joints joints - articulation classified –extent of their function –degree of movement...
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Joints Joints
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Joints Joints - Articulation Classified
– Extent of their function – Degree of movement– Structure - based on the presence or
absence of joint cavity and supporting tissue.
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Joints Classified by Movement
Synarthrosis - Immovable joint -generally fibrous joints.
Amphiarthrosis - Limited movement -generally cartilaginous joints.
Diarthrosis - Freely movable - generally synovial joints.
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Fibrous Joints
Lack joint cavity Lack fibrous connective tissue Generally immovable in adults Types
– Suture– Syndesmoses– Gomphoes
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Fibrous Joints
Suture - tight union - movement rarely occurs. Skull bones
Syndoesmoses - bones are close together but not touching, held together by collagenous fibers or ligaments. Radius & Ulna.
Gomphoses - peg and socket. Tooth
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Suture Joint
Movable in children Immovable in adults Only in skull
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Syndesmoses Joints
Bones close together but not touching
Held together with collagenous fibers.
Example– Inferior tibiofibular– Ulna & Radius
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Gomphoses Joints
Fibrous joint made up of a peg and socket.
Example - teeth
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Synarthrodial- Immovable JointFibrous
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Cartilaginous Joints
Bones united by a plate of hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilaginous disk
Lack joint cavity Permits little or no movement Examples
– Synchondrosis - epiphyseal– Symphysis - pubis, manubriosternal,
invertebral joints
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Cartilaginous Joints
Synchondrosis- Temporary joint composed of hyaline cartilage joining diaphysis and epiphysis.
Symphysis - Bony surfaces bridged by flattened plates and disks of fibrocartilage.
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Amphiarthrodial - Cartilaginous Joints
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Synovial Joints
Most of permanent joints Allows the greatest range of movement Ends of bones are covered with smooth
catilage. Lubricated and nourished by thick fluid
called synovial fluid Has a joint cavity
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Synovial Joints - Diarthrosis4 essential structures of synovial
joints Synovial Cavity - has a space between
the two articulating bones. Articular cartilage Articular capsule - lines the synovial
cavity and outer layer of capsule. Ligaments
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Synovial Joints
Types– Hinge– Pivot– Condyloid– Gliding– Saddle– Ball-and Socket
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Types of synovial joints
Hinge - elbow Pivot - radioulna joint Condyloid (modified ball-and-socket)
knuckle joint except the thumb. Gliding - vertebrae, carpal and tarsal Saddle - Thumb Ball-and-socket - shoulder, hip
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Pivot Joint
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Condyloid Joint
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Ellipsoidal
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Ball and Socket
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Joints
When things go Wrong!
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When things go WRONG!
Arthritis - inflammation of the joint Osteoarthritis - degenerative arthritis,
wear and tear arthritis, most common. Rheumatoid arthritis - most debilitating
form of chronic arthritis, involves inflammation of the synovial membrane.
Gouty arthritis - Gout, metabolic disease resulting in needle-shape crystals
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When things go WRONG!
Bursitis - inflammation of one or more bursae
Dislocation - 2 articulating surfaces become separated.
Sprain - tearing of ligaments that follows the sudden wrench of a joint.
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Fetal Surgery
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Power Point
Club foot (1) Flat feet 296pg (1) Bunion (1) Corns (1) Fractures 299-300 pg (11) Curvatures of spine 303-304 pg (3)
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TEST Chapter 7,8,9 Names of bones Types of bones - long, short, etc……(pg.230) Definitions of joints - match typed of joints (pg.312) Diseases and abnormalities - definitions. Bones with features; foramen,ridges ( Worksheets) Articulations Axial and appendicular skeleton. Types of fractures - comminuted, compound,
greenstick, impacted. (pg. 299) Facts about bones!! STUDY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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