islamabad | oct-15 | sarhad rural support programme: micro-grids
TRANSCRIPT
Micro-Grids
ir
ndMalaka
Now
Ko
dda Bu ner
Man
Tank
SARHAD RURAL SUPPORT POGRAMME
Chitral
Upper Dir
Swat
Kohistan
BattagramLower D Shanglasehra
Tor GharCharsa
MardanAbbottabad
Peshawarshera Haripur
Hungu
hatKarak
Lakki Marwat
D I Khan
• Largest non profit/non government organization established in 1989, over two decades of dedication and commitment
• SRSP- a gender responsive, environment friendly and poor/poverty focused organization
• Development and Humanitarian programs diversified packages as per local context, needs and opportunities
• Presence in 24 out of 26 districts and 8 tribal areas
Session Objectives
• To Introduce Hydro Power Projects• To share benefits of hydro power projects• Micro Hydro Power Projects under SRSP
What is Hydro Power
Hydro Power Systems convert the kinetic energy in flowing water into electric energy
How Hydroelectric Power System Works
Flowing water is directed at a turbine. The flowing water causes the turbine to rotate, converting the water’s kinetic energy into mechanical energy
SMALL HYDRO POWER SYSTEMS
CLASSIFICATION POWER RATING
MICRO-HYDRO < 100 kW
MINI-HYDRO 100 kW – 1MW
SMALL-SCALE HYDRO 1MW – 25 MW
Mature Technology Highest prime moving efficiencySpectacular operational flexibilityFirst place among all renewable sourcesInstalled capacity –world 47000 MWUntil recently, small scale hydro power classified as below
Steps for Project Planning=
• Desk Study• Initial site assessment• Survey visit• Pre-feasibility study• Feasibility study• Detailed design• Implementation
TenderingContractingImplementationTesting and Commissioning
Normal Operation (Operation and Maintenance)
Requirements for Initial Site Assessment
Following data is normally required in initial assessment of small hydro power project
• Available flow and pressure head• Topographic maps showing the catchment area of the site• General climatic and hydrological conditions• Electric demand at project location• Access to project site• General construction cost at project location
COMPONENTS OF HYDRO POWER UNITS• Intake• Settling Basin• Channel• Forebay Tank• Penstock• EME Equipments• Power House• Transmission Line
Community Micro/Mini Hydro Power Projects=
Micro/Mini scale hydro power developmental project which can be executed, operated and maintained by community and fulfill the energy requirements of natives
1. Target beneficiaries are the rural people residing at a considerable distance away from national grid transmission line and distribution networks
2. It should have potential to generate power (water source flowing from considerable height)
3. There should be enough household demand for electricity4. Consumers and potential users of energy form micro hydro be willing to take
up productive end use activities 5. Existing facility available but non functional6. Existing facility available but insufficient
Potential Target Sites
Comparative Advantages
1. Components of micro hydro can be locally manufactured and thy system can be locally built
2. Micro Hydro Plants are comparatively easy to manufacture and install indigenously thus boosting employment and economic activity
3. It can be locally managed, operated and maintained by giving training to local people
4. The organization and management costs are lower than for the other energy systems
End Uses
Turbines
Productive Use Consumptive Use
• Electric • Domestic • Lighting• Cooking• Cooling• Heating
• Electronic Media etc
Electric • Agro
Processesing• Timber Sawing
• Pulping• Packaging
• Transportation• Pumping
Mechanical• Agro Process sing• Timber Sawing
• Pulping• Packaging
• Transportation• Pumping
Renewable Energy and SRSP
1. 166 MHPs with a cost of 1.25 billion (PKR) with 100 million PKR as sweat equity established across KPK
2. Established MHPs producing 9.6 MW electricity benefiting 275000 population
District No
Batgram 7
Buner 1
Chitral 25
Kohistan 18
Kurram 1
Lower Dir 5
Shangla 24
Swat 43
Dir Upper 42
Total 166
Donors MHPs installed
PEACE (EU) 84
PPAF 39
BKPAP 15
UNHCR, UNHCR-RAHA 14
Aus-Aid 7
CIDA, ICCO, IKF 6
Flood Donation 1
Total 166
Renewable Energy and SRSP
1. By 2016 SRSP would have established 422 units in Malakand Division with an overall cost 3.42 billion PKR
2. Production capacity of over 33 MW
3. Beneficiaries over 700,000 population
4. Major Donors – EU, Government of KPK and PPAF
Chitral
Shangla
MHP as a Social Enterprise 1. 100 kW MHPs as social
enterprise2. Tariff of PKR 4/unit for
domestic and PKR 10/Unit for commercial users
3. Surplus generation is invested in respective communities with a focus on women and girl child e.g. CBS, preserving cultural heritage and supporting teacher salaries etc
MHP Jungle Inn Kalam
MHP Jungle Inn Kalam
MHPs improving social sector services 1. Hospital in Kalam and BHUs
in respective union councils2. 24/7 electricity enabling
environment for improved education
MHP Serai
MHP in Shangla
MHP in Swat
Productive Use of Renewable Energy (PURE) 1. Fruits drying through hydro
and solar dryers 2. 15 BIGs with 260 members
mostly women and their linkages with BDSPs and national markets
3. Net gain on 1 kg of red persimmon was PKR 440
4. An independent assessment showed 156% increase in income of BIG members
Drying of Red Persimmon
Drying of Red Persimmon
SRSP reducing Carbon Footprints Current MHPs
CO2 emission reduction29,030 tons/year Production Capacity= 9.6 MWOperational for 20 hrs/day in a yearCO2 reduction @0.42 kg/yr. for 1 KwH
All Units by 2016CO2 emission reduction99,792 tons/yearProduction Capacity= 33 MWOperational for 20 hrs/day in a yearCO2 reduction @0.42 kg/yr. for 1 KwH
Current MHPsKerosene avoided 33 million liters/year Production Capacity= 9.6 MWOperational for 20 hrs/day in a yearCO2 reduction @0.48 liter/yr. for 1 KwH
All Units by 2016Kerosene avoided 114 million liters/yearProduction Capacity= 33 MWOperational for 20 hrs/day in a yearCO2 reduction @0.48 liter/yr. for 1 KwH
Operation and Maintenance Mechanism SRSP is implementing two pronged strategy
1. The units which are less than 100 kW after completion handed over to the community, the community run the MHP, the management and financial system is with the community SRSP technical staff provide technical back up service to support the community
2. In larger unit which exceed 100 kW are run as social enterprise
Operation, Maintenance & Management by Community Managed MHP’s
1. Establishment And function of an MHP management / Power committee
2. On Job training to the operators, Specialized training for operators & Management training for the mangers3. Opening of Bank account with one signatory from SRSP and one
signatory from management / power committee4. Tariff Calculation , SRSP technical staff informs communities
about tariff rates that need to be set if the unit is going to successful
5. SRSP provides different Log books to the power committee for record keeping e.g. ( meter reading , maintenance , billing, routine checkup, generation etc )
Cont
6. The power committee carry outs routine operation of the MHP Plant & its different components
7. The Management & protection of the micro catchment area for sustained water flow
8. Handling and management of plant revenue
9.Collection of connection fee domestic 2000 and commercial 4000 deposited in the MHP bank account
10.Periodic inspections carried out by SRSP Technical staff
11.Regular back stopping from SRSP technical and social team
Cont
12. SRSP puts management in place to run the system professionally
13. The user fee charged to the community are based on the principal that it is the social enterprise which would be run to make a reasonable profit to cover its operation and replace , cost and make a profit which is not exploitative
14. The power committee uses the revenue generated to ensure the system continue to give the quality service to the consumers
15. The profit from the MHPs are pumped back in to the community for their social and economic development
16. Communities capacities would be built to take on greater governance and management responsibilities
Challenges
1. Awareness of communities 2. Insufficient site studies 3. Lack of operating capability4. Community base O&M systems5. Designing/Section of efficient machineries6. Less staff exposure7. Hard area constraints8. Weather constraints
Steps taken to counter the challenges
1. Social Mobilization and awareness workshops regarding MHPs2. Formation of MHP management, maintenance and Audit
committees3. Actively involvement of communities in the construction 4. Training of community people in O&M 5. Orientation/training of field staff on different aspects of MHPs6. Prepared comprehensive implementation strategy7. Procured hi-tech survey equipments (High frequency GPS, Total
Station, Auto levels, Range detectors etc) 8. Worked out on viable operation maintenance and management
system of MHPs in our MHP strategy (Development of MIS system, formation of MHP management committees and maintenance committees, capacity building/trainings)
9. Procured efficiency and load testing equipments
How to Improve the Sustainability of the MHP’s
1. Sensitization and awareness raising2. Capacity building in practical aspects of MHP operation and maintenance
(Book keeping, financial management, tariff setting and updating maintenance routine simple repair)
3. Train communities in productive end use, including number of relevant income generating activities that can be power by the MHP Plant
4. Exposure visits can be arranged inland and abroad to visit other communities that are already operating successfully their own MHP schemes
5. Hydel mechanics be arranged for selected community members 6. Training be organized for the technical staff of organization for trouble
shooting of the sophisticated EME and TLE7. Organizations should provide a long term support not less than 3 years to the
beneficiary villages. This should include refresher training and overall monitoring of the MHP scheme, including tariff, management committee, plant operator performance and productive end use beneficiaries
Post MHP Impact
1. Social Cohesion 2. Quality of life improved 3. Increased livelihood opportunities4. Availability of low cost electricity5. Taping of water sources6. Boost in income generating activities7. Economy of fuel wood8. Flourishment of cottage industry 9. Easy access to electronic media/recreation10. Linking MHP with other activities like generation of savings,
activist training, social sector activities and credit etc
THANK YOU