1FIC FRIO

APPLICATIONLABPAGES 10, 11 AND 12

MAINTENANCETYPESPAGES 16 AND 17

SAFETYPRECAUTIONSPAGE 18

REFRIGERANTFLUIDSPAGES 4 AND 5

IT'S TIME TO TAKE CARE OF OUR PLANETCommitted to provide sustainable refrigeration solutions, Tecumseh continues to devise alternatives for an environmentally safer future

PAGES 6, 7, 8 AND 9

JANUARY | FEBRUARY | MARCH 2019YEAR 28 • Nº 107

2 JAN | FEB | MAR | 2019

3FIC FRIO

EDITORIAL

COOPERATIONMASTHE AD

The Fic Frio magazine is a quarterly publication by Tecumseh do Brasil.Rua Ray Wesley Herrick, 700Jardim Jockey Club | São Carlos-SPZIP Code: 13565-090Phone: (16) 3362-3000Fax: (16) 3363-7219

Coordination:Homero Busnello

Collaborators on this edition:Anderson Marcato, Flávio Rios,Hélen Girotto, Homero Busnello,Lionel Audouy, Luís Sales, Mário Berti, Plínio Ferreira, Satoshi Tokashiki

Production:Rebeca Come Terra Propagandawww.rebecacometerra.com.br

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CONTACTFollow Fic Frio on the magazine's website.Make your comments and suggestions by e-mail or mail.

Websites:www.tecumseh.comwww.ficfrio.com.br

Email:ficfrio@tecumseh.com

Mail contact:Tecumseh do Brasil – Fic FrioRua Ray Wesley Herrick, 700Jardim Jockey ClubZIP code: 13565-090 | São Carlos-SP

June has arrived with the mid-year mild temperatures and

the reflection upon the progress of the goals set in early 2019.

If, on the one hand, it is more difficult to take care of the phys-

ical health due to cooler temperatures — one of the main New

Year’s resolutions — on the other hand, this moment of intro-

spection can be destined for the mental health, which is as im-

portant as the physical one, but often ignored. After all, the

body is a unique system in which the physical and the emotion-

al parts are not disassociated, conversely, one interferes with

the other.

Anxiety disorder is the second most common mental illness

on the planet, with 264 million people being affected, according

to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), and depres-

sion, in turn, reaches more than 300 million people in the world

and is known as the disease of the 21st century. Brazil is consid-

ered the most anxious and stressed country in Latin America,

with 5.8% of its inhabitants suffering from these problems.

This, added to stress, generates a host of other diseases that

affect the body as a whole. In addition, the environmental set-

tings in which people are inserted affect their behavior, their

personality building and also their health. The pollution level,

for example, is one of these external factors — it is estimated

that 92% of the planet's population is exposed to alarming pol-

lution levels — according to the WHO.

Climate issues seem to draw more attention to this practical

perspective when people realize how their lives can be directly

impacted. Heat waves, reduced water availability, changes in

the pattern of diseases caused by the climate, sea level rise,

among other direct drivers, as well as the bad effects on the

mental and physical health.

The cover story of this issue deals precisely with the impacts

of the climate change and how the Paris Agreement offers the

world viable options for minimizing impacts and preserving the

environment. The constant search for knowledge and optimiza-

tion through research and the development of technologies is

essential and shows how global cooperation and commitment

can make a difference — not just regarding environmental is-

sues. Have a good read.

Researches promote the improvement of products

IT IS WORTH CHECKING OUT

Cooling solution for low-temperature cabinets uses

inverter technology

VARIABLE SPEEDCOMPRESSOR

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Many human activities result in the

release of greenhouse gases into

the environment. Refrigeration is

one of such activities, especially

through refrigerant fluids.

One of the main authoritative enforcers of cli-

mate actions and compliance with the protocols

is the European Union, which seeks to build a se-

cure, viable and affordable energy union.

Tecumseh Europe Technical Program Director

Régis Leportier is a representative on European

committees, such as the European Commission,

and explains a bit about the environmental regu-

latory processes in the sector.

What are the main activities of the European Commission?Since 1958, its main role has been to promote the

general interest of the European Union (EU) by

proposing and implementing the EU legislation,

policies and budget. A team of commissioners,

one from each member country, makes this com-

mission work.

At Tecumseh, we have a long tradition of par-

ticipating in important international or regional

associations. I am representing the company in

public affairs, at European level, in national or

European trade associations.

Fluorinated gases, such as HFCs, PFCs and SF6, are often used as substitutes for industrial appli-cations because they do not harm the ozone layer. However, they have high Global Warming Potential (GWP) and their emission should be reduced by 2/3 by 2030 in the EU. What are the impacts of this for the refrigeration industry?The regulation on fluorinated gases was revised

in 2014 and implemented some guiding measu-

res to reduce CO2 emissions.

The European environmental concern leads the way in the search for solutions to combat the climate change

4 JAN | FEB | MAR | 2019

CHALLENGES IN THE TRANSITION OF REFRIGERANT FLUIDS

INTERVIEW

Economic and political union with unique characteristics, created in 1992, to establish cooperation between European countries.It is made up of 28 member states, and it is the largest and one of the most advanced economic blocks in the world.

EUROPEAN UNION (EU)

• It is the main trading block in the world. It is the world's largest exporter of goods and services and the largest import market for more than 100 countries.

• It provides humanitarian aid to disaster victims around the world, supporting more than 120 million people each year.

• It plays an important diplomatic role, seeking to promote fundamental freedoms and the rule of law at the international level.

• In 2012, the EU was granted the Nobel Peace Prize for its efforts for peace, reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe.

5FIC FRIO

How does the quota allocation system work? What is the consequence of the UK’s Brexit for this system?The reduction of HFCs began in 2016, with a 7%

market decrease. However, a retrogression has

been implemented through quotas, leaving 63%

of HFCs available for new installations and main-

tenance.

A real challenge is predicted until 2021, where

only 45% of the total needs will be available.

In 2018, the main impact was a significant price

raise and an illegal import issue across Europe.

However, at this stage, it appears that low-GWP

refrigerants are available in bulk to cover this

transition period.

We are not yet certain about the UK’s Brexit and

the consequences for the EU, but it seems that

in regard to refrigerant quotas, they will be "rein-

troduced" as available to EU members.

5FIC FRIO

Pers

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Régis Leportier, Technical Program Director,Tecumseh Europe

In addition to the ban on the use of HFCs in spe-

cific applications, it introduced as a main measu-

re a mechanism for their progressive reduction

on the market. This phenomenon gives the in-

dustry enough time to develop alternatives, ac-

cording to the proposed schedule.

To reach the goal by 2030, although all sectors

are concerned, the refrigeration and air-condi-

tioning industry has the greatest impact on this

achievement, which will boost the use of a new

generation of refrigerants with a GWP of less

than 150.

Limited solutions for commercial refrigeration

may be hydrocarbons (R290), CO2 (R744) or a

synthetic refrigerant, such as R454C or R455A,

designed to comply with such regulations.

Can companies and people contribute to and comment on regulations regarding the use of fluorinated gases?To some extent, both can contribute at the com-

mission level through specific class associations.

Tecumseh Europe took part in one of such as-

sociations, representing the Heating, Ventilation,

Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration (HVACR) in-

dustry from 2012 to 2017 and followed the possi-

ble measures proposed before their final imple-

mentation. Generally, the final decision still falls

on the parliament and the Member States votes.

Should all EU Member States follow the same regulation, or is there adaptations depending on the country? Can some measures be effecti-ve for developing countries such as Brazil?An EU regulation is mandatory and turns appli-

cable when each Member State incorporates it

into their legal system. Some countries may in-

terpret the text and propose additional, stricter

measures at the national level through its official

journal.

Being an active member of the national associa-

tion can be helpful to avoid misinterpretations.

Tecumseh Europe is a member of one of these

associations related to the Member States and

the Ministry of Defense, in order to properly im-

plement the national interpretation of the EU

measures.

These measures could be useful in other regions

of the world, as well as for OEMs exporting to

Europe. Likewise, Brazil must be concerned with

its exports to the US at a state level, because

some of the states also take inspiration on EU re-

gulations, prohibiting or limiting the use of HFCs.

6 JAN | FEB | MAR | 2019

COVER

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION REQUIRES COOPERATION AND COMMITMENT

On March 15, protesters from all

over the world took to the stre-

ets to protest against the clima-

te change. The act, Fridays for

Future — or Strike for the Future

or Strike for the Global Climate, as it is being

called in Brazil — is a student movement star-

ted in August 2018 by the Swedish students

Greta Thunberg, who proposed a boycott of

classes on Fridays to warn about the impact

of environmental issues on the future of you-

ng people, inspiring student movements in va-

rious countries.

In Brazil, around 20 cities took part in the

strike that occurred in more than 100 countries,

with thousands of students taking to the stre-

ets to protest for effective measures to fight the

climate change, demanding the governments’

compliance with their commitments set out in

the Paris Agreement.

As the refrigeration industry is responsible

for the emission of gases that affect the ozone

layer and influence global warming, discussions

on climate guidelines continue on the table.

Being aware of the need for change, Tecumseh

The search for solutions that minimize the impact of the climate changeshakes the refrigeration industry

continues its quest for sustainable develop-

ment. "We are involved with environmental is-

sues. Wellness and health are important to us

and our mission is to effectively provide refrige-

ration solutions for a better tomorrow. We have

been seeking and delivering solutions on this

topic for more than 30 years," says the Global

Platform Director at Tecumseh, Lionel Audouy.

Environmental protocols are the main drivers

for climate change regulations, especially the

Paris Agreement and its predecessor, the Kyoto

Protocol. Based on them, each country should

regularly determine, plan and report on its con-

tribution to mitigating global warming. "One

of the main actions is the reduction of energy

consumption. That is why in refrigeration, appli-

cation by application, there are more and more

specific regulations to improve efficiency. These

performance limits can be combined with man-

datory labeling, which allows visibility for the

final customers to select the best products," ex-

plains Audouy.

Another focus of the industry is to curb the

possibility of using modified fluorocarbons such

as HCFCs and HFCs. According to the country

7FIC FRIO

"WELFARE AND HEALTH ARE IMPORTANT TO US AND OUR MISSION IS TO EFFECTIVELY

PROVIDE REFRIGERATION SOLUTIONS FOR A BETTER

TOMORROW."

LIONEL AUDOUY,GLOBAL PLATFORM DIRECTOR

AT TECUMSEH

and applications, some fluorocarbons are prohi-

bited and there is also a quota limitation to re-

duce the total amount of CO2 within the market.

Environmental overview

With the signing of the Montreal Protocol in

1987, an international treaty to protect the

ozone by eliminating the production and

consumption of ozone-depleting substances

(ODSs), it is estimated that between 2050 and

2075 the layer on Antarctica will return to its

1980 levels.

In 2018, the Scientific Assessment of Ozone

Depletion report showed that the efforts are

already yielding results: the concentration of

ODSs has decreased in the atmosphere, leading

to a recovery of the ozone layer since the last

evaluation in 2014, and the stratospheric ozone

has recovered at a rate of 1% to 3% since 2000.

The first result obtained by the Montreal Pro-

tocol was the elimination of chlorofluorocar-

bons (CFCs), which were no longer produced

in 1999 and were actually phased out in 2010.

Since then, updates and new treaties have been

developed according to the demands of each

period. In 1992, for example, the Copenhagen

Amendment directed the Montreal Protocol

for the control and elimination of hydrochloro-

fluorocarbons (HCFCs), which are substances

conveying Global Warming Potential (GWP). In

2016, with the adoption of the Kigali Amend-

ment, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) were also in-

cluded on the list for the same reason.

It is possible to further reduce the impacts

of climate change on the planet, says the latest

special report of the UN Intergovernmental Pa-

nel on Climate Change (IPCC) on the impacts

of temperature rises in the world, released in

October 2018. Keeping global warming at no

more than 1.5 °C above the pre-industrial avera-

ge level may prevent more devastating damage.

The UN estimates that 420 million fewer people

could be affected by the climate change if the

temperature rise does not reach 2 °C.

This limit of the temperature rise to 1.5 °C is

the main objective of the Paris Agreement, whi-

ch was ratified by 184 countries and has been

in force since November 2016, being the most

viable option to deal with the climate change

8 JAN | FEB | MAR | 2019

International and Brazilianenvironmental context

While CFCs are no longer in use, the phase-

-out of HCFCs is underway, with the schedule

anticipated in 2007. For developing countries,

the first step defined the consumption freeze in

2013 and the 10% reduction in consumption by

2015. By 2020 and 2025, the reduction in con-

sumption should be 35% and 67.5%, respecti-

vely, until, by 2030, the elimination of 97.5% of

the consumption of HCFCs in developing coun-

tries and the elimination in developed ones. The

total elimination is envisaged for 2040.

Some countries have created their own legis-

lation to speed up this process. In the European

Union, for example, HCFCs have been banned in

new systems since the beginning of 2004.

Brazil, in turn, already had documents to res-

trict the consumption of ODSs in 1988, before

joining the Montreal Protocol. In 1991, the Ozo-

ne Working Group was established, which esta-

blished guidelines for the elimination of CFCs

and created the Brazilian Program to Eliminate

the Production and Consumption of Ozone-De-

pleting Substances (PBCO).

In 2009, another Brazilian environmental le-

gislation was defined. Brazil’s National Policy

on Climate Change confirms the country’s vo-

luntary commitment to the UN Framework Con-

vention on Climate Change in the reduction of

greenhouse gas emissions between 36.1% and

38.9% of the projected emissions by 2020.

As Brazil is one of the most biodiverse cou-

ntries on the planet, its commitment to envi-

ronmental issues remains critical. The actions

implemented by the Brazilian Program for the

Elimination of HCFCs have already yielded re-

COMMITMENTS AGREED UPON INTHE PARIS AGREEMENTS

• To continue efforts to limit global temperature

rise by up to 1.5 °C;

• To ensure funding for climate action, including

annual budget of US$100 billion from donor

states to low-income countries;

• To develop national climate plans by 2020, in-

cluding country-specific targets and objectives;

• To protect beneficial ecosystems that absorb

greenhouse gases, including forests;

• To strengthen resilience and reduce vulnerabi-

lity to climate change.

today.

In December 2018, a work program was es-

tablished for the implementation of the com-

mitments set out in the Paris Agreement. World

leaders and experts have come together to re-

think not only environmental measures, but also

economic and political development models

that are sustainable and fair.

9FIC FRIO

sults: 36.92% of the consumption of these subs-

tances have already been eliminated, well above

the 16.6% stipulated until 2019.

Tecumseh’s responsibility

Committed to sustainable alternatives, Te-

cumseh conducts constant research for the

development of technologies that meet the

market’s demands.

In addition to measures within the company,

such as conducting training, lectures and cam-

paigns to raise employee awareness on environ-

mental impacts, the search for alternative and

organic refrigerant fluids is one of the objectives.

Aiming to reduce carbon dioxide emissions,

several fluids are being restricted and replaced

globally. In this transition, the pursuit is for low-

-GWP fluids and high performance solutions,

always keeping in mind the decision making

process that is environmentally conscious in

the long run. "We have been working closely

with all chemical manufacturers for many years.

Most of the solutions we found have already

been tested internally and different communi-

cations have been made to give visibility to our

choices," says Audouy.

In this context, the so-called natural fluids,

such as hydrocarbons (HCs), carbon dioxide

(CO2) and ammonia (NH

3), are gaining more

prominence. Hydrocarbons are non-ODSs and

have low GWPs, but are highly flammable, re-

quiring a number of safety precautions that are

reinforced by the development of standards and

regulations for the safe use and enhancement

of skills to use them. In addition, Tecumseh aims

to provide a complete line of products suitable

for the use of hydrocarbons in accordance with

local regulations.

Meanwhile, CO2 (R744) and ammonia (R717),

refrigerants used in large capacity systems, also

have peculiarities and special care needs. With

the same refrigeration architecture, CO2 will

provide less efficiency compared to hydrocar-

bons, i.e., to achieve comparable performance,

solutions are more complex and the total cost

may be a problem; the ammonia, in turn, besi-

des being flammable, is also toxic. Therefore,

companies and technicians need to be infor-

med, trained and certified to properly use these

refrigerant fluids.

Tecumseh markets products around the world

that are developed in compliance with local re-

gulations for use with the best available refri-

gerants. "For the moment, in the small range of

refrigeration capacity, flammable hydrocarbon

refrigerants such as R600a or R290 are the best

solutions. Non-flammable low-GWP fluids (such

as R452A or R513A) provide a significant en-

vironmental step with minor system modifica-

tions. And for customers who would like to go

even further with the very low- GWP solution,

R455A, R454C and R1234yf are ideal for the re-

frigeration market," recommends Tecumseh's

Global Platform Director.

Hence, commitment to investing in the de-

velopment of effective measures to reduce

greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions increasingly

requires.

10 JAN | FEB | MAR | 2019

Just as the Brazilian Institute of Metro-

logy, Quality and Technology (Inme-

tro) is responsible

for verifying and standardizing the

quality of products and services, Te-

cumseh also has an accredited lab to test and

certify its products, the Application and Deve-

lopment Lab (LAD, in its abbreviation in Portu-

guese), in accordance with worldwide standards

to guarantee the safety of the user regarding

electrical risks.

Another specialty of the LAD is the support

to the development of refrigeration systems of

its clients.

LEARN MORE

RESEARCH AND TESTING FOR PRODUCT OPTIMIZATIONGet to know Tecumseh’s Application Lab and learn more about theoptimization of refrigeration systems

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Tecumseh receives refrigeration systems from

large and small companies, which are willing to

evaluate and develop their products in search of

better quality, productivity and safety. For this

purpose, lab professionals develop a series of

tests to find the best combination of thermo-

dynamic performance and energy efficiency for

each case, according to customer needs.

Lab structure

The LAD’s application area has more than 10

chambers for different types of tests in refri-

gerators, considering the conditions of air dis-

tribution, balance and thermal homogeneity,

among others.

The chambers present adequate conditions

for each type of refrigerated equipment and for

storage of different products — for breweries,

for example, the ideal temperature ranges from

-4 °C to -6 °C, while for refrigerants the storage

ranges between 5 °C and 6 °C — and simulate

the Brazilian climatic conditions, a tropical cou-

ntry with temperatures that can vary from 16 °C

to 40 °C, according to the region.

Among the tests carried out, there are tho-

se that evaluate the compressor alone and also

those that comprise the entire refrigeration sys-

tem, with measurements capable of analyzing

the performance from the fairing, insulation and

peripherals, to the refrigeration system. Thereu-

pon, the ideal thermal balance will be sought by

choosing a compressor that is best suited to the

requirements of the product and the customer,

gas load balancing, expansion device adjust-

ment and heat exchangers.

The main tests carried out by Tecumseh are

on products from the commercial sector, su-

permarkets, convenience stores and other es-

tablishments that use display counters (island

freezers) and beverage displays, for example, as

well as home products, such as air conditioners,

household refrigerators and water dispensers.

These tests last on a case by case basis, and

can take from weeks to months for the develop-

ment of a good refrigeration system.

Driven by the large number of people living

in cities and with a lifestyle where there is less

and less time to prepare meals, the commer-

cial refrigeration segment has shown growth.

And so, testing on systems that meet these

demands of modern life are also growing im-

portance for keeping the quality of frozen and

chilled foods and beverages that will reach the

final consumer.

Another important issue that interferes with

the quality of life is noise pollution, which can

be harmful to health. In order to offer solutions

to minimize the noise, Tecumseh's lab has a re-

verberant acoustic chamber with a structure

compliant with international regulation stan-

dards (ISO) for testings to be performed. With

high density walls, acoustic attenuators and un-

derground shock absorbers to avoid any noise

and vibration, one of the chambers simulates a

kitchen without utensils and has high-precision

microphones that measure the noise dispersed

in the environment by the refrigeration system.

Therefore, it is possible to evaluate if the pro-

duct does not exceed the limits established by

norms and if the acoustic comfort for the con-

sumer will be provided.

In addition, there is another semi-anechoic

chamber with the same structure for investiga-

tive noise tests. The researchers and technicians

aim to analyze, find and optimize possible sour-

ces of propagation of unwanted noise from the

refrigeration system.

12 JAN | FEB | MAR | 2019

Acoustic performance testings are the last

step of the process. Therewith, the application

development brings together and evaluates the

thermodynamic, energetic and acoustic perfor-

mances.

Energy efficiency

According to climatologists, some of the hot-

test years already recorded occurred after 2011.

This spike in global temperatures boosted the

use of air conditioners and turned thermal com-

fort into an increasingly important issue of qua-

lity of life. In addition, it is essential for certain

activities and locations, such as the manufactu-

re and preservation of food and medicine and

in environments such as hospitals, industries,

among others.

In this context, the search for energy effi-

ciency is also a growing concern. In Brazil, hou-

sehold electric power consumption has more

than trebled in the last 12 years and, according

to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the

energy consumed by these appliances is expec-

ted to triple by 2050.

Concern about energy consumption has been

around for a long time, especially for “white

goods” household appliances. "In order to re-

gulate this issue, there is the Procel Seal, whi-

ch assesses and certifies the energy efficiency

of these products," explains the lab supervisor

Flávio Rios.

To make these systems more effective, tech-

nology development is critical. In addition to

assisting companies and customers, Tecumseh

also has chambers for testing air conditioners,

which simulate the internal and external envi-

ronment in which the equipment is operating.

The energy concern goes beyond the resi-

dential issue. "As the concern about consump-

tion has also been growing significantly in the

supermarket sector as well as in small local

markets and other consumers of refrigeration

products known as 'light commercial', testing is

a great option for the search for greater energy

efficiency," adds Rios.

13FIC FRIO

14 JAN | FEB | MAR | 2019

APPLICATION

sible not only to achieve performance in terms

of temperature, but also to reduce power con-

sumption, lower temperatures faster and clas-

sify the cabinet in the most critical case. The

numbers are staggering," he says.

This solution provided by Tecumseh offers

versatility, being feasible for use in several

commercial products, which can be used in the

long-term by the customer.

The project, in addition to strengthening the

partnership and the personal contact with cus-

tomers, has expanded Tecumseh’s sales ran-

ge, especially in the market of variable speed

compressors, bringing the VTC premium com-

pressor platform to meet new needs, adding

even more value to the end customer's pro-

duct. "This interaction strengthens Tecumseh’s

brand, improves techniques and delivers some-

thing even more robust to the customer," says

Ferreira.

F rom analysis and market research,

Tecumseh is able to keep an eye on

the current demands of the refrige-

ration area. The company's Appli-

cation Engineering Department de-

velops refrigeration solutions and supports

businesses.

In 2018, Tecumseh completed an application

development project within the light commer-

cial segment for a Latin American client with

whom Tecumseh had already worked before.

The refrigeration solution was developed for

a low-temperature cabinet (freezer for frozen

foods) from an application with an already

existing variable speed compressor that did

not meet their needs.

The client sought a solution that employed

high technology, an environmentally friendly

fluid and cost-effectiveness. So, a premium

condenser unit, which received the VTCX415U-

-MD5C variable speed compressor was then

developed.

Demand for high-end products has driven the

commercial refrigeration segments to use va-

riable speed compressors. These applications

seek to achieve high levels of energy efficiency,

requiring a complex temperature control, use

of environmentally friendly refrigerants and a

low sound level.

Thus, the customer’s requirements have

been met, with lower minimum temperatu-

re, reduction of energy consumption by more

than 26% and temperature decrease by around

17% faster, explains the refrigeration specialist

of the Application Engineering Department at

Tecumseh do Brasil, Plínio Ferreira. "It was pos-

Tecumseh do Brasil Application Engineering Department develops a product enhancement solution for a light commercial refrigeration company

VARIABLE SPEED COMPRESSORS TECUMSEH ON THELATIN AMERICAN MARKET

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CONHEÇA O SOMAR E AUMENTE SEUS LUCROSUm programa de relacionamento e vantagens exclusivo. Somar é uma iniciativa que visa aproximar a Dufrio de seus parceiros, estreitar o relacionamento, facilitar o processo de compras e ainda oferecer vantagens, promoções e campanhas únicas. O Portal Somar é uma ferramenta que facilita as tarefas do dia a dia e com um simples cadastro online é possível de desfrutar dos principais benefícios do programa, acompanhar os pedidos faturados e valor, quantidade de pedidos em aberto e os valores de

bonificações mensais bloqueadas e liberadas para uso em outras compras ou recebimento em dinheiro.

Notícias, lembretes e calendário de compromissos e eventos do setor também são disponibilizados e além disso os usuários podem realizar compras pelo portal, liberar RT, solicitar garantia, troca ou devolução de produtos.

Porém, o Somar não se resume apenas ao portal. Procure a loja Dufrio mais próxima para saber mais.

Se você é parceiro Dufrio e ainda não faz parte do SOMAR, cadastre-se hoje mesmo:

somar.dufrio.com.br/acesso

16 JAN | FEB | MAR | 2019

BEST PRACTICES

Modern maintenance techniques are increasingly important and beneficial for the refrigeration segment

PREDICTIVE, PREVENTIVE AND CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

As an increasingly important issue

on the market, proper mainte-

nance of a refrigeration system is

responsible for avoiding problems

and allowing the proper function-

ing of the equipment, providing even more qual-

ity for the system.

Tecumseh was able to prove this in practice,

within the company itself, with one of its refrig-

eration equipment. Recently, a cold water unit

had its operating life extended due to the pre-

dictive maintenance performed.

In operation since 2002, with 119,232 machine

hours, R$308,000 in preventive maintenance

was saved by performing the predictive main-

tenance. There are three types of maintenance

that can be done in a refrigeration equipment:

the predictive, the preventive and the corrective.

Predictive maintenance is intended to be per-

formed only when the facilities need it. It is car-

ried out through the assessment of wear and tear

of parts or components of critical equipment by

Tecu

mse

h a

rch

ive

17FIC FRIO

The preventive maintenance is performed

based on the equipment operating time, and

not on its current efficiency, thus it is more cost-

ly than the predictive one. Corrective mainte-nance, in turn, is done when the equipment has a

problem that needs to be corrected in order for

it to work again.

The best time for technical intervention is

when the system presents a potential failure,

that is, an initial failure symptom, as indicated

in figure 1. Once this symptom has been identi-

fied, it is possible to detect the component and

safely schedule the replacement without down-

time, and avoid the exchange of functional parts.

On the other hand, if maintenance is performed

close to the functional failure, equipment break-

down, unexpected production stoppage and

part disposal may occur.

means of symptom analysis or estimation made

by statistical evaluation, estimating the prob-

lem evolution path detected in the equipment

and the time that it can last without risk to the

machine or to the production, aiming to use the

maximum service life of the components without

affecting their efficiency.

Thus, predictive maintenance is the best case

scenarios regarding costs, because it is only per-

formed on the spots needed for the equipment

to maintain a reliable operation.

PF CURVE VS. MAINTENANCE COST

Equipment Operating Time

Eq

uip

men

t P

erfo

rman

ce

best moment to act

MaintenanceCost

Preventive maintenancebased on time

P=Potential Fault

Figure 1

F=Functional Fault

In order to warn about the subject relevance,

there are safety regulations that regulate the

cleaning and maintenance of refrigeration sys-

tems. The Regulatory Standard 32, for example,

requires that preventive and corrective mainte-

nance be carried out to preserve the integrity and

efficiency of the system’s componentes, which

must be in perfect working conditions, in addition

to determining that the appliances are in proper

cleaning conditions.

In addition, as of January 2018, Law 13,589 es-

tablishes a Maintenance, Operation and Control

Plan (PMOC, in its abbreviation in Portuguese) in

public buildings with acclimatized environments,

to ensure air quality and prevent or minimize

health risks for the occupants — learn more in the

interview with the engineer and VP of Marketing

and Communications VP at the Brazilian Associ-

ation of Refrigeration, Air Conditioning, Ventila-

tion, and Heating (Abrava), Arnaldo L. Parra, on

Fic Frio’s issue no. 104.

Therefore, it is increasingly necessary to devel-

op and apply modern maintenance techniques.

"It is critical to pursue engineering strategies and

maintenance management with a focus on busi-

ness competitiveness to achieve increased avail-

ability and reduced maintenance costs," explains

Anderson Marcato, Utilities Supervisor at Tecum-

seh do Brasil.

Tecumseh performs preventive and predic-

tive maintenance on its equipment and advis-

es its clients on the importance of the proce-

dure. Condensing units, for example, must be

cleaned annually under normal operating con-

ditions, however, it is recommended that clean-

ing be carried out more frequently to avoid the

accumulation of dirt. The company provides

an installation manual on the website, www.tecumseh.com, which covers and guides the

maintenance and cleaning of equipment.

BENEFITS OF PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE

• To avoid emergency stops;

• To reduce machine stops and openings for in-

spection;

• To support the preventive maintenance;

• To increase the equipment uptime for produc-

tion;

• To reduce the extent of damage;

• To optimize machine operating methods;

• To recommend spare parts;

• To reduce the amount of spare parts stored;

• To extend the service life of components to the

maximum;

• To propose improvements regarding mainte-

nance;

• Reduction of overtime;

• Reduction of maintenance costs.

18 JAN | FEB | MAR | 2019

MYTH OR FACT

The Internet and social networks ea-

sed the dissemination of content

in different formats. Thus, sharing

news of dubious origin has become

usual.

Some of the videos circulating on social ne-

tworks earlier this year involved accidents in

the refrigeration sector. One of them portrays a

man in a convenience store, barefoot and with

a child on his lap. When opening the establish-

ment’s refrigerator, he keeps his hand stuck in

the door due to the force of the electric shock.

Another video shows a technician climbing a la-

dder leaning on the front of a store, carrying an

air conditioner to perform the installation. The

ladder breaks in half and results in the fall of

the man.

To avoid and prevent accidents such as those

portrayed in these videos, Tecumseh do Brasil

Application Engineer, Mário Berti, recommends

some safety measures. "Certified and well-main-

tained equipment must be used and household

tools should not be used in professional activi-

ties. Suitable PPE for the work to be performed

and compliance with established safety stan-

dards are critical," says Berti. "In addition, for

the end-user’s safety, installation and mainte-

nance need to be performed correctly," he adds.

Electrical installations

The electric shock of the first video was pro-

bably caused by an insulation failure in some

connection or cable, possibly due to wear or

poorly executed procedures.

In this particular case, even with the insula-

tion failure, if the product was properly groun-

ded, the shock would not occur. A network with

a residual-current device (RCD) would also pre-

vent an electric shock.

The NBR-5410 is one of the most comprehen-

sive standards for electrical installations, whi-

SAFETY

Safety precautions and regulatory compliance prevent accidents in therefrigeration sector

ch stipulates the proper conditions for the safe

operation of low-voltage installations, aimed at

public and commercial environments. The IEC-

60335, in turn, covers domestic refrigeration

equipment that does not have nominal voltage

greater than 250 V for single-phase and 480

V for three-phase devices, determining the le-

akage current limits and minimum insulation for

each case.

Falls

In Brazil, accidents related to falls killed 161

workers in 2017, according to the Ministry of La-

bor. To prevent this, important safety standards

for portable ladders are the NR-18, RTP-4 and

NBR16308. In addition to reinforcing the use of

safety equipment and establishing conditions

of use, according to these standards, ladders

must be supported in structures with an angle

of between 65° and 80° — if it is greater than

80°, the ladder is very close to the wall and the-

re may be a fall, if it is less than 65°, the ladder

may bend.

Sh

utt

ers

tock

19FIC FRIO

FOR YOU TO GATHER

TECUMSEH’S CROSS REFERENCEFH FAMILIES FOR AWS

Application in LBP

Refrigerant Fluid

Reference(HP) FH Family AWS Family

AWS Family Voltages

XN KZ XG LZ

R404A2 FH2480 AWS2495 x x x

3 FH2511 AWS2512 x x x

Application in M/HBP

Refrigerant Fluid

Reference(HP) FH Family AWS Family

AWS Family Voltages

XN KZ XG LZ

R22

1 3/4 FH4524 AWS4522 x x x

2 1/2 FH4531 AWS4532 x x x

3 FH4540 AWS4538 x x x

R404A

1 3/4 FH4524 AWS4522 x x x

2 1/2 FH4531 AWS4532 x x x

3 FH4540 AWS4538 x x x

Voltages and Frequencies

AWS FAMILY208-230 V 60 Hz XN single-phase

200-220 V 50 Hz XN single-phase

380-420 V 50 Hz XG three-phase

460 V 60 Hz XG three-phase

350-440 V 60 Hz LZ three-phase

340-440 V 50 Hz LZ three-phase

220 V 60 Hz KZ three-phase

220 V 50 Hz KZ three-phase

Application: LBP (Frozen) / M/HBP (Refrigerated) / HBP (Air-conditioned)

20 JAN | FEB | MAR | 2019