Jamestown Settlement Jamestown Settlement (Computer (Computer Generated)Generated)

Jamestown Settlement Jamestown Settlement (Computer (Computer Generated)Generated)

Settlement of Virginia• Virginia Company

• Joint-Stock Company

• Jamestown

• John Smith

• John Rolfe

• Tobacco• “starving time”

• House of Burgesses

• indentured servants

• headright system

3 Types of British Colonies

1. Royal Colonies – owned by the king

2. Proprietary – (Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware) land grants from the British gov’t. Individuals were awarded huge tracts of land to supervise & govern in return for political/financial favors. These colonial governors reported directly to the king

3. Self-governing – (Rhode Island, Connecticut) king granted a charter to a joint-stock company; company set up its own government independent of the crown; king could revoke the colonial charter and convert to a royal colony

Separatists vs Non-Separatists

Separatists (Pilgrims)Separatists (Pilgrims)

vs. vs.

Non-Separatists (Puritans)

Non-Separatists (Puritans)

Learning TargetCompare the Separatist and Non-Separatist

colonies that developed in British North American.

How did New England and the Chesapeake region evolve into two distinct societies while both were settled largely by people of English origin? (DBQ)

Puritans who believed only “visible saints” Puritans who believed only “visible saints” [those who could demonstrate in front of their [those who could demonstrate in front of their fellow Puritans their elect status] should be fellow Puritans their elect status] should be admitted to church membership.admitted to church membership.

Because the Church of England enrolled all Because the Church of England enrolled all the king’s subjects, Separatists felt they had to the king’s subjects, Separatists felt they had to share churches with the “damned.”share churches with the “damned.”

Therefore, they believed in a total break from Therefore, they believed in a total break from the Church of England.the Church of England.

Separatists Beliefs: Separatists Beliefs:

Calvinism Institutes of the Christian Religion

Predestination.

• Good works could not save those predestined for hell.

• No one could be certain of their spiritual status.

• Gnawing doubts led to constantly seeking signs of “conversion.”

Puritans:

Want to totally reform [purify] the Church of England.

Grew impatient with the slow process of Protestant Reformation back in England.

What was a Separatist?• Had left the Church of England

• Fled to the Netherlands in 1608

• Returned to England 12 years later to make the journey to the new world

• Were searching for political freedoms (not just religious freedom)

Separatists• Pilgrims• 1620• Virginia Company of

London• Plymouth Bay,

Massachusetts• Thomas Weston, London

merchant• Mayflower• 120 people (24 families)• Expedition Leaders & ½

of those on the Mayflower were Separatists

Promise to Weston• Send lumber, furs, fish back to London for

7 years

• Afterwards the Pilgrims would own the land

Too Far North• Pilgrims landed further north than their

charter.

• No legal right to be there – all adult males (including the non-Separatists) signed the . . .

The Mayflower CompactNovember 11, 1620

The Mayflower CompactNovember 11, 1620

Written and signed before the Pilgrims disembarked from the ship.

Not a constitution, but an agreement to form a crude govt. and submit to majority rule.

Signed by 41 adult males.

Led to adult male settlers meeting in assemblies to make laws in town meetings.

New England Primer[1689]

New England Primer[1689]

The Mayflower CompactNovember 11, 1620

The Mayflower CompactNovember 11, 1620

Statistics• ½ died within 4 months

• None decided to leave in 1621 when the Mayflower sailed back

• Plymouth stayed small and economically unimportant.

1691 only 7,000 people

Merged with Massachusetts Bay Colony

• Squanto & Samoset – Thanksgiving

– Page 49: 3 lasting importance of relationship with Native Americans

William BradfordWilliam Bradford

Self-taught scholar.

Chosen governor of Plymouth 30 times in yearly elections.

Worried about settlements of non-Puritans springing up nearby and corrupting Puritan society.

September 3rd Class Activity

• Analyze the Mayflower Compact

• Answer Questions 1-6

• Questions 5 & 6 require you to answer in paragraph form.

September 4th

Separatists & Non-Separatists

• What do they have in common?– Attracted landowning farm families of modest

means (not poor but not wealthy)– Committed to Calvinism (predestination)

Non-Separatists

Wanted to escape attacks by conservatives in the Church of England.

They didn’t want to leave the Church, just its “impurities.”

“Great Migration” of the 1630s

Turmoil in England [leading to the English Civil War] sent about 70,000 Puritans to America.

Not all Puritans 20,000 came to MA.

NON-SEPARATISTS• 1628

• Massachusetts Bay Company

• 1630: 11 ships w/ 700 passengers

• June 1630: In Boston

• 1st winter: 30% die

• Spring 1631: 10% went home

• Mid 1631: 1300 new settlers arrive

City Upon A Hill

• John Winthrop• Governor• “A Model of Christian

Charity”• Outlines the colony’s

utopian goals.

PatriarchyPatriarchy

Authoritarian male father figures controlled each household.

Patriarchal ministers and magistrates controlled church congregations and household patriarchs.

Class Activity

• Analyze “City Upon a Hill” sermon• “A Model of Christian Charity”

• You may answer on the worksheet or your own paper.

• HW – addresses whether the Puritans were successful .