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Rdsum6:Dans la premidre partie, nous proposerons l'explication syst€-matique et globale des quatre formes grammaticales impoftantesdu japonais: passif, causatif, intransitif et transitif. En effet, cesquatre formes peuvent €tre expliqu6es syst6matiquement, plutdtque sdpar6ment, en les positionnant c6te d cdte sur une lignedroite. On varra que cette ligne est constitu€e par un proc6ssus de<double-recyclage> des verbes <aru> et <suru>.

Dans un deuxidme temps, nous comparerons les deux verbes: <aru>japonais et <do> anglais, lesquels jouent un r6le de premidreimpoftance dans chacune des langues en question. Leur differencesemble bien explicable sur le plan typologique, consolidant ainsinotre position pr6sent6e dans Kanaya (1997,1998b)

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(1)-j iF'.EisaH[ElQ Ll:t(1)-e "A bear killed Taro"

e)-j rjtB[nrF.E l.iq 3 fLl: :(2)-e "Taro was killed by a bear"

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Journal CAJLE Vol. 3 (2000)

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(5)-e "l got my purse stolen"(5)-j 'ffifiAl#*il-t:

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(6)- j f* ;49€ff i : (*Et*L* i I(6)-e "l will get your dinner sent in"(1'f?t)

(7)-e "l had my hair cut"('|F?t)

(8)-e "l had my hat blown off"(**)

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6B9!i4 <se faire> Hxnr?i.Lfj. /**;. fairel*4i6odoDbt:6&#.fr\tt{&tuif,-e ba.

(9)-f "Jean s'est fait voler de I'argent"(e)-j t)t ) is$#€KHi'Ll: t

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(10)-f "Marie s'est fait faire un costume'(10)- j rYrJ ' - i r ( t rha) l :vTaGBtl : r

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IAdE €tre mangd manger faire manger

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(11)-f "Son l ivre EST ici"(11)-e "His book IS here"(1l) j t lEa+t*. .LbA )

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\D-t "Marie FAIT ses devoirs"(rD-j tv rJ '-ltffiEau-cv\a )

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(19)-e Nattirlich glaube ich das.(19)-e' Ich GI"AUBE das.(19)-e I DO believe it.

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(20)-j iF+zu:i\66.1Qj)-e I have time.

Qr)- j r f@;$ftJ)fr61(21)-e I understand Chinese.

(22)-j tt{.al<fisilnZt(22)-e I see a cherry tree.

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1B '5T-fr al\ t-t O L i tL,J.F;kl: ir i l3-Cf Lrt ' : ; f :X&lt- ' ;"C' tfuEl#';T<l love you.>L8i '*5f*/e{qf ' . ln\66Ofj" .&< bK< L:T;*0D'lStf, W t,t ft I if! [f, *iS E l* : T t) H f - b rf{ tt & tsf:& E I' -C[)* f , *aEaXb. / \ tRt, \ ' i \ Xi fA! ] -e l i65. L i :L. , ZnDlxEft/rEi#ffiffi.a b eTftf axTll/eur. La+\k lr;grs L-t'-cfr-;{ f \4. i EAiFl t )d; '#o4T4+X Lt ' rnLiT 6, t ;d 'E6fdl tT'#W+rA.MbP6lst , tgg. t4 l*Tf- t r \<( l ) love (you)>i :Yl :6. t- & - l--s'o r +;Eft H -r.ft , (1 e60) 1t.10+f < *r Et i: Bf, i: tdF L T r, )6 a fa. +;#tr E g! ;gnr#6x i: 44T 6 4 t& ;;, .\ tfi it€ ;4 ti.Z aGAI4H &*.-; {. H/s6,\f6;r l Lft ' :-cl '*.a a-e trt6. 4l-ETf ,OHFî\ l love you./4Oi\You love him.l lOi\We love it . /Joir.b a v t tdu a lfr a H.!fr h o i\ it, t a t9 6; 1 >, + 7 l- i\** E iur ix- t, t t, rfat b. a -e t, A . l4 b e( & E t, r,5. j- 6 n\E'S'f hT lf, /r t t. 114 4 = *r: v / \ is i\{ffi z { r, r a n I+. kl+.&"=-'l o i€ r., : s - A.flr' I\z ;nJ a xn L e t. &aAf i iE{;St i* : [ i \ 6ALtre l tht l \ i \ " ?&Xi* i :4Xi*A FgtI t: Ll:l;*a;d'D{t\ 61ooffirEE"l:. f +;9. t*EniA E +o jEit'fLO,Ht r =LJ Tba

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6" Many people speak a fet' languages. t-t t)ffiF)X&AKtffi.HtJI:httJ t Ygl]i- A few languages are spoken b1' manl' people. hr&,'nai \H4r\Jt8 1A.t t=TL*4.

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>+xffifu L#8Q97 7) | -tr 4 t E 6 aA-#+r E f l A#( 1977.9-1978.8)

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A6fi#(iee6) rE #;S& E + oEttffi : h ti ES=##HffiF+Newsletter(vol. 12)

BC6afi#(1997) r+ffiXi* 6 0 trat),E t JOURNAL CAJLE(vol.1)#Airt#(1ee8a) t E +=-#+;++4ft : 9 4 $a )* &ElBt-#fi&Xi*'rcr

A4t JOURNAL CAJLE(vo1.2)+4f i#(1998b) r ! !A &iK: -Cr,EtUJ. i 'Lt ,r E"*(1998+11E E)Jttr{Xffi(le8l) iE+;+ : X.rE2I iE4-#oEFr FRAffittAsI €(1e73) f E+Xl*{frfrl Xl4ffi#tr*'dh 8 os78) | E +;soatfr t *{trffi#rEffi1<+*(J975) tffi E"3t-Ll:=;*' E A"=*oEJFt trffi EgA Et{f (199r) itrrFo)E"=F & E AEF] < Z L$jfrfiF+illffi i l^. ffiEfifi!,ffi(1ee4) t7::XA Effi{rr ffie#&{t9fFl .(1e78) |

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+{gIFI -(1ee4) i E +;5 &4;61* C i {Ur l, \ a i,t h, I E +i*#€ ffi&e;#iF(19s4.12.4)

=tH(r960) t4ll#itFt,rt ( Z LJtrlHffi-t#(r975) r=tF;ftJCFt ( Z LJ:rHffiEB)g*(re7 1) rEft lf HR-# R't.. t tr?it#E ( tStB(1 9 7a: 1 1 9) l. I i H )

Comrie, B.( 1981) I-anguage Universals and Linguistic I>'pologyOxford, Basil Blackwell

Chomsky, N. (1965) Aspects of the T'heory of Syntax , Ir{lT PressKanaya, T. ( 1 983 ) Sur Ia v'aleur fonctionnelle de Ia voix moyenne

indo-europdenne , Master thesis, Universit6 l.avalKanaya, '1.(1997) I-a notion du sujet en japonais", Ph.D.

dissertation, Universitd de Nlontr6alMeillet, A. ( 192 1) Iinguistique historique et linguistique

gendrale, Champion, Paris

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Download - Journal CAJLE Vol. 3 (2000) E;+9l6-d rbAt Li€-#$r;A< Do ... · 2. HiE L E+;6O ,TJH I OEI,: ltf thM)L{nJX.Q)Q)i,6 tgilBXt t4 zT\&,a " (1)-j L(1)e I€E9!XT 6 D . **X-e 6 A Q)-j