JUMPSTART

• Have out your Urban Game town to finish up quickly.

• What do you notice about your town so far?

• Would you want to live there? Why or why not?

Urban Game Debrief

1. How did your town change from now until the end?

2. What problems do you now see?

3. Why didn’t you plan ahead for them?

4. What is the future going to hold for your city?

5. Describe the negative effects of urbanization.

6. Describe the positive effects of urbanization.

Early Industry and Inventions

Manufacturing, Transportation, Communication, and Farming

5 W’s & H

• Who was involved?

• What did they do/invent?

• Where did they have the most influence?

• When did this take place?

• Why did they do/invent what they did?

• How did it effect the country?

Jump Start-PAP

• In your journal, make 3 columns labeled people, places, and things While you read the following assignment, record all

SIGNIFICANT people, places, and things We will use this list later

• Turn to page 325 in the blue book

• Read from the beginning of 325-327

• STOP when you get to “A New Way to Manufacture)

Industrial Revolution

• Industrial Revolution- during the late 18th century factory machines replaced hand tools large scale manufacturing replaced farming as the main source of

work

• Before this, most manufacturing was done in the home Farm families produced what they needed This was known as the cottage industry

• In the 1700’s, Britain jumped ahead of the U.S. in industrial production with the steam engine

• Britain carefully guarded their secret…why do you think they would do this?

Industry Begins in the U.S.

• 1789- Samuel Slater came to the U.S. from Britain Brought plans for a water

powered textile mill

• Progress was slow until the Embargo Act of 1807 and the War of 1812 How did these events

help?

Factory System

• Factory system- brought workers and machines together under one roof

• Moved from an agricultural society to one focused on industrialization development of industry (processing raw materials to

manufacture goods) on a large scale

• This change was not always for the better In what ways would industrialization be negative?

• New England was a good place to set up factories Had many fast-moving rivers Ships for quick transport of goods Willing labor force

The Lowell Mills Hire Women

• In 1813, Francis Cabot Lowell built a factory in Massachusetts

• The factory spun cotton into yarn and wove the cotton into cloth.

• “Lowell girls” lived in boardinghouses supervised by older women Strict rules Forced church attendance

• Worked over 12 hours a day in extremely loud factories

Jump Start

• Put ALL of your things against the white board.

• I will provide everything you will need for the beginning of class.

• Pick up a blank sheet of paper and a pen from the front table.

• Draw your best “paper doll” complete with head, arms, legs, a face, and clothes.

Interchangeable Parts, Steamboat, Telegraph, Cotton Gin

Inventions: Changes in production, Transportation, and Communication

Interchangeable Parts

• The first interchangeable parts were created by Eli Whitney• Interchangeable parts- Identical parts that can be

substituted in the manufacture or repair of a product first created for muskets for the U.S. military

• Factories began producing matching parts to many products Sped up production, made repairs easier, and allowed the use of lower-

paid, less skilled workers.

Interchangeable

Parts (increas

ed producti

on)

created by Eli

Whitney

Sped up production,

made repairs easier, and

allowed the use of lower-paid,

less skilled workers

Identical parts that can

be substituted in

the manufacture or repair of a

product

The Cotton Gin

• Eli Whitney also invented the cotton gin

• The gin took the seeds out of the cotton, which was much faster than doing it by hand From 1 to 50 lbs per day

• Resulted in cotton as a viable cash crop Increased the need for

more land and slaves

Cotton Gin (increased production)

created by Eli

Whitney

Resulted in cotton as a viable cash

crop

Increased the need for more land and slaves

took the seeds out of the cotton;

faster than by hand

Steamboat

• Some inventions increased production

• Others improved transportation and communication

• 1807- Robert Fulton designed a steamboat that could move against the current and the wind Clermont

• The steamboat created more opportunities for trade and transportation on rivers.

The Telegraph

• 1837- invented by Samuel Morse

• Sent long and short pulses of electricity along a wire

• Took only seconds to communicate with another city

• The invention of the steamboat and telegraph brought the people of the nation closer to each other

Inventions that

Increased Communicat

ion and Transportati

on Steamboat (created by Robert Fulton): could

move against the current and the wind; created more opportunities for

trade and transportation on rivers

Telegraph (invented by Samuel Morse): Sent

long and short pulses of electricity along a wire; Took only seconds to

communicate with another city

Think-Pair-Share

• How did developments in communication and transportation impact growth, development, and urbanization of the U.S.? Pg. 328-329

Think-Pair-Share

• How did industrialization in the North and the invention of the cotton gin in the South lead to increased sectionalism? Pg. 332-334