islam
DESCRIPTION
ISLAM. Founder: Muhammad b. 57O - 632 AD (also Mohammed, Mahomet) Islam--"submission" (to God) Practioners called Muslims (submitters) Sacred Texts: The Qur'an (Koran) The Hadith ("traditions" of Muhammad and early Muslim leaders). Historical Background. 7th Century Arabia - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
ISLAM
Founder: Muhammad b. 57O - 632 AD (also Mohammed, Mahomet)
Islam--"submission" (to God)Practioners called Muslims (submitters)Sacred Texts:
The Qur'an (Koran)The Hadith ("traditions" of Muhammad and early Muslim leaders)
Historical Background
7th Century Arabia
Barbarism-warring tribes, settling in Mecca, trade
Paganism--Polytheism and Animism--pantheon of gods with Allah, the Moon God and his three daughters at the top, lesser gods, jinn (genies, nature spirits)
Month of Fasting in the cult of the moon god
Historical Background
Worship at the Kabah ("cube")--square stone temple in Mecca with 36O idols
Pilgrimage to Mecca
Prayer towards the Kabah in Mecca
Superstition
The Life of Muhammad
Father dies before birth, "spiritualist" mother
Orphaned at 5, shuffled around, raised by uncle
Cave explorationEarly vision--insides stirredAge 25-4O Marries Khadijah, becomes
caravan owner
The Life of Muhammad
Age 4O Prophetic call--"The Night of Power"
Muhammad's visions--temporal lobe epilepsy?
Muhammad's doubt
Demon possession?
Mental illness?
Suicide attempts thwarted by Gabriel
The Life of Muhammad
The Satanic Verses: Is it O.K. to worship Allah's 3 daughters?
Flight to Medina (Yathrib)--success
Caravan Looting and Pillaging
Plundering of the Jews
Defeat by the Meccans, Muhammad nearly killed at Uhod
The Life of Muhammad
Muhammad regroups, rebuildsTreaty with MeccaConquest of Mecca
The Character of MuhammadCharisma, diplomatic skillsSocial justice concerns
The Character of Muhammad
TemperPlunder, assassinations, reprisals,
severe punishmentsSuperstitionSexual appetite
ZaynabAesha
Attitude towards womenMuhammad vs. Jesus
The Five Pillars of Islam
1. The Shahadah: "There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet."
2. Salat: Prayer towards Mecca 5x a day3. Zakat (annual charitable tax on net
worth)4. Sawm: Fasting during Ramadan (Month
in Muslim calendar)--no eating or drinking
5. Hajj: Pilgrimage to Mecca (at least once)