JUST DO IT:

The World’s population is expected to reach what number today?

Session 2: Expansion and The Jacksonian Era

The War of 1812 and Nationalism

Class Objectives• Identify the major causes of the

War of 1812.

• Identify the main theatres and battles of the War of 1812.

• Identify the results of the War of 1812.

• Identify the other acts and treaties that led to the development of the American nation.

The War of 1812• The War of 1812 against

Great Britain confirmed American independence and strengthened the sense of nationalism in the U.S.

• President James Madison (Democratic-Republican) asked for declaration of war from Congress in 1812.

• U.S. forces unprepared for war with Great Britain.

Causes of the War of 1812

• 1. British Impressment– The British navy

seized American ships traveling to Europe and “impressed” or drafted Americans into the British navy.

– The Americans respond with an embargo on British goods.

• Jefferson passes the Embargo Act of 1807 – ban on all foreign trade so that Great Britain and France would respect U.S. neutrality

• Embargo Act didn’t work, eventually repealed

Causes of the War of 1812

2. Tecumseh’s Confederacy– British were encouraging Native

Americans on the Northwest Territory to rebel against the U.S.

– The Shawnee chief Tecumseh launched offensive actions against American settlements in the Indiana Territory. • fought and lost to the U.S. forces under

William Henry Harrison at the Battle of Tippecanoe

– The weapons Tecumseh used were provided by the British in Canada

Causes of the War of 1812

3. The War Hawks– Young western and

southern Congressmen called “War Hawks” led by John Calhoun and Henry Clay, demand war with Britain.

Henry Clay John C. Calhoun

Activity: Theatres and Battles

• Students will read pages 204-205 and fill out the worksheet provided.

• Students must include the locations, outcomes, important people and events.

• Be sure to label the map provided as well. Use the map on page 204 to assist you

• Students will be expected to complete this assignment in 20 minutes.

Treaty of Ghent• The Treaty of Ghent,

signed on Christmas Eve 1814 in Belgium, officially ends the war when an armistice is declared.– Nothing in treaty about

impressment issue

• In 1815 trade relations between the Britain and the U.S. are reopened.

• In 1817, the Rush-Bagot treaty is reached which limited British warships on the Great Lakes.

Hartford Convention• Hartford Convention, 1814:

–Secret meeting of Federalists from New England who were in opposition to the war• Complained about government regulation of the economy

• Called for a series of constitutional amendments

• New England states talked of succession from the Union if demands were not met

• Led to the destruction of the Federalist Party!

Results of the War

– U.S. made claims to the Oregon territory– In 1818 Britain and the U.S. agree to

a joint occupation of the Oregon Territory.

– U.S. settlers moved in larger numbers into Florida, which was later acquired from Spain• The Adams Onis Treaty: Spain ceded control

of Florida to the U.S. in 1819.

• Westward Expansion

Results of the WarLabel FL, Oregon Territory, and the Louisiana Territory.

Check for Understanding

• What were the major causes of the War of 1812?

• What were the major theatres and battles of the war?

• What treaty officially ended the War of 1812?

• What were the other results of the War of 1812?

• What was the Adams Onis Treaty?

Next Class

• Next Class: – Session III Notes

• Homework: – Complete Summary Sections

of notes! – Complete War of 1812

Graphic Organizer in your notes packet!