Solar Observation Data Education in Classroom

Kentaro Yaji(National Astronomical Observatory of Japan) GHOU2015@ Honolulu, Hawaii, Aug 4-5, 2015

Contents

Why do we learn the sun?

What do we learn from the sun?

Hinode Satellite / NAOJ, the Solar Observatory

Cace Study: Classroom & Teaching Materials

Joint Observations with Hinode

Summary

I have had various EPO activities about the sun.

Self Introduction

Why do we learn the The Sun is the nearest star for us,

The sun give effects on us and our life.

The sun is a laboratory of plasma/magnetic fields

School teachers necessarily teach the sun in science class.

The public are very interested in solar activity.

sunspots, solar cycle, space weather, etc

Need other field researchers to understand our research

It is important to communicate solar astronomy.

Basic information -size, brightness, distance from the earth

structure

Temperature

Wavelength

Solar rotation

Variation & Evolution

What do we learn from the sun?

Visible Light

X-ray

EUV

Solar Corona Since 2006

NAOJ/JAXA http://hinode.nao.ac.jp/

Venus Transit on 2012/06/06

NAOJ, Solar ObservatoryI am working here since 2013

solarwww.mtk.nao.ac.jp/en/solarobs.html

Sorry, in Japanese

• Long Term Accumulated Data

1910 1930 1950 1970 1990 2010

1910 1930 1950 1970 1990 2010

コロナ緑色輝線輝度活動領域磁場活動領域Ha像

全面赤外線偏光観測全面像磁場Ha全面像Ca+K線像

白色光全面画像黒点スケッチ黒点相対数

系列2

系列1

Solar Observation in Tokyo Observatory/NAOJ

Graph show sunspot number(SIDC+NAOJ)

Photo Sunspot NumberFull DrawingsDisk White Light

Cromospheric CaKFull Disk Hα

Full Disk　　　　　　Magnetogram　　　　　IR

Active 　　　　　　　　　　HαRegion MagnetogramCorona Green Line

Historical Ca K Spectroheliograms Big sunspots in 2014, October

Sunspot Relative Number abd Butterfly Diagram

Solar Flare in Hα

Guide to Solar Flare Telescope

๏ Science Class with Hinode data

๏ 31-Aug and 7-Sep, in 2010

๏ 33 Students @Junior High School

๏ They had much interests on Hinode data

Lecture about the sun

Solar Observations

Practice with PC

Teaching Materials(1) @Junior High school

①

②③

① Umbra②　Penumbra③　Granulation

Let’s study!

For Understanding of meaning of the image

Questionnaire survey after classroom

Yes

Yes

Could you understand well solar corona with use of Hinode Data?

Could you understand well sunspot with use of Hinode Data?

Questionnaire survey after classroom

Yes

Are these classroom difficult?

Yes

Do you want to take the classroom about the sun ?

What are you interested /impressed ?

Aug,31,2010

Sept,7m 2010

solar observation

prominence observation

Operating Makali’i

Teaching Materials(2)- University-

“Solar Terrestrial Physics”

In Department of Physics, 51 Students attended the lecture.

Lecture Contents

Hinode/Yohkoh’s Observation Results Solar Structures Solar Corona Solar Flare, Prominence, etc After this lecture,

Students report and summarizethe Lecture with this worksheet

Students’ Reports are very interesting in various comments.

I did every year when I worked at Univ.

Quiet RegionActive Region

これは４分割して撮影された画像を合成したものである。⾚赤く着⾊色された部分はコロナで温度は100万度以上である。明るい領域は活動領域で太陽黒点に対応している。活動領域はループ状をしており、コロナの磁場構造に対応している。活動領域以外は静穏領域と呼ばれ、その中にはX線輝点が多数存在する。太陽の南の極域にはコロナホールが存在している。

is X-ray Brightening

Coronal Hole

Model Answer

•Bright part is Corona in the image[43/52]

•Corona has Actice region [14/52] and Auiet region [4/52] .

•Every corona has loop structures [17/52], It may show magnetic stuructues[21/52].

•This pictures is superinposed with images devided into for ones [21/52]

✓Browing part seen arouund the sun is pirominence [14/52]

✓Browing part seen arouund the sun is solar flare [18/52] It is a good metoh to reflain the lecture with Hinode

image.

But the students sometimes misunderstand. We should Pay the attention

From Students’ Report

Practice in Saitama UnivSaitama University, Dept of Education

Earth Science Seminar(2015/6/27,7/3,10,17)

For Under graduate student, 3rd grade

Solar observation and its data analysis

Solar observation in visible light, Hα, radio

Data analysis with software Makali’i

Data download of solar data on NAOJ

Solar radius, Sunspot temperature, etc

Data Analysis with Solar image

center to limb variation

limb darkining

24-oct 2014 in NAOJ

Calculating Temperature from Sunspot brightness

This value show brightness of sunspot

Brightness of Photosphere

Educational Materials(2)- High School -Developed by N. Tokimasa, who belongs to public observatory

Calculating velocity of Prominence Material falling dawn

He instructed a student to this analisys and the students presented the astronomical meeting in Japan.

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(Tokimasa 2010)

Let’s Observe the Sun with Hinode!Joint Observation, simultaneously, with high schools, public observatories, museum and Hinode Satellite. [HOP173] EPO campaign observation mainly for high school students Objects

✴High school students who have solar observations are interested in Hinode Observation DATA, which are promoting that they compare their own data with Hinode data.

✴Developing teaching materials, Using for display in public observatories/museum

A proposal for education is at first in Hinode. Foreign scientists have high interests.

Schools/Facilities participated in 2014

Pref Schools/Facilities Continum Hα CaK other 21 22 23 24 25 26

Gunma Takasaki Girl High School ○ ○ ○ ○ ○Saitama Saitama Univ. ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○Saitama Urawa Nishi High School ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○Saitama Kawaguchi Sogo HS radio

Tokyo Toho HS/JHS ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○Tokyo Tokyo Tech High School ○ ○ ○Kanagawa Yokohama Science Frontia HS ○ ○Aichi Nagoya High School ○ ○ Osaka Akutagawa High School ○ ○Hyogo Mita Shounkan HS ○

Hiroshima Shudo HS/JHS ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○Hiroshima Hiroshima Johoku HS/JHS ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ MIyazaki Tsuno High School ○ ○ Saitama Kawaguchi City Museum ○ ○ ○ Ma ○ ○ ○ ○

The sun after No Sunspots

7⽉月21⽇日　⾼高崎⼥女⼦子⾼高校 7⽉月26⽇日　桐朋⾼高校・中学

7⽉月25⽇日10:54　浦和⻄西⾼高校　Hα

Prominence on 2014/7/25

7⽉月25⽇日12:44　広島城北⾼高校　Hα7⽉月25⽇日11時から13時　ひのでCaH線

What do you want to study/ What are you interested in this joint observation?

Velocity Variation of sunspot and prominence(T)

Motion Velocity of sunspot and Solar Rotation(S)

The differences how to observe by wavelength and its interest(T)

How precisely can draw sunspots in groundbased observation(T)

Solar Temperature variation by radio observation with BS antenna(T,S)

I want to give chance to look into observation data carefully wi the comparison with Hinode and their own data.(T)

Solar image by Other Joint Observers(F)

Compare X-ray iage and Sunspot image(T)

Compare how look in their own Halpha and Hinode(T)

Can we predict solar flare with Halpga groundbased observation(S)

Prominence/Filament Motion(T)

Sunspot evolution, Prominence Variation(T)

Solar Temperature Variation (T)

Sunspot・Sunspot Number, Plage(S)

After Before

Urawa Nishi HS

Hyogo Kenritsu HS

Measurement of Sunspot Temperature

Vertical Structure of Solar Atmosphere

Miyazaki/Tusno High School

Presentation by Tsuno High school in Cultual Festival

Hinode,X-ray

NAOJ,Hα

Tsuno,Hα

They compared their own Hα images with Hinode data and studied the relation between prominence and corona.

I get Kakenhi(Grant)Theme: Construction and Evaluation of Physical Program Based on Solar Activity Database

FY2015-2017

Developing teaching material and practice in classroom with solar activity database

Joint researchers are teachers in university and high schools

I would like to know how you teach/learn the sun in you countries. Please give me information about it.

SummaryIt is very important to use solar data and practice in classroom.

Now! Full of Big Solar Data are available .

Solar Satellite “HINODE”

Solar Observatory, NAOJ

We had various practice about the sun in the classroom.

After that, we develop and practice with use of Grant.

Optional

The First DVD ”The Sun Captured by Hinode ”

Released in 2008

Mainly for Educators to Communicate Hinode Data to the Public.

DVD Video part/DVD Rom part

Short(2m36s)/Long(16min) Movie

Introduction of Initial Hinode Observation Results

Containing Quiz regarding Eclipse/Mercury Transit

Full High Definition Movies(1920x1080) are contained.

English Version is also available.

If someone wants the DVD, please contact me.

From movies for kids Picture Book

Picture-story Show at Kindergarten

Twitter(@naoj_taiyo) Twitter start since this June.

5400 followers

JAXA～180,000

NAOJ PIO～41,000

NAOJ ALMA～18,000　

Daily Solar Image, Solar Events, Archive Data

Solar Telescope Workshop

This workshop is based on solnet ML and the first one was held in 2000. Since it, in 2001,2003, and 2012(last year!!)

Topic: Solar Observation, Review Solar ActivityLecture about the Sun,Various Practice at school and so on.

Astronomical Staff, School Teachers, Professionals, Amateurs

At first, the place for educators’study.Now, Offline Meeting! It will be held next year.

Communicating the Sun among Edu, Ama, and Pro.

Mailing ListSolar Telescope Mailing List(solnet ML)

Since 2000, I am operating as an administrator.

Public Observatory Staff ask communicating solar information.

Currently, 200 members : Astronomical Staff, School Teachers, Professionals, Amateurs

Topics: Solar Events(Flare, Prominence,Big Sunspot),Solar observation, Solar Eclipse,Teaching Practice, etc

As the Place of Good Communication, ML still continues.

Let's search Granulation!