jvs 2010 spring - microsoft...ington experienced job losses beginning in winter 2008 and continued...

Washington State Employment Security DepartmentLabor Market and Economic Analysis

Published July 2010

Washington StateSpring 2010 Job Vacancy Survey Report

vacancies

occupationswages

education

industries

Acknowledgements: The Washington State job vacancy survey report was produced with collaboration from: Robert Haglund, JVS Supervisor; Boyd Crosson and Allen Brown, Information Technology Specialists; Jim Salomon and Randy Smith, Information Technology Applications Specialists; Bonnie Dalebout, Graphic Design Supervisor; and Sandra K. Jones, Communications Consultant.

The team also wishes to acknowledge the data gathering and processing efforts of Diana Allison, Judy Anderson, Shain Brooks, Sarah Colvin, Mary Graves, Isabelle Hoczek, Shasta Ison, Merja Kehl, Cindy Kennedy, David Koplitz, Kurt Kuniyasu, Susan Lewand, Sandra McKibben, Danell McMillian, Sherryl Mickey, Jessica Muth, Kathleen Prieto, Eileen Proctor, Karina Serrano, Sam Troeuy, Rohimen Troyep, Yashonda Wilson, and Lynn Wingender.

For more information, alternative format, or additional reports, contact Nora Keith at (360) 438-4825 or [email protected] or the Labor Market Information Center at 1-800-215-1617.

Employment Security is an equal-opportunity employer and provider of programs and services. Auxiliary aids and services are available upon request to people with disabilities.

Washington State Employment Security DepartmentKaren T. Lee, Commissioner

Labor Market and Economic AnalysisGreg Weeks, Ph.D., Director

Estimates and report prepared by Nora Keith, Economist

Washington StateSpring 2010 Job Vacancy Survey ReportPublished July 2010

mailto:[email protected]

Washington State Job Vacancy Survey Report Spring 2010

1

Washington State Employment Security Department, Labor Market and Economic Analysis

Table of ContentsAbout the Survey ................................................................................................................2Executive Summary ............................................................................................................3Overview.............................................................................................................................4 Figure 1. Employment and Job Vacancies ...................................................................4Area .....................................................................................................................................5 Figure 2. Vacancies by Workforce Development Area ...............................................5 Map of Workforce Development Areas .......................................................................6 Industries ............................................................................................................................7Occupations ........................................................................................................................8Education and Wages ....................................................................................................... 10 Figure 3. Vacancies by Education and Wage ............................................................ 10 Figure 4. Percent of Vacancies by Wage Range ........................................................ 11Duration ............................................................................................................................12 Figure 5. Duration of Vacancies by Education .......................................................... 12 Figure 6. Duration of Vacancies by Employment Size ............................................. 13 Figure 7. Duration of Vacancies by Occupational Group ........................................ 14Firm Size ...........................................................................................................................15 Figure 8. Share of Vacancies and Vacancy Rates by Firm Size ................................ 15

Appendices 1. Job Vacancies by Workforce Development Area ................................................. 17 2. Job Vacancies by Major Occupation Group ........................................................ 18 3. Occupations with the Highest Number of Vacancies .......................................... 19 4. Job Vacancies by Industry .................................................................................... 20 5. Duration of Vacancies by Industry ....................................................................... 21 6. Duration of Vacancies by Occupation Group ..................................................... 21 7. Vacancies by Establishment Size .......................................................................... 22 8. Educational Requirements for Vacant Positions .................................................. 22 9. Wage Ranges Offered by Occupation Group ...................................................... 23 10. Occupations with Most Seasonal or Temporary Vacancies ................................ 24 11. Seasonal Job Vacancies by Industry .................................................................... 24

Job Vacancy Survey Response Rates ............................................................................... 25Industry Classifications ..................................................................................................... 26Occupational Classifications ............................................................................................ 27

Cover image credit: Cashier photo by ©iStock/Sean-Locke

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Washington State Job Vacancy Survey ReportSpring 2010

About The SurveyThe Spring 2010 Washington State Job Vacancy Survey depicts point-in-time estimates of job vacancies in Washington. By measuring the number of vacant positions for which employers are hiring, the Washington job vacancy survey provides valuable insight into employment conditions in our state. Survey results show the number of vacant positions, and also a variety of job characteristics that help reveal the economic context of employers’ immediate workforce needs.

The survey is based on 18,530 employers with an average of three or more employ-ees. The sample represents a population of 99,604 establishments. The original sample was refined to 16,684 establishments by eliminating out-of-business firms, units with unknown addresses, out-of-state units, and individual units of state government. The overall survey response rate was 84 percent, or 14,014 firms.

For each vacant position, the survey gathers information about the following job re-quirements and characteristics:

• Wage offered• Full-time/part-time status• Permanent/temporary status• Duration of vacancy• Newly created position vs. replacement opening• Educational requirements• Licensing/certification requirements• Experience requirements

Results are cross-tabulated by occupation group, industry, and region. Reference lists of occupation and industry categories are located at the end of this report.

Detail results sorted by Workforce Development Area (WDA) are available at:www.workforceexplorer.com

Additional information about the Spring 2010 Washington State Job Vacancy Survey is available by contacting Nora Keith at (360) 438-4825 or [email protected].

http://www.workforceexplorer.com/admin/contentManagement/articles/PreviewArticle.asp?contentID=10499


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Executive Summary The 2010 spring survey records the first increase in the number of vacancies offered since fall 2006. The 2010 survey shows 38,732 vacancies offered compared to the all time high 2006 survey with more than 90,000. The 2010 spring survey also shows an increase of 21 percent for positions offered compared to the 2009 fall survey. Vacancy characteristics such as occupation, industry, and firm size remain steady.

The Greater Puget Sound area continues to be the state’s major growth engine. Va-cancy data generally correspond with employment data. During this survey period the percent increase in the number of unfilled positions was much greater than the per-cent increase in overall employment between the 2009 fall and the 2010 spring survey. Vacancies continue to be disproportionately found in the metropolitan areas of King, Snohomish, Pierce, and Spokane counties. North Central Washington Workforce De-velopment Area (WDA), comprised of Adams, Chelan, Douglas, Grant, and Okanogan counties, experienced a decrease in its number of vacancies.

In terms of industries, vacancies are most likely found in health care, retail trade, and accommodation and food services.

Jobs within the health care occupational group are the openings most likely available during the spring 2010. The next largest number of openings are found in office and administra-tive support and food preparation and serving related. The individual occupation most in demand is registered nurses with an estimated 2,318 openings across the state.

The bulk of openings are not for high-paying jobs; 23 percent of vacant positions offer less than $10.00 per hour. Fifteen percent of vacancies are for positions offer-ing $10.00 to $14.99 per hour. Only 4 percent of vacancies are for positions offering $30.00 or more per hour. The median wage offered for advanced degrees is $29.41 per hour. Median wages for vacancies dropped consistently along with lessened edu-cational requirements in the spring 2010 survey.

The individual occupation most in demand is registered nurses with an estimated 2,318 open-ings across the state.

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OverviewThe Spring 2010 Washington State Job Vacancy Survey results indicate Washington companies were attempting to fill an estimated 38,732 open positions during the April 2010 survey period. The 2009 fall survey estimated job vacancies to be 32,037 while the 2009 spring survey estimated vacancies to be 32,635. The 2010 spring survey represents a year-to-year increase of 19 percent in positions available to job seekers. There is a 21 percent increase when comparing the fall 2009 estimated vacancies to the estimated spring 2010 vacancies. Although there are indications the economy is improving, it is still unclear if Washington and the nation are truly entering a recovery period.

Twice a year, the Job Vacancy Survey attempts to gauge how many job openings pri-vate firms across Washington state are actively attempting to fill. There are over 18,000 firms in the sample drawn, from which information on over 14,000 was gathered. See the Appendices for more information on the sample and response rates.

The spring 2010 survey shows an increase in job openings; 19 percent compared to the spring 2009 survey. This is the first increase out of the last six surveys conducted as depicted in Figure 1. While the national recession began in December 2007, Wash-ington experienced job losses beginning in winter 2008 and continued to experience job losses through 2009. The fall 2009 survey showed a two percent decrease in vacan-

Figure 1. Employment and Job VacanciesWashington State, 2003 to 2010Source: Employment Security Department/LMEA

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cies while the spring survey shows a 21 percent increase. Although it is typical for vacancies to show a rise in the spring and drop in the fall, the increase of the 2010 spring survey is significant. The year-to-year increase of 19 percent is also the first year-to-year increase expe-rienced since the 2006 fall survey. It is usual for vacancies to track fairly closely with employ-ment. The 2010 spring survey shows the percent increase in the number of unfilled positions grew while the percent increase in the number of overall employment shows little growth.

AreaMost vacancies are found in the Puget Sound area; particularly in King, Snohomish, and Pierce counties. Forty-four percent of estimated openings are in King County, 9 percent are in Snohomish County and 8 percent in Pierce County. Spokane County has 6 percent of the estimated openings. Southwest, Northwest, and Pacific Mountain counties each have 5 percent of the estimated openings (Figure 2). King and Snohom-ish counties’ estimates reflect openings slightly lower than each county’s employment share. In contrast, Pierce and Spokane counties have a slightly higher employment share compared to their portion of vacancies. See Appendix 1 for more data by WDA. Eastern Washington has the lowest share of vacancies and the lowest employment share at 2 and 2.4 percent, respectively. Overall, the greater Puget Sound counties of King, Snohomish, and Pierce account for 61 percent of the spring 2010 vacancies and 60 percent of the area’s share of employment.

Figure 2. Vacancies by Workforce Development AreaWashington State, April 2010Source: Employment Security Department/LMEA

Olympic, 4% Pacific Mountain 5%

Northwest Washington, 5%

Snohomish County, 9%

Seattle/King County, 44%

Tacoma/Pierce County, 8%

Southwest Washington, 5%

North Central, 3%

South Central 4%

Eastern Washington, 2%

Benton-Franklin 3%

Spokane, 6%

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Workforce Development Areas

WDA 1 Olympic Consortium: Clallam, Jefferson, KitsapWDA 2 Pacific Mountain: Grays Harbor, Lewis, Mason, Pacific, ThurstonWDA 3 Northwest: Island, Skagit, San Juan, WhatcomWDA 4 Snohomish CountyWDA 5 Seattle-King CountyWDA 6 Pierce CountyWDA 7 Southwest: Clark, Cowlitz, WahkiakumWDA 8 North Central: Adams, Chelan, Douglas, Grant, OkanoganWDA 9 South Central: Kittitas, Klickitat, Yakima, SkamaniaWDA 10 Eastern: Asotin, Columbia, Ferry, Garfield, Lincoln, Pend Oreille, Stevens, Walla Walla, WhitmanWDA 11 Benton-Franklin CountiesWDA 12 Spokane County

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WASHINGTON STATE WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT AREAS

WDA 1 — Olympic Consortium

WDA 2 — Pacific Mountain

WDA 3 — Northwest Washington

WDA 4 — Snohomish County

WDA 5 — Seattle-King County

WDA 6 — Pierce County

WDA 7 — Southwest Washington

WDA 8 — North Central Washington/Columbia Basin

WDA 9 — South Central

WDA 10 — Eastern Washington

WDA 11 — Benton-Franklin

WDA 12 — Spokane County REVISED: 04-18-07


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IndustriesAll industry sectors showed movement between the fall 2009 and spring 2010 survey periods. Fifteen industry sectors experienced vacancy gains while four industry sec-tors experienced losses. The industries showing the largest number in openings are health care, retail trade, and accommodation and food services. The accommodation and food services, information, and manufacturing industries each experienced gains in vacancies of more than 1,000 job openings.

The accommodation and food services sector experienced an 80 percent increase be-tween the 2010 spring and 2009 fall surveys. This sector shows the greatest increase of vacancies with 1,812 openings. The increase in the number of job openings in these sectors can, in part, be explained by increased staffing for the summer season. The in-formation and manufacturing sectors both experienced significant increases in vacancies with 1,150 and 1,041 openings, respective-ly. The health care sector experienced a decrease of five percent (477 vacancies) between the fall and spring surveys. However, this sector continues to lead all other industries in terms of posi-tions employers were seeking to fill (8,311 vacancies). Vacancies by industry are shown in Appendix 4.

The arts, entertainment, and recreation sector realized gains in vacancies of 820 job openings from the fall to spring surveys with employers seeking to fill 1,150 vacancies. Employers in the accommodation and food services sector are seeking to fill 4,090 vacancies. The increase in the number of job openings in these sectors can, in part, be explained by increased staffing for the summer season. The educational services and administrative and waste services sector experienced a gain of 568 and 428 vacancies, respectively. Em-ployers in both sectors are seeking to fill 2,740 and 1,681 vacancies, respectively.

The finance and insurance and construction sectors registered drops in vacancies of more than 200. Although many sectors experienced increases from the fall to spring survey, the increases were small with most showing fewer than 500 openings.

The utilities industry offers the highest median wage rate1 at $34.99 per hour. Profes-sional and technical services industries offers the second highest wage ($24.51) fol-lowed by finance and insurance ($17.65) and education ($16.78). Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting; and accommodation and food service offer the lowest per hour median wage ($8.55). Wage rates for new positions in wholesale trade are $15.00 per hour, and management of companies and enterprises, $14.50 per hour.

1 This wage is in some cases adjusted from annual and monthly reported wages. If a wage range is given, the low end is used. For more information see the Job Vacancy Survey Methodology on workforceexplorer.com.

The indus-tries showing the largest number in openings are health care, retail trade, and accom-modation and food services.

http://www.workforceexplorer.com/article.asp?ARTICLEID=10500

http://www.workforceexplorer.com/article.asp?ARTICLEID=10500

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OccupationsJob vacancies are grouped into major occupation groups (based on two-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) codes). Vacancies in health care-related occupations are most in demand. The spring 2010 survey shows an estimated 4,578 vacancies for this line of occupations. There are an estimated 1,987 vacancies in health care support occupations. The median wage for health care practitioners and technical and health care support occupations is $25.58 and $11.35, respectively. While the median wage for health care practitioners and technical occupations is significantly higher than the all oc-cupations, health care support is close to it. The all occupations median wage is $10.60.

The occupational groups experiencing the largest increases in number of vacancies in the 2010 spring survey are, food preparation and serving related and computer and mathematical with 4,059 and 3,538 vacancies, respectively. Both occupations expe-rienced increases of more than 1,800 vacancies compared to fall 2009. The median hourly offered wage for these occupational groups is $8.55 and $29.41, respectively. The difference in the wages offered for these two occupations is reflected in educa-tion. The higher wages offered for computer and mathematical openings correlates closely with more education. The increase in the number of job openings in food preparation and serving related can, in part, be explained by increased staffing for the summer season.

The three highest median wage jobs are:

1. Management type jobs at $39.22 per hour

2. Legal and computer and math-ematical jobs at $29.41 per hour

3. Architecture and engineering at $26.96 per hour

Photo by ©iStock/Andrei Merkulov


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Data on vacancies by occupational groups are found in Appendix 2.

Appendix 3 lists the top 25 occupations in terms of vacancies. Registered nurses re-corded more vacancies than any other occupation with 2,318 openings in the spring of 2010. Computer software comes in second with an estimated 1,929 open positions. Registered Nurses occupations’ continues to be the most sought after skill.

The health care field continues to be well-represented among the top individual oc-cupations. The following are highlights of this segment with the number of vacancies and overall rank.

• Nursing aids ranked 1st (2,318 vacancies)• Nursing aids, orderlies, and attendants were 7th (853)• Medical assistants ranked 11th (498)• Home health aides were 21st (302)• Personal and home care aids were in the 23rd position (294)• Health specialties teachers, post-

secondary 24th (294)

Computer software engineers, systems software is the second most in demand occu-pations at 1,929 vacancies. Retail continues to be well-represented at 1,607 vacancies. Customer service at 1,425 vacancies offered the fourth most openings within the retail sector, cashiers (668) the ninth, and business operations specialists (1,206) the sixth most openings. Also well-represented in the list of top 25 occupations with vacancies are waiter and waitress occupations.

Photo by ©iStock/Lajos Repasi

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Education and WagesFrom the previous discussion, it is readily apparent higher wages correlate closely with more education. Confirmation of this is seen in Figure 3, which charts both va-cancies and wage by educational requirements2. The median wage rises with every increase in the level of education, peaking at $29.41 per hour for openings requiring a graduate degree.

Figure 3. Vacancies by Education and WageWashington State, April 2010Source: Employment Security Department/LMEA

29% 24% 4% 9% 26% 5%

$8.75$10.20 $13.00

$19.61

$25.74 $29.41

$-

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$15.00

$20.00

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$30.00

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0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

Percent of Vacancies Median Wage

2 Figure 3 does not include non-response and other for educational categories. Because of this the percentage does not add to 100 percent.

The largest number of unfilled openings is among positions requiring no educational requirements (29 percent). The median wage offered for these vacancies is $8.75 per hour. The second largest number of unfilled openings is among positions requiring a bachelor’s degree (26 percent). The median wage offered for these vacancies is $25.74 per hour. Based on these data, a bachelor’s degree is worth $15.54 more per hour than a high school diploma, though this difference can clearly be influenced by the relative mix of occupations in each educational category for any given survey period.


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Occupations requiring a high school diploma were the third most common education-al requirement among vacancies in the spring of 2010. Combined, occupations requir-ing no educational requirements and those requiring a high school diploma provide 53 percent3 of all vacancies. The two categories are close in the number of openings available and the median wage offered for these vacancies is $8.75 per hour and $10.20 per hour, respectively.

Figure 4 shows vacancies by pay range during April 2010. Twenty three percent of those establishments reporting wages specify wages between the minimum wage and less than $10.00 per hour. The next most common pay range represented is $10.00 to $14.99, with 15 percent of all vacancies being offered. Generally, the higher the wage group, the fewer the number of vacancies (with the exception being more vacancies in the $25 to 29.99/hr range than the $20 to 25.99/hr range). This is apparent as the top three wage ranges combined represent 11 percent of the total number of vacan-cies offered. Also note that 45 percent of reported vacancies did not specify wages.

Figure 4. Percent of Vacancies by Wage RangeWashington State, April 2010Source: Employment Security Department/LMEA

23%

15%

6%

3%

4%

4%

45%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

$8.55 - $9.99/hr.

$10 - 14.99/hr.

$15 - 19.99/hr.

$20 - 24.99/hr.

$25 - 29.99/hr.

$30.00/hr. & up

Wage Unspecified

3 This is a percentage of those who reported a valid answer on education. Ninety-five percent of recorded vacancies had education information.

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DurationThe length of time a given position is open usually demonstrates how difficult it is to fill, as well as showing any tendency toward high turnover. When comparing educa-tion against the duration of the opening (Figure 5), the pattern demonstrates that less education correlates with openings being filled more quickly. The spring 2010 survey is typical of this pattern and shows the following:

• Vacancies requiring no educational requirements have the highest per-centage of openings filled within 30 days, 69 percent of the time.

• Openings requiring some college but no degree are most often filled within 30 days, 68 percent of the time.

• Vacancies requiring a high school diploma are most often filled within 30 days, 67 percent of the time.

Openings requiring a graduate degree or higher tend to have the largest percent-age of openings beyond 60 days. The vacancies requiring no educational require-ments or requiring associate’s or vocational degrees tended to have more vacancies open continuously.

Figure 5. Duration of Vacancies by Education Washington State, April 2010Source: Employment Security Department/LMEA

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

No Requirement

HS Diploma

Some College, no Degree

Assoc. or Voc. Degree

Bachelor's Degree

Graduate Degree

Less than 30 Days 30-59 Days 60+ Days Continuously Open


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The length of time it takes to fill a position can also be viewed by employment size:

• firms with 20 to 49 employees fill their positions within 60 days, 69 percent of the time;

• firms with 250 or more employees have the smallest percent of open-ings beyond 60 days, 7 percent of the time; and

• firms with fewer than four employees have the largest percentage of openings beyond 60 days, 29 percent of the time, and they also have the smallest percentage of openings filled within 30 days, 45 percent of the time (Figure 6).

Figure 6. Duration of Vacancies by Employment SizeWashington State, April 2010Source: Employment Security Department/LMEA

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

<4

4-9

10-19

20-49

50-99

100-249

250 & up

Less than 30 days 30-59 days 60+ Days Continuously Open

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The length of time it takes to fill an open position can be viewed by occupational group. The spring 2010 survey shows the farming, fishing, and forestry workers occu-pational group and protective workers experienced little change in duration of open-ings. It is usual for these occupational groups to fill their openings within 30 days, 80 percent of the time. These occupations also tend to be seasonal and there are relative-ly few openings. The construction and extraction occupations also commonly fill their positions within 30 days, 75 percent of the time. Seasonality is also an important factor in construction activity. The building, grounds cleaning, and maintenance workers oc-cupations are filling their positions within 30 days, 77 percent of the time; it is usual for these occupations to experience high turnover. Two other occupations filling their positions quickly are business and financial positions and computer and mathematical. These openings are filled within 30 days, 57 percent of the time (Figure 7).

Figure 7. Duration of Vacancies by Occupational GroupWashington State, April 2010Source: Employment Security Department/LMEA

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Management Business and Financial Occupations

Computer and MathematicalArchitectural and Engineering Life, Physical, & Soc. Science

Community and Social ServicesLegal

Education, Training, and LibraryArts, Design, Ent., Sports, and Media

Health Care Practioners & TechnicalHealth Care Support

Protective Service WorkersFood Prep. & Serving Related Workers

Bldng., Grnds. Cleaning, & Maint. Wkrs.Personal Care & Service Workers

Sales and Related WorkersOffice and Admin. Workers

Farming, Fishing, & Forestry WorkersConstruction and Extraction

Installation, Maint. & Repair OperationsProduction

Transportation & Mat. Moving Workers



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Firm SizeThe approach and experience for a firm seeking to fill an open position is quite differ-ent depending on the size of the firm. The state’s larger companies have hiring re-sources and high profiles unavailable to the smaller companies. The larger companies also have the largest number of reported openings, yet the lowest vacancy rate. Sim-ply stated, there are more vacancies among the largest firms because they have such a large existing workforce. However, when measured per worker:

• smaller firms are more likely to have vacancies than the larger ones;• firms with fewer than four employees have less than 1 percent of total

vacancies, but a 5 percent vacancy rate; and• firms with 250 or more employees have 39 percent of openings but

only a 2 percent vacancy rate (Figure 8).

Figure 8. Share of Vacancies and Vacancy Rates by Firm SizeWashington State, April 2010Source: Employment Security Department/LMEA

0%

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The one exception to this pattern is seen in firms with 20 to 49 employees. These firms have both a higher share of vacancies and a higher vacancy rate than the next largest group, firms of 50 to 99 employees.

The vacancy rate for all firms moved from 2 to 3 percent between the 2009 fall and 2010 spring surveys.

The inverse relationship between large and small firms, for their number of openings and vacancy rates probably reflects the recruiting advantages of the larger firms com-pared to Washington’s smallest firms.

This survey shows the highest wages are found in Washington state’s largest firms where the median offered rate for open positions is $13.35 per hour (Appendix 7). Firms employing 20 to 49 persons and fewer than four persons offer the lowest medi-an wage for open positions, at $9.00 per hour. Firms employing 100 to 249 persons of-fered a median wage for open positions at $10.96 per hour. All the other size cohorts offered an hourly rate in the $10.00 per hour range.

The largest firms have the highest percent of permanent vacancies which require previ-ous experience. Firms with 250 or more employees specify 87 percent of permanent openings requiring experience, and firms employing 100 to 249 persons specify 85 percent. The largest firms also have the highest percent specifying education be-yond high school.


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Appendix 1. Job Vacancies by Workforce Development Area, April 2010

Appendices

1,384

1,830

1,981

3,600

17,098

3,179

1,999

1,285

1,429

834

1,236

2,475

Workforce Development Area Job Vacancies

Area’s Share of Total

Vacancies

Area’s Share of Total

Employment*

Vacancy Rate*

Median Wage Of-fered for Vacant

Positions

Olympic 1,384 4% 3.1% 3.1% $10.25

Pacific Mountain 1,830 5% 4.3% 3.0% $9.75

Northwest Washington 1,981 5% 4.7% 3.0% $9.45

Snohomish County 3,600 9% 8.7% 2.9% $10.20

Seattle/King County 17,098 44% 42.3% 2.8% $12.00

Tacoma/Pierce County 3,179 8% 8.9% 2.5% $13.86

Southwest Washington 1,999 5% 5.6% 2.5% $11.00

North Central 1,285 3% 4.1% 2.2% $9.00

South Central 1,429 4% 4.6% 2.2% $10.00

Eastern Washington 834 2% 2.4% 2.4% $8.75

Benton-Franklin 1,236 3% 4.1% 2.1% $10.03

Spokane 2,475 6% 6.7% 2.5% $9.50

Multi-County 403 1% 0.5% 5.6% $8.55

Total 38,732 100% 100.0% 2.7% $10.60

*Vacancies divided by employment. Employment based on 2009 3rd quarter, UI wage records.

https://www.workforceexplorer.com/admin/uploadedPublications/10533_Appx1_JVSApr_10.xls

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1,

660

$16

.69

65%

79%

29%

6%82

%52

%52

%

Per

sona

l Car

e an

d S

ervi

ce

1,41

6 $

9.25

49

%77

%23

%17

%30

%59

%55

%

Pro

duct

ion

1,18

9 $

9.50

68

%84

%15

%21

%16

%10

%44

%

Arc

hite

ctur

e an

d E

ngin

eerin

g 98

4 $

26.9

6 98

%94

%27

%19

%92

%18

%89

%

Man

agem

ent

931

$39

.22

98%

99%

24%

14%

94%

25%

96%

Bui

ldin

g an

d G

roun

ds C

lean

ing

and

Mai

nten

ance

89

2 $

10.0

0 69

%63

%14

%10

%10

%10

%45

%

Pro

tect

ive

Ser

vice

82

5 $

8.55

19

%28

%17

%2%

2%59

%51

%

Inst

alla

tion,

Mai

nten

ance

, and

Rep

air

814

$14

.50

87%

90%

27%

11%

37%

42%

72%

Arts

, Des

ign,

Ent

erta

inm

ent,

Spo

rts, a

nd M

edia

75

3 $

12.2

0 55

%67

%27

%7%

40%

29%

57%

Com

mun

ity a

nd S

ocia

l Ser

vice

s 62

2 $

17.1

6 75

%93

%41

%9%

81%

70%

79%

Con

stru

ctio

n an

d E

xtra

ctio

n 59

5 $

10.0

0 86

%45

%19

%18

%42

%27

%53

%

Farm

ing,

Fis

hing

, and

For

estry

55

3 $

8.55

97

%14

%19

%2%

0%1%

54%

Life

, Phy

sica

l, an

d S

ocia

l Sci

ence

23

6 $

24.1

2 90

%86

%24

%8%

96%

28%

62%

Lega

l 15

8 $

29.4

1 97

%93

%12

%15

%89

%50

%91

%

Tota

l38

,732

$10

.60

68%

84%

26%

12%

47%

37%

61%



19


App

endi

x 3.

Occ

upat

ions

with

the

Hig

hest

Num

ber o

f Vac

anci

es, A

pril

2010

Spe

cific

Occ

upat

ion

Apr

il, 2

010

Vaca

ncie

s Fu

ll-tim

e O

peni

ngs

Per

man

ent

Ope

ning

s

Vaca

nt

60+

Day

s

New

ly

Cre

ated

P

ositi

ons

Req

uirin

g E

duca

tion

Bey

ond

HS

/G

ED

Req

uirin

g Li

cens

e or

C

ertifi

cate

Req

uirin

g P

revi

ous

Exp

erie

nce

Reg

iste

red

Nur

ses

2,31

859

%97

%41

%6%

93%

97%

71%

Com

pute

r Sof

twar

e E

ngin

eers

, Sys

tem

s S

oftw

are

1,92

910

0%99

%27

%4%

100%

1%99

%

Ret

ail S

ales

pers

ons

1,60

742

%84

%24

%15

%3%

15%

39%

Cus

tom

er S

ervi

ce R

epre

sent

ativ

es1,

425

58%

87%

16%

7%13

%8%

46%

Com

bine

d Fo

od P

rep.

and

Srv

ng. W

rkrs

., In

cl. F

ast F

ood

1,21

227

%89

%41

%5%

8%67

%6%

Bus

ines

s O

pera

tions

Spe

cial

ists

, All

Oth

er1,

206

100%

99%

24%

10%

96%

5%96

%

Nur

sing

Aid

es, O

rder

lies,

and

Atte

ndan

ts85

358

%92

%30

%9%

58%

97%

44%

Wai

ters

and

Wai

tress

es81

616

%53

%27

%24

%0%

81%

65%

Cas

hier

s66

819

%79

%13

%15

%3%

5%16

%

Sal

es R

epre

sent

ativ

es, S

ervi

ces,

All

Oth

er55

490

%95

%40

%7%

34%

14%

69%

Med

ical

Ass

ista

nts

498

68%

94%

29%

16%

65%

60%

65%

Com

pute

r Sof

twar

e E

ngin

eers

, App

licat

ions

448

97%

97%

20%

8%99

%10

%98

%

Lfgr

ds.,

Ski

Ptrl

, and

Oth

er R

ecr.

Pro

tect

ive

Svc

. Wor

kers

423

17%

18%

0%4%

0%96

%80

%

Mai

ds a

nd H

ouse

keep

ing

Cle

aner

s41

862

%54

%6%

3%0%

4%31

%

Tank

Car

, Tru

ck, a

nd S

hip

Load

ers

417

79%

81%

0%34

%0%

1%4%

Truc

k D

river

s, L

ight

or D

eliv

ery

Ser

vice

s40

785

%79

%11

%13

%14

%77

%68

%

Cou

nter

Atte

nds.

, Caf

eter

ia, F

ood

Con

cesn

., an

d C

offe

e S

hop

377

22%

84%

14%

5%2%

35%

14%

Coa

ches

and

Sco

uts

375

37%

55%

22%

2%12

%52

%42

%

Sto

ck C

lerk

s an

d O

rder

Fill

ers

352

20%

66%

4%34

%2%

3%9%

Acc

ount

ants

and

Aud

itors

343

97%

98%

27%

11%

97%

26%

93%

Hom

e H

ealth

Aid

es30

239

%97

%70

%17

%4%

33%

22%

Net

wor

k an

d C

ompu

ter S

yste

ms

Adm

inis

trato

rs29

610

0%98

%8%

6%95

%6%

88%

Per

sona

l and

Hom

e C

are

Aid

es29

435

%92

%36

%12

%25

%47

%63

%

Hea

lth S

peci

altie

s Te

ache

rs, P

osts

econ

dary

294

95%

96%

85%

8%98

%36

%54

%

Pro

duct

ion

Wor

kers

, All

Oth

er27

774

%49

%10

%12

%1%

2%36

%

Tota

l38

,732

68%

84%

26%

12%

47%

37%

61%


20



App

endi

x 4.

Job

Vac

anci

es b

y In

dust

ry, A

pril

2010

Maj

or O

ccup

atio

n G

roup

Vac

anci

es

Med

ian

Wag

e

Offe

red

Full-

time

Ope

ning

sP

erm

anen

t O

peni

ngs

Vaca

nt

60+

Day

s

New

ly

Cre

ated

P

ositi

ons

Req

uirin

g E

duca

tion

Bey

ond

HS

/G

ED

Req

uirin

g Li

cens

e or

C

ertifi

cate

Req

uirin

g P

revi

ous

Exp

erie

nce

Vaca

ncy

Rat

e*

Hea

lth C

are

and

Soc

ial A

ssis

tanc

e8,

311

$15

.24

63%

94%

35%

9%67

%70

%63

%4%

Ret

ail T

rade

5,61

3 $

8.82

54

%90

%20

%9%

26%

10%

41%

4%

Acc

omm

odat

ion

and

Food

Ser

vice

s4,

090

$8.

55

38%

74%

28%

11%

8%58

%42

%6%

Edu

catio

nal S

ervi

ces

2,74

0 $

16.7

8 64

%78

%25

%5%

76%

55%

52%

1%

Info

rmat

ion

2,70

6 $

11.7

8 95

%98

%24

%8%

79%

7%87

%4%

Pro

fess

iona

l and

Tec

hnic

al S

ervi

ces

2,61

7 $

24.5

1 92

%95

%21

%16

%85

%15

%89

%3%

Man

ufac

turin

g2,

167

$12

.00

92%

85%

17%

16%

52%

8%67

%1%

Adm

inis

trativ

e an

d W

aste

Ser

vice

s1,

681

$9.

50

57%

57%

27%

45%

31%

50%

84%

2%

Oth

er S

ervi

ces,

exc

ept P

ublic

Adm

in.

1,28

2 $

10.0

0 64

%89

%32

%13

%52

%46

%52

%4%

Fina

nce

and

Insu

ranc

e1,

185

$17

.65

87%

98%

19%

9%53

%18

%86

%3%

Who

lesa

le T

rade

1,17

0 $

15.0

0 87

%95

%11

%18

%40

%14

%83

%2%

Arts

, Ent

erta

inm

ent,

and

Rec

reat

ion

1,15

0 $

8.60

26

%30

%36

%2%

5%43

%54

%5%

Tran

spor

tatio

n an

d W

areh

ousi

ng1,

000

$11

.70

85%

88%

32%

29%

9%48

%36

%2%

Con

stru

ctio

n96

2 $

11.0

0 87

%65

%37

%19

%40

%27

%49

%1%

Mgm

t. of

Com

pani

es a

nd E

nter

pris

es69

1 $

14.5

0 97

%98

%16

%11

%45

%18

%79

%3%

Rea

l Est

ate

and

Ren

tal a

nd L

easi

ng65

2 $

12.0

0 78

%80

%19

%6%

40%

25%

67%

3%

Agr

ic.,

Fore

stry

, Fis

hing

and

Hun

ting

635

$8.

55

97%

20%

20%

6%7%

7%60

%1%

Util

ities

****

****

****

****

****

Min

ing

****

****

****

****

****

All

Indu

strie

s38

,732

$10

.60

68%

84%

26%

12.0

%47

%37

%61

%3%

*Vac

anci

es d

ivid

ed b

y em

ploy

men

t. Em

ploy

men

t ba

sed

on 2

009

3rd

quar

ter,

UI

wag

e re

cord

s.**

Supp

ress

ed d

ue to

smal

l sam

ple.



21


Appendix 5. Duration of Vacancies by Industry, April 2010

Appendix 6. Duration of Vacancies by Occupation Group, April 2010

Percent of Vacancies by Duration of Opening at Time of Survey

Occupation Group Less than 30 Days 30-59 Days 60+ Days Continuous Total

Vacancies

Management 54% 22% 22% 2% 931

Business and Financial Occupations 57% 20% 19% 4% 2,758

Computer and Mathematical 57% 19% 23% 1% 3,538

Architectual and Engineering 53% 20% 24% 3% 984

Life, Physical, & Soc. Science 57% 19% 22% 2% 236

Community and Social Services 45% 14% 37% 4% 622

Legal 63% 25% 12% 0% 158

Education, Training, and Library 57% 13% 15% 14% 1,660

Arts, Design, Ent., Sports, and Media 56% 17% 16% 11% 753

Health Care Practioners & Technical 40% 18% 27% 14% 4,578

Health Care Support 50% 13% 15% 22% 1,987

Protective Service Workers 80% 2% 11% 6% 825

Food Prep. & Serving Related Workers 69% 3% 4% 23% 4,059

Building, Grounds Cleaning, & Maint. Workers 77% 9% 5% 9% 892

Personal Care & Service Workers 70% 7% 7% 16% 1,416

Sales and Related Workers 65% 9% 8% 19% 4,036

Office and Admin. Workers 70% 13% 9% 8% 4,148

Farming, Fishing, & Forestry Workers 81% 0% 0% 19% 553

Construction and Extraction 75% 6% 14% 5% 595

Installation, Maint. & Repair Operations 60% 13% 5% 21% 814

Production 71% 14% 6% 9% 1,189

Transportation & Mat. Moving Workers 65% 12% 12% 11% 2,000

Total 61% 13% 14% 12% 38,732

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Agric., Forestry, Fishing and HuntingMining

UtilitiesConstruction

ManufacturingWholesale Trade

Retail TradeTransportation and Warehousing

InformationFinance and Insurance

Real Estate and Rental and LeasingProfessional and Technical Services

Mgmt. of Companies and EnterprisesAdministrative and Waste Services

Educational ServicesHealth Care and Social Assistance

Arts, Entertainment, and RecreationAccommodation and Food Services

Other Svcs., exc. Public Admin.



22



Appendix 7. Vacancies by Establishment Size, April 2010

Appendix 8. Educational Requirements for Vacant Positions, April 2010

Number of Employees Vacancies

Median Wage

Offered

Full Time Permanent

Newly Created Positions

Vacant 60+ Days

Requiring Education Beyond HS/GED

Requiring Certificate or License

Requiring Previous

Experience

<4 149 $9.00 58% 62% 17% 47% 26% 71% 52%

4-9 1,578 $10.00 56% 85% 18% 22% 36% 50% 64%

10-19 1,891 $10.00 54% 83% 16% 23% 32% 36% 63%

20-49 5,609 $9.00 52% 73% 18% 23% 30% 51% 56%

50-99 5,032 $10.02 67% 88% 13% 29% 40% 39% 54%

100-249 9,334 $10.96 71% 85% 11% 23% 39% 27% 56%

250 & up 15,140 $13.35 75% 87% 9% 28% 65% 36% 69%

Total 38,732 $10.60 68% 84% 12% 26% 47% 37% 61%

Required Education Level Vacancies

Median Wage

Offered

Full-time Openings

Permanent Openings

Vacant 60+

Days

Newly Created Positions

Requiring Education Beyond HS/GED

No Requirement 10,117 $8.75 44% 66% 24% 16% 0%

HS Diploma 8,367 $10.20 62% 87% 21% 15% 0%

Some College, no Degree 1,276 $13.00 72% 67% 23% 14% 100%

Assoc. or Voc. Degree 3,090 $19.61 71% 93% 36% 11% 100%

Bachelor's Degree 8,979 $25.74 90% 97% 27% 9% 100%

Graduate Degree 1,588 $29.41 85% 95% 40% 12% 100%

Other 1,759 $12.48 72% 87% 42% 10% 100%

No Response 3,556 $11.39 77% 91% 20% 2% 0%

Total 38,732 $10.60 68% 84% 26% 12% 47%




23


Appendix 9. Wage Ranges Offered by Occupation Group, April 2010

Occupation Group 25th Percentile Median 75th Percentile

Management 29.41 39.22 45.59

Business and Financial Operations 15.01 22.06 29.41

Computer and Mathematical 24.51 29.41 36.76

Architecture and Engineering 20.00 26.96 36.76

Life, Physical, and Social Science 16.40 24.12 32.08

Community and Social Services 13.00 17.16 19.61

Legal 16.31 29.41 36.91

Education, Training, and Library 11.54 16.69 19.36

Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media 9.50 12.20 18.00

Health Care Practitioners and Technical 19.86 25.58 29.14

Health Care Support 10.03 11.35 13.70

Protective Service 8.55 8.55 8.60

Food Preparation and Serving Related 8.55 8.55 9.00

Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance 8.75 10.00 12.48

Personal Care and Service 8.85 9.25 10.40

Sales and Related 8.55 9.00 11.00

Office and Administrative Support 9.00 11.00 13.75

Farming, Fishing, and Forestry 8.55 8.55 8.55

Construction and Extraction 10.00 10.00 17.16

Installation, Maintenance, and Repair 10.00 14.50 22.69

Production 8.65 9.50 11.46

Transportation and Material Moving 9.00 10.00 13.92

All Occupations 8.75 10.60 17.16

Explanation: Wages represent the offered wage on an hourly basis for vacant positions, as reported by employers. In cases where wage ranges were provided the low end of the range was included in this measure.


24



Appendix 10. Occupations with Most Seasonal or Temporary Vacancies, April 2010

Appendix 11. Seasonal Job Vacancies by Industry, April 2010

Occupation Total Vacancies

Seasonal Vacancies

Percent Temporary or

Seasonal

Percent Full Time

Percent New

Grand Total 38,732 6,024 16% 68% 12%

Registered Nurses 2,318 76 3% 59% 6%

Computer Software Engineers, Systems Software 1,929 9 1% 100% 4%

Retail Salespersons 1,607 249 16% 42% 15%

Customer Service Representatives 1,425 191 13% 58% 7%

Combined Food Prep. and Srvng. Wrkrs., Incl. Fast Food 1,212 137 11% 27% 5%

Business Operations Specialists, All Other 1,206 11 1% 100% 10%

Nursing Aides, Orderlies, and Attendants 853 68 8% 58% 9%

Waiters and Waitresses 816 383 47% 16% 24%

Cashiers 668 141 21% 19% 15%

Sales Representatives, Services, All Other 554 25 5% 90% 7%

Industry Seasonal Percentage

Non-seasonal Percentage

All Job Vacancies

Temporary/ Seasonal Vacancies

Median Wage

Offered

Full Time

Accommodation and Food Services 26% 74% 4,090 1,066 $8.55 38%

Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 70% 30% 1,150 800 $8.60 26%

Administrative and Waste Services 43% 58% 1,681 705 $9.50 57%

Educational Services 22% 78% 2,740 600 $16.78 64%

Retail Trade 10% 90% 5,613 543 $8.82 54%

Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting 80% 20% 635 507 $8.55 97%

Health Care and Social Assistance 6% 95% 8,311 453 $15.24 63%

Construction 35% 65% 962 336 $11.00 87%

Manufacturing 15% 85% 2,167 327 $12.00 92%

Other Services, exc. Public Administration 11% 89% 1,282 146 $10.00 64%

Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 20% 80% 652 131 $12.00 78%

Professional and Technical Services 5% 95% 2,617 128 $24.51 92%

Transportation and Warehousing 12% 88% 1,000 118 $11.70 85%

Wholesale Trade 5% 95% 1,170 62 $15.00 87%

Information 2% 98% 2,706 57 $11.78 95%

Finance and Insurance 2% 98% 1,185 23 $17.65 87%

Mgmt. of Companies and Enterprises 2% 98% 691 15 $14.50 97%

Utilities 9% 91% 77 7 $34.39 94%

Mining 0% 100% 2 0 NA 100%

Grand Total 16% 84% 38,732 6,024 $10.60 68%




25


Job Vacancy Survey Response RatesUniverse: Population of establishments covered by unemployment insurance tax law in Washington state employing an average of three or more employees during the third quarter of 2009. For a given firm with multiple establishments or worksites in a given WDA, all those establishments are selected into the sample with probability of selection proportionate to size.

Sample Summary Number of Establishments Population of Establishments* 99,604Original Sample Drawn 18,530Number of firms in Sample (see reason codes below) 16,684 Contacted in Sample 14,271 Not Contacted 2,413

Total In and Out of Sample, by Reason

Reason Code Number of Establishments

In/out of Sample

1 - Response - No Vacancies 11,084 In2 - Response - with Vacancies 2,944 In3 - Refusal 243 In4 - Invalid Address 1,396 Out5 - Out of Business 311 Out6 - Inactive 126 Out7 - Out of State 9 Out8 - Duplicate 4 Out9 - Govt. Agency 0 Out

Response RateNumber of Firms in Sample (see reason codes above) 16,6841 - Responded, no Vacancies 11,084 2 - Responded, with Vacancies 2,944 Total Response 14,028Response Rate 84%

*As of October 2009.

26



Industry ClassificationsWashington’s Job Vacancy Survey used a sample of firms representative of the industry composition of Washington employers. The new North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) was used to define and sort firms by industry. Firms are classified by in-dustry as part of the ongoing administration of the unemployment insurance tax program. Major NAICS groupings are outlined below:

NAICS Industry Industry Description11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing,

HuntingFirms engaged in growing crops, raising animals, harvesting timber, harvesting fish and other animals from farms, ranches, or the animals’ natural habitat.

21 Mining Firms that extract naturally occurring mineral solids, liquid minerals, and gases.22 Utilities Firms engaged in generating, transmitting, and/or distributing electricity, gas, steam, and water, and

removing sewage through a permanent infrastructure.23 Construction Firms engaged in erecting buildings and other structures; heavy construction other than buildings; and

alterations, reconstruction, installation, and maintenance and repairs.31-33 Manufacturing Firms engaged in the mechanical, physical, or chemical transformation of material, substances, or

components into new products. 41-43 Wholesale Trade Firms engaged in selling or arranging for the purchase or sale of goods for resale; capital or durable

nonconsumer goods; and raw and intermediate materials and supplies used in productions, and providing services incidental to the sale of the merchandise.

44-46 Retail Trade Firms engaged in retailing merchandise generally in small quantities to the general public and providing services incidental to the sale of the merchandise.

48-49 Transportation and Warehousing Firms that provide transportation of passengers and cargo, warehousing and storing goods, scenic and sightseeing transportation, and supporting these activities.

51 Information Firms engaged in distributing information and cultural products, providing the means to transmit or distribute these products as data or communications, and processing data.

52 Finance and Insurance Firms engaged in the creation, liquidation, or change in ownership of financial assets (financial transactions) and/or facilitating financial transactions.

53 Real Estate and Rental and Leasing Firms engaged in renting, leasing, or otherwise allowing the use of tangible or intangible assets (except copyrighted works), and providing related services.

54 Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services

Firms specializing in performing professional, scientific, and technical services for the operations of other organizations.

55 Management of Companies and Enterprises

Firms who hold securities of companies and enterprises, for the purpose of owning controlling interest or influencing their management decision, or administering, overseeing, and managing other establishments of the same company or enterprise and normally undertaking the strategic or organizational planning and decision making of the company or enterprise.

56 Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services

Firms performing routine support activities for the day-to-day operation of other organizations.

61 Educational Services Firms providing instruction and training in a wide variety of subjects.62 Health Care and Social Assistance Firms providing health care and social assistance for individuals.

71 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation Firms engaged in operating or providing services to meet varied cultural, entertainment, and recreational interests of their patrons.

72 Accommodation and Food Services Firms providing customers with lodging and/or preparing meals, snacks, and beverages for immediate consumption.

81 Other Services (except Public Administration)

Firms providing services not elsewhere specified, including repairs, religious activities, grant making, advocacy, laundry, personal care, death care, and other personal services.

91-93 Public Administration Federal, state and/or local agencies that administer, oversee, and manage public programs and have executive, legislative, or judicial authority over other institutions in a given area.

Source: North American Industry Classification System, United States Office of Management and Budget, 2002. NAICS Web page:www.census.gov/epcd/www/naics.html

http://www.census.gov/epcd/www/naics.html


27


Occupational Classifications The Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system defines and organizes occu-pations into a hierarchical system by which both detailed occupations and broader occupational groups can be examined. SOC defines some 820 occupations in detail with the ability to summarize those to 450 broad occupations, 98 minor occupational groups, 22 major occupational groupings, and 10 super-groups (excluding military-specific occupations). The SOC is a system newly adopted by most state employment security agencies and used by the Bureau of Labor Statistics along with all other fed-eral statistical agencies.

A detailed SOC dictionary is online at: www.bls.gov/soc/.

Major Occupational Group Sample OccupationsArchitecture and Engineering Architects, Chemical Engineers, and DraftersArt, Design, Entertainment and Media Coaches, Producers and Directors, and Radio OperatorsBuilding, Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance

Housekeeping Cleaners, Janitors, and Pest Control Workers

Business and Financial Operations Accountants, Financial Analysts, and Human Resource SpecialistsCommunity and Social Service Clergy, Health Educators, and Marriage and Family TherapistsComputer and Mathematical Actuaries, Computer Programmers, and Computer Support Specialists Construction and Extraction Construction Laborers, Carpenters, and ElectriciansEducation, Training and Library Librarians, Post-secondary Teachers, and Special Education TeachersFarming, Fishing and Forestry Agricultural Inspectors, Animal Breeders, and FarmersFood Preparation and Serving Related Cooks, Food Preparation Workers, and Waiters and WaitressesHealth Care Practitioners and Technical Dentists, Physicians, and Registered NursesHealth Care Support Dental Assistants, Home Health Aides, and Pharmacy AidesInstallation, Maintenance and Repair Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics, Motorcycle Mechanics,

and MillwrightsLegal Court Reporters, Lawyers, and ParalegalsLife, Physical and Social Science Anthropologists, Chemists, and GeographersManagement Educational Administrators, Marketing Managers, and Medical and Health

Service ManagersOffice and Administrative Support Customer Service Representatives, Tellers, and SecretariesPersonal Care and Service Child Care Workers, Hairdressers and Hairstylists, and Personal and Home

Care Aides Production Butchers and Meat Cutters, Foundry Mold and Coremakers, and

MachinistsProtective Service Animal Control Workers, Detectives, and Police OfficersSales and Related Cashiers, Insurance Sales Agents, and Retail SalespersonsTransportation and Material Moving Airline Pilots, Bus Drivers, and Truck Drivers

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. SOC Website www.bls.gov/soc/ . List of sample occupations provided courtesy of the Minnesota Department of Employment Security.

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