jail visit report

LOK NAYAK JAYAPRAKASH NARAYANNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CRIMINOLOGY AND FORENSIC SCIENCE Government of India (Ministry of Home Affairs)

Jail visit Report

Submitted By Avinash

M.A. (Criminology) 1st Semester

CONTENT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTIntroductionVision of Prisons DepartmentMission of Prisons DepartmentPrison system in IndiaTypes of jails Maximum Security jail Medium security jail Minimum Security jail Organizational set up of PrisonWorking hours for mulakat with PrisonersLodging of Prisoners in Tihar jailTotal Population of Tihar as on 31-12-2010Total Admission and Release of Prisoners year- 2010Capacity and Population of jails as on 31-12-2010Trends of overcrowdingTihar Family Different activities in Tihar jailMeditation hallEducational Facilities & Vocational trainingWeavingCarpentryTailoringChemical unitBakeryPaper unitFree legal AID cellCreative Art TherapyInterview hallRehabilitationSocietal Participation in ReformationPanchayat System and Participative ManagementPotteryTihar HaatRecreational FacilitiesSecurity EquipmentsClosed Circuit Television SystemModel Test Identification Parade RoomModel Interview HallComputerisation of Delhi Prisons Prison Management System

Bio-Metric Finger Identification System Visitor Management System Video-Conferencing SystemSanitation and Water SupplyKitchen and Food ServingFood, Clothing and Bedding Model Ward for First Time OffendersLiving Condition for PrisonersCurrent population of jail no. 2Current Population in factory in jail no. 2Case Study - 1Case Study - 2Case Study – 3Personal Observation

I, Avinash student of M.A. Criminology, would like to pay my sincere gratitude towards our course director Pro. (Dr.)B.N. Chattoraj, for arranging our visit to TiharJail for the purpose of understanding the Jail organization and there functioning. I also thankful to Mr. Sunil Gupta, the senior law officer, Tihar jail, Delhi to understand the things in a much Practical way.

Avinash

INTRODUCTION

Jail is a correctional institution used to detain person who are in lawful custody of state. It includes both under trial and convicts. It is a place or institution in which a accused is kept isolated from the society and family in unpleasout condition. It is a most important component of criminal justice system. Which lead to rehabitation of offender. The system of imprisonment represents a curious combination of different objectives of punishment. It varies from degree of offence. The origin of prison is inter-linked with the system of imprisonment which originated in the first quarter of nineteenth century. Modern prison system in India is essentially based on the British Prison model which is itself is an outcome of prison developments in America during the late eighteenth century. Earlier concept of jail imprisonment was setribution but modern concept was reformation, rehabitation and correction etc.

Vision of Prisons Department

1-To provide for the safe and secure detention of the Prisoners committed to prison custody.

2-To provide for the reformation and rehabilitation of Prisoners.

3-To provide for Basic minimum facilities to prisoners to maintain human dignity.

Mission of Prisons Department

To provide minimum standard of living/treatment to the prisoners remanded to judicial custody and at the same time to reform/rehabilitees them by involving them in various vocational, spiritual, educational activities so that they become useful citizen of the country after their release.

Prison system in India

A Well organized system of prison is known to have existed in India from the earliest times. It is on record that Brahaspati laid great stress on imprisonment of convicts in closed prisons. However, Manu was against this system. Kautilya in his Arthashastra has started that rulers in ancient India made frequent use of fortresses to lodge their prisoners. He was personally of the view that as far as possible prisoners should be constructed by the road side so that monotony of prison life is reduced to a considerable extent. In ancient India, greater emphasis was laid on the spiritual aspect of human life and therefore, the prisons were so modeled as to provide sufficient opportunity for penance and remonstrance. It was a common practice to keep the prisoners in solitary confinement so as to afford them an opportunity of self introspection. The object of punishment during the Hindu and Muglal period in India was to deter offenders from repeating crime. The recognized modes of punishment were death sentence, hanging, mutilation, whipping, flogging, branding or starving to death. Particularly, during the Mughal rule in India the condition of prisons was awfully draconic. The prisoners were ill-treated, tortured and subjected to most inhuman treatment. They were kept under stict surveille and control. Thus the prisons were places of terror and torture and prison authorities were expected to be tough and rigorous in implementing sentences. The British colonial rule in India marked the beginning of penal reforms in this country. The British prison authorities made strenuous efforts to improve the condition of Indian prisons and prisoners. They introduced radical changes in the then existing prison system keeping in view the sentiments of the indigenous people. The Prison Enquiry Committee appointed by the Government of India in 1836 recommended for the abolition of the practice of prisoners working on roads. Adequate steps were also taken to eradicate corruption among the prison staff. An official called the Inspector-General of Prisons was appointed for the first time in India 1855, who was the Chief Administrator of Prisons in India. His main function was to maintain discipline among the prisoners and the prison authorities. With this appointment, the jailer and other petty officials prisons could no longer abuse their power and authority.

Types of jails

There were three types of jail in India till two decades ago.

1 - Maximum Security jail - In India there are four types of Maximum Security Prison. Those are given below.

Central Jail. District Jail. Sub Jail. Special jail.

In central jail offenders are kept for more then one year. In District jail offenders are kept for three month to one year. In Sub jail offenders are kept less then three month. Special jails are made for juveniles, Females and political persons. In every State there may be 1 to 6 central jails. Every district Headquarter had a district jail and many sub jails as required.

A central jail is in the charge of an officer of the rank of S.P. and a district jail is in charge of D.S.P. Each jail has Jailers and Wardens.

2- Medium security jail – These jails also known as modern jails. These jails were located in Lucknow and Ajmer. These jails are converted into central jails.

3 – Minimum security jail - Minimum security jails also known as open prison. It is also known as open camp or prison without bars. It is so because

Prisoners can go to the market during the day time but have to come back in evening.

There are no walls, bars locks and armed guards open in security.

Because this system is based on inmates sense of responsibility, sense of self discipline and self confidence. And both were open to visitors and public. Because people can meat the prisoners.

Such prisons are established to reduce overcrowding in jails, to reward for good behavior and provide training in self reliance

Organizational set up of Prison

Director General of Prison↓

Inspector General of Prison↓

Addl. Inspector General of Prison↓

Deupty Inspector General of Prison↓

Superintendent of Prison↓

Deupty Superintendent of Prison↓

Assistant Superintendent of Prison↓

Head Warden↓

Warden

The Director General of Prisons, Delhi is the Head of the Prison Department and is assisted by Addl.I.G.(P) and Deputy Inspector General of Prisons. A Jail Superintendent heads each jails and Deputy Superintendents, Assistant Superintendents, Head Warders and Warders assist him.

The custodial duties of the prisoners are performed by the Jail Staff where as the external security; Patrolling, search etc. are taken care by Tamil Nadu Special Police, ITBP and Central Reserve Police Force.

A Battalion of Delhi Armed Police handles the escorting of the prisoners to the courts/hospitals etc.

A Resident Medical Officer heads the Medical Administration of all Jails. Senior Medical Officers head the Medical administration of each jail assisted by Medical Officers and other Para-medical staff.

Working hours for mulakat with Prisoners

There is a fix time for visitors to meat with the prisoners. Only in this time limit visitors can meat with the prisoners.

Visitors TimeRelatives and Friends 9:30 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.Advocate/Counsels & Embassy officials

3:30 p.m. to 5:30 p.m.

Lodging of Prisoners in Tihar jail

There are 9 jails in Tihar jail. There is a different jail for different types of prisoners. So the lodging of prisoners in Tihar by different types of prisoners are given below.

Jail No. PrisonersJail No. 1 Prisoners of Tis Hazari Courts.Jail No. 2 Convicts.Jail No. 3 Prisoners of Patiala House Courts (R &

Salphabets).Prisoners of Rohini Courts (R & Salphabets).

Jail No. 4 Prisoners of Patiala House Courts (Except R & S)Jail No. 5 Adolescent Prisoners (18-21 years).Jail No. 6 Female prisoners.Jail No. 7 Preventive Detention & Railways prisoners. Jail No. 8 & 9 Prisoners of Karkardooma Court.

Total Population of Tihar as on 31-12-2010

In this table we can easily understand the population of Tihar and the percentage of male and female as on last year.

Male Female Total % of Male % of Female10351 505 10856 95.35 4.65Total Admission and Release of Prisoners year- 2010

During the year 45,030 prisoners of different categories were admitted in Delhi prison and 45,420 prisoners were released as per the following details:-

Types Under trials Convicts Detenues Civil Prisoners

Gender Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

Admission 35173 1270 8217 223 105 0 42 0

Release 36054 1233 7782 202 107 0 42 0

Capacity and Population of jails as on 31-12-2010

With the help of this table we can easily understand the capacity and population of different jails:-

Jail Number Capacity Population Occupancy% of total inmates

Central Jail No.1 565 1334 236Central Jail No.2 455 959 211Central Jail No.3 740 1715 232Central Jail No.4 740 1824 246Central Jail No.5 750 820 109Central Jail No.6 (Women Jail)

400 505 126

Central Jail No.7 350 873 249Central Jail No.8+9

1200 1394 116

Distt. Jail (Rohini) 1050 1432 136Total 6250 10856 174

Trends of overcrowding

The prison population as on 31-12-10 has marginally declined by 3.47% in comparison with the population on 31-12-2009. the trend of decline of prison population which started in year 2007 retains its momentum and are several factors responsible for maintaining this level which includes fast judicial pronouncement, fewer arrests under preventive sections of laws, release of poor prisoners who were unable to furnish surety, disposal of cases through special/plea bargaining courts etc. the trend of overcrowding of Delhi prison during the preceding 10 years is depicted in the table blow:-

Total population of prisoners as on 31 December of each year

11023 12041 12172 12580 12317 13436 11605 11553 11246 10856

Year 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Tihar Family - There are 1746 sanctioned posts for Delhi Prisons as on 31/08/2008. Regular Sampark Sabhas are held by Jail

Superintendents and Director General (Prisons) for quick redressal of staff grievances. For the first time newly recruited Prison Staff is undergoing comprehensive training at Delhi Police Training School / College. In-house refresher courses are organized for the Prison Personnel in the matter of Court Rulings & Provisions of Prisons Act / Delhi Jail Manual etc. Prison officers are also sent for refresher courses at RICA, Chandigarh & Vellore, NICFS, Rohini, New Delhi.

Families of Delhi Prisons staff have the facilities of vocational training in the field of Computer Education, stitching, embroidery etc. In addition, there is facility of Community Center, Extension branch of Bank, ATM, Library, Primary School, Gas Agency, Fair Price Shop and a Crèche is available for the employees of Tihar Jail in the campus itself. Medical facilities are provided for the prison staff through DGEHS dispensary located in Tihar Jail Campus. In addition, health camps for the staff and family members are organized at regular intervals. There is also an Insurance scheme namely “Sarangi Scheme” for the staff members at subsidized premium.

Different activities in Tihar jail

1-Meditation hall – For cleansing and disciplining mind, Yoga and meditation classes were started in a big way with the help of various voluntary organizations. Staff members are also encouraged, to attend meditation courses. This has helped many prisoners in changing the whole approach to life.

2- Educational Facilities & Vocational training - Both adult and formal education arrangements have been made for prisoners. Educational activities are looked after with the help of Government resources. Computer training centers are also working in the Prisons for imparting computer education to the prisoners.

The most important aspect of the education system in Tihar Jail is that educated prisoners voluntarily teach less educated prisoners. An illiterate person landing in Tihar Jail can look forward to being literate if his stay is more than a week.

3-Weaving – This section initially established for manufacture of cloth for Staff Uniform, Convict Uniform, cotton durries etc. It has now started manufacturing different type of cloths. The training classes for convicts also start on these machines.

4-Carpentry- This is the largest section of the Jail Factory with a work force of approximately 350 workers. This section also trains convicts in the finer works of carving and carpentry, making furniture for sale to the general public. At present this unit is producing various types of office furniture.

5-Tailoring - This unit was primarily started for imparting vocational training to convicts for post release rehabilitation. This section caters to tailoring requirements of prisoners and Jail staff uniform. Effective quality control measure with rigid scrutiny of efficiency has led to remarkable increase in the turnover of this unit.

6-Chemical unit - Soap, Phenyl manufacture and Oil Expelling are the basic functions of this unit. Mustard Oil of the finest quality is produced in the section. Unit was initially started for production of in-house consumption of these items, but at present the same is available for open sale to the public at much lower rates then the market. By-product of Oil like Oil Cake or Khul of this unit is sold in the open market through open auction.

7-Bakery - Tihar Baking School basically caters to bread requirements for morning tea/Breakfast of approximately 12,000 inmates on any given day. Tihar Factory produces very delicious Biscuits and Namkeens on demand. With the introduction of modern technology, this unit has now started manufacturing varieties of biscuits, cakes, namkeen etc. These products are not only available for sale through Dry Canteens of various Jails but are also supplied to various Government departments.

8-Paper unit - This unit, where inmates are trained in the art of hand made paper, converting it to various items. This unit supplies stationary items to various Govt. Departments i.e. Delhi High Court, various District Courts of Delhi, Department of Education and Ministry of Environment etc. Old Government files and paper from various departments are recycled in this unit.

9-Free legal AID cell – Legal Aid Cells exist in every Jail. With the increase in prison population to about 12,000 the demand for legal aid and advice has increased considerably. Majority of prisoners belong to economically poor class and are not in a position to avail the services of expensive lawyers.

There is a Legal Panchayat system in all the jails, where the educated and law professional cater to the legal aid requirements of their fellow prisoners in drafting petitions, revision and appeal applications. All these efforts have shown encouraging results.

10- Creative Art Therapy - Creative Art Therapy, which is psycho-therapeutic in nature, is used in several settings. In respect to prison setting, the therapy serves as a reformatory process in several ways. Therefore, by encouraging and promoting Creative Art, the individual is able to release his pent up emotions and realize his worth as 'self' having a positive desire of improving himself both consciously and unconsciously.

11-Interview hall - Each prisoner is allowed to hold two interviews per week with his relatives/friends. The interviews are generally permitted in the "Mulaquat Jungla" of a jail. The duration of each interview is 30 minutes. The interviews of sick prisoners are allowed either at the hospital or deodhi. Each prisoner is normally permitted three visitors per interview. During the interview, a prisoner is allowed to receive vegetarian food, fruits and clothes. He is further allowed to receive coupons worth Rs.500/- per interview.

12-Rehabilitation - The study of the problems faced by the prisoners after release and the reasons for committing crime guided Tihar Jail Admn. to initiate steps, which can go a long way in rehabilitating the prisoners after their release. Various programmes were started in other jails also both for convicts as well as under trials. This has not only resulted in learning a trade but also provided monetary gains to the prisoners. For the post-release rehabilitation of the prisoners, the Social Welfare Department of Delhi Govt. provides loans for setting up self-employed units.

13-Societal Participation in Reformation - As a part of community participation in the reformation and social integration of

prisoners after release, a large number of respectable members of non-Governmental organizations have been conducting various activities in the Prisons. NGOs participation is mainly concentrated in the field of education, vocation and counseling. Apart from the formal education with the NGO support, the classes in various languages are also held. Some of the NGOs have trained selected prisoners on various trades and have been bringing job for them against payment of remuneration. These prisoners are also rehabilitated by them after their release.

14-Panchayat System and Participative Management - Prisoners are encouraged to participate in the management of their welfare activities. Sense of responsibility is inculcated in the prisoners to prepare them for social integration. Prisoners bodies called "Panchayats" are constituted to help prison administration in the various fields. Once in every year a Mahapanchayat is organized in all Central Jail. The prisons look like a self-contained Indian village where the prisoners themselves regulate their welfare activities under the guidance of prison officials. The prisoners themselves manage prisoner welfare canteens.

15-Pottery - This unit is fulfilling the requirement of pitchers and flowerpots in all jails. It also imparts training to the jail inmates for manufacturing earthen/terracotta goods so that they can earn their livelihood after their release from the jail.

16-Tihar Haat - Tihar Haat serves as a shopping window for Jail products. It is located just outside the main gate of Central Jail No. 1 for the sole purpose of making products manufactured at the Jail Factory available for sale to the general public. It functions as an eye opener of the constructive and creative abilities of prisoners and also adds to the Government Exchequer.

17-Recreational Facilities - The prisoner's participation in games and sports activities within the prisons took a big jump with the organization of inter-ward and inter-jail competitions twice a year for the last over five years. In all the prisons various sports are organized during winter sports festivals, which are popularly known in the jail as "Tihar Olympics".

18-Security Equipments - Tihar Prisons is having modern security gadgets for detecting prohibited articles possessed by prisoners/ visitors at all access points. All the watch towers are equipped with flood lights and the open areas are covered with

High Mast flood lights for illumination and security during night hours.

19-Closed Circuit Television System - Prison Administration has strengthened its security and surveillance on the activities of prisoners as well as prison staff by installing closed circuit television system in all the prisons. Each jail has a CCTV control room for watching the activities and a state of the art Control Room has been setup in the Prison Headquarters. The activities can be recorded for seven days after which backup are taken.

20-Model Test Identification Parade Room - Test Identification Parade Room is constructed in all the under trial jails in which one way glass is installed where accused and witness do not have eyeball to eyeball contact. The witness can fearlessly participate in the identification proceedings in the presence of Magistrate. These model TIP rooms help in ensuring safety of witnesses.

21-Model Interview Hall - Model Interview Halls are being constructed in jails where the prisoners meet their relatives/ friends separated by see through toughened glass and in soundproof environment. Each cubical is earmarked for a prisoner where he/she can converse with his/her relatives/friends through a one to one microphone system. This system facilitates visitors to see and converse with their prisoner in a proper manner.

22-Computerisation of Delhi Prisons - Computerisation of all the jails was started way back in 1994. A Local Area Network (LAN) was setup in 2003 to connect all the Prisons through Fiber Optic Cable Network.

1. Prison Management System - Delhi Prison in association with NIC has developed unique Comprehensive Query-based system software for effective Prison Management called Prison Management System (PMS). This system keeps comprehensive information about prisoners, their court cases and their lodging pattern. It also records, tracks and monitors the movement of prisoners and the action taken on their court hearing.

2. Bio-Metric Finger Identification System - The Bio Metric System has been introduced with Prison Management System,

which stores photographs and biometric fingerprints of all the inmates. It helps in facilitates the identification of correct prisoners for court production and release.

3. Visitor Management System - Delhi prisons receives around 2000 visitors on daily basis for meeting with the prisoners. To manage this large number of visitors, Visitor Management System software is developed which can register the visits of friends and relatives of a prisoner 10 days in advance on centralized telephone numbers. This system saves the time of visitors as well as informs the prisoners in advance about his meeting. Due to introduction of this system complete transparency has been obtained.

4. Video-Conferencing System - Video conferencing facility has been setup between Tihar/Rohini jails with District Courts at Tis Hazari, New Delhi, Karkardooma and Rohini. This facility is used for extension of judicial remands and trials in some cases. This has strengthened prison security and has saved manpower, equipment and transportation.

23-Sanitation and Water Supply - Two sewage treatment plants are being setup to recycle the resultant water for horticulture and toilets. Rain Water Harvesting System is setup in the Prison Complex to recharge the level of ground water. Reverse Osmosis system has been installed to ensure the supply of pure and safe drinking water in all the prisons.

24-Kitchen and Food Serving - Cooking of food in Kitchens of Tihar Prisons is through Piped Natural Gas (PNG) fuel instead of LPG cylinders, which were used for the last two and a half decades. Kitchens are equipped with many Grinding Machines for preparation of food in hygienic manner. exhaust fans are provided for proper ventilation.

25-Food, Clothing and Bedding - Inmates are provided diet as approved by the Govt. of National Capital Territory of Delhi. Special food is provided on the days of National importance and

Festivals. Convicts are provided with clothing as per norms of Delhi Jails. Poor inmates are provided with free clothing as per the seasonal requirement. All inmates are provided with seasonal bedding.

26-Model Ward for First Time Offenders - A completely renovated Model Ward with various facilities for carrying out reformation/cultural activities has been inaugurated. The ward comprises both cells and barracks for lodging of first time offenders. The prisoners are being served hot and fresh food through a food trolley. There is provision of dining space in the ward so that food may be served in community spirit.

27-Living Condition for Prisoners - Delhi Prisons comprises of Nine Central Prisons at Tihar Jail Complex and one District Prison at Rohini Complex. Four of the Central Prisons at Tihar Complex are more than 50 years old. These are presently under extensive renovation. The barracks and cells are being provided with mosaic tiles with flushing system in the toilets. Each barrack/cell has adequate number of ceiling and exhaust fans for proper ventilation.

Every day 2000 visitors come to meet prisoners. The meeting time limit is one and half hour. 75% offenders in jail are under trial and 25% offenders are convict and deteney.

Every jail has PCO. If any offender wants to call he can call from PCO. The call rate is 3Rs/call. The call is recorded in the control room. Prisoners have the white uniform. But under trial Prisoners have their private cloths. First time offenders have their separate wards. Every Prisoner gives the name of 10 persons to meat. Cells are like one room apartment. 35% Prisoners are blow poverty in the jail.

Current population of jail no.- 2

Ward wise the current population of jail no.-2 is given below:-

Ward name PopulationWard no. 1 308Ward no. 2 296Ward no. 3 203Ward no. 4 48Ward no. 5 (High Security) 24Convict 10Total 889

Current Population in factory in jail no.- 2

Labour wise the current population in the factory in jail no.-2 is given below:-

Factory name Population Carpentry 1st 214

2nd 0Weaving 69Bakery 51Paper 80Tailoring 35Chemical 19Shoe making 78Total 581

Every prisoner should labour 8 hour in a day from 8:30 am to 4:30 pm. Under trial prisoners can’t work in prison. But under trial prisoners can do work if they want to do work.Prisoners salary in prison per day.

Labour Type Rs. /DaySckild Labour 99Semi Sckild Labour 81Un Sckild Labour 74

CASE STUDY -1

Personal Information of the offender

Name Moh. AkashAge of the offender 27 yearsFather’s Name Moh. RahamanMother’s Name Margina BegumWife’s Name PopiChildren Moh. JihadPlace BangladeshEducation of the offender 4th ClassSections (IPC) 395, 397Offence Dacoity

Family Background

Offender’s family lived in Bangladesh. His Father’s name is Moh. Rahaman. Earlier his Father’s profession was washing the vehicle and now his father is doing work of welding. His mother’s Name is Margina Begum. She is a housewife. His wife’s name is Popi and a son named Moh. Jihad. The offender is 4th class pass.

Offender’s Detail The name of the offender is Moh. Akash. The offender was 27 years old. He is a professional offender. He comes to Delhi in 2006. In starting he was a transport driver but due to the various circumstances he indulged itself with other offenders who were already in this kind of offence and started doing dacoity. They commits dacoitis in those places where people were richer. Firstly they entered in the house by opening the windows or by breaking the grills. According to the circumstances they either at the gun point or by doing harassment with the people commit there offence (dacoity) in their houses. There was a mediator among them who know all the activities of these offenders, in order to make there mouth shut they all pay them a sum of money. Once they all ignore to pay the amount to the mediator, so due to this aggressiveness the

mediator disclose all the offences which they were committed to the police and told about the place where they were staying. The police raided the place where they all were staying and caught him as others were not over there. The mediator was from Bangladesh. The offender’s family does not know even about their son where he is till now. He committed 6 Dacoitis, 2 in vasant vihar, 2 in Gurgaon, 1 in Panipat, and 1 in Ghaziabad. He committed crime with his 6 other partner. His first trial was of 1 year. The Uttar Pradesh, Gurgaon and Delhi states cases were on the offenders. Delhi case’s trial is going on. Police caught him in 2007. The offender was punished by Gurgaon court. The punishment of the offender was of 10 years and he passed 4 years in the Tihar jail. He started learning Hindi in jail only but not perfectly. He works in a Bakery.

If we discuss about the views of offender

According to offender either police caught all other partners of the offence or leave him. Offender also said that although other one or two partners also caught but they got released by some corrupted officers. Offender does not get release as he does not has enough money to pay them (corrupted officers).Offender give there view point that he may get punishment of 7 Year instead of 10 year.

CASE STUDY -2


Name Mr. HariharAge of the offender 42 yearsFather’s Name ChotakMother’s Name PurnmasiWife’s Name UrmilaChildren SohanPlace GorakhpurEducation of the offender Not EducatedSections (IPC) 304BOffence Dowry death

Family Background

His family lives in Gorakhpur. His father’s name is Chotak. Earlier his father used to work in pop but now he is a farmer. His mother’s name is Purnmasi. She is a housewife. His wife’s name is Urmila and a son named sohan. The offender is not educated.

Offender’s Detail

The name of the offender is Mr. Harihar and he is 42 years old. he is being charged in a dowry death case of her wife. After being declared about the crime that the offender has committed his crime and has been punished for all 17 years. He is a First time offender, he came Delhi in 1994 though his punishment started in 1997 and was for 17 years including 2 years trial. When he reached the hospital, to see his wife then By mistake he told the doctor that his relatives have fired his wife. While the doctor was listening to his confession & the crime that he has done he immediately called the police. His trial is still going on in a jail though he passed with rest of his 15 years of life in jail. He is working in a cloth mill in jail.


He do confessed that he did so many mistakes in his childhood also today in whatever situation he is ;it is just due to the

little faults that has been ignored in the childhood, if that would have been taken care of at that time it would not have been turned into bigger crimes. He even said that the person who belongs to Delhi and has committed a crime; his family is being paid more when compared to the criminals of other states and which completely a wrong thing and is not accepted. All should be treated equally in the eyes of law.

CASE STUDY -3


Name Mr. RatanAge of the offender 28 years Father’s Name Haran Mandal Mother’s Name Phoolvati MandalWife’s Name Purnima MandalChildren No Place Bengal Education of the offender 8th ClassSections (IPC) 376Offence Rape

Family Background

His family lives in Bengal. His father’s name is Haran Mandal. His father is a labourer. The offender is 8 th class passed. He got married to purnima mandal in 1994. He has no children. His mother’s name is Phoolvati Mandal. His mother is a house wife.

Offender’s Detail

The name of the offender is Mr. Ratan. He was 28 years old. He got married to purnima mandal in 1994.before that he had a girlfriend with whom he was physically intimate. His family members does not know about this. But he didn’t married to the same girl with whom he was in relationship and married to someone else. Because he fears from his father. Because his father was a old thinking man and he does not allow him to do this. After some time his father fixed his marriage. After this he can not raise voice against his father and married with the girl named Purnima. Later on he was charged in a rape case by the parents of his first girlfriend. The offender came to Delhi in 1999 but his parents were in Bengal. He had an affair and was in a physical relationship with his girlfriend but later on he married to someone else and started ignoring his girlfriend which pinched her and her family like anything. The parents of his girlfriend charged and filed a rape case against the offender for being physically assaulted their daughter and then marrying to someone else. Finally after the case was being charged and filed, he was finally punished in 2007 for all 7 years of his life.

He spent all 7 years of his life in jail and worked their itself. Trial time was 2 years 6 months. He is working as a mechanic in jail.


According to him court didn’t listen to him at all. He represented the proofs to defend his crime but the court didn’t accept a single of it. As per his views are concerned his punishment of 7 years was more as compared to that of his crime. He told that his punishment should be of 5 years or some; also the investigation was not correct and was wrongly done. He do learned many things in jail or in the most suffering days of his life.

In this visit of Tihar jail we understood the basic structure of the Jail. There are very tight security in this jail. Now this Jail becomes advanced. All the data of police record saved in computer. All the Visitors can not enter in this jail easily. Firstly they take the Permission from the Jail authorities. When any person come to meet his any relative in jail then firstly he/she take the permission from the Jail authorities. When any person enters in the jail firstly he should entry in the register then he enter in the gate. All the officers very strictly done their duty. They check every person who enters in the gate. There are close circuit cameras to see all the activity in the jail. This jail is very advance. In this jail there are many types of factories, in which the prisoners work in the day time. The work in the jail has done by convicted and under trial prisoners also. The products which are made by convicted, those products sold in exhibitions, by the jail authority. These products are made on the demand of merchants.