Islam

Chapter 26 Section 1

Islam Muhammad-prophet to God (Allah) Gabriel-angel sent by God to Muhammad

telling him to preach Koran-Islamic Holy Book

Came from what Gabriel told

Muhammad-exact recitation At first it was only written in

Arabic, thereby creating a universal

language for Muslims

Islam Mecca-Holy City

City at the center of trade Many worshiped at the Kaaba

What was located at the Kaaba? (see pg 570) A sacred shrine that housed the images of

Arab gods and the Black Stone (a meteorite thought to have been sent from the heavens)

Islam

People in Mecca did not agree with Muhammad’s message of monotheism WHY? (see pg 570) Thought it would end pilgrimages to Kaaba and they

would lose money Forced him to leave

Went to Medina (called the city of the prophet)

Hejira-migration of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina Became the 1st year of the Muslim calendar

Islam Several years later, Muhammad returned to

Mecca with an army and took the city He dies 2 years later

YES-NO-WHY Muhammad was forced out of Mecca

because the people didn’t like the religion he was preaching about.

Islam Believe in the same God as Christians and Jews Muslim-someone who submits to God All people are equal Ethical conduct

Day of Judgment when wicked are punished with suffering and will go to Hell and the faithful will be rewarded with eternal live in heavenCan go to Hell for lying, dishonesty,

corruption, etc.

Islam Muslims can not:

drink alcoholEat/Touch porkEat meat of a carnivoreHijab-head covering for women

Shows modesty Some have to cover whole face except eyes, others

can expose face, but not hair (depends on if Islam is used as just a religion, or also the law for the country)

YES-NO-WHY The Islamic religion is completely different

from Christianity.

5 Pillars of Islam 1. Proclaim belief in one God

God revealed his message to Muhammad Honor Abraham, Moses, and Jesus-do not

worship 2. Prayer

5 times a day Face holy city

5 Pillars of Islam 3. Charity to old and poor 4. Fast during Ramadan

9th month of Muslim calendar (end of Sept-Oct)

Not allowed to eat/drink from sunrise to sunset

5. Hajj Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once

5 Pillars of Islam Some also include

6. Jihad

What does Jihad include? (see pg 571)

-Struggle for inner peace

-battle in defense of Islam

Expansion of Islam Why did Islam spread quickly? (see pg

572-573) Army was united by beliefs

Muslim warriors who died in the service of Islam would win a place in paradise

Riches from conquered lands Were seen as liberators Liked idea of equality Did not force to convert (had to pay a tax)

Summary Write a one sentence summary of why

Islam was able to expand so rapidly.

2 Branches Why are there two branches of Islam? (see

pg 573) Split over who would be caliph (successor to

Muhammad)

Sunni-MajorityBelieve anyone could be caliph

Shiite-MinorityBelieve only descendants of Ali

(Muhammad’s cousin) could be caliph

What is the meaning of each of the following?

“Praise belongs to God, the Lord of all Being, the All-merciful, the All-compassionate, the Master of the Day of Doom. Thee only we serve.”

“Woe to those who pray but in their prayer are careless, who make a show of devotion but refuse to help the needy.”

“Read the Koran constantly. I swear that the Koran runneth away faster than a camel which is not tied by the leg.”

Assignment Turn to page 573 Read the Arab Empire and Golden Age of

Muslim Civilization As you read, take notes on the sections

Then answer question 7 in the section 1 review (page 575)