http://www.lonelyplanet.com/maps/europe/italy/

ITALYTuscan Farm House, oil on wood, 4"x5.5", (10cm x 14cm )

Under the Tuscan Sun

Geography

Southern Europe with an area of about 301,000 sq. kilometers

The variety of climatic and morphological conditions

Heterogeneous nature of the soil

italian cultureFood is part of the rythm of life.Enjoying a meal with friends or family is the main ingredient of any Italian dish.

Tradition and regional diversity :

Every dish, even the most simple, has roots in the past and traditions of that particular region.

Sunday lunch is usually spent at some relative’s home

5% of Italians eat out on Sundays

95% are at home eating as much as humanly possible.

Two cardinal rules of Italian cuisine

Eat Locally

Eat seasonally - faithful Italian cooks would never eat asparagus, tomatoes or artichokes out of the seasons.

1. agricultural history

Family Farming

Sharecropping

Till second WW, agricultural structure based on the nature of the relationship existing between land ownership, labour and entreprenuiral function

Over 90% of holdings have been classified within same group as direct farming on own land (farms run directly by farmer)

PEASANT AND CAPITALISTIC FORMS OF AGRICULTURE

types of Food industry

Industrial

Organic

Local

Three different types of food productions

major ITALIAN crops

FRUITS (GRAPS, CITRUS FRUITS,APPLE, PEACHES, STRAWBERRIES, RASBERRIES)

GRAINS (WHEAT, MAZES, RICE)

VEGETABLES

NUTS ( CHESTNUTS, HAZELNUTS)

OLIVES

TRUFFLES AND MUSHROOMS

TRUFFLES AND SUGAR BEAT

land Tenure situation

in Italy there are a number of ways of registering ownership of the property

1. Family ownership2. Sole and joint ownership3. Shared ownership4. co-ownership

under Italian law, anyone with a share of a willed property can insist on receiving their share … now.

EU CAP(Common Agriculture policy)

AGRICULTURE POLICIES

EU spent over 50 billion on subsidies in 2008. Largest receipient of these funds was France (10.1 billion)

Has many different regions for specific production methods and culinary traditions for quality control

Three quality logos : (1) PDO (2) TSG (3) PGI

1102 Registered Products

EU in General

organic farming

ORGANIC FARMINGHTTP://WWW.FAO.ORG/DOCREP/004/Y1669E/Y1669E0A.HTM

current agricultural practices

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=50-CJGkgjF8

sustainability

SoundEcologyWater & Air Quality ProtectedNatural Resources ManagedSustain Viable Biodiversity

FeasibleImplementationPublic Supports ProposalAdequate Resources AvailableLaws & Regulations Workor Can be Changed

Sufficient EnergyEnhance Use of RenewablesCareful Allocation of Carbon-Based Fuel ResourcesInvest in Research

SocialEquityAll Segments of Society Share WealthPublic Has Opportunity for InputRewards Fairly Distributed

Landowner ObjectivesBalanced Land UsePlanning Landowner ContributionsRecognized and ValuedWhat is Their Vision?

ViableEconomyInvestment $$$ AvailablePositive Affect on Local EconomyAdequate Infrastructure

source and acknowledgement

http://www.fao.org/farmingsystems/pdf/IFSA/Abstracts.pdf

http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/24426/1/sp05ro01.pdf (Paper prepared for presentation at the 94th EAAE Seminar‘From households to firms with independent legal status: the spectrum of institutional units in the development of European agriculture ’)

http://www.oecd.org/tad/sustainable-agriculture/45447828.pdf