katine community partnerships project conceptual framework

Katine CommunityPartnerships Project

Conceptual Framework

Friday 25th September

The Development need: Soroti, in eastern Uganda, is five hours drive from Uganda’s capital city, Kampala. It is one of the poorest districts in the countrywith more than 77% of the population living on less than a $US1 a day. AMREF identifies priorities and allocates resources on a pro-poor basis, givingpriority to people and communities that we believe to be the most vulnerable. Katine is a Sub-County in Soroti district and was selected because of thehigh levels of poverty, the negative impacts the civil war and rural – urban migration are having on the area, and because, as an area reliant onagriculture, it is being badly affected by changing climate patterns. There is currently a gap between the formal services being provided by Governmentstructures and interventions, and the local community, which is especially marked in a rural setting such as Katine.

What we are hoping the project will achieve: Poverty reduction, better health, access to education, increased income and a role in decision making areall inter-related. In order to improve the lives of those living in Katine we will deliver an integrated project, working to support the community in all theseareas. At the highest level the project has been designed with 5 goals in mind:

Improved community health

Improved access to quality primary education

Improved access to safe water, sanitation and hygiene

Improved income generating activities

Communities empowered to engage in local governance

By encouraging development in all these areas the project will change the lives of those living in Katine, but not just for the three years that the project isactive. By empowering the community to engage in local governance, and providing them with knowledge around health, hygiene, safe water andagriculture, as well as improving the quality of education available to young people in Katine, this project can bring lasting change.

How we are going to approach this: AMREF works with the poorest and most vulnerable people in Africa, therefore our interventions mirror thisapproach. The project will target those who will benefit from the project the most. In healthcare this means prioritising PLWHA, CU5,women and youngpeople. In education we work to target gender imbalances, as well as working to ensure that those with disabilities can access schooling.

This project will be implemented through community partnering; that means the project team will work with members of the community throughout thedevelopment, planning and implementation process. By working with Farmers’ Groups, VHTs, PTAs, and by establishing community committees, forexample Water Source Committees, community members will be at the centre of their own development, and have a key stake in decision making. Theproject will therefore be responsive to community needs and priorities, and through community participation the interventions will be owned by thecommunity, so that many developments can continue beyond the 3 year lifespan of the project.

This project will build the capacity of these community organisations, and the local Government (at District, Sub-County and parish level) to manage theirown development. This will be done by improving the gathering and use of community based information – for example, supporting health centres tomonitor levels of essential medicines, providing the Sub-County with planning and budgeting training, and encouraging community management ofprimary schools. Across these groups the project will work to develop the skills of both formal workers (teachers, health workers, Government employees)and the community volunteers who are delivering essential services to the community, for example the village health teams. AMREF believes that in orderfor development to succeed the gap between communities and Government needs to be closed. Therefore this project will work with local governmentstructures to support them to work with Katine. This project will strengthen and further develop AMREF’s model for community based development.

KATINE COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS PROJECT CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Overview

Context Examples of

Indicators

OutcomesOutputsActivities (Inputs)Sub-

Objective

10 preventable diseasescause 75% of prematuredeaths. The most significantare peri-natal and maternalconditions, malaria, acuterespiratory infections,HIV/AIDS and diarrhoea whichaccount for 60% of thedisease burden in Uganda.

There is poor quality andutilization of prevention,treatment and care servicesdue to lack of funds, lack ofand uneven distribution ofhuman resources, poormanagement and systems,lack of medical equipment,inadequate and interruptedsupplies of medicines andother supplies.

Rural areas have worst healthindicators and greaterinequalities in access to basichealth services and safe waterand sanitation. Cost anddistance to health facilitiesprevent many people fromseeking care.

MOH priority focus is tooperationalise health subdistricts and village healthteams to achieve moreeffective and equitabledelivery of cost-effectiveinterventions.

Lack of appropriate knowledgeand behaviours, withunderlying social andeconomic factors, contribute topoor health status. And thereis low community awarenessand participation in politicaland planning process forhealth services and otherbasic services.

Improve health centre lab infrastructure and provideequipment and supplies for diagnosis of HIV/ AIDS, TB,

and malaria

Train lab personnel for improved diagnostics and

treatment of HIV/AIDS, TB, malaria and other common

diseases e.g. anaemia, STIs

Train/retrain health workers (as appropriate to facility level

and functions) on HIV/AIDS, TB, malaria, IMCI, normal

delivery & EMOC, infection control and waste disposal

Train health workers and health unit management

committees in logistics management of essential

medicines and lab supplies and procurement of equipment


Train VHTs on community integrated health package

(malaria, diarrhoea, SRH/FP, EPI, sanitation/hygiene,

HIV/AIDS, CB-DOTS)

Support VHT activities to promote awareness about health

services and related activities e.g. campaigns

Train community vaccinators in EPI and record keeping

and support immunization outreach

Support community-based FP sensitization anddistribution of oral contraceptives and condoms

Establish a community-based ITN distribution system

prioritising the U5s, pregnant women and PLWA

Train TBAs on safe delivery methods, pregnancy danger

signs and referral system

Train VHTs and health unit management committees on

management processes including planning and budgeting

Strengthen system for regular meetings, supervision and

reporting of VHTs at health centre, parish and HSD levels

Strengthen referral system from VHT to appropriate levelof health facility and track referrals

Conduct joint training of VHTs and health centre staff on

referral system and VHT supply system (e.g. HOMAPAK,

condoms)

Strengthen procedures for tracking and replacing VHTdrop outs

Provide bicycle and drug storage kit to each VHT

Train VHTs on community-based information systems

including immunization coverage, birth and death

registration

Carry out local radio programmes to inform communities

about VHTs

Explore options for funding motivation package

Improved

community-

based

prevention,

care and

treatment

Improved

rural

health

systems

Improved

quality of

health

systems

and

services

• All health providers

trained; facilities and

labs equipped and

performing full range of

diagnostic and health

services as appropriateper facility level

• Improved availability of

medicines, supplies and

equipment for HIV/AIDS,

malaria, TB, IMCI,

reproductive health.

Exposure

• % of household heads that

attended a VHT health promotion

activity

Awareness/knowledge

• % of men and women 15-49 years

that know a district source for

PMTCT drugs and ART

Health facility capacity

• % health facilities regularly

providing all services appropriate to

level

No. of diagnostic tests performedfor HIV, TB and malaria

% of orders for medicines and lab

supplies submitted on time as per

national schedule

Systems functioning

• % of VHTs that met 4 times or

more a year with health centre

mgmt team & HSD

• % of VHT members dropped out

• % VHT that submit monthly HBMF

report

Service utilisation and coverage

% of pregnant women and U5s

sleeping under an ITN

No. of CU5 received home-based

malaria treatment (HOMAPAK)

within 24 hours from CMDs

% of CU5 who had fever that

received recommended anti-malariamedicine within 24 hrs from any

source

% of women who recently delivered

that: attended ANC; received two

doses of IPT; and of those HIV+

received antiretrovirals for PMTCT

% of women 15-49 currently using

a modern contraceptive

No. of deliveries performed in HCIV

facility

% children age 12-23 months fully

immunized

No. of registered TB patients

receiving anti-TB drugs

66 village health teams

trained to provide

community integrated

health package

Communities trained in

health promotion strategies

Community vaccinators

trained and outreach

activities supported

Target groups receive

preventive supplies (ITNs,

FP methods, condoms)

TBAs trained in safe

delivery, pregnancy danger

signs and referral

Health facilities and HSDs

meet regularly with VHTs

to solve problems and

plan together to improve

community health

Supervision and supply

systems in place and

functioning at health

facilities and HSD to

support VHTs

Community-based referral

system in place andfunctioning to direct

people to appropriate

facility level

VHTs equipped with low-

cost transport and drug

storage facilities

Community informed

about VHT services

Increased

community

awareness of,

access to and

utilisation of

health

services in

community

and health

facilities

OBJECTIVE 1: IMPROVED COMMUNITY HEALTH

Context Examples of

Indicators


Objective

There are fourteen primaryschools and one secondaryschool in Katine Sub-County.

School drop-out rates are highaveraging 19% for boys and22% for girls because parentsneed children to help withincome generation. Only3.9% of current pupils inKatine Sub-County are in P7.Out of a total of 67 parishesacross the district 3 Katineparishes come in the bottom 4parishes for progression to P7.

16% of the children of primaryschool age in Katine areorphans and vulnerablechildren. This group is lesslikely to receive acomprehensive education.

Classrooms are overcrowdedwith a pupil:classroom ratio of91. Only 47% of the pupils inKatine have seats. Schoolslack basic facilities such asaccess to safe water andlatrines. Only 37% of theneed for latrines is met inKatine Sub-County.

The repetition rate for pupils is23%. Teacher are often de-motivated and absenteeism ishigh. Schools lack effectiveteaching materials and thelinkage of schools to Sub-County accountability level isweak.

Train teachers on child centred methodologies to improve

academic performance

Train teachers to promote adolescent friendly reproductive

health counselling.

Provide teaching materials to teachers to facilitate

teaching and learning (including materials for reproductive

health)

Support supervision and follow up of teacher training

Rehabilitate existing classrooms

Increase seating facilities

Construct new classrooms

Use music, drama and sport to encourage children to stayin school and to strengthen the capacity of school health

clubs

Improve sanitation facilities for girls and boys, providing

accessibility for the disabled and special facilities for girls

(including bath shelters, changing rooms and the sourcing

of affordable sanitary pads or training girls on how to

make their own)

Strengthen linkages between schools and the communities

to promote personal hygiene and sanitation education


Sensitise communities about the importance of enrollingand supporting marginalised children, especially orphans

and vulnerable children, and children with disabilities

Conduct an advocacy forum with female teachers to be

role models for girls

Promote disability-friendly teaching methods and

materials, and school infrastructure

Facilitate information sharing forums between SchoolManagement Committees and inspectors to improve

performance

Train Parent Teachers Associations for improved

community management of school learning and teaching

processes

Equip communities through Parent Teachers Associationswith information for advocacy or resource allocation with

district leadership or structures

Provide training to the stakeholders, including children, to

collect data and monitor progress in schools

Support the establishment of education managementinformation systems in target schools and link to the

district education system

Promote

inclusive

education

• All primary school

teachers trained in child-

centred methodologies

• Teaching materials

circulated to all primary

schools

• A total of 26 classrooms

constructed across the

Sub-County

• Separate disability-

friendly sanitationfacilities for boys and

girls constructed for all

primary schools that fall

short of the required

standard

• Musical instruments,

costumes and sports

equipment provided to allprimary schools

Teaching methods

Number of primary teacherstrained on child-centredmethodologies

Number of teachingmaterials circulated toprimary school teachers

Number of primary schoolsthat have reproductivehealth topics in curriculum

Learning facilities

Number of classroomsrehabilitated or constructedby project

Number of seating spacesprovided by project

Hygiene & sanitation

Number of primary schoolsusing improved and hygienictoilet facility

Number of primary schoolsthat have separate latrinesfor boys and girls

Number of primary schoolswith all essential handwashing supplies readilyavailable

Inclusive education

Percentage of girls age 6-12years attending primaryschool

Number of schools withdisability-friendlyapproaches andinfrastructure

Number of primary schoolevents held

School supervision

Number of children trainedto monitor primary schoolprogress

Number of PTA memberstrained in management andmonitoring processes

Biannual meetings held

with each parish to

sensitise communities to

the importance of

inclusive education

All primary school

teachers trained in

disability-friendly

teaching methods

Information sharing

forums established for all

primary school

management committees

All primary school PTAs

trained in management

and monitoring processes

and advocacy training

Children from each

primary school trained to

establish their own

metrics, to monitor andreport school progress

Education management

information systems

established in all target

schools

Improved

access to

quality

primary

education for

all children

and greater

community

involvement

in school

governance

Improve

teaching

and

learning

environment

Strengthen

community

ownership

over

school

supervision

OBJECTIVE 2: IMPROVED ACCESS TO QUALITY PRIMARY EDUCATION

Context Examples of

Indicators


Objective

There are 30 boreholes inKatine Sub-County of which 8required rehabilitation at lastsurvey. There areapproximately 20 shallow wellsand protected springs. Theseserve more than 24,000people. 18 villages wereidentified as having no watersources at all.

Water sources are notmaintained consistently andcommunity members are oftenforced to use unsafe water forlack of an alternative orbecause the cost of safe wateris prohibitively expensive.

Many schools do not haveeasy access to safe water andlack sanitation facilities. Twoschools have been identifiedas having an acute watershortage and sanitationfacilities are poor. OjagoPrimary School has 394 pupilsand just one pit latrine of 2stances.

Latrine coverage averages48% across the Sub-Countythough Ojom and Olwelaiparishes only have 24%coverage.

As a result of poor sanitationand low levels of hygienethere is a high incidence ofdiarrhoea and other water-borne-diseases.

Rehabilitate existing boreholes, protect and rehabilitate

open springs and shallow wells

Drill new boreholes and install with hand pumps

Train identified community hand pump mechanics onmaintenance and rehabilitation on improved water sources

Install 10,000 litre PVC rain water tanks for rain water

harvesting in schools in water scarce areas

Construct household water jars for harvesting rain water.

(1,500 - 2,000 liter jars)

Provide on-the-job training to community members to

construct and maintain water jars


Construct pit latrines for primary schools

Construct Ecosan toilets for primary schools

Provide sanitation kits to parishes for digging pit latrines

on a monthly loan basis

Train VHTs and Sub-County sanitation working committees

on hygiene and sanitation promotion (including training on

the adaptation of tippy taps and drying racks)

Supervise and support trained VHTs to conduct one on

one household visits for training on hygiene

Support Sub-County committee to supervise and monitor

activities of hygiene in communities and schools

Facilitate the establishment of Water Source Committeesfor each water source as part of a Community-based

Approach to Sanitation and Hygiene Education (CASHE)

Train Water Source Committees and other designated

community members on operation and preventive

maintenance of all the boreholes and rainwater tanks

Help make Water Source Committees operational to charge

money for water access, and to set up a water user

account in the bank

Train Water Source Committees on record keeping and

maintaining receipt books for people in the community to

pay for water

Strengthen the Sub-County sanitation working groups to

be effective in supervising and monitoring maintenance of

boreholes

Train Sub-County Water Source & Sanitation Committees

on safe water chain management

sanitation

and improved

hygiene

Increased

access to

safe water

• All existing water sources

in Sub-County protected

and rehabilitated

• 20 new boreholes drilled to

serve 5000 people

• 2 hand pump mechanics

trained

• 9 schools equipped with

rain water tanks

• 400 households equippedwith water jars

• 12 masons trained in

construction

Water access and adequacy

Percent of households withan improved source fordrinking water withinacceptable reach (30 min)

Percentage of householdswith 15 or more litres perperson per day

No. of schools equippedwith rain water tanks

No. of households thatreceived water jars

Sanitation

Percentage of householdwith improved toilet facility

Ratio of pupil to latrinestance in primary schools

Hygiene

Percentage of householdswhere the caretaker of theyoungest child (<5) reportedappropriate hand-washingbehaviour

Percentage of householdsthat safely disposed of theirchild’s faeces the last times/he passed stool

Percentage of U5s that haddiarrhoea in the previoustwo weeks

Percentage of householdswith soap and wateravailable for hand washingon day of visit

Community empowerment

No. of water user accountsestablished

Percentage of householdsthat report water sourceavailable (uninterrupted)every day for previous twoweeks

13 schools each have 2

Ecosan toilets and 8 new

latrine stances

240 households (1,440

people) have improved pit

latrines

66 village health teams

and SC sanitation working

committee trained on

hygiene promotion

Approx. 3,000 households

visited by VHTs for

hygiene instruction

Quarterly supervision

visits made to monitorhygiene conditions in

communities and schools

Approx. 40 Water Source

Committees established

and trained on operation

and maintenance

Committees assisted to

mobilize communities to

pay water user fees

Committees trained on

record keeping and wateruser accounts established

Regular supervisory visits

carried out by SC Water and

Sanitation Committees

People trained and systemand procedures established

to monitor borehole

maintenance and safe water

chain management

Increased

community

access to and

utilisation of

improved

water and

sanitation

facilities

Improved

hygiene

practices in

households

Improved

operations

and

maintenance

of water

sources

Increased

access to

basic

practices

empowerment

to manage

waterresources

Facilitate

community

OBJECTIVE 3: IMPROVED ACCESS TO SAFE WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE

Context Examples of

Indicators


Objective

Katine sub-county has experienced

repeated cycles of conflict over the

past 20 years which have eroded the

asset base of rural communities.

Rural livelihoods are currently still

recovering from the most recent LRA

incursion in 2003.

Farmers have gained access tosome new varieties of crops &

livestock; lack support to build the

management capacity of their

groups; have no linkage with

research institutions to test new

varieties through on-farm trials and

have very limited formal access to

veterinary services. The current

system of farmer groups is seen by

non-members as selective andexclusive.

Recent upheaval and displacement

has eroded organised access to

markets. Farmers’ linkage to other

districts is usually through

middlemen who negotiate with

individual farmers to drive product

prices down. Farmers generally do

not collectively market, store to get

the best price or add value throughprocessing and lack capacity and

knowledge to put these key value

addition processes in place.

Climate change has made rainy

seasons less predictable Farmers

need to adapt to these changes

through access to new crop varieties,

environmental management & other

livelihoods support.

Valuable support has been provided

through both the NAADS programme

and NGO interventions, especially to

assist those most affected by conflict

to resume productive agriculture. But

there is no formal information

exchange mechanism to ensure that

efforts by different agencies are

better coordinated, share valuable

experience or even jointly plan andsupport certain interventions

A. Group formation stage:

Wealth ranking & group formation (2-3/parish = 10-15)

Baseline benchmarking

Training needs assessment

B. Capacity building stage

Strengthening group management skills, leadership,

group planning & financial management

Exchange visits with other CBOs, institutions in Uganda


Using farmer participatory research methodology to

address production-related priorities and enhance linkage

with formal research institutions such as Serere NSARRI

Diagnostic surveys to identify key crop priorities &

varieties to test; farmer innovation with selected

technologies; establish and support on-farm trials; on-farmopen days, farmer-to-farmer extension

Community animal health worker training and follow-up

Capacity of rural institutions is

enhanced: - 15 rural innovation

groups established (3 per

parish)

Groups’ capacity built in

management, group dynamics,

leadership, etc

Access to new technologyincreases percentage ofproductivity of both crops &livestock

Access to markets andcollective marketingincreases – farmers areconsistently accessing atleast one market outside thesub-county and makinghigher returns

Percentage increase infarmer incomes

Farmers realize quantifiableand qualitativeimprovements in theirenvironments and ability tomitigate variousenvironmental changeimpacts

Recovery in

livelihoods

Strengthened

ability of rural

institutions to

access both

advisory

services and

markets for

their products

practices

OBJECTIVE 4: IMPROVED INCOME GENERATING OPPORTUNITIES

Enhance the

capacity of

rural

community-

based

organisations

Improve

coordination of

rural livelihood

support

Increase

productivity of

crop &

livestock

production

Improve

access to and

returns from

markets &

marketing

Increase

capacity to

manage &

mitigate

impact of

environmental

changes

Business and marketing skills development: business

management training (farm accounting, gross margins, etc)Selection of a market commodity to demonstrate the value

chain from production to market (with at least 5 groups)

Market research (market value chain analysis, etc);

development of marketing mechanisms and information

systems (bulking, storage, information on pricing, value

addition, packaging, etc); adding value through storage,

grading, processing; provision of a group-managed mobile

phone to access market information; exchange visits with

other market-oriented initiatives in Uganda (or the region)

Establishment of the Sub-County Livelihoods Forum to

include all implementing stakeholders and community

representatives from Katine

Sub-county coordination of development stakeholders

(GOs, NGOs and private sector input/marketing

organisations)

Information exchange and advocacy; linkage with other

institutions e.g. Serere NSARRILinking with vocational trainers for off-farm IGAs

Rural livelihoods stakeholders

forum established: key

stakeholders meet 3-4

times/annum

Improved coordination of

livelihoods development,

including co-implementation.

Technology harnessed to

improve productivity

1 contact farmer trained /group

& given treatment kit to provide

animal health services

Participatory on-farm trials for

new varieties of priority crops

carried out / group leading to

increased uptake of improved

agricultural technology

Farmer-to-farmer extension

Agribusiness & marketing skills

enhanced-group members able

to apply business management

principles to enterprises &

improve planning &

management.

Market value chain analysis

completed for 1 priority crop

Farmers actively using improved

market information & linkage to

increase profitability of

agriculture.

Groups, children & community

better able to identify &

articulate environmental

concerns

Practical options for improving

environment & managing

/mitigating severe impacts of

climate change

Information centers – both sub

county & school demo cites

Environmental info including

early warning is shared & used

A participatory baseline to capture physical changes and

community perspective of environmental changes and the

efficacy of community coping mechanismsEstablish school environmental groups with demo sites.

Capacity building of farmers groups.

Modest funds to support evolution of innovation to

address emerging environmental concerns to strengthen

community coping mechanisms.

A sub-county resource centre, dissemination centre and

environmental forum.

Context Examples of

Indicators


Objective

Decentralisation of basicservices in Uganda is stuck atthe district level and is yet tomake a dent in theimprovement to the lives of75% of people living below the$1 a day poverty line in ruralareas.

There is a disconnect betweenformal structures and systemsand community needs andpriorities. This manifests itselfas a lack of participation of thevulnerable in setting prioritiesand deciding on resourceallocation.

Whilst most nationalgovernment policiesemphasise the role ofcommunity participation insustainable development thereare no commensurateresources and programmes toensure that communities arefully empowered to own theirown development processes.

A poor information base at thecommunity level hamperseffective prioritisation andplanning and pro-poorresource allocations by theformal system at district andnational levels.


Train community officials (e.g. Parish development

committees) and community based teams to plan and

budget for feasible and cost-effective basic services and

to make projections (such as on disease surveillance)

Pilot a model of community partnering based on a rights-

based approach that can be replicated by AMREF,

government and other actors

Train teachers, Community Health Centre workers and

extension workers on information management

Facilitate the establishment of community-based

information systems

Number of communityofficials and community-based individuals trained onbasic rights and planningand budgeting for basicservices

Cost benefit analysis dataroutinely updated

Number of teachers, healthworkers and extensionworkers trained oninformation management

Number of community plansdeveloped for improvingbasic services

Infrastructure and otherimprovements made in thesub-county that wereachieved as a result ofthrough community trainingand planning

Improved district andnational health planningdriven by the needs ofcommunities based on datafrom the community-basedHMIS

All parish development

committees trained to plan

and budget for the basic

services needed across all

villages

Parish plans incorporated

into the overall districtdevelopment plan

Community partnering

model is documented and

presented to government

and partners for replication

in other areas

Information management

training provided to 20

teachers, health and

extension workers

Establish community-

based information systems

Increased

community

awareness

and

participation

in obtaining

basic services

Increased

community

capacity to

plan and

budget for

community

needs

Strengthen

community

capacity for

data

gathering and

utilisation

Strengthened

local

governance

Enhance

community

planning to

better meet

community

needs

OBJECTIVE 5: COMMUNITIES EMPOWERED TO ENGAGE IN LOCAL GOVERNANCE

Facilitate community information sessions with IEC

materials on the community's rights to basic services such

as water, health, education

Conduct cost benefit analysis and financial tracking for

evidence-based advocacy for community sensitive

planning and resource allocation at local, district and

national levels

150 community members

trained per annum on

basic rights to water,

health and education

Evidence gathered from

cost benefit analysis

tracking utilised toinfluence participatory

planning and resource

allocation processes at

local, district and national

levels

Acronym Explanation

AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

ANC Antenatal Care

ART Anti Retroviral Therapy

CASHE Community-based Approach to Sanitation and Hygiene Education

CB-DOTS Community-based Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse (for TB)

CMD Community Medicine Distributor

ECOSAN Ecological sanitation (a type of latrine)

EMOC Emergency Obstetric Care

EPI Expanded Programme on Immunization

FP Family Planning

HCIV Health Centre IV (District level health centre)

HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus

HOMAPAK Anti-malarial drug - chloroquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (administered to children between 2 months and 5 yrs old)

HSD Health sub-district

IEC Information, Education, Communication (material)

IMCI Integrated Management of Childhood Illness

IPT Intermittent preventive treatment (for malaria)

ITN Insecticide-treated Net

MOH Ministry of Health

PLWA People living with AIDS

PLWHA People living with HIV/AIDS

PMTCT Prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission

P7 Last year of primary school

PTA Parent Teacher Association

PVC Polyvinyl chloride (Plastic)

SC Sub-County

SRH Sexual Reproductive Health

STI Sexually Transmitted Infection

TB Tuberculosis

TBA Traditional birth attendant

CU5 Children Under-five-years old

VHT Village health team

KATINE COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS PROJECT CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKGLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS

katine community partnerships project conceptual framework

Documents