Joy Kirchner

James MadisonJune 14, 2012.

OPENNESS: CONTRIBUTE, ACCESS, USE

ACRL Scholarly Communications Roadshow:

From Understanding to Engagement

Understand the conceptual underpinnings of open movements

Understand what the open access and public access movements are

Identify current events within the open and public access movements

Identify other open movements

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Open to contributions and participation

Open and free to access

Open to use & reuse w/few or no restrictions

Open to indexing and machine readable

WHAT DO WE MEAN BY OPEN?

PARTICIPATEin

BUILDING and

CONTRIBUTE

EXPERTISE

AS OPPOSED TO…

OPEN and FREE TO ACCESS

AS OPPOSED TO…

OPEN TO USE and REUSE WITH FEW or NO RESTRICTIONS

AS OPPOSED TO…

OPEN TO MACHINE READING, INDEXING, and PROCESSING

Click icon to add picture

AS OPPOSED TO…

Generally enabled by technology

Works both inside and outside of traditional models

Supported by a variety of business models

COMMONALITIES

OPEN MOVEMENTS

Open accessPublic access

Open sourceOpen educationOpen dataOpen scienceOpen booksOpen peer review….

Open access literature is digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions.

- Peter Suber

OPEN ACCESS

Gratis: You can read it for free. Anything else, you better ask permission.

Libre: With credit given, OK to text-mine, re-catalog, mirror for preservation, quote, remix, whatever.

Most OA is gratis. You get to “libre” via Creative Commons licensing, usually.

(text from Dorothea Salo)

GRATIS VS. LIBRE

1) Open Access publishing

2) Author self-archiving

2.5) Hybrid open access publishing

TWO (AND A HALF) ROADS TO OPEN ACCESS

2.5 PATHS TO OPEN ACCESS

MANUSCRIPT ….

Open Access journal(PLOS Medicine; BioMedCentral,

DOAJ)

Open access copy

in online archive

(IR; Pubmed Central)

Traditional subscription access journals

Articles can be made OA by publishing in an OA journal or self archiving OA copies from a traditional publication

gold

New Models of Scholarly Publishing

Green -ARCHIVING

HYBRID $$

Has taken time for impact factors and reputation to build

Business models still emerging

Author-pays model has better traction in the STM communityGrant funds common source of feesCan COPE funds redress the balance for fields with fewer grants?

OPEN ACCESS PUBLISHINGISSUES AND QUESTIONS

Sustainability sometimes an issue

Participation of faculty (particularly for institutional) Discipline based repositories often rooted in cultures used to

sharing

Often include a range of material including student work, grey literature, theses and dissertations, etc.

For published literature, confusion over what can be deposited (post print, pre print, published version?)

Copyright & contract issues murky and (often) frustrating

OPEN ACCESS ARCHIVINGISSUES AND QUESTIONS

HYBRID MODELS

Publisher Price Notes

Elsevier Sponsored Article $3,000 Some journals (In 2011, 959 Elsevier articles were sponsored and published.)

Oxford Open $3,000 Some journals; lower price if author is from a developing country

Springer Open Choice $3,000 All journals; allows CC-BY licensing

American Chemical Society AuthorChoice

$1,000 – 3,000 Lowest price if institution subscribes & have personal membership

Plant Physiology $1,500/ $500 / Free

OA free for members of ASPB; Discount if non-member but institution subscribes

PEERJ MODEL

Public should have ready and

easy access to taxpayer

funded research

Many legislative efforts in US to halt and expand

this.

PUBLIC ACCESS MANDATES

Offi ce of Science and Technology Planning of the White House: Request for Information on Public Access to Peer-Reviewed Scholarly

Publications Resulting From Federally Funded Research Request for Information: Public Access to Digital Data Resulting From

Federally Funded Scientific Research Out of the COMPETE act

Continuing anger over Research Works Act - H.R. 3699 (now withdrawn) - http://thecostofknowledge.com/

Federal Research Public Access Act (S.1373 and HR 5037) Federal agencies with annual extramural research expenditures over $100 million

make manuscripts of journal articles stemming from research funded by that agency publicly available

Harvard Memo: http:// isites.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do?keyword=k77982&tabgroupid=icb.tabgroup143448

CURRENT ACTIVITY

Harvard (Faculty of Arts and Sciences, College of Law)

MITKansasOberlinDuke

And others… http://roarmap.eprints.org

INSTITUTIONAL OPEN ACCESS POLICIES

OPEN EDUCATION

OPEN CONTENT – MIT VISUALIZING CULTURES

OPEN BOOKS

OPEN PEER REVIEW

Increasing attention to digital scholarship, esp. in Humanities Text mining, visualization and historical reconstruction Meta-reflection on how digital environment changes

interaction with culture

Projects open by nature and by intention

Inevitable raise issue of evaluation in way alternative publication has not

MLA “Guidelines for Evaluating Work in Digital Humanities and Digital Media”

DIGITAL SCHOLARSHIP AND P&T

Open access to data not just papers

The rate of discovery is accelerated by better access to data

Actionable data

Funder mandates around management and sharing of data (in some cases)

OPEN DATA

OPEN SCIENCE

momentum from researchers and funders

“Knowledge is power....Making our knowledge widely and readily available will empower others to come up with solutions to the

world’s toughest problems. Our new Open Access policy is the natural evolution for a World Bank that is opening up more and

more.”

Quoting World Bank president:

momentum from researchers and funders

momentum from students

21ST CENTURY COLLECTIONS

Multiple strategies for ensuring broad access to knowledge

Variety of “containers” to support digital content

Shift from Institution centric collections to a user-centric collection in a networked world.

21ST CENTURY COLLECTIONS

“21s t century collection management requires a shift from thinking of collections as products to understanding collections as components of the academy’s knowledge resources.”

ARL Steering Committee on Transforming Research Libraries – art iculat ion of new landscape of col lect ions – representat ives from Duke, Berkeley, Minnesota, Calgary, UCLA

LIBRARY DIGITIZATION EFFORTS - Partnerships (Hathi Trust) in digit ization, open access, preservation

King , Williiam , Horace , Lister, Martin, Apicius Lintot, Bernard,

The art of cookery, : in imitation of Horace's Art of poetry. With some letters to Dr. Lister, and others: occassion'd principally by the title of a book publish'd by the doctor, being the works of Apicius Coelius, concerning the soups and sauces of the ancients. With an extract of the greatest curiosities contain'd in that book. To which is added Horace's Art of poetry, in Latin / by the author of the Journey to London. Humbly inscrib'd to the Honourable Beef Steak Club http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.31822031019029London: : Printed for Bernard Lintott ..., [1712?]

internet

creationpublicationdisseminationreformulation

Publishers

editor

Peer-reviewers

Libraries

Disaggregation of traditional system is in process…

Peter Suber - Open Access Overview: http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/overview.htm

Directory of Open Access Journals:http://www.doaj.org/

Registry of Open Access Repositories: http://roar.eprints.org/

Sherpa/Romeo Publisher Copyright Policies and Self-Archiving: http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo.php

RESOURCES

Slide 14: Text used from Dorothea Salo’s “Open Sesame” Presentation at http://www.slideshare.net/cavlec/open-sesame-and-other-open-movements

Slide 15: “The winding roads of Spain” by SKI Tripper, CC-BY,http://www.fl ickr.com/photos/nzer/2640367659/

Slide 25: Public http://www.fl ickr.com/photos/aaronw79/5575652125/

Slide 26: Harvard Widener Library http://www.fl ickr.com/photos/mak506/2771080083/

Screenshots used under fair use.

Except noted all photos used under a Creative Commons 3.0 Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 license.

This work was created by Sarah L. Shreeves and Molly Kleinman and last updated on Apri l 26, 2012. This work is l icensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License. To view a copy of this l icense, visit http://creativecommons.org/l icenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA.

ATTRIBUTION