JOURNEY OF INDIAN WINE, AND GROWING INDIAN WINE INDUSTRY.

Presented by – Vikrant K. Holkar

INDIA ON WORLD MAP

INDIA

ABOUT INDIA

ABOUT INDIA

JOURNEY OF INDIAN WINE.• Vedic Period (1st to 2nd Millennia BCE)

•Harappan Civilization (2600-1900 BCE)

•Iron age (1200-1BCE)

•Maurya Empire (321-184 BCE)

•Chola Empire (300 BCE – 1279 CE)

•Middle Kingdom (1CE – 1279 CE)

•Gupta Empire, Chalukya Empire, Pala Empire (280-1174 CE)

•Mughal Empire (1526-1858)

•Portuguese (1600)

•British Raj (1858-1947)

VEDIC PERIOD (1ST TO 2ND MILLENNIA BCE)• In Vedic Period Wine was often referred as “SOMARASA” (Soma- Squeezing juice from plants, Rasa- juice.)

• It was believed to be associated with god ‘INDRA’ (King of Gods / Lord of Heaven)

• It bestowed long life and responsible for removal of sins from the heart and takes away the diseases from the weak and destroy untruth and condemns false dignity.

• Also the reference of Drakshasava (Sanskrit word for wine) is found in Ayurveda texts which was basically a delicious digestive preparation made from ripened red grapes, cinnamon, cardamom, and black pepper and contained natural alcohol.

HARAPPAN CIVILIZATION (2600-1900 BCE)

There were artefacts found at the sites of Harappan Civilization (mature period 2600–1900 BCE).

Surai (Container for Somarasa/Drakshasava) was discovered, which was used to store wine in Harappan Civilization.

Harappa now belongs to Pakistan.

AFTER VEDIC PERIOD AND HARAPPAN CIVILIZATION• Iron age (1200-1BCE)

• Maurya Empire (321-184 BCE)

• Chola Empire (300 BCE – 1279 CE)

• Middle Kingdom (1CE – 1279 CE)

• Gupta Empire, Chalukya Empire, Pala Empire (280-1174 CE)

Where wine was despaired, and was no more considered as Holy drink.

MUGHAL EMPIRE (1526-1858) European travellers brought

wine to the courts of the Mughal emperors Akbar, Jehangir and Shah Jehan.

Red wines (Kandhari, Anguri) and white wines (Bhokri, Fakdi, Sahebi etc.) that were produced for the royal fervour.

The Islamic rulers forbade drinking as per their religious norms. However, during the medieval period several rulers had the habit of drinking in courts during ceremonies and celebrations.

Drinking has always remained a social taboo and therefore no culture of social drinking could ever develop in India.

PORTUGUESE (1600) Portuguese (1600) settlers who not

only improved the wine they found in the 16th century when they came to Goa.

introduced a new variety of wine for the Indian sub-continent.

Vindaloo a dish of meat (pork or rabbit), with red wine and garlic. The practice started by sailors of keeping meat in barrels of wine laced with garlic properly mashed with spices of India.

The famous Persians wine, Shiraz, which was often sent to the Mughal Emperors in India.

Vindaloo Dish

BRITISH RAJ (1858-1947)

Wine began becoming more and more familiar throughout India due to the British influence.

As cost of shipping wine to India was very high, the British planted vineyards, in Surat, and also in Kashmir.

Indian wines were exhibited and favourably received by visitors to the Great Calcutta Exhibition of 1884.

CURRENT INDIAN WINE INDUSTRY.

Several such episodes helped in keeping the interest regarding the wine alive. And eventually after a long pause of several years it was revived yet again in 1985. Chateau Indage winery established in 1985, Studied wine and brought new technology from European countries.

It was 2002 when Vinsura winery (1ST winery at ‘Wine Park’) was established and focused Indian government to look towards winery as a farmers business.

Nasik Valley “Wine Capital of India”

NASIK VALLEY WINE CAPITAL OF INDIA

• Main river is Godavari.• Darna dam is situated at 20 Km. Nashik.• Gangapur dam at 10 kms from Nasik.

NASHIK VALLEY “WINE CAPITAL OF INDIA" Nashik is located on the

northwest of Maharashtra, 182 km from Mumbai (Economic Capital of India)

Nashik is known as the land of farmers.

The wine culture is growing at an alarming speed for both growers and wine makers. Nashik was famous for its table grapes for a very long time, early 1900.

Nasik is also famous for Onion productions, Asia's largest Onion market is in Nasik.

Nasik Valley is 2000 ft. above sea level, near tropic of cancer.

80% of grape production in India is contributed by Nasik region.

Nashik lies on western edge of the Decan Plateau, surrounded by Sahyadri Mountains which is a volcanic formation. The soil here is primarily black and some places Brown sandy, Red-brown earth over heavy clay.

Nasik has the highest arable land-size ratio and has different agro climatic regions making it suitable to produce numerous varieties of fruit and vegetables around the year. Grapes are amongst the most commercially important crops with around 35,000 hectares of cultivated area with an annual production of 9 lac metric tons, The main variety of table grape grown in Maharashtra is Thomson Seedless, which is exported mainly to UK, Middle East and Far East

Degree days  that are available  during September to March 2200-2750.

3rd Largest city in terms of Industrialized in Maharashtra.

NASHIK VALLEY “WINE CAPITAL OF INDIA"

NASHIK VALLEY “WINE CAPITAL OF INDIA"

NASHIK VALLEY “WINE CAPITAL OF INDIA"

Temperature at Nasik Valley

NASHIK VALLEY “WINE CAPITAL OF INDIA"

Rainfall in Nasik Valley

NASHIK VALLEY “WINE CAPITAL OF INDIA"

Major Wine varieties grown

Whites – Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc.

Reds- Zinfandel, Syrah, Cab Sav.

Most farmers do organic farming, use of Vermi compost, and various organic fertilizers.

Major Disease

Downey mildew (in winters)Powdery mildew (in monsoon)Mealy bugBeetleNo Phylloxera problem.

NASHIK VALLEY “WINE CAPITAL OF INDIA"

Harvest (vintage) period = Mid Feb – Early April.

Vintage takes place at the beginning of summers and end of winters , which gives the grapes warm days and cool nights.

As the daytime temperature is between 25 to 30 degrees centigrade, grapes are early morning harvested and brought to the wineries before noon.

The method of production is same as New World wine producing methods.

NASHIK VALLEY “WINE CAPITAL OF INDIA"

Wineries in Maharashtra0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

24

3644

5158

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

NASHIK VALLEY “WINE CAPITAL OF INDIA"

Total Number of Wineries in India = 62Total Number of Wineries in Maharashtra State = 58

NASHIK VALLEY “WINE CAPITAL OF INDIA"

Production Above – 5 million

Production Above – 2.5 million

Production below – 2 million

INDIGENOUS WINERIES Sula ( Nashik)

Indage (Maharashtra)

Grover Vineyards (Banglore)

INTERNATIONAL Nine hills is the only international brand in

India by Seagram's owned by Pernod Ricard India

Nine hills is an established winery in India

Varieties are Cab - Sav, Shiraz, Sav - Blanc, Chenin Blanc, Rose (Shriaz)

Red Wine, 53%, 11198000

White Wine, 40% 8486000

Rose, 5%, 997000Sparkling wine, 2%,

440000

Wine production (2008)

Strengths Weaknesses

Urban population is increasing

Youth are craving an alternative to hard liquor and developing a more refined taste

Wine is becoming more acceptable to women

Wine is difficult to store in terms of refrigeration

Lack of wine knowledge

Religion

Opportunities Threats

Drinking Population over 200 Million people

Domestic Consumers have increasing disposable income

Global Market player (B-R-India-C) nations

The India Constitution discourages alcohol consumption

Religion

Advertising for alcoholic beverages is not permitted

ETHNICITY

Wine consumption

2004 2005 2006 2007 20080

5000000

10000000

15000000

20000000

25000000

Litr

es

Wine Tasting

Wine No – 1

Vinsura Chenin Blanc 2008

Composition –

Ethyl alcohol - 12.46% v/v

Reducing residual sugar – 12.6 gm/lit

pH – 3.39

Total Acid – 7.145 g/lit

Volatile Acidity – 0.36 g/lit

Free Sulphur Dioxide – 25 mg/lit

Total Sulphur Dioxide – 135 mg/lit

Wine No – 2

Vinsura Rose (Cab-Sav) 2008

Composition –

Ethyl alcohol - 12.5% v/v

Reducing residual sugar – 13 gm/lit

pH – 3.40

Total Acid – 5.550 g/lit

Volatile Acidity – 0.48 g/lit

Free Sulphur Dioxide – 32 mg/lit

Total Sulphur Dioxide – 112 mg/lit

Wine No – 3

Vinsura Shiraz 2008

Composition –

Ethyl alcohol - 13% v/v

Reducing residual sugar – 5 gm/lit

pH – 3.89

Total Acid – 5.500 g/lit

Volatile Acidity – 0.60 g/lit

Free Sulphur Dioxide – 29 mg/lit

Total Sulphur Dioxide – 120 mg/lit

Wine has travelled a long way through time

and the occasion is ripe for claiming the

position it deserves. If the policies are set in

tune then sooner the status of wine will

definitely get a great boost in the Indian

scenario.

FINISH

Dhanyavad (Thank you)