General Directorate of Military Survey (GDMS) Experience in Creating the

Saudi Topographic Database (STDB) Standards and Specifications 1:50,000 and 1:250,000 scale( ISO-19110 / ISO-19115 )

Col. Eng. Mohammed DalbouhNovember 13-2006

Contents

GDMS MissionGDMS Developments

Phase 1 – Preparation and human resources development.Phase 2 – Introduction of Digital Mapping System.Phase 3 – Digital Map Production.Phase 4 – GIS era.

Saudi Topographic Database (STDB) – Standards and Specifications

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Area :2,000,000 sq. km. (approximately)

Land Border Length:4,259 km.

Coastline Length:4,587 km.

Number of Islands:1317 (approximately)

GDMS MISSION

Production of Topographic Maps, Aeronautical and Hydrographic Charts,

Digital Geographic Data and Products for Civilian, Military and Private Sectors.

Recruitment.Building facilities.Establish educational institution.Education (Local - International)

GDMS DevelopmentsPhase 1: (1973-1985) Preparation and human resources development.

PC2 Wild Analytical

WILD B8S

WILD A10

Participating in 1:50,000 mapping for the Kingdom using conventional analog and early digital methods.

Anaglyph Stereo Plotter (ZEISS P10)

GDMS DevelopmentsPhase 2: (1986-1990) Introduction of Digital Mapping System into the production.

Training.

Converting from conventional analog method to digital method.

Starting the digital mapping project (1:250,000) for the entire Kingdom to produce Joint Operation Graphics (JOG) sheets (DMA- Series 1501 & 1501 Air) by building a new geodetic network based on (WGS84) datum.

GDMS DevelopmentsPhase 3 ( 1990 – 1998 ) Digital Map Production.

Rapid Response Mapping Program (1990-91 Gulf War)Advanced development in hardware and software .

More accurate & reliable data .In 1991, GDMS conducted a GIS concept study, assisted by a team of international experts, to define the requirements for a National GIS.

In 1994, started building elevation dataset (DTED Level 1) for the entire Kingdom using DMA specifications .

In 1997, started building ADRG Coverage for the entire Kingdom using DMA specifications.

In 1998, completed the 1:250,000 JOG Map Series for the entire Kingdom .

1:250,000Topographic Line Map

Military Use

1:250,000Topographic Line Map

Civilian Use

GDMS DevelopmentsPhase 4 ( 1998 – present ) GIS era.

Since GDMS first adopted Digital Mapping System in its production, the aim was to create multi-scale National Topographic Database, for military and civil requirements.In 1998, GDMS started developing the STDB standards and specifications using DIGEST Standards, Canadian Standards and others.In 1998, upon GDMS initiative, the Kingdom joined ISOTC211. In 1998, GDMS started converting DGN Data to Structured Data andbuilding the database.In 2002, GDMS established the GIS Center.In 2004, GDMS developed the first National Geoid Model.In 2005, GDMS developed a new horizontal datum (ITRF2000).

250KData Conversion

Process

Request from DMP the JOG Sheet design files namely

.2dm, .tsf, .fcn & .txt

Pre-Conversion Validation and Editing in Microstation

Yes

Data Conversion to Arcinfo coverages

No

Editing, attributing, validation in ArcInfo

Yes

No

GIS Database Storagee.g. \\GISX\GIS\STDB

Conversion to STDBRun Conversion AMLS

250k Data Conversion Process Flow

Check Errors?

Quality Control.

Errors?

50KData Conversion

Process

Received DataFrom PHG

(DGN)

Convert DGN Files into

ArcInfo Format( 9 Layers)

EDIT1. Spatial Edit

1.1 Close polygons. 1.2 Check nodeerrors

(dangles and pseudo nodes.)2. Populate Attribute

2.1 Add Codes (IGDS-GGN0) for polygon features.

EDGEMATCHING1. Spatial Match2. Attribute Match

QUALITY CONTROL1. Check Programmatically 2. On screen check.

Populate ArcInfo coverages with STDB

attributes

To GIS, to give additional intelligence on the Dataset

Errors?Yes

No

50k Data Conversion Process Flow

STDB is comprised of data at scale 1:250,000

which cover the entire

landmass of the Kingdom

and scale 1:50,000

which cover the densely

populated area.

The STDB Coverage

THEMESEntities are grouped according to the following themes.

STDB Themes:1. BND: Boundaries2. ELEV: Elevation3. HYDRO: Hydrography4. IND: Industry5. PHYS: Physiography6. POP: Population7. TRANS: Transportation8. UTIL: Utility9. VEG: Vegetation

STDB Range

9000 - 9999Vegetation (VEG)

8000 - 8999Utility (UTIL)

7000 - 7999Transportation (TRANS)

6000 - 6999Population (POP)

5000 - 5999Physiography (PHYS)

4000 - 4999Industry (IND)

3000 - 3999Hydrography (HYDRO)

2000 - 2999Elevation (ELEV)

1000 - 1999Boundary (BND)

Range of STDB CodesTheme

DATA DICTIONARY(Metadata)

Entity Descriptions

Theme nameEntity name and definitionAttributes, attribute values and definitionsFeature and Attribute Code Catalog (FACC)Authorized combinations of attribute values, MFC and STDB CodeGuaranteed sizeType of spatial representation (two or three dimensions) and altimetric exclusionRelations, figure and notes

The dictionary presents the entities in alphabetical order. For each entity the dictionary includes the following:

Descriptive RepresentationFixed Domain Attribute‏ An attribute is of fixed domain when its values are known, limited,

and set.

Variable Domain Attribute‏ A variable attribute is an attribute whose value cannot be

determined in advance, such as the number/name assigned to a road. An attribute is of variable domain when the multiplicity of values that the attribute may take does not allow one to explicitly state their domain.

Spatial Relations

The Connection RelationConnection between Entities from the Same Theme

Connection between Entities from Different Themes

Resolution‏ Resolution deals with the size of topographic features in the

STDB. It is defined using a set of values referred to as "guaranteed sizes", which set the minimum sizes for topographic features to be included in the STDB. The STDB may contain topographic features that are smaller than the guaranteed sizes as long as:

1. The authorized geometric representations of each entity are respected;

2. The data in the STDB remain homogeneous (that is, the resolution of data is not significantly altered by including these entities).

DATA DICTIONARYEntity name and definition

Attributes, attribute values and definitionsFeature and Attribute Code Catalog (FACC)

HYDROGRAPHY (HYDRO)

River/Stream A body of fresh water that flows naturally along its course from a higher elevation of its source to a lower elevation where it discharges and serves as a natural outlet for a drainage area or a basin ofconsiderable extent.

FACC: BH145

Attribute Attribute Value Definition0 Generic/Unknown Not applicable or impossible to determine3 Dry Seldom contains water or contains water for short periods of time6 Non-Perennial Contains water for an average of less than six months8 Perennial Contains water for six months or more1 D/L Double Line 2 Braided Braided1 Definite Position and shape has been accurately determined2 Indefinite Position and shape are subject to change or not accurate

WSTWadi Status Type

HYTHydrology Type

HYCHydrological Category

Approved name assigned to the River/Stream and UNK if the value is unknown

Actual Value (Name)UNKNMEName (English)

Approved name assigned to the River/Stream and UNK if the value is unknown

Actual Value (Name)UNKNMAName (Arabic)

DefinitionAttribute ValueVariable Attribute

DATA DICTIONARYAuthorized combinations of attribute values

MFC and STDB CodeGuaranteed size

1:50 K 1:250 KMFC STDB Code MFC STDB Code

● ~ ■ ● ~ ■ ● ~ ■ ● ~ ■

Generic/Unknown 3500Dry, Definite 2710

27363501 3113 3501

Dry, Indefinite 2726 3502Non-Perennial, Definite 2706 3503Non-Perennial, Indefinite 3504Perennial, Definite 2702 3505 3310

33123505

Perennial, Indefinite 3510 3322 3510Perennial, Definite, D/L 2700 3511 3314

33243511

Non-Perennial, Definite, D/L 2704 3512Dry, Definite, D/L 2708 3513 3115 3513Dry, Indefinite, D/L 2724 3514Dry, Definite, Braided 2734 3515

Authorized Combinationsof Attribute Values

1:50 K 1:250 K● ~ ■ ● ~ ■

Range >Width >Length > 320 3125

Guaranteed Size (meters)

DATA DICTIONARYsome features specific for KSA

Sabkha A flat plane of salt-encrusted clayey soil which occurs in inland desert areas and adjacent to coastal waters in arid andsemiarid regions.

Attribute Attribute Value Definition0 Generic/Unknown Not applicable or impossible to determine

BH160FACC:

5020351650202720Generic/Unknown

■~●■~●■~●■~●

STDB CodeMFCSTDB CodeMFC

1:250 K1:50 KAuthorized Combinationsof Attribute Values

Length >Width >

625125Range >Guaranteed Size (meters)

■~●■~●1:250 K1:50 K

PHYSIOGRAPHY (PHYS)

Table of EntitiesAttributes and Attribute Categories

Theme Entity Name FACC TYPE ATT Attribute CategoriesBND Cairn AL025 P Generic/UnknownBND Fence AL070 L Generic/UnknownBND Wall AL260 L WTI Generic/Unknown

RetainingEarthen

BND Coastline/Shoreline BA010 L SLT Generic/UnknownRockySandyStony, ShinglyOther

SLS DefiniteIndefinite

BND Administrative Boundary FA000 L ACC Generic/UnknownAccurateApproximate

BST Generic/UnknownDefiniteIndefiniteIn dispute

USE Generic/UnknownInternationalProvincialGovernorate

Theme Attribute Combinations FACC Fixed Attributes Variable Attributes STDB Code (50K) STDB Code (250 K)and Values P L A P L A

6170Designated Area, Generic/Unknown

POP65306510AL030Cemetery, Generic/UnknownPOP

6140AK060Campground/Camp Site, Generic/Unknown

POP6444NMA, NMEEXS=6AL020Built-up Area, AbandonedPOP

6443NMA, NMEEXS=5AL020Built-up Area, Under Construction

POP

6442NMA, NMEEXS=500, BAC=1

AL020Built-up Area, Populated, Sparse

POP

6441NMA, NMEEXS=500, BAC=2

AL020Built-up Area, Populated, DensePOP

644064506440NMA, NMEEXS=0AL020Built-up Area, Generic/Unknown

POP64146354HGT, ZV2 BFC=999AL015Building, OtherPOP

635364136353HGT, ZV2 BFC=600AL015Building, Nomadic SettlementPOP

64126352HGT, ZV2 BFC=500AL015Building, Building Under Construction

POP64116351HGT, ZV2 BFC=92AL015Building, Weather StationPOP63966336HGT, ZV2 BFC=24AL015Building, WarehousePOP

64166356HGT, ZV2 BFC=54AL015Building, Service/Refueling Station

POP64186358HGT, ZV2BFC=25AL015Building, RoundhousePOP

63976337HGT, ZV2 BFC=26AL015Building, R/R Storage/Repair Facility

POP64096349HGT, ZV2 BFC=90AL015Building, Pump-housePOP63906330HGT, ZV2 BFC=13AL015Building, PrisonPOP64086348HGT, ZV2 BFC=83AL015Building, Power GenerationPOP64026342HGT, ZV2 BFC=35AL015Building, Post OfficePOP63896329HGT, ZV2 BFC=12AL015Building, Police StationPOP63886328HGT, ZV2 BFC=11AL015Building, PalacePOP

STDB Metadata Editor

STDB MetadataSample

DESCRIPTIONLayer Name: elevnet Theme: ELEV Sheet No.:Local: 45AB International: NF37-11 Map Name: MAKKAH AL MUKARRAMAH مكة المكرمةAbstract: REQUIRED: A brief narrative summary of the data set. Location: \\gdms\dfsroot\gis\products\250k\s250k\f45ab\elevnet Data Type: ArcInfo Coverage Data Size: 6.199 MB Originator: GDMS-GIS Section

STATUS OF DATAData Status: Complete Data Update Frequency: As Needed

CONSTRAINTSAccess: Restricted Distribution Use: Not to divulged to third parties.

SPATIAL INFORMATIONHorizontal Coordinate System: Projected coordinate system name: WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_37N Geographic coordinate system name: GCS_WGS_1984 Grid Coordinate System Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Zone 37 Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 Vertical Datum: Mean Sea Level (Jiddah,1969) Bounding Coordinates: West : 39° 00' East : 40° 30' South: 21° 00' North: 22° 00'

SOURCE INFORMATIONSource File/s: 45AB.2dm , 45AB.txt , 45AB.fcn Location: v:\production\gis\stdb\stdb_tsf_files\nstdb\dgn\45AB Originator: GDMS-Photogrammetry and LGS Software Used: Intergraph Software Scale: 1:250,000 Date of Photography: 1987 Date of Field Edit: DECEMBER-1989 Attribute Accuracy: 90% Positional Accuracy: Horizontal: 125m Vertical: 25m

Geographic Information System SectionGeneral Directorate of Military Survey

Ministry of Defense & Aviation and Inspectorate GeneralKingdom of Saudi Arabia

SAUDI TOPOGRAPHIC DATABASE

Name : Col. Mohammed Saad DalbouhAddress : General Directorate for Military Survey

Phone : 4541200 ext 5245Fax : 2692240

E-mail :From : 08:00

To : 14:00Contact Hours :

14/2/1427Date :GDMSProvider :

geodatabase392121-1, 392121-2, 392121-3, 392121-4DescriptionFile Name

Makkah Al MukkaramahComplete10k - 25kVegetationMakkah Al MukkaramahComplete10k - 25kUtilityMakkah Al MukkaramahComplete10k - 25kTransportationMakkah Al MukkaramahComplete10k - 25kPopulationMakkah Al MukkaramahComplete10k - 25kPhysiographyMakkah Al MukkaramahComplete10k - 25kIndustryMakkah Al MukkaramahComplete10k - 25kHydrographyMakkah Al MukkaramahComplete10k - 25kElevationMakkah Al MukkaramahComplete10k - 25kBoundary

Abstract (Summary)Area ScopeStatusScale RangeLayer Name

2005FieldEdit

2001AerialPhoto

8m Horizontal3m Vertical

WGS 1984UTM_Zone_37N

VegareaDateFormatName

Data SourceTopological ErrorsAccuracyCoordinate SystemLayer Name

DateProcessLayer Name

IntSTDBVegareaDescriptionTypeAttribute NameLayer Name

Vector Description

Contact Info

Notes

File Description

Vector Description

Layer Description

History (Processes done on data)

Vector Attributes

References

Thank You

Thank You