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RSB-SHG

IV. SHG and Micro-Finance Micro-finance y/kq & foRr

Micro-financefinancial services which includes Micro Credit, Micro Savings

Insurance to benefit the poor.y/kq _.k] y/kq cpr] thou

chek& ds tfj;s y/kq foRrh; lsok;sa xjhckas dks miyC/k

MICRO FINANCEy/kq foRr

INSURANCEthou fcek

MICRO SAVINGSy/kq cpr

MICRO CREDITy/kq _.k

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Self-Help Groups (SHGs) Lo;a lgk;rk lewg

Micro-loans to Self-Help Groups Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dks y/kq _.k

SHGs usually start with saving Rs 5 to 30 per month per member. They pool this for one year. Lkewg dk gj lnL; 5 ls 30 :Ik;s izfr ekg ,d o”kZ rd cpr djrk gS

Start lending among themselves. Lkewg ds lnL; vius lnL;ksa dks gh _.k nsuk izkjEHk djrs gSaA

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Women in Driver’s Seat pkyd dh lhV ij efgyk,a

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Landless Hkwfe ghu Women efgyk;sa

Unorganised vlaxfBr

NGO engagedin general development

Lo;a lsoh laLFkk tks lkekU; fodkl dk;Z djrh gSa

Bank Branchor MFI

cSad dh ‘kk[kk ;k y/kq foRrh; laLFkk

Situation before Intervention foRr gLr{ksi ls igys dh fLFkfr

8.1.1. Stages of Evolution of Linking the Poor with Finance xjhcksa dks foRr ls tksMus ds fofHkUu

Lrj

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NGO starts formingSelf Help Groups

Lo;a lsoh laLFkk Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dk xBu izkajHk djrs gSa

Bank Branchor MFI

cSad dh ‘kk[kk ;k y/kq foRrh; laLFkk

8.1.2. (Months 1-3: Early Formative Stage) izkjfEHkd fLFkfr 1 ,d ls rhu eghuk

Groups begin to meet with NGO guidance Lo;a lsoh lgk;rk laLFkk ds ekxZn’kZu esa lewg dk cSBd

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8.1.3. (Months 4-12) SHG members pool their savings lewg ds lnL;ksa dh cpr

SHG 1SHG 2SHG 3

…..SHG n

NGO forms groups and

provides training Lo;a Lksoh laLFkk;sa Lo;a lsoh lgk;rk lewg dk xBu djds izf’k{k.k nsrh gS

SHG members start and pool their savings and open bank a/c

Lo;a lgk;rk lewg cpr bDBk djds cSad [kkrs esa tek djrs gSa

bDVBkFacilitation

jkLrk lqxe djuk

Bank BranchcSad ’kk[kk

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8.1.4. (Months 9-18) SHGs pool savings and lend from own fundsLkewg ds lnL; viuh cpr bdVBk djrs gSa vkSj vius gh iSlksa ls lnL;ksa dks m/kkj nsrs gSaA

NGO forms groups and

provides training izf’k{k.k

Facilitation jkLrk lqxe djuk

Bank Branch cSad ’kk[kk

SHGs provide loans to members

from pooled savings Lo;a lg;rk lewg vius cpr ls lnL;ksa dks _.k nsrh gS

Savings cpr

SHG 1SHG 2SHG 3

…..SHG n

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8.1.5.(Months 18 onwards): As SHG fund requirements increase,loan is given by a bank or an MFI to the SHG tSls lewg dks iSlksa dh vko’;drk c<rh gS] cSad ;k MFI lewg dks _.k nsrs gSaA

NGO provides training Lo;a Lksoh laLFkk;sa izf’k{k.k nsrh gS

Bank or MFI lends to SHGs

cSad ;k foRrh; laLFkk;sa Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa dks _.k nsrh gS

Facilitation jkLrk lqxe

djuk

Loans

_.k Repayments olwyh

SHGs lendto members

Lo;a lgk;rk lewg lnL;ksa dks _.k nsrh gS

Loans

_.k

Repayments olwyh

SHG 1SHG 2SHG 3

…..SHG n

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8.1.6. (Years 2 to 3):SHG Federations formed at villageor a cluster level lewg feydj xkWao Lrj ij N= laLFkk cukrs gSaA

NGO helps form SHG federation

Lo;a Lksoh laLFkk;sa egkla/k cukus esa enn djrh gS

Bank/MFI continues to lend to SHGs who lend to their members

cSad @ y/kq foRrh; laLFkk Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dks _.k nsrh gS] tks vius lnL;ksa dks _.k nsrs gSA

Facilitation jkLrk

lqxe djuk

Loans _.k

Repayment

olwyh

VM-C:\NABARD-SHG Stages.PPT, 4/4/99

SHGs lend to members

Lo;a lg;rk lewg lnL;ksa dks _.k nsrh gS

SHG 1SHG 2

…..SHG n

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8.1.7. (Years 2 to 3):SHG Federations linked to an MFI egkla?k vkSj y/kq foRrh; laLFkk dk tqMko

NGO provides training to SHG Federations

Lo;a lsoh laLFkk Lo;a lgk;rk lewg Egkla?kksa dks izf’k{k.k nsrh gS

Bank/MFI provides loans to SHG Federations

cSad @ y/kq foRrh; laLFkk Lo;a lgk;rk lewg egkla?k dks _.k

Ikznku djrk gSA

Facilitation

jkLrk lqxe

Loans _.k

Repayments

olwyh

Fees

’kqYd

SHG Federations lend to member

SHGs

Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dk egkla?k&Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dks _.k nsrh gS

SHGs lend to members

Lo;a lgk;rk lewg vius lnL;ksa dks _.k nsrh gS

SHG Federations 1 to n Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa dk egkla?k

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Why are VOs and MFIs needed? Lo;a Lksoh laLFkk;sa vkSj y/kq foRrh; laLFkkvkas dh vko’;drk D;ksa gS\

Poor people do not come together on their own xjhc yksx Lo;a bdVBs ugha gksrs

They require awareness, motivation and training mUgsa tkx:drk] izksRlkgu vkSj izf’k{k.k pkfg;s

Voluntary Organizations are good at providing these inputs Lo;a Lksoh laLFkk;sa ;s lHkh phtksa dks iznku djkus esa vPNh Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSaA

Once groups are formed, lending and repayment collection, accounting etc. has to be done ,d ckj lewg cuus ds ckn] _.k nsuk] _.k okilh vkSj fglkc fdrkc vkfn j[kuk gksrk gSA

This role is not appropriate for Voluntary Organizations ;g Hkwfedk Lo;a Lksoh laLFkk;vksa ds fy;ss mi;qDr ugha gSA

Such functions are performed by Micro-finance Institutions or MFIs ;g dke MFI }kjk fd;s tkrs gSaA