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TRANSCRIPT
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Rdsum6:Dans la premidre partie, nous proposerons l'explication syst€-matique et globale des quatre formes grammaticales impoftantesdu japonais: passif, causatif, intransitif et transitif. En effet, cesquatre formes peuvent €tre expliqu6es syst6matiquement, plutdtque sdpar6ment, en les positionnant c6te d cdte sur une lignedroite. On varra que cette ligne est constitu€e par un proc6ssus de<double-recyclage> des verbes <aru> et <suru>.
Dans un deuxidme temps, nous comparerons les deux verbes: <aru>japonais et <do> anglais, lesquels jouent un r6le de premidreimpoftance dans chacune des langues en question. Leur differencesemble bien explicable sur le plan typologique, consolidant ainsinotre position pr6sent6e dans Kanaya (1997,1998b)
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(1)-j iF'.EisaH[ElQ Ll:t(1)-e "A bear killed Taro"
e)-j rjtB[nrF.E l.iq 3 fLl: :(2)-e "Taro was killed by a bear"
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Journal CAJLE Vol. 3 (2000)
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(6)- j f* ;49€ff i : (*Et*L* i I(6)-e "l will get your dinner sent in"(1'f?t)
(7)-e "l had my hair cut"('|F?t)
(8)-e "l had my hat blown off"(**)
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6B9!i4 <se faire> Hxnr?i.Lfj. /**;. fairel*4i6odoDbt:6&#.fr\tt{&tuif,-e ba.
(9)-f "Jean s'est fait voler de I'argent"(e)-j t)t ) is$#€KHi'Ll: t
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(10)-f "Marie s'est fait faire un costume'(10)- j rYrJ ' - i r ( t rha) l :vTaGBtl : r
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(11)-f "Son l ivre EST ici"(11)-e "His book IS here"(1l) j t lEa+t*. .LbA )
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(20)-j iF+zu:i\66.1Qj)-e I have time.
Qr)- j r f@;$ftJ)fr61(21)-e I understand Chinese.
(22)-j tt{.al<fisilnZt(22)-e I see a cherry tree.
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Comrie, B.( 1981) I-anguage Universals and Linguistic I>'pologyOxford, Basil Blackwell
Chomsky, N. (1965) Aspects of the T'heory of Syntax , Ir{lT PressKanaya, T. ( 1 983 ) Sur Ia v'aleur fonctionnelle de Ia voix moyenne
indo-europdenne , Master thesis, Universit6 l.avalKanaya, '1.(1997) I-a notion du sujet en japonais", Ph.D.
dissertation, Universitd de Nlontr6alMeillet, A. ( 192 1) Iinguistique historique et linguistique
gendrale, Champion, Paris