JOCA IN ENGLISH LevelDifficulty Level: Level Level

BRAZIL

QUESTIONS

1. In your opinion, which rights are violated when children live in extreme poverty?2. What could be done to change this?

1. Who is the oldest person you have ever met? How old is he/she?2. What differences between South Korea, the United States, and Brazil could possibly justify the variations in life expectancy?

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POVERTY AFFECTS 1 OUT OF EVERY4 YOUNG BRAZILIANS

A study conducted by Abrinq Foundation

showed that 40.2% of Brazil-ians aged 0 to 14 are living in poverty and that 13% are living in extreme poverty. Extreme poverty means that the fam-

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ily’s average income is no more than R$ 200 per month. Accord-ing to the most recent UNICEF (the United Nation’s Children’s Fund) data, 47% of people world-wide who are in living in extreme poverty are under the age of 18. With little money, these young people cannot pay for food, housing, medicine, among other things, and many of them cannot study because they have to work.

WORLDSTUDY SHOWS THAT PEOPLE WILL LIVE LONGER

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1 BILLIONHours a day in videos. This is the number of hours that Youtube users spend every day watching videos that are posted on the website. As a comparison, Facebook users spend 100 million hours every day watching videos, while Netflix subscribers watch 116 million hours of series and movies. And, just so you get the idea, if people want to watch this many hours of videos, they need 100 thousand years to do it.

QUESTIONS

1. Which website do most people use to watch videos?2. Do you watch videos online? Which websites do you access?

Source: Tecmundo | Youtube | The Wall Street Journal

boy would live 84.1 years.French women (88.6 years)

and Swiss men (84 years) came in second on the list. Japan, which has always been a standard in terms of longevity, was third with life expectancies of 88.4 years for women and 82.7 years for men. The United States has the lowest figure for developed countries with 83.3 for women and 79.5 for men.

According to IBGE (the

QUESTIONS

A study carried out by Imperial College Lon-

don together with the World Health Organization (WHO) showed that, in 2030, life ex-pectancy will reach 90 years, its highest level ever. According to the study, South Koreans are at the top of the list with different life expectancies for men and women. According to research-ers, a girl born in South Korea in 2030 could live 90.8 years, but a

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Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics), the average life expectancy in Brazil is 75.5 years.

CHILDREN’S RIGHTS

1) No child should be discriminated against.2) All children have the right to a standard of living that contrib-utes to their physical and social well-being.3) Every child has the right to relax, play, and participate in cul-tural activities. 4) The government must protect children from exploitation and work that is harmful to their health and education.5) All children have the right to express their opinion and to have access to information.

How is life expectancy measured?

To calculate life expectancy in countries, sanitation services, diet, crime, pollution, health services, education as well as other factors should be analyzed. This way, an increase in life expectancy is directly related to improvements in living conditions.

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SCHOOLS ADOPT NEW WORLD MAP

QUESTIONS 1. What is the issue with the world map designed by Mercartor? 2. What do you think is the link between colonization and world maps?

Bees Score Goals

Scientists at Queen Mary University of London discovered that bumblebees can play ball and even score goals. Bumblebees can survive in the coldest regions in the world. In the tests at the university, the bumblebees were placed on a platform. A plastic bee showed the bumblebees how to move the ball from the end of the platform to a yellow circle in the centre of the platform. The bumblebees were drawn to the centre of the platform by sugar. They were able to complete the move. The bumblebees also served as an example to the bees that were not trained yet. This way, one bee learned from another. Researchers say that this test shows that bumblebees have a strong ability to perform tasks and solve problems.

QUESTIONS

1. How do bumblebees learn new things?2. What did scientists use to attract bees to the cen-tre of the platform?

TECHNOLOGY

1. What were the first predictions Kurzweil made about technology?2. How would you use an intelligent robot?

QUESTIONS

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“ROBOTS WILL HAVEHUMAN INTELLIGENCE”

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as being larger than South America when in fact it is two times smaller. Greenland, in turn, is shown to be larger than South America, but it is nine times smaller.

The map that will now be used in Boston schools was cre-ated by cartographer and his-torian Arne Peters (1916-2002).

I n Boston, USA, 125 pub-lic schools started using

a new map that corrects 500 years of history.

The map that is familiar to us was drawn up in 1569 by car-tographer and mathematician Gerardus Mercator (1512-1594) to help in navigation. In tradi-tional maps, Europe is shown

Arne used the actual relative size of continents. Therefore, Africa and South America have more prominence in the map while the United States and Europe have less. The idea of education directors is to give the 57 thousand students a better understanding of the impact of colonization.

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ed that computers would beat humans at chess. In 1997, world champion Garry Kasparov was defeated by IBM’s Deep Blue. For Kurzweil, the evolution of computers will not do away with human labor, because ro-bots will encourage humans to perform tasks that they cannot perform today.

The futurist also believes That robots will be able to con-nect to our brains by 2030, thus increasing our thinking capac-ity. Kurzweil also predicted that humans will become immortal, that we will print our clothing through 3D printers, and meet friends in a virtual world where

T welve years. This is how long Google’s En-

gineering Director, American Ray Kurzweil believes it will take for robots to acquire the intelligence of a human being. To Kurzweil, by 2029, machines will have the same reasoning skills as people. He was inter-viewed at SXSW, a technology and innovation conference that brought together scientists and futurologists in the United States.

This is not the first time that Ray has made technology pre-dictions. In 1990, he wrote the book “The Age of Intelligent Machines” in which he predict-

we will be able to have physical contact with each other.

SOCIAL

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CHINA INAUGURATES LONGEST ELEVATED BICYCLE PATH IN THE WORLD

LIGHTS FOR THOSE WHO USE CELL PHONES

QUESTIONS

1. Which kind of accidents are these countries trying to prevent?2. Which measure do you think is the most effective?

INDIA HAS CLASSES TO RESPECT ANIMALS

1. What are the goals of these classes?2. What kind of influence can these classes have on children?

QUESTIONS

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crossing the street. The Dutch Traffic Safety Association was against the lights, because ev-eryone should pay attention to what happens around them and the lights “reward bad be-haviour”.

Aside from the Netherlands, other countries have also cre-ated ways to decrease the risks linked to using mobile devices. In Germany, warning lights were placed on the streets of

T he city of Bodegraven in the Netherlands has

installed lights on the ground to alert pedestrians as to when they can cross the street. If the light is green, a ray of green light will be displayed on the ground and if the light is red, a red ray will be projected on the ground.

The idea came up as a way to prevent accidents, because many pedestrians use their cell-phones and can get hurt when

Augsburg and Cologne. In some places in China, pe-destrians choose whether they want to walk on the sidewalk or on a special lane for cellphone users.

F ive million students from 25 thousand pub-

lic and private schools in India are taking classes on the impor-tance of showing compassion for animals. Students learn to be gentle and respectful of all living beings and to empathize with them.

The Compassionate Citizen program, for students aged 8 to 12, was created by the NGOs Ani-

mal Rahat and PETA (People for Ethical Treatment of Animals). The NGOs developed a teacher’s manual, activity sheets, a book of true stories about animals, and 28-minute videos.

For Indians, even though cows are sacred and the coun-try has one of the highest num-ber of vegetarians in the world, classes emphasize the need for children to be careful with ani-

mals, especially in rural communities where many animals are used instead of machines or as work tools.

The classes have had a strong impact on students. Some of them went out on marches to ask that people stop using manja (or manjha), a type of kite string that can wound and kill birds.

Source: ANDA - Animal Rights’ News Agency

SPORTS

C hina, the most popu-lated country in the

world with almost 1.38 billion people, has inaugurated the longest elevated cycle path in the world. Located in Xiamen

province, the cycle path has four paths that are 4.8 metres in width each. Its 7.6 kilome-tres run through residential areas and three major com-mercial areas.

The cycle path can hold up to two thousand bikes at any given time. It was conceived by science and technology students to fight pollution and traffic.

To improve the population’s mobility in the city, the cycle path is connected to 11 bus and metro stations.

Those without a bicycle can rent one on the path.In addi-tion to Xiamen, the cities of London (England), Copenha-gen (Denmark), and Eindhoven (The Netherlands) also have el-evated cycle paths.

QUESTIONS

1. According to the news article, what are the benefits of cycle paths?2. How does the province of Xiamen allow more people to use the cycle path?

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