Malabar

in 6 acres out of 7

acres of identified

revenue land

10 DoT 2.5 7.5

Wayanad District

Karapuzha

dam

Provision of parking

space in around 1.5

acres of land

1 DoT MoT /

GoK

0.25 0.75

Development of

Convention and

performance centre

5 DoT MoT /

GoK

1.25 3.75

Page | 66


cost in

Rs. crore

Implementing

Agency

Existing

Schemes

Public

Funding

Private

Investment

Provision of kiosks

for food and

beverages

0.2 DoT MoT /

GoK

0.05 0.15

Development of a

ropeway over the dam

site

2 DoT MoT /

GoK

0.5 1.5

Wayanad

heritage

museum

Improvement and up-

gradation works

including non-

functional auditorium

and new audio-visual

equipment for movies

aimed at tourists.

Other improvements

could be 2-3 kiosks

for food & beverages

for tourists.

3 DoT MoT /

GoK

0.75 2.25

Pazhassi Park

at

Mananthavady

Development of

theme park at

Pazhassi park

3 DoT MoT /

GoK

0.75 2.25

Development of

heritage park at

Pazhassi Kudeeram

1.5 DoT MoT /

GoK

0.375 1.125

Panamaram Development of

convention facilities

4 DoT MoT /

GoK

1 3

Banasura dam Development of

tourist facilities and

water sports facilities

3 DoT MoT /

GoK

0.75 2.25

Kannur District

St.Anjelo’s

fort

Kiosks for provision

of food and beverages

0.1 DoT MoT /

GoK

0.025 0.075

Pazhassi dam Ropeway project

across the dam site (1

km long)

15 DoT MoT /

GoK

3.75 11.25

Dharmadam

island

Development of eco-

resort on island

20 DoT MoT /

GoK

5 15

Kasargode District

Ranipuram Development of eco-

camps (10) for

tourists. Site needs to

be identified based on

discussions between

the DoT &

department of forests.

1 DoT 0.25 0.75

Total 81.8 20.45 61.35

Within the Public Private Partnership projects 20.45 Crores can be facilitated from Public Funds and

61.35 Crores from Private Investments.

Page | 67

6.2 Employment Generation

The proposed investments at tourist destinations and circuit are expected to generate employment.

These employment figures have been estimated on a district level because of the direct and indirect

nature of employment generation from these investments. To estimate the number of employment

generated an investment multiplier of 78 jobs per million investments is taken. The employment

generation district-wise and due to projects proposed across districts in the priority Tourism Circuit is

presented in the Table 29:

Table 29: Estimated Employment Generation in the Circuit

Employment Generation

District Expected Employment Generation

Kozhikide District 48828

Mallapuram District 38142

Wayanad District 36348

Kannur District 36387

Kasarkode District 39897

Total Expected Employment Generation 199602

Page | 68

Annexure 1: Destination Tourism Clusters in Kerala

Page | 69

Annexure – II: Tourist Infrastructure Assessment

1. Kozhikode- Malappuram Sub-Circuit

Route Kozhikode - Vadakara Kozhikode - Kappad Kozhikode - Peruvannamuzhi

Destination Vadakara Kappad beach Peruvannamuzhi dam site

Enroute/Onsite Parameters Components Rating Remarks Rating Remarks Rating Remarks

Enroute Distance in km 48 18 53

En-route

Approach Road

Quality (A-C) B NH-66 connects Kozhikode

to Vadakara. Overall road

quality is good with patches

of the road where road

quality needs to be

improved. Traffic congestion

is an issue due to heavy

traffic on 2 lane road.

B NH-66 connects Kozhikode to

Kappad beach. Overall road

quality is good with patches of

the road where road quality

needs to be improved. Traffic

congestion is an issue due to

heavy traffic on 2 lane road.

B SH-38 connects Kozhikode to

Kakkayam with actual site

being accessed through a

narrow single lane road. Single

lane road is in dilapidated

condition with significant need

for up gradation.

Type of Road(metalled, unmetalled) Metalled Metalled Metalled

Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) NH NH, SH,MDR MDR

Lanes 2 2 2 lane and single lane

Riding Quality (A-E) C C C

Enroute

Transport Modes Used by tourists Private Taxis, Auto

rickshaws, Kerala State

Road Transport

Corporation (KSRTC) and

private bus Buses.

There are plenty of private

bus services plying between

Kozhikode to Vadakara.

KSRTC also plies long

distance services which

connect Kozhikode to

Vadakara.

Private Taxis, Auto


Road Transport

Corporation (KSRTC)

and private bus Buses.

Mainly private bus services

plying between Kozhikode to

Kappad as well as auto

rickshaws.

Private taxis, private

buses and KSRTC bus

services

Bus services to the destination

are not provided. Hence tourists

mostly depend on personal

vehicles or taxis.

(more specific to

transport access to

tourist destinations from

various parts of city)

Availability (A-C) B B C

Enroute

Wayside Amenities

Restaurants availability C Wayside amenities & hotels

are available with a number

of budget restaurants

available throughout

B Wayside amenities, tourist

resorts & hotels are available

with a number of budget

restaurants available

throughout.

C Budget wayside amenities &

restaurants are available with

limited food options

Petrol Pump/ Service Centre

availability

B Sufficient facilities available

along the main road routes

and junctions


along the main road routes and

junctions



junctions

Public Convenience availability C The need is fulfilled mostly

by Public Conveniences

provided by private wayside

restaurants etc. Quality of

facilities is highly variable

ranging from good to very

poor.

C The need is fulfilled mostly by

Public Conveniences provided

by private wayside restaurants

etc. Quality of facilities is

highly variable ranging from

good to very poor.

C Limited facilities for public

conveniences in private

wayside amenities and

restaurants. Quality of facilities

is highly variable ranging from

good to very poor.

Enroute Direction Signages Sufficiency (A-C) B Sufficient signages are

available for the important

road routes and junctions in

mostly English, Malayalam

and some Hindi

B Sufficient signage are available

for the important road routes

and junctions in mostly English,

Malayalam and some Hindi

B Adequate signage available for

the important road routes and

junctions in mostly English,

Malayalam. Need for more

signages along the approach

road to destination.

(Inside the city to

directing the tourist

destinations)

Languages English & Malayalam English & Malayalam English & Malayalam

On Site Land ownership of the

Site

No specific site for

development

Public beach and

private beach resorts

Department of

Irrigation, Kerala

City/Town

Accommodatio Type Motel Aaram operated by

KTDC at Vadakara.

Private resorts & hotels

in Kappad , hotels in

Kozhikode

Current demand is catered to by

existing supply. However there

is a need for more quality

accommodation facilities for

high end tourists near Kappad

beach

Private home stays and

budget hotels near the

dam site

Destination is a day –trip from

Kozhikode with limited demand

for accommodation. Potential

for more homestays / quality

accommodation for tourists. Capacity C - -

Bed Occupancy C - -

Sufficiency (A-C) C B C

On Site Drinking Water facility Availability (A-C) C B Currently drinking water

facility is available in

C Currently drinking water

facility is only available from Quality(A-C) B B B

Page | 70

Route Kozhikode - Vadakara Kozhikode - Kappad Kozhikode - Peruvannamuzhi

Destination Vadakara Kappad beach Peruvannamuzhi dam site


restaurants & resorts and

retailed packaged water.

restaurants and retailed

packaged water.

On Site Solid Waste

Management

A-C C C Due to increase in domestic

tourists, current facilities such

as bins and garbage collection

mechanism need to be up-

graded.

C Limited facilities other than a

few bins.

On Site Electricity Supply (AC, Gen) AC, Gen AC, Gen Currently adequate but subject

to outages during the summer

AC, Gen

On Site

Parking

Sufficiency (A-C) B Parking facilities are available

at the beach and have been

upgraded recently

C Parking space available for

visitors.

Availability of Land for future

parking

Will have to be acquired Will have to be

acquired

Will have to be

acquired

Will need to be provided by the

Dept of Irrigation or acquired.

Area of this land (approx) - - -

On Site/or in

City

Tourist Information

Centers

Available(Y/N) N Y There is a tourism information

centre with basic information

provided

Y There is a tourism information

centre present with limited

information. Trained guides

may not be required.

Quality (A-C) - C C

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) E - -

On Site Information Signages Sufficiency (A-C) C C C

Languages English & Malayalam English & Malayalam English & Malayalam

On Site Seating/ Resting Sufficiency (A-C) C C C

Quality (A-C) C

C C

On Site Public Convenience Availability (A-C) C C Inadequate facilities to cater to

current visitor numbers

D Inadequate facilities to cater to


On Site

Shops/ Kiosks

Sufficiency (A-E) C C

C

Quality (A-C) C C C

On Site Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-C) C C C

Quality (A-C) C C D

Page | 71

Route Kozhikode to Kakkayam Kozhikode to Thusharagiri Kozhikode to Beypore

Destination Kakkayam dam site Thusharagiri waterfalls Beypore Beach



Enroute

Approach Road

Quality (A-C) B Access by Kozhikode-

Mysore- Kolegal road. Two

lane road with patches of the

road where road quality

needs to be improved.

Approach road to destination

has worn down and needs to

be up-graded.

B Access by Kozhikode-





Approach road to destination

needs to be up-graded.

B Access by Beypore road.

Two lane road with

patches of the road where

road quality needs to be

improved. Traffic

congestion on the main

road.

Type of Road(metalled,

unmetalled)

Metalled Metalled Metalled

Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) SH SH SH

Lanes 2 2 2


Enroute

Transport Modes Used by tourists Private taxis, private

buses and KSRTC bus

services

Bus services to the

destination are not provided.

Hence tourists mostly depend

on personal vehicles or taxis.

Private taxis,

private buses and

KSRTC bus

services

Bus services to the

destination are not provided.

Hence tourists mostly

depend on personal vehicles

or taxis

Private Taxis,

Auto rickshaws,

KSRTC and

private bus Buses.


bus services plying

between Kozhikode to

Beypore. In addition auto

rickshaws are also

available. (more specific to transport access to tourist

destinations from various parts of city)

Availability (A-C) D C B

Enroute

Wayside Amenities

Restaurants availability C Budget wayside amenities &






C Wayside amenities &

hotels are available with a

number of budget


throughout


Centre availability



and junctions



and junctions

B Sufficient facilities

available along the main

road routes and junctions

Public Convenience

availability

E Limited facilities for public



restaurants. Quality of



poor.

D Limited facilities for public






poor.

D The need is fulfilled

mostly by Public

Conveniences provided by

private wayside restaurants


highly variable ranging

from good to very poor.

Enroute

Direction Signages

(Inside the city to directing the tourist

destinations)

Sufficiency (A-C) C C C Sufficient signages are



in mostly English,

Malayalam and some

Hindi

Languages English and Malayalam Adequate signage available


and junctions in mostly

English, Malayalam. Need

for more signages along the

approach road to destination.

English and

Malayalam

Adequate signage available






English and

Malayalam

On Site Land ownership of the Site KSEB ( Kerala State

Electricity Board) &

Department of Forests,

Kerala

Department of

Forests, Kerala

Beypore Port and

DTPC Kozhikode

City/Town

Accommodation

Type No accommodation facilities

available

No accommodation

facilities available

Hotels, resorts

and homestays

Current demand is catered

to by existing supply as the

destination is within the

Kozhikode urban area.

Capacity E D C

Bed Occupancy E D

Sufficiency (A-C) E D C

On Site

Drinking Water facility

Availability (A-C) E Limited options for packaged

drinking water facility

D Currently only packaged

drinking water facility is



Page | 72

Route Kozhikode to Kakkayam Kozhikode to Thusharagiri Kozhikode to Beypore

Destination Kakkayam dam site Thusharagiri waterfalls Beypore Beach


Quality(A-C) E available. D only available.

C restaurants & resorts and

retailed packaged water in

kiosks.

On Site Solid Waste Management A-C E No facilities available D A few bins around the first

waterfall

D Due to increase in

domestic tourists, current

facilities such as bins and

garbage collection

mechanism may need to be

enhanced.

On Site Electricity Supply (AC, Gen) AC, Gen AC, Gen AC, Gen Currently adequate but

subject to outages during

the summer

On Site

Parking

Sufficiency (A-C) E Limited parking space

available.

C Limited parking space

available.

C Parking facilities are

available at the beach and

have been upgraded

recently


future parking

Will have to be

acquired

Will have to be

acquired or set

aside by Dept of

Forests

Will have to be

acquired


On Site/or in City

Tourist Information Centers Available(Y/N) Y Tourism information center

is available with limited

information

Y Tourist information center is

available

N There is a tourism

information centre with

basic information provided Quality (A-C) C C -

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) - -

On Site

Information Signages Sufficiency (A-C) D B C

Languages English & Malayalam

English &

Malayalam

-

On Site

Seating/ Resting

Sufficiency (A-C) E D

C

Quality (A-C) E C C

On Site Public Convenience Availability (A-C) E D C Inadequate facilities to

cater to current visitor

numbers

On Site

Shops/ Kiosks

Sufficiency (A-E) E D C

Quality (A-C) E D C

On Site

Street Lighting

Sufficiency (A-C) E D C

Quality (A-C) E D C

Page | 73

Route Kozhikode to Feroke Kozhikode to Kadalundi Kozhikode to Tirurangadi

Destination Tipu’s Fort Kadalundi bird sanctuary Tirurangadi



Enroute

Approach Road

Quality (A-C) B Access by Kallai road from

Kozikode city center.

Heavy congestion on main

road.

B Access from Kozhikode by

Kadalundi road or NH-66

B The Access from

Kozhikode by NH-66


unmetalled)


Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) SH NH / SH NH

Lanes 2 2 2


Enroute


rickshaws, KSRTC)

and private bus

Buses.


bus services plying



rickshaws are also

available.

Private Taxis, Auto

rickshaws, KSRTC

and private bus

Buses.

There are private bus

services plying between

Kozhikode to Beypore.

Other modes are personal

vehicles or private taxis

Private Taxis,

Auto rickshaws,

KSRTC and

private bus Buses.



Kozhikode to Tirurangadi.


vehicles or private taxis. (more specific to transport access to tourist


Availability (A-C) B C C

Enroute

Wayside Amenities

Restaurants availability C Wayside amenities &


number of budget


throughout

C Wayside amenities & hotels






number of budget


throughout


Centre availability






and junctions




Public Convenience

availability

D The need is fulfilled mostly


provided by private

wayside restaurants etc.

Quality of facilities is









poor.


mostly by Public






Enroute

Direction Signages Sufficiency (A-C) B Sufficient signages are



in mostly English,

Malayalam and some

Hindi

B Adequate signages are




and some Hindi




in mostly English,

Malayalam and some

Hindi


destinations)

Languages English and

Malayalam

English and

Malayalam

English and

Malayalam

On Site Land ownership of the Site ASI Department of forest Private

City/Town

Accommodation

Type C Hotels, resorts and

homestays in Kozhikode

and around the destination

C Hotels, resorts and

homestays in Kozhikode and

around the destination

C Budget hotels and

homestays around

Tirurangadi town

Capacity C Current demand is catered


destination is in proximity


C Current demand is catered to

by existing supply as the


Kozhikode urban area. More

home stays and resorts to be

promoted to provide

accommodation for high –

end tourists

C

Bed Occupancy

Sufficiency (A-C) C C

On Site

Drinking Water facility Availability (A-C) C Currently drinking water


C Currently packaged drinking

water is available

C Currently packaged

drinking water is available Quality(A-C) C C C

Page | 74





retailed packaged water

On Site Solid Waste Management A-C D Currently no facilities

provided.

B Additional facilities required

to provide for increasing

tourist flow

D

On Site Electricity Supply (AC, Gen) AC, Gen AC, Gen AC, Gen

On Site Parking Sufficiency (A-C) D Limited parking facilities C Currently people park along

the roadside.

D Limited parking facility


future parking

Will have to be

acquired

Will have to be

acquired

Will have to be

acquired


On Site/or in

City

Tourist Information Centers Available(Y/N) N Need for a tourist

information center


available

N

Quality (A-C) - B -

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) E - E

On Site Information Signages Sufficiency (A-C) C B Adequate signage available C

Languages - - English & Malayalam -

On Site Seating/ Resting Sufficiency (A-C) C C

C

Quality (A-C) C C C

On Site Public Convenience Availability (A-C) D No facilities

E

D

Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E) C D C

Quality (A-C) C B C

On Site Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-C) B D

C

Quality (A-C) B D C

Page | 75





Enroute

Approach Road

Quality (A-C) B Access by Kallai road from

Kozikode city center.

Heavy congestion on main

road.

B Access from Kozhikode by

Kadalundi road or NH-66

B The Access from

Kozhikode by NH-66


unmetalled)


Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) SH NH / SH NH

Lanes 2 2 2


Enroute


rickshaws, KSRTC)

and private bus

Buses.


bus services plying



rickshaws are also

available.

Private Taxis, Auto

rickshaws, KSRTC

and private bus

Buses.



Kozhikode to Beypore.


vehicles or private taxis

Private Taxis,

Auto rickshaws,

KSRTC and

private bus Buses.



Kozhikode to Tirurangadi.


vehicles or private taxis. (more specific to transport access to tourist



Enroute Wayside Amenities Restaurants availability C Wayside amenities &


number of budget


throughout







number of budget


throughout


Centre availability






and junctions




Public Convenience

availability



provided by private

wayside restaurants etc.

Quality of facilities is









poor.


mostly by Public






Enroute

Direction Signages Sufficiency (A-C) B Sufficient signages are



in mostly English,

Malayalam and some

Hindi





and some Hindi




in mostly English,

Malayalam and some

Hindi


destinations)


Malayalam

English and

Malayalam

English and

Malayalam

On Site Land ownership of the Site ASI Department of forest Private

City/Town

Accommodation

Type C Hotels, resorts and

homestays in Kozhikode

and around the destination

C Hotels, resorts and

homestays in Kozhikode and


C Budget hotels and

homestays around

Tirurangadi town

Capacity C Current demand is catered




C Current demand is catered to

by existing supply as the


Kozhikode urban area. More

home stays and resorts to be

promoted to provide

accommodation for high –

end tourists

C

Bed Occupancy

Sufficiency (A-C) C C

On Site

Drinking Water facility Availability (A-C) C Currently drinking water



water is available

C Currently packaged

drinking water is available Quality(A-C) C C C

Page | 76





retailed packaged water

On Site Solid Waste Management A-C D Currently no facilities

provided.

B Additional facilities required

to provide for increasing

tourist flow

D


On Site Parking Sufficiency (A-C) D Limited parking facilities C Currently people park along

the roadside.

D Limited parking facility


future parking

Will have to be

acquired

Will have to be

acquired

Will have to be

acquired


On Site/or in

City

Tourist Information Centers Available(Y/N) N Need for a tourist

information center


available

N

Quality (A-C) - B -

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) E - E

On Site Information Signages Sufficiency (A-C) C B Adequate signage available C

Languages - - English & Malayalam -

On Site Seating/ Resting Sufficiency (A-C) C C

C

Quality (A-C) C C C

On Site Public Convenience Availability (A-C) D No facilities

E

D

Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E) C D C

Quality (A-C) C B C

On Site Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-C) B D

C

Quality (A-C) B D C

Page | 77

Route Kozhikode to Tirur Kozhikode to Ponnani Kozhikode to Thirunavaya

Destination Tirur (Thunjan Parambu) Ponnani (Biyam Kayal) Thirunavaya



Enroute Approach Road Quality (A-C) B The Access from Kozhikode

by NH-66 with some

patches of road requiring up-

gradation

B The Access from Kozhikode by

NH-66 and Tirur-Kadalundi

road with some patches of road

requiring up-gradation.

B The Access from Kozhikode

by NH-66 with some


gradation


unmetalled)


Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) NH NH, SH NH, SH

Lanes 2 2 2


Enroute Transport Modes Used by tourists . There are private bus

services and KSRTC


Kozhikode to Tirur. Other

modes are personal vehicles

or private taxis. In addition

train services are available

between Kozhikode and

Tirur railway station

There are private bus services

and KSRTC services plying

between Kozhikode to Ponnani.


vehicles or private taxis. Auto

rickshaws can be used for local

conveyance from Ponnani town.

Nearest railway station at

Kuttipuram- 21 km


services and KSRTC


Kozhikode to Thirunavaya.


vehicles or private taxis.

Auto rickshaws can be used

for local conveyance from

Tirur town or Thirunavaya..

(more specific to transport

access to tourist

destinations from various

parts of city)

Availability (A-C) C C C

Enroute

Wayside Amenities

Restaurants availability C Wayside amenities & hotels




C Wayside amenities & hotels are

available with a number of

budget restaurants available

throughout





Petrol Pump/ Service Centre

availability



and junctions



junctions



and junctions

Public Convenience

availability







poor.

D The need is fulfilled mostly by





good to very poor.







poor.

Enroute

Direction Signages Sufficiency (A-C) B Adequate signages are




and some Hindi

B Adequate signages are available


and junctions in mostly English,

Malayalam.




mostly English, Malayalam. (Inside the city to directing

the tourist destinations)


Malayalam

English and

Malayalam

English and

Malayalam

On Site Land ownership of the Site Thunchan Memorial

Trust

DTPC

Malappuram

Thirunavaya

temple trust

City/Town

Accommodation

Type

Budget hotels and homestays

around Tirur town. Higher

quality accommodation such

as hotels / homestays

required to target higher end

tourists

Department of

forest, DTPC

Budget hotels and homestays

around Ponnani town. Higher

quality accommodation such as

hotels / homestays required to

target higher end tourists

Limited accommodation

around Thirunavaya as

budget hotels and a small

number of homestays.

Capacity B B B

Bed Occupancy B B B

Page | 78

Route Kozhikode to Tirur Kozhikode to Ponnani Kozhikode to Thirunavaya

Destination Tirur (Thunjan Parambu) Ponnani (Biyam Kayal) Thirunavaya


Sufficiency (A-C) B B B

On Site

Drinking Water facility

Availability (A-C) C Currently retailed packaged


available apart from

restaurants and hotels

C Currently retailed packaged


available apart from restaurants

and hotels

C Retailed package drinking

water

Quality(A-C) B B B

On Site Solid Waste Management A-C B Adequate to meet current

visitors

D Facilities to be up-graded to

meet increased visitors

D

On Site Electricity Supply (AC, Gen) AC, Gen AC, Gen

On Site

Parking

Sufficiency (A-C) C Limited parking space which

may need to be increased if

visitor numbers rise

C Parking facilities available C Currently people park on the

roadside.


future parking

C Will have to be

acquired.

Will have to be

acquired

Area of this land (approx) Land may be

required to be

acquired

On Site/or in City

Tourist Information

Centers

Available(Y/N) Information centre and

guides are available for

visitors

Y Tourist information center

available

N

Quality (A-C) Y B -

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) - - E

On Site

Information Signages

Sufficiency (A-C) A B C


Malayalam

English and

Malayalam

-

On Site

Seating/ Resting

Sufficiency (A-C) C D D

Quality (A-C) B D D

On Site Public Convenience Availability (A-C) C Limited facilities to cater to

existing visitor numbers

D Facilities may be up-graded to

provide for more visitor

numbers

D

On Site

Shops/ Kiosks

Sufficiency (A-E) - C -

Quality (A-C) - C -

On Site

Street Lighting

Sufficiency (A-C) C C C

Quality (A-C) C C C

Page | 79

Route Kozhikode to Kottakal Kozhikode to Kondotty Kozhikode to Vandoor

Destination Kottakal Kondotty Vandoor

Enroute/

Onsite

Parameters Components Rating Remarks Rating Remarks Rating Remarks


Enroute Approach Road Quality (A-C) B The Access from Kozhikode

by NH-66 with some patches

of road requiring up-

gradation

B The Access from Kozhikode by

Palghat- Kozhikode road with some

patches of road requiring up-gradation

SH The Access from Kozhikode

by SH 24 & 34 with some


gradation


unmetalled)


Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) NH, SH SH and town roads SH

Lanes 2 2 2


Enroute Transport Modes Used by tourists Private Buses, Auto

rikshaw, KSRTC buses




Kottakal. Other modes are

personal vehicles or private

taxis. Auto rickshaws can be

used for local conveyance

within Kottakal.

Private Buses, Auto rikshaw,

KSRTC buses

There are private bus services and

KSRTC services plying between

Kozhikode to Kondotti. Other modes are

personal vehicles or private taxis. Auto

rickshaws can be used for local

conveyance within Kondotti. Kondotti is

also 6 km from the international airport

at Karipur

Private Buses, Auto

rikshaw, KSRTC

buses




Vandoor . Other modes are

personal vehicles or private

taxis. (more specific to

transport access to

tourist destinations

from various parts

of city)


Enroute Wayside Amenities Restaurants availability C Wayside amenities & hotels





available with a number of budget

restaurants available throughout

D Limited number of wayside

amenities and budget

restaurants available.


Centre availability



and junctions

B Sufficient facilities available along the

main road routes and junctions



and junctions

Public Convenience

availability







poor.

D The need is fulfilled mostly by Public

Conveniences provided by private

wayside restaurants etc. Quality of

facilities is highly variable ranging from

good to very poor.






good to very poor.

Enroute

Direction Signages Sufficiency (A-C) B Adequate signages are



mostly English, Malayalam.

B Adequate signages are available for the

important road routes and junctions in






(Inside the city to


destinations)

Languages English and Malayalam English and Malayalam English and

Malayalam

On Site Land ownership of

the Site

Kottakal Arya Vaidya

Sala

Pazhayangadi Mosque trust Vandoor sivan

temple trust

City/

Town

Accommodation Type Limited accommodation

around Kottakal as budget

hotels and a small number of

home stays. In addition the

Arya Vaidya Sala has

facilities for people receiving

ayurvedic treatment.

There is a KTDC budget hotel.

Otherwise limited accommodation

around Kondotti as budget hotels and a

small number of home stays. In addition

the Arya Vaidya Sala has facilities for

people receiving ayurvedic treatment.

Limited accommodation

around Vandoor as budget

hotels and a small number of

home stays. Capacity C C C

Bed Occupancy C C C


On Site Drinking Water

facility

Availability (A-C) C Retailed package drinking

water

C Currently packaged drinking water is

available


water is available

Quality(A-C) C C C

Page | 80

Route Kozhikode to Kottakal Kozhikode to Kondotty Kozhikode to Vandoor

Destination Kottakal Kondotty Vandoor

Enroute/

Onsite

Parameters Components Rating Remarks Rating Remarks Rating Remarks

On Site Solid Waste

Management

A-C B B D Absence of SWM


On Site Parking Sufficiency (A-C) D Currently people park on the

roadside.

C Limited space available for parking.

D Currently people park on the

roadside.


future parking

Will have to be acquired Will have to be acquired Will have to be

acquired


On Site/or

in City

Tourist Information

Centers

Available(Y/N) N N N

Quality (A-C) - - -

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) E E E

On Site Information

Signages


Languages English and Malayalam - -

On Site

Seating/ Resting Sufficiency (A-C) C C C

Quality (A-C) C C C

On Site Public Convenience Availability (A-C) C C C

On Site Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E) - C B

Quality (A-C) - C C

On Site

Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-C) C C C

Quality (A-C) C C C

Page | 81

Route Kozhikode to Nilambur

Destination Nilambur (Connoly’s plantation, Adyan Para waterfalls)

Enroute/Onsite Parameters Components Rating Remarks

Enroute Distance in km 43

Enroute

Approach Road

Quality (A-C) Metalled

Access from Kozhikode by SH 24 & 34 .

Type of Road(metalled, unmetalled) SH

Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) 2

Lanes B

Riding Quality (A-E) C

Enroute

Transport

Private Taxis, Auto rickshaws, KSRTC and private

bus Buses.

There are private bus services plying between Kozhikode to Nilambur. Other modes

are personal vehicles or private taxis

(more specific to transport access to

tourist destinations from various

parts of city)

Modes Used by tourists B

Availability (A-C)

Enroute

Wayside Amenities

Restaurants availability C Wayside amenities & hotels are available along the route.

Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability B Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions

Public Convenience availability

C The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private wayside

restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from good to very

poor.

Enroute

Direction Signages Sufficiency (A-C)

English and Malayalam Adequate signage are available for the important road routes and junctions in mostly

English, Malayalam and some Hindi

(Inside the city to directing the

tourist destinations)

Languages

On Site Land ownership of the Site Department of forest

City/Town

Accommodation

Type

C

C

C

Hotels, resorts and homestays in and around Nilambur

Capacity Current demand is catered to by existing supply as the destination is in proximity

Kozhikode urban area. More home stays and resorts to be promoted to provide

accommodation for high –end tourists Bed Occupancy

Sufficiency (A-C)

On Site Drinking Water facility Availability (A-C) C Currently packaged drinking water is available

Quality(A-C) C

On Site Solid Waste Management A-C C Additional facilities required to provide for increasing tourist flow

On Site Electricity Supply (AC, Gen) AC, Gen

On Site Parking Sufficiency (A-C) C

Limited parking facilities. In addition people park by the road side

Availability of Land for future parking Will have to be acquired


On Site/or in City

Tourist Information Centers

Available(Y/N) Y

Tourist information center is available Quality (A-C) C

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) -

On Site Information Signages Sufficiency (A-C) B Adequate signage available in English & Malayalam

Languages -

On Site Seating/ Resting Sufficiency (A-C) C

Quality (A-C) C

On Site Public Convenience Availability (A-C) C

On Site Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E) D

Quality (A-C) C

On Site Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-C) C

Quality (A-C) C

Page | 82

2. Kozhikode- Wayanad Sub-Circuit

Route Kozhikode - Lakkidi Kozhikode - Pookot lake Kozhikode - Soochipara waterfall

Destination Lakkidi Pookot lake Soochipara waterfall



En-route

Approach Road

Quality (A-C) B Kozhikode- Mysore-

Kollegal road connects

Kozhikode to Lakkidi.

Overall road quality is good

with patches of the road

where road quality needs to

be improved.

B

Pookot lake is located 3 km

from Lakkidi with approach

road off Kozhikode- Mysore-

Kollegal road.

B

Kozhikode- Mysore- Kollegal road

connects Kozhikode to the destination.

Overall road quality is good with

patches of the road where road quality

needs to be improved


unmetalled)


Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) SH SH SH

Lanes 2 2 2


Enroute


Private Taxis, Auto

rickshaws, KSRTC

and private bus

Buses.


& KSRTC services plying


Lakkidi.

Private Taxis, Auto

rickshaws, KSRTC and

private bus Buses.



between Kozhikode to Lakkidi.

From Lakkidi auto-rickshaws

or taxis are required to reach

Pookot lake.

Private Taxis, Auto


private bus Buses.

There are private bus services &


Kozhikode to Kalpetta or Lakkidi

destination. From the towns, taxis are

required to reach waterfalls. (more specific to

transport access

to tourist

destinations from

various parts of

city)


Enroute

Wayside

Amenities Restaurants availability









throughout.


restaurants are available with limited

food options


Centre availability



and junctions



junctions



Public Convenience

availability

C The need is fulfilled mostly






poor.

C The need is fulfilled mostly by





good to very poor.

C Limited facilities for public

conveniences in private wayside

amenities and restaurants. Quality of

facilities is highly variable ranging


Enroute

Direction

Signages Sufficiency (A-C)

B Sufficient signages are




and some Hindi

B Sufficient signage are available



English, Malayalam and some

Hindi

B Adequate signage available for the


mostly English, Malayalam. Need for

more signages along the approach road

to destination.

(Inside the city to

directing the

tourist

destinations)

Languages

English &

Malayalam

English & Malayalam English & Malayalam

On Site

Land ownership

of the Site


development

DTPC Department of Forest,

Kerala


Private resorts &

homestays

Requirement for more

accommodation facilities and

home stays to meet demand

Private resorts & homestays Requirement for more



Private resorts &

homestays

Requirement for more accommodation

facilities and home stays to meet

demand

Capacity C C C

Bed Occupancy

C C C

Sufficiency (A-C)

C C C

On Site Drinking Water Availability (A-C) C Currently drinking water C Currently drinking water facility is

Page | 83

Route Kozhikode - Lakkidi Kozhikode - Pookot lake Kozhikode - Soochipara waterfall

Destination Lakkidi Pookot lake Soochipara waterfall


facility facility is available only available from restaurants and


Quality(A-C) C C

On Site

Solid Waste

Management A-C

C C Due to increase in domestic

tourists, current facilities such

as bins and garbage collection

mechanism need to be up-

graded.

C Limited facilities other than a few bins.

On Site Electricity Supply (AC, Gen)

AC, Gen AC, Gen Currently adequate but subject

to outages during the summer

AC, Gen

On Site Parking Sufficiency (A-C)

C C Parking space is available but

gets congested in peak season,

C Parking space available for visitors.


future parking

C Will have to be acquired Will have to be acquired Will need to be provided by the Dept

of Irrigation or acquired.


On Site/or in

City Tourist

Information

Centers

Available(Y/N)

Y Y

There is a tourism information

centre with basic information

provided

Y

There is a tourism information centre

present with limited information.. Quality (A-C) C C C

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) - - -

On Site

Information


B

B

B

Languages

English &

Malayalam


On Site Seating/ Resting Sufficiency (A-C)

B

C

C

Quality (A-C) C C C

On Site

Public

Convenience Availability (A-C)

C D Inadequate facilities to cater to


D Inadequate facilities to cater to current

visitor numbers

On Site Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E) C

D D

Quality (A-C) C

D D

On Site Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-C) C D D

Quality (A-C) C D D

Page | 84

Route Kozhikode to Chembra peak Kozhikode to Edakkal caves Kozhikode to Kalpetta

Destination Chembra peak Edakkal caves Jain temple



Enroute Approach Road Quality (A-C)

B Kozhikode- Mysore-

Kollegal road connects

Kozhikode to Meppadi from

where peak is located around

11 km away. Overall road



quality needs to be improved

B Kozhikode- Mysore- Kollegal road

connects Kozhikode to Kalpetta

from where destination is located

around 20 km away. Overall road

quality is good with patches of the

road where road quality needs to

be improved. Approach road is

narrow (1.5 lane) and requires up-

gradation

B

Kozhikode- Mysore- Kollegal

road connects Kozhikode to

Kalpetta


unmetalled)


Typology (NH/SH/

MDR)

SH SH SH

Lanes 2 2 2


Enroute


Private taxis,

private buses and

KSRTC bus

services




Kalpetta or Meppady. Need

to trek around 5 km from

Meppady to reach the peak

Private taxis, private buses

and KSRTC bus services



Kozhikode to Kalpetta. From

Kalpetta mostly depend on

personal vehicles or taxis

Private Taxis, Auto


Road Transport

Corporation (KSRTC)




Kozhikode to Kalpetta. Other

modes include private taxis and

personal vehicles

(more specific to

transport access to


from various parts

of city)


Enroute

Wayside













Centre availability



and junctions

B Sufficient facilities available along

the main road routes and junctions



junctions

Public Convenience

availability







poor.


Public Conveniences provided by

private wayside restaurants etc.

Quality of facilities is highly

variable ranging from good to very

poor.





variable ranging from good to

very poor.

Enroute Direction Signages Sufficiency (A-C)

B B A Sufficient signages are available

for the important road routes and



(Inside the city to

directing the

tourist

destinations) Languages

English and

Malayalam







English and Malayalam Adequate signage available for the

important road routes and



signages along the approach road

to destination.

English and Malayalam

On Site

Land ownership of

the Site

Department of

Forests, Kerala

ASI Beypore Port and DTPC

Kozhikode


Hotel, homestay and resorts

Hotel, homestay and resorts

Hotels, resorts and

homestays

Capacity C C C

Bed Occupancy

C C C

Sufficiency (A-C)

C C C

On Site Drinking Water Availability (A-C) C Need to carry water on C Currently only packaged drinking D

Page | 85

Route Kozhikode to Chembra peak Kozhikode to Edakkal caves Kozhikode to Kalpetta

Destination Chembra peak Edakkal caves Jain temple


facility trekking trail water facility is only available.

Quality(A-C)

C B C Currently drinking water facility

is available in restaurants &

resorts and retailed packaged

water in kiosks.

On Site

Solid Waste

Management A-C

B Plastic items are not allowed to be

discarded or taken up. Plastic

water bottles are taken up after

paying a charge and returned in

DTPC office.

D No facilities currently provided


AC, Gen AC, Gen Currently adequate but subject to

outages during the summer

On Site Parking Sufficiency (A-C) C C Limited parking space available. C Parking on main road


future parking

Will have to be acquired Will have to be acquired

Area of this land

(approx)

On Site/or in City Tourist

Information

Centers

Available(Y/N) Y

DTPC information center

provides guides and trekking

equipment

Y

Tourist information center is

available along with guides

N

Quality (A-C) C C -

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) Y B E

On Site

Information


B

B

B

Languages

English &

Malayalam

English & Malayalam English, & hindi Malayalam signs could also be

provided


C

C

C

Quality (A-C)

C C C

On Site

Public


C C C

On Site Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E) C C C

Quality (A-C) C C C

On Site Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-C) C D D

Quality (A-C) C D D

Page | 86

Route Kozhikode - Muthanga Kozhikode - Thirunelly Kozhikode - Begur

Destination Muthanga wildlife sanctuary Thirunelly temple Begur wildlife sanctuary



En-route Approach Road Quality (A-C) B Kozhikode- Mysore- Kollegal

road connects Kozhikode to

Sultan Bathery from where

destination is located around 15

km away. Overall road quality is

good with patches of the road

where road quality needs to be

improved

B

Access by Kozhikode-

Mysore- Kollegal road from

Kozhikode.

B

Access by Kozhikode- Mysore-

Kollegal road from Kozhikode.


unmetalled)


Typology (NH/SH/

MDR)

SH SH SH

Lanes 2 2 2 lane and single lane

Riding Quality (A-E) D C C

Enroute



buses and KSRTC

bus services



Kozhikode & Sultan Bathery.

Need to depend on taxis or

personal vehicles to reach wild

life sanctuary


buses and KSRTC bus

services



between Kozhikode &

Mananthavady. Need to

depend on taxis or personal

vehicles to reach Thirunelly.

Private taxis, private buses

and KSRTC bus services



Kozhikode & Mananthavady. Need

to depend on taxis or personal

vehicles to reach wild life sanctuary.

(more specific to

transport access to


from various parts

of city)

Availability (A-C) D C C

Enroute

Wayside



available with a number of


throughout

C Wayside amenities, tourist




throughout.



food options


Centre availability



junctions



and junctions



Public Convenience

availability



amenities and restaurants.



very poor.







poor.













B Sufficient signage are




and some Hindi


important road routes and junctions

in mostly English, Malayalam. Need



(Inside the city to

directing the

tourist

destinations)

Languages

English and

Malayalam


On Site

Land ownership of

the Site

Department of Forest,

Kerala


development

Department of Forest, Kerala No specific site for

development

Department of forest,

Thirunelly temple trust

Department of Forest, Kerala


C

Budget hotel operated

by KTDC at Thirunelly

C

Capacity C C C

Bed Occupancy C C C

Sufficiency (A-C) D B D

On Site

Drinking Water

facility Availability (A-C)

C C Retail sale of packaged

drinking water and hotels/

restaurants

C

Page | 87

Route Kozhikode - Muthanga Kozhikode - Thirunelly Kozhikode - Begur

Destination Muthanga wildlife sanctuary Thirunelly temple Begur wildlife sanctuary


Quality(A-C) C C C

On Site

Solid Waste

Management A-C

C Restrictions on carrying and

dumping plastic and other

disposable items

C C Restrictions on carrying and

dumping plastic and other disposable

items


AC, Gen AC, Gen Currently adequate but

subject to outages during the

summer

AC, Gen


D Parking space available for

visitors

C Parking facilities are

available at the beach and

have been upgraded recently



future parking

Will have to be

acquired


Area of this land

(approx)


Information

Centers

Available(Y/N) Y Information center of forest

department with limited

information. Guides are

available for conducted tours.

N Y Information center of forest

department with limited information.

Guides are available for conducted

tours.

Quality (A-C) B - B

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) B - B

On Site

Information


B

B

B

Languages

English &

Malayalam



C

C

C

Quality (A-C) C C C

On Site

Public


C Need to develop facilities C Need to develop facilities C Need to develop facilities


Quality (A-C) C C C

On Site Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-C) D D D

Quality (A-C) D D D

Page | 88

Route Kozhikode to Kuruva Kozhikode to Mananthavady Kozhikode to Kalpetta

Destination Kuruva Island Pazhassi Tomb Jain Temple



Enroute Approach Road Quality (A-C) B

Access by Kozhikode-





B Access by Kozhikode- Mysore-

Kolegal road. Two lane road with

patches of the road where road

quality needs to be improved.

Approach road to destination is

narrow with little parking space

available in front of the monument.

B

Access by Kozhikode- Mysore-

Kolegal road. Two lane road with




unmetalled)


Typology (NH/SH/

MDR)

SH SH SH

Lanes 2 2 2


Enroute Transport Modes Used by tourists

Private taxis,

private buses and

KSRTC bus

services



between Kozhikode &

Manathavady. Need to

depend on taxis or personal

vehicles to reach destination

which is 17 km from

Mananthavady.


buses and KSRTC bus

services



Kozhikode & Manathavady. The

monument located near the city

center can be accessed by auto

rickshaws.

Private Taxis, Auto


Road Transport


private bus Buses.



Kozhikode & Kalpetta. The

monument located near the city

center can be accessed by auto

rickshaws

(more specific to

transport access to


from various parts

of city)

Availability (A-C) D C C

Enroute

Wayside





available along route



restaurants available along route





Centre availability



and junctions





Public Convenience

availability







poor.



amenities and restaurants. Quality

of facilities is highly variable

ranging from good to very poor.






poor.


B Adequate signage available











B Sufficient signages are available for




(Inside the city to

directing the

tourist

destinations)

Languages

English and

Malayalam

English and Malayalam English and Malayalam

On Site

Land ownership of

the Site

No specific site

for development

Department of Forest, Kerala Trust ASI


Hotel, resort,

homestay

facilities

Hotel, resort, homestay

facilities

Hotels, resorts and

homestays

Capacity C C C .

Bed Occupancy C C C


On Site

Drinking Water


C C Currently only packaged drinking

water facility is only available..

C Currently drinking water facility is

Page | 89

Route Kozhikode to Kuruva Kozhikode to Mananthavady Kozhikode to Kalpetta

Destination Kuruva Island Pazhassi Tomb Jain Temple

Quality(A-C)

C C C available in restaurants & resorts and

retailed packaged water in kiosks .

On Site

Solid Waste

Management A-C

D Restrictions on carrying and

dumping plastic and other

disposable items

C A few bins around the first waterfall

.

C Due to increase in domestic tourists,

current facilities such as bins and

garbage collection mechanism may

need to be enhanced.


AC, Gen AC, Gen AC, Gen Currently adequate but subject to


On Site Parking Sufficiency (A-C) D Parking space available for

visitors

C Limited parking space available. D


future parking

Will have to be

acquired

Will have to be acquired

or set aside by Dept of

Forests

Will have to be acquired Parking facilities are available at the

beach and have been upgraded

recently

Area of this land

(approx)


Information

Centers

Available(Y/N) Y DTPC conducts boating and

tours .

Y

Tourist information center is

available

N

No tourism information center. Only

basic information provided by ASI

signage present

Quality (A-C) B B -

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) B - B

On Site

Information


B

B

C

Languages

English &

Malayalam

English & Malayalam -


C

C

C

Quality (A-C)

C C C

On Site

Public


C Need to develop facilities C C No facilities


Quality (A-C) C C C

On Site Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-C) D D D

Quality (A-C) D D D

Page | 90

3. Kozhikode – Kannur- Thalassery Sub-Circuit

Route Kozhikode - Muzhuppilangad beach Kozhikode - Payyambalam beach Kozhikode - Meenkunnu beach

Destination Muzhuppilangad drive –in beach Payyambalam beach Meenkunnu beach



En-route

Approach Road

Quality (A-C) B NH 66 connects Kozhikode

to the beach which is 16km

from Kannur. Overall road




The approach road to the

beach off the NH is narrow

and requires widening and

up gradation

B NH 66 connects Kozhikode

to the beach which is 2km





The approach road to the

beach off the NH is narrow

and requires widening

B

NH 66 connects Kozhikode to the

beach which is 12km from Kannur.



quality needs to be improved. The

approach road to the beach off the

NH is narrow and requires widening


unmetalled)

Metalled except for

access road to beach

Metalled Metalled

Typology (NH/SH/

MDR)

NH NH NH

Lanes 2 2 2

Riding Quality (A-E)

C C C

Enroute


Private Taxis, Auto

rickshaws, Kerala

State Road Transport

Corporation

(KSRTC) and private

bus Buses.




Kannur. Beach can be

accessed by autos, local bus

service and private taxis.

Private Taxis, Auto


Road Transport


private bus Buses.




Kannur. Beach can be

accessed by autos, local bus


Private Taxis, Auto

rickshaws, Kerala State Road

Transport Corporation

(KSRTC) and private bus

Buses.



Kozhikode to Kalpetta or Lakkidi

destination. From the towns, taxis

are required to reach waterfalls.

(more specific to

transport access to


from various parts

of city)

Availability (A-C) C B C

Enroute

Wayside Amenities Restaurants availability









throughout.



food options


Centre availability



and junctions



and junctions



Public Convenience

availability







poor.







poor.







B Sufficient signages are




and some Hindi

B Sufficient signage are




and some Hindi






(Inside the city to


destinations)

Languages

English &

Malayalam


On Site

Land ownership of

the Site

Public beach DTPC beach park DTPC beach park


Private resorts &

homestays




Private resorts &

homestays




Private resorts & homestays Requirement for more

accommodation facilities and home

stays to meet demand

Capacity C C C

Bed Occupancy C C C


Page | 91

Route Kozhikode - Muzhuppilangad beach Kozhikode - Payyambalam beach Kozhikode - Meenkunnu beach

Destination Muzhuppilangad drive –in beach Payyambalam beach Meenkunnu beach


On Site

Drinking Water



facility is available


facility is available


only available from restaurants and


Quality(A-C) C C C

On Site

Solid Waste

Management A-C

D Due to increase in domestic

tourists, current facilities

such as bins and garbage

collection mechanism need to

be up-graded.

C Due to increase in domestic

tourists, current facilities

such as bins and garbage

collection mechanism need to

be up-graded.

D Due to increase in domestic tourists,

current facilities such as bins and

garbage collection mechanism need

to be up-graded.


Currently adequate but


summer

AC, Gen Currently adequate but


summer

AC, Gen Currently adequate but subject to



C C Parking space is available but

gets congested in peak

season,



future parking

Will have to be acquired Will have to be acquired Will need to be provided by the Dept

of Irrigation or acquired.

Area of this land

(approx)

On Site/or in

City Tourist Information

Centers

Available(Y/N)

Y There is a tourism

information centre with basic

information provided

Y

There is a tourism

information centre with basic

information provided

N

Quality (A-C) C C -


On Site

Information


B

B

B

Languages

English &

Malayalam



C

C

C

Quality (A-C)

On Site Public Convenience Availability (A-C)

C C Inadequate facilities to cater

to current visitor numbers

C No facilities inside the park. need to

be developed


Quality (A-C) C C C

On Site Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-C) C C D

Quality (A-C) C C D

Page | 92

Route Kozhikode to St. Anjelo’s fort Kozhikode to Pythal mala Kozhikode to Parassinikadavu

Destination St. Anjelo’s fort Pythal mala hill station Parassinikadavu




B


fort which is 3 km from Kannur.




Approach road to fort is narrow

and needs to be widened.

B NH 66 connects Kozhikode to the

hill station which is 60 km from

Kannur. Overall road quality is



improved. Approach road is narrow

and needs to be widened. In

addition there is a 2 km trek to

reach the top of Pythal Mala

B


hill station which is 20 km from

Kannur. Overall road quality is good

with patches of the road where road



unmetalled)


Typology (NH/SH/

MDR)

NH NH / SH SH

Lanes 2 2 2



Private Taxis,

Auto rickshaws,

Kerala State Road

Transport

Corporation

(KSRTC) and

private bus Buses.



Kozhikode to Kannur.

Destination can be accessed by

autos, local bus service and

private taxis.

Private Taxis, Auto


Road Transport

Corporation (KSRTC)




Kozhikode to Kannur. For accesing

the destination, taxis or personal

vehicles need to be used.

Private Taxis, Auto


Road Transport

Corporation (KSRTC)




Kozhikode to Kannur. Destination

can be accessed by autos, local bus


(more specific to

transport access to


from various parts

of city)

Availability (A-C) C D C

Enroute

Wayside












Centre availability



junctions





Public Convenience

availability






very poor.

E The need is fulfilled mostly by





poor.






poor.


B B A Sufficient signages are available for




(Inside the city to

directing the

tourist

destinations)

Languages

English and

Malayalam

Adequate signage available for




signages along the approach road

to destination.

English and Malayalam Adequate signage available for the


in mostly English, Malayalam.

Need for more signages along the


English and

Malayalam

On Site

Land ownership of

the Site

Department of

Forests, Kerala

Department of forest,

Department of revenue,

Department of Tourism

Temple trust

City/Town Accommodation Type Hotel, homestay and resorts Hotel, homestay and resorts. Resort Hotels, resorts and

Page | 93

Route Kozhikode to St. Anjelo’s fort Kozhikode to Pythal mala Kozhikode to Parassinikadavu

Destination St. Anjelo’s fort Pythal mala hill station Parassinikadavu


developed by DTPC with 10 rooms. homestays

Capacity C C C

Bed Occupancy C C C

Sufficiency (A-C) C D C

On Site

Drinking Water


C Retail packaged drinking water

facility is only available.

D Currently only packaged drinking

water facility is only available.


available in restaurants and retailed

packaged water.

Quality(A-C) C C C

On Site

Solid Waste

Management A-C

C Restrictions on carrying and

dumping disposables in the site

D No facilities currently developed . C No facilities currently provided


AC, Gen AC, Gen AC, Gen Currently adequate but subject to


On Site Parking Sufficiency (A-C) C Limited parking space available. D Limited parking space available. C Limited parking space available.


future parking

Need to be

alienated from

military /

department of

fisheries land

adjacent to

approach road


or alienated from

respective government

department

Will have to be

acquired

Area of this land

(approx)


Information

Centers

Available(Y/N) Y

ASI information center present

for providing information

N

N

Quality (A-C) B - -

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) Y - E

On Site

Information


B

B

B

Languages

English &

Malayalam



C

C

C

Quality (A-C)

C C C

On Site

Public


E No toilet facilities D C

On Site Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E) C D B

Quality (A-C) C D B

On Site Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-C) C E B

Quality (A-C) C E B

Page | 94

Route Kozhikode to Aralam wild life sanctuary Kozhikode to Pazhassi dam Kozhikode to Arakkal kettu

Destination Aralam wild life sanctuary Pazhassi dam Arakkal kettu




B

NH 66 connects Kozhikode

to the destination which is 63

km from Kannur. Overall

road quality is good with



improved. Approach road is

narrow and needs widening.

B NH 66 & Thalassery-Coorg

highway connects Kozhikode to the

destination which is 44 km from




improved. Approach road is narrow

and needs widening

SH







unmetalled)


Typology (NH/SH/

MDR)

NH NH / SH/ town road SH

Lanes 2 2 2



Private Taxis, Auto


Road Transport

Corporation (KSRTC)





Kannur. Destination can be

accessed by local bus service

and private taxis.

Private Taxis, Auto


Road Transport

Corporation (KSRTC)





can be accessed by local bus service

and private taxis.

Private Taxis, Auto


Road Transport

Corporation (KSRTC)






and private taxis.

(more specific to

transport access to


from various parts

of city)

Availability (A-C) B B B

Enroute

Wayside













Centre availability



and junctions





Public Convenience

availability







poor.






poor.






poor.


B Adequate signage available






B Adequate signages are available for



Malayalam.




Malayalam.

(Inside the city to

directing the

tourist

destinations)

Languages

English and Malayalam English and Malayalam English and

Malayalam

.

On Site

Land ownership of

the Site

Department of forest Department of Irrigation Arakkal Family Trust


Homestays and resorts


Homestays and resorts around the

destination. Inspection bungalow is

available at site for tourists.

Hotels, resorts and

homestays in Kannur.

Page | 95

Route Kozhikode to Aralam wild life sanctuary Kozhikode to Pazhassi dam Kozhikode to Arakkal kettu

Destination Aralam wild life sanctuary Pazhassi dam Arakkal kettu


Capacity C C C

Bed Occupancy C C C


On Site

Drinking Water



water

D Currently packaged drinking water

is available


available

Quality(A-C) C C C

On Site

Solid Waste

Management A-C

C Restriction on carrying and

dumping disposables

C B Maintained by government



D Limited parking space

C Space available for parking.

D Parking facilities need to be

expanded and improved


future parking

Will have to be

acquired

Will have to be acquired Will have to be

acquired

Area of this land

(approx)


Information

Centers

Available(Y/N) N

Y

Y

Quality (A-C) - B -

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) C - C

On Site

Information


B

B

B

Languages

English and Malayalam English and Malayalam English and

Malayalam


C

D

C

Quality (A-C) C C C

On Site

Public


C C C

On Site Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E) E

C C

Quality (A-C) E C C


D C

Quality (A-C) C C C

Page | 96

Route Kozhikode to Ezhimala Kozhikode to Rajarajeswara temple Kozhikode to Gundert bungalow

Destination Ezhimala Rajarajeswara temple Gundert bungalow



Enroute

Approach Road Quality (A-C)

B

NH 66 connects Kozhikode to

the destination which is 34 km


quality is good with patches of

the road where road quality

needs to be improved..

B


to the destination which is 25

km from Kannur. Overall




improved.

SH NH 66 connects Kozhikode to the






unmetalled)


Typology (NH/SH/

MDR)

NH, SH and town

roads

NH, SH and town roads SH

Lanes 2 2 2


Enroute


Private Taxis, Auto

rickshaws, KSRTC

and private bus

Buses.






and private taxis.

Private Taxis, Auto


private bus Buses.






and private taxis.

D There are private bus services and


Kozhikode to Vandoor . Other

modes are personal vehicles or

private taxis. (more specific to

transport access to


from various parts

of city)


Enroute

Wayside



are available with a number of


throughout









Centre availability



junctions



and junctions



Public Convenience

availability






good to very poor.







poor.






poor.















Malayalam.

(Inside the city to

directing the

tourist

destinations)

Languages

English and

Malayalam

English and Malayalam English and Malayalam .

On Site

Land ownership of

the Site

Indian navy Temple trust Private organization owning

the bungalow


Limited development as

ezhimala is under the Indian

Navy and falls within a

restricted area.

Budget hotels, homestays

around Kannur

Budget hotels, homestays

around Kannur

Capacity

C C C

Bed Occupancy C C C

Page | 97

Route Kozhikode to Ezhimala Kozhikode to Rajarajeswara temple Kozhikode to Gundert bungalow

Destination Ezhimala Rajarajeswara temple Gundert bungalow



On Site

Drinking Water


C C Currently packaged drinking

water is available

C

Quality(A-C) C C C

On Site

Solid Waste

Management A-C

C C C



C C Limited space available for

parking.

D


future parking

Will have to be

acquired


Area of this land

(approx)


Information

Centers

Available(Y/N) N

N

N

Quality (A-C) - - -

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) - E -

On Site

Information


C

C

Languages - -


D

C

Quality (A-C) D C

On Site

Public


E C

On Site Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E) -

C

C

Quality (A-C) - C

C


C C

Quality (A-C) C C C

Page | 98

Route Kozhikode to Thalassery fort Kozhikode to Overbury’s folly Kozhikode to Dharmadam

Destination Thalassery fort Overbury’s folly Dharmadam beach & island



Enroute

Approach Road

Quality (A-C)

B


to the destination which is

24 km from Kannur. Overall




improved.






improved.







unmetalled)


Typology (NH/SH/

MDR)

NH, SH and town roads NH, SH NH, SH

Lanes 2 2 2


Enroute


Private Taxis, Auto


Road Transport

Corporation (KSRTC)



services & KSRTC services

plying between Kozhikode

to Kannur. Destination can

be accessed by local bus


Private Taxis, Auto


Road Transport

Corporation (KSRTC)





can be accessed by local bus


Private Taxis, Auto


Road Transport

Corporation (KSRTC)






and private taxis.

(more specific to

transport access to


from various parts

of city)


Enroute

Wayside

Amenities

Restaurants availability












Centre availability



and junctions





Public Convenience

availability







poor.






poor.






poor.






B Adequate signages are available

for the important road routes and


Malayalam.




Malayalam.

(Inside the city to

directing the

tourist

destinations)

Languages English and Malayalam English and Malayalam English and Malayalam .

On Site

Land ownership of

the Site

ASI DTPC Private


Hotels, resorts and

homestays around Kannur

Hotels, resorts and homestays

around Kannur

. Hotels, resorts and homestays

around Kannur and the destination

Capacity

C C C

Bed Occupancy C C C


Page | 99

On Site

Drinking Water



water

C Currently packaged drinking water

is available

C Not available except in local shops

on way to the destination

Quality(A-C) C C C

On Site

Solid Waste

Management A-C

C C C


On Site Parking

Sufficiency (A-C)

C Parking facility needs to be

expanded

D Limited space available for

parking.

D Currently people park on the

roadside.


future parking

Will have to be

acquired


Area of this land

(approx)

On Site/or in City

Tourist

Information

Centers

Available(Y/N) N

N

N

Quality (A-C) - - -


On Site

Information


C

C

D

Languages English and Malayalam English and Malayalam -

On Site

Seating/ Resting Sufficiency (A-C)

C

C

D

Quality (A-C) C C D

On Site

Public


D D E

On Site

Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E) D

C D

Quality (A-C) D C D

On Site

Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-C) C

C D

Quality (A-C) C C D

Page | 100

4. Kozhikode- Kasargode Sub-Circuit

Route Kozhikode to Bekal Kozhikode to Ranipuram Kozhikode to Valiyaparambu

Destination Bekal fort Ranipuram hill station Valiyaparambu backwaters – Jetty and backwater cruise

site



Enroute

Approach Road

Quality (A-C)

B


to the destination which is

80 km from Kannur and 15

km from Kasargode. Overall




improved.

B NH 66 & SH38 connects Kozhikode to

the destination which is 101 km from

Kannur and 54 km from Kasargode.

Road has bad stretches requiring repair

work on route. Main road is up to

Panathady from where jeep and taxi

services are required to reach Ranipuram

along a narrow curving approach road

up hill.

SH



Kannur and 35 km from Kasargode.



quality needs to be improved


unmetalled)


Typology (NH/SH/

MDR)

NH, SH NH, SH SH

Lanes 2 2 2

Riding Quality (A-E) C D C

Enroute


Private Taxis, Auto

rickshaws, KSRTC

and private bus

Buses.


services & KSRTC services

plying between Kozhikode

to Kannur. Destination can

be accessed by local bus


Private Taxis, Auto

rickshaws, KSRTC

and private bus

Buses.

There are private bus services & KSRTC

services plying between Kozhikode to

Kanhangad and Kanhangad to

Panathady. From Panathady, jeep

services are required.

Private Taxis, Auto


private bus Buses.



Kozhikode to Kansargod.

Destination can be accessed by local

bus service and private taxis. (more specific to

transport access to


from various parts

of city)

Availability (A-C) C D C

Enroute

Wayside

Amenities

Restaurants availability





C Limited number of wayside amenities

and budget restaurants available





Centre availability



and junctions





Public Convenience

availability







poor.

D The need is fulfilled mostly by Public

Conveniences provided by private

wayside restaurants etc. Quality of

facilities is highly variable ranging from

good to very poor.






poor.

Enroute

Direction Signages Sufficiency (A-C)





B Adequate signages are available for the






Malayalam.

(Inside the city to

directing the

tourist

destinations)

Languages

English and

Malayalam

English and

Malayalam

English and Malayalam .

On Site

Land ownership of

the Site

ASI Department of

forests, DoT

Bekal Resort

Development

Corporation

City/Town

Accommodation

Type

Resorts and hotels are

available around

Potential for more

accommodation to develop

to meet the potential

Tourist cottages, a conference hall and

dining hall have been developed by the

DoT at an estimated cost of Rs. 3.25

Resorts and hotels are

available around Bekal,

Kasargode and

Page | 101

Route Kozhikode to Bekal Kozhikode to Ranipuram Kozhikode to Valiyaparambu

Destination Bekal fort Ranipuram hill station Valiyaparambu backwaters – Jetty and backwater cruise

site


Bekal, Kasargode and

Kanhangad

demand. crore. More accommodation facilities

need to be developed to promote tourism

Kanhangad.

Capacity

C D C

Bed Occupancy C D C

Sufficiency (A-C) C D C

On Site

Drinking Water



water and water from hotels

/ resorts

D Currently packaged drinking water is

available


available

Quality(A-C) C D C

On Site

Solid Waste

Management A-C

C D C


On Site

Parking

Sufficiency (A-C)

C Parking facility available

C Limited space available for parking.

C Parking facility available


future parking

Will have to be

acquired

Will have to be

acquired

Land available with

BRDC

Area of this land

(approx)

On Site/or in City

Tourist

Information

Centers

Available(Y/N) Y Tourist information center

available

N

Y

Quality (A-C) C - C

Trained Guides Availability (A-C) C E -

On Site

Information


C

D

C

Languages

English and

Malayalam

English and

Malayalam

Limited signage English and Malayalam

On Site

Seating/ Resting Sufficiency (A-C)

C

D

C

Quality (A-C) C D C

On Site

Public


C Limited facilities in the fort

but neighboring DTPC

kiosks and other facilities

available outside the fort

C B

On Site

Shops/ Kiosks Sufficiency (A-E) C

D C

Quality (A-C) C D C

On Site

Street Lighting Sufficiency (A-C) C

D C

Quality (A-C) C C C

Page | 102

Route Kozhikode to Kappil beach in Kasargode

Destination Kappil beach

Enroute/Onsite Parameters Components Rating Remarks

Enroute Distance in km 168

Enroute

Approach Road

Quality (A-C) B NH 66 & SH38 connects Kozhikode to the destination which is 80 km from

Kannur and 11 km from Kasargode. Overall road quality is good with patches

of the road where road quality needs to be improved. Approach road to beach

from main road is narrow and requires upgradation and widening.

Type of Road(metalled, unmetalled) Metalled

Typology (NH/SH/ MDR) NH, SH

Lanes 2

Riding Quality (A-E) C

Enroute Transport

Private Taxis, Auto rickshaws,

Kerala State Road Transport

Corporation (KSRTC) and private

bus Buses.

There are private bus services & KSRTC services plying between Kozhikode

to Kasargode. Destination can be accessed by local bus service and private

taxis.

(more specific to transport access to

tourist destinations from various parts of

city)

Modes Used by tourists C

Availability (A-C)

Enroute

Wayside Amenities

Restaurants availability C Limited number of wayside amenities and budget restaurants available

Petrol Pump/ Service Centre availability B Sufficient facilities available along the main road routes and junctions

Public Convenience availability

D The need is fulfilled mostly by Public Conveniences provided by private

wayside restaurants etc. Quality of facilities is highly variable ranging from

good to very poor.


B Adequate signages are available for the important road routes and junctions in



destinations)

Languages English and Malayalam

On Site Land ownership of the Site

City/Town

Accommodation

Type C

C

C

Hotels, resorts and homestays in and around Kasargode and Bekal

Capacity

Bed Occupancy

Sufficiency (A-C)

On Site

Drinking Water facility Availability (A-C) D

Currently packaged drinking water is available in nearby petty shops Quality(A-C) C

On Site Solid Waste Management A-C D Additional facilities required to provide for increasing tourist flow

On Site Electricity Supply (AC, Gen) AC, Gen

On Site

Parking

Sufficiency (A-C) C

Limited parking facilities. In addition people park by the road side

Availability of Land for future parking Will have to be acquired


On Site/or in City

Tourist Information Centers

Available(Y/N) N

Quality (A-C) -

Trained Guides Availability (A-C)

-

On Site

Information Signage Sufficiency (A-C) C


Languages

English & Malayalam

On Site Seating/ Resting Sufficiency (A-C) D

Quality (A-C) D

On Site Public Convenience Availability (A-C) D

On Site Shops/ Kiosks

Sufficiency (A-E) D

Quality (A-C) C

On Site

Street Lighting

Sufficiency (A-C) D

Quality (A-C) D

Page | 103

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