kathy mrowka august · 2016. 8. 23. · kathy mrowka and nathan weaver state water resources...
TRANSCRIPT
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Kathy MrowkaSTATE WATER RESOURCES CONTROL BOARDAugust 22, 2016
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Goal of Question and Answer Session
• The goal of this session is to review ways to measure water diverted into small ponds and reservoirs.
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Why Measure and Report?
• The implementation of improved measurement and reporting will:– Improve water right administration– Improve transparency of diversion records allowing the Board and all water users to more efficiently manage and use available water supplies
– Improve the protection of public trust resources.
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Livestock Registrations and Certificates
• Holders of livestock stockpond registrations and stockpond certificates:– Are generally not required to measure the amount diverted.
– May estimate the monthly quantity of water diverted using their knowledge of the stockpond, weather conditions, ranching practices, and other relevant information.
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Summary of Measurement Requirements for Storage in a Reservoir
Storage Amount(acre‐feet)
Installation Deadline
Required Accuracy
Required Monitoring Frequency
Qualifications For Installation And Certification
50 af ≤ Storage < 200 af January 1, 2018 15% WeeklyIndividual experienced with measurement and monitoring
10 af < Storage < 50 af January 1, 2018 15% MonthlyIndividual experienced with measurement and monitoring
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How to Calculate the Amount of Water Diverted to Storage
• The amount of water diverted to a small reservoir is equal to the change in storage during the monitoring period.
• Assumptions:– losses due to evaporation and seepage are relatively small compared
to the amount of water diverted.– No water is withdraw from the reservoir during the monitoring period.
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How to Calculate the Amount of Water Diverted to Storage
• A reservoir survey or other field measurements are necessary to develop the stage storage table.
• A stage‐storage table is used to determine the amount of water stored in the reservoir based on the water level.
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Stage‐Storage Table and Curve
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Storage (acre‐feet)
Water
Elevation (ft)
Stage(feet)
Storage(Acre‐Feet)
0 02 0.54 16 28 3.2510 512 814 1316 2018 2820 4022 55
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Tracking the Amount of Water Diverted to Storage
Monitoring Period Water Level Depth(ft)
Associated Storage(acre-feet)
Change in Storage during the Monitoring
Period(acre-feet)
January 10 10
February 15 18 +8
March 20 32 +14
April 19 29 -3
May 18 26 -3
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Measuring Water Level
• There are a number of techniques for measuring water level in a small reservoir.– Staff Gages– Field measurement from known reference point or reference points.
– Pressure transducers
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Selecting Location for Measurement
• Site should be accessible, safe, stable, and convenient.
• Measurement device may be mounted to existing structure to reduce installation cost.
• Site must allow for ease of reading measurement device or downloading data from measurement device.
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Staff Gages
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STAFF GAGES
• A staff gage is a large, weather resistant ruler that is marked to allow for easy and accurate readings of water level.
• There are a number of vendors who sell staff gages.
• Staff gages may also be fabricated on‐site for smaller reservoirs.
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STAFF GAGES
• The staff gage must cover the operational range of the storage in the reservoir or pond
• A vertical staff gauge is the most common type.
• In some instances a sloped staff gauge may need to be installed if it is not practical to install the gauge vertically.
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Homemade Staff Gage
Sloped Staff Gauge
DetailSloped Staff Gauge
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Reference Points
• Water level may also be determined by measuring the distance to the water level from a known reference point.
• The reference point may be above or below the water line. For a reservoir, there will likely be a number of reference points.
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Reference Points
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Water Level Sensors
• The pressure sensor measures pressure due to the water column and the atmosphere.
• The pressure due to the water column is converted into an equivalent depth.
• A stage‐storage table is used to convert the water depth into a storage amount.
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Recent Improvements of Sensors
• Improved Battery Life – they will last multiple years.
• Improved durability and usability. Some units include the pressure sensors and the data logger.
• Improved user interface – USB compatible, Blue tooth, diode.
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Choosing a Data Logger
• Issues to consider when choosing a data logger should include:– Compatibility with the measurement device– Non‐volatile memory– Battery life– Process for downloading and viewing data– Weather resistance and durability– Cost versus manual measurement
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Record Keeping
• Keep records of:– findings during site inspections.– Data used to calculate stage‐storage relationship– Calculation made to develop stage‐storage relationship
– Data from the measurement device:• Data may be automatically recorded to a data logger or a log book may be maintained to record the water level measurements.
• records shall be maintained for a minimum of 10 years
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Kathy Mrowka and Nathan WeaverSTATE WATER RESOURCES CONTROL BOARDAugust 2016