it’s a boy!
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It’s a Boy!. Long-term Memory. Where does the dissociation between structures involved in LTM come from (in humans)?. Long-term Memory. Patient H.M. “Loss of Recent Memory After Bilateral Hippocampal Lesions”, Scoville and Milner (1957) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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It’s a Boy!
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Where does the dissociation between structures involved in LTM come from (in humans)?
Long-term Memory
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Long-term Memory
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Patient H.M.• “Loss of Recent Memory After Bilateral Hippocampal
Lesions”, Scoville and Milner (1957) • onset of epilepsy at age ten, perhaps due to bike
accident (wear a helmet!)
• 1953 - underwent temporal lobectomy to reduce seizure activity
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• severe anterograde amnesia• temporally graded retrograde amnesia
Patient H.M.
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Patient H.M.
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1. Memory and perceptual skills are dissociable.2. Lesions of the MTL produce amnesia for recent but not
remote events.3. There are multiple long-term memory systems in the brain.
Patient H.M.
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Long-term Memory
• What’s the one thing that all of these people have in common?
Lesions!
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Long-term Memory• What about normal memory?
• That is, memory in the “normal” brain
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Long-term MemoryThe theory is that the MTL is temporally involved in declarative memory in normal humans…
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Long-term Memory
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Long-term Memory
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Long-term Memory• functional imaging data from “normal” subjects confirms
lesion studies
• be skeptical!
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Long-term Memory• What would it be like to possess the ability to remember
everything?
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Long-term Memory• Case study of S. (Solomon Shereshevskii)
• Russian journalist
• never took any notes, recalled everything verbatim
• thought this was “normal”
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Long-term Memory• Alexander Luria - Soviet neuropsychologist
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Long-term Memory• Shereshevskii suffered from synaesthesia• stimulation of one sense leads to automatic stimulation
of another • hearing a sound produces a visual experience
“I can see the music…”
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Long-term Memory• random number table
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Long-term Memory
1 this is a proud, well-built man 2 is a high-spirited woman 3 is a gloomy person6 is a man with a swollen foot7 is a man with a moustache 8 is a very stout woman - a sack within a sack.
“As for the number 87, what I see is a fat woman and a man twirling his moustache”
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Long-term Memory• memory consists of associative networks• perhaps mnemonists can create better networks
To Kill A Mockingbird
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Long-term Memory• memory consists of associative networks• perhaps mnemonists can create better networks
To Kill A Mockingbird
highschoolMr. Lacey
English
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Long-term Memory• memory consists of associative networks• perhaps mnemonists can create better networks
birdcanary
chicken
mockingbird
To Kill A Mockingbird
racism
highschool
Martin Luther King
skiing
Mr. Lacey
English
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• What do you think the brain of someone that has this “super memory” would look like?
Long-term Memory
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• What if I told you it looked like this?
Long-term Memory
Kim Peek
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Long-term Memory• macroencephaly• no corpus callosum• no anterior/posterior commisure
• degenerated cerebellum
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• Autism?• Motor disturbances• Overall I.Q. of 87
• despite this, he displays some amazing abilities…
Long-term Memory
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Long-term Memory
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Long-term Memory
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k2T45r5G3kA
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Long-term Memory• 98% retention rate for reading material• reads on average 8 books a day (has approximately 9000
memorized!)• one page every 8-10 seconds• also has incredible memory for music, often remembering
compositions only experienced once
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Long-term MemoryWhat could support this ability?
“Does brain damage stimulate compensatorydevelopment in some other area of the brain, or does it
simply allow otherwise latent abilities to emerge?”
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Long-term Memory